CN110754207A

CN110754207A - Harvesting device

Info

Publication number: CN110754207A
Application number: CN201911228674.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗曜; 谢方平; 彭志红; 王修善; 陈厉新; 李铁辉; 龚衍; 贺世伟
Original assignee: Hunan Province Farmers Agricultural Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Province Farmers Agricultural Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-04
Filing date: 2019-12-04
Publication date: 2020-02-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a harvesting device, which comprises a chassis, wherein a header is arranged at the front end of the chassis, a reel used for shifting external crops to be harvested to the header is arranged above the header, a conveying groove is connected to the header, a threshing and cleaning mechanism is arranged in the conveying direction of the conveying groove and used for threshing and cleaning the crops, a granary is connected to the threshing and cleaning mechanism, a power chamber is arranged on the chassis, and the power chamber is connected with the chassis, the header, the reel, the conveying groove and the threshing and cleaning mechanism. Through the structural design of the harvesting device, the corn cobs can be picked off from the field stalks, and the threshing of the corn cobs can be realized, so that the universality of equipment is greatly improved, the production cost is reduced, and the labor intensity of farmers is reduced.

Description

Harvesting device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a harvesting device.

Background

China is a world large country for agricultural production, and agricultural mechanization is continuously developed in China for further reducing the labor intensity of farmers and improving the production efficiency. In actual operation, crops and operation environments faced by agricultural machinery are increasingly complex and diverse, the mechanization degree of the traditional agricultural machinery in China to the special crops is not high, but the requirement of the special crops on mechanization is more urgent, such as corn.

In actual operation, because the maize is long on the corn-on-cob, so the maize is reaped need take off the corn-on-cob from the stem earlier, then peel off the kernel of corn again, because the complexity that the maize was reaped, among the prior art, people carry out the maize when reaping, generally take off the corn-on-cob from field stem by corn picker earlier, then drag the corn-on-cob home and carry out solitary threshing again through threshing equipment, so, whole process both need use corn picker and threshing equipment simultaneously, need the manual handling corn-on-cob again simultaneously, both increased manufacturing cost, and the artifical intensity of labour has been strengthened again.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a harvesting device, which can not only pick corn cobs off field stalks, but also realize threshing of the corn cobs through the structural design of the harvesting device, thereby greatly improving the universality of equipment, reducing the production cost and reducing the labor intensity of farmers.

The utility model provides a harvesting device, includes the chassis, the chassis front end is provided with the header, the header top is provided with and is used for dialling outside waiting to be reaped the crop to the reel of header, be connected with the conveyer trough on the header, be provided with on the transmission direction of conveyer trough and thresh cleaning mechanism, it is used for threshing and cleaning of crop and cleans the mechanism, it is connected with the granary to thresh cleaning mechanism, be provided with the power house on the chassis, the power house with the chassis the header dial the reel the conveyer trough it cleans the mechanism and links to each other to thresh.

Preferably, the chassis is a tracked chassis.

Preferably, the header includes the platform dish, platform dish the place ahead is provided with the cutting knife, the cutting knife both sides are provided with the branch standing grain board, the cutting knife top is provided with connects the work or material rest, the platform dish inner chamber is provided with carries the screw feeder, be provided with the guide mouth on the platform dish curb plate just the guide mouth is located carry on the direction of delivery of screw feeder.

Preferably, the material receiving frame is a slot type material receiving frame, and the slot type material receiving frame comprises insertion bars arranged in parallel at intervals and support bars arranged below the insertion bars.

Preferably, a gap bridge transmission mechanism is arranged on the side face of the table disc, the input end of the gap bridge transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the power chamber, and the output end of the gap bridge transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the cutting table.

Preferably, threshing and cleaning mechanism includes the casing, the casing inner chamber is provided with threshing cylinder, threshing cylinder below is provided with the arcuation sieve, arcuation sieve below is provided with the shale shaker, the shale shaker below is provided with the seed grain and collects transport mechanism, the shale shaker with the seed grain is collected and is provided with the cleaning fan between the transport mechanism, the seed grain collect transport mechanism with the granary communicates with each other.

Preferably, the shale shaker includes the skeleton, the skeleton front end set up shake the board just it all spills the strip to be provided with on the shake board, the skeleton middle-end sets up the fish scale sieve, fish scale sieve top sets up the line sieve just the fish scale sieve bottom is provided with the net check sieve, the skeleton rear end is provided with the dovetail sieve, the dovetail sieve rear end is provided with prevents throwing the board.

Preferably, a splash guard bar and a splash guard are arranged between the arc-shaped sieve plate and the vibrating sieve.

Preferably, a rethresher is arranged below the vibrating screen.

Preferably, a cab is arranged on the chassis.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the harvesting device provided by the invention is used for harvesting crops such as corn, the reel dials outside cornstalks to be harvested to the header, the header cuts off the crops and collects the cornstalks with the corn cobs and guides the cornstalks to the conveying groove, the conveying groove further conveys the cornstalks with the corn cobs to the threshing and cleaning mechanism, the threshing and cleaning mechanism further threshes and cleans the corn kernels, and finally the clean corn kernels are conveyed to the granary to be collected and stored. The harvesting device provided by the invention can not only pick corn cobs off from field stalks, but also realize threshing of the corn cobs, thereby greatly improving the universality of equipment, reducing the production cost and reducing the labor intensity of farmers.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a harvesting apparatus disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the harvesting apparatus disclosed in example 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an overall structural schematic diagram of the header disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a receiving rack disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a threshing and cleaning mechanism disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a vibrating screen disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 to 2 provide an embodiment of a harvesting apparatus according to the present invention, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the harvesting apparatus disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention; fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of the harvesting apparatus disclosed in example 1 of the present invention.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the harvesting device provided by the invention can simultaneously realize the harvesting and threshing of corns, greatly improve the universality of equipment and obviously reduce the labor intensity of farmers. The harvesting device provided by the invention comprises a chassis 1, a header 2, a reel 3, a conveying trough 4, a threshing and cleaning mechanism 5, a grain bin 6, a power chamber 7 and a cab 8.

In this scheme, this reaping apparatus includes chassis 1, and chassis 1 is used for providing the support for the installation of other mechanisms, can drive other parts simultaneously and walk the removal together. In particular, to further facilitate the running of the harvesting device on different road conditions, the chassis 1 is preferably a crawler-type chassis.

In the scheme, the header 2 is arranged at the front end of the chassis 1, and the header 2 is used for shearing off stems of crops and collecting stem tips with fruits.

In the scheme, a reel 3 used for shifting the external crops to be harvested to the header is arranged above the header 2. Specifically, when the harvesting device runs forwards for operation, the reel 3 rotates anticlockwise, so that crops are grabbed and fed into the cutting table 2, and the crops are continuously and smoothly harvested.

In this scheme, be connected with conveyer trough 4 on the header 2, be provided with on the transmission direction of conveyer trough 4 and thresh cleaning mechanism 5, it is used for threshing and cleaning of crop to thresh cleaning mechanism 5, it is connected with granary 6 on the cleaning mechanism 5 to thresh. Specifically, the conveying chute 4 is used for conveying the corn stalks with the corn cobs to the threshing and cleaning mechanism 5. The threshing and cleaning mechanism 5 is used for threshing and cleaning crops, and the threshing and cleaning mechanism 5 is generally provided with a sundries discharge port to discharge impurities which do not need to be collected. The granary 6 is used for collecting and storing clean corn kernels.

In the scheme, a power chamber 7 is arranged on the chassis 1, and the power chamber 7 is connected with the chassis 1, the header 2, the reel 3, the conveying groove 4 and the threshing and cleaning mechanism 5. The power chamber 7 is used for providing power output for the chassis 1, the header 2, the reel 3, the conveying chute 4 and the actions of the threshing and cleaning mechanism 5.

When the harvesting device provided by the invention is used for harvesting crops such as corn, the reel 3 is used for shifting cornstalks to be harvested from the outside to the header 2, the header 2 is used for cutting off the crops, the cornstalks with the corncobs are collected and guided to the conveying groove 4, the conveying groove 4 is used for further conveying the cornstalks with the corncobs to the threshing and cleaning mechanism 5, the threshing and cleaning mechanism 5 is used for further threshing and cleaning the corn kernels, and finally the clean corn kernels are conveyed to the grain bin 6 to be collected and stored. The harvesting device provided by the invention can not only pick corn cobs off from field stalks, but also realize threshing of the corn cobs, thereby greatly improving the universality of equipment, reducing the production cost and reducing the labor intensity of farmers.

In the scheme, in order to further facilitate the operation of a driver, the chassis 1 is provided with a cab 8.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 and 4 provide a specific embodiment of the header of the present invention, wherein fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the header disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention; fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the receiving rack disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In this embodiment, for further making things convenient for the shearing of crop stalk stem, preferably, header 2 includes platform dish 201, platform dish 201 the place ahead is provided with cutting knife 202, cutting knife 202 both sides are provided with branch standing grain board 203, cutting knife 202 top is provided with connects work or material rest 204, platform dish 201 inner chamber is provided with carries screw feeder 205, be provided with guide opening 206 just on the platform dish 201 curb plate guide opening 206 is located carry on screw feeder 205's the direction of delivery. The material receiving frame 204 is a slot type material receiving frame, and the slot type material receiving frame comprises insertion bars 2041 arranged in parallel at intervals and supporting bars 2042 arranged below the insertion bars 2041. The side of the table tray 201 is provided with a gap bridge transmission mechanism 207, the input end of the gap bridge transmission mechanism 207 is in transmission connection with the power chamber 7, and the output end of the gap bridge transmission mechanism 207 is in transmission connection with the cutting table 2.

Specifically, when the header 2 provided by this embodiment carries out corn harvesting operation, divide the standing grain board 203 by both sides at first and divide into the not cutting area and wait to cut the district, the not cutting area plant pushes away to the header 2 outside, wait to cut the district corn plant and stir by reel 3, the plant is dialled to cutting knife 202 department from the cutting gap that connects material frame 204 and accomplishes cutting off of stem stalk, the corn-on-stick area stem stalk after cutting off is dialled to connect the excellent bench by reel 1 simultaneously, corn-on-stick and corn-on-stick move to header 2 in the stirring of reel 3, and then snatch direction baffle opening 206 department by transport screw feeder 205, further fall into conveyer trough 4 from baffle opening 206 and carry backward.

In the whole process, the slot type material receiving frame can guide the corn stalks to the cutting knife 202 for cutting more conveniently; the gap bridge transmission mechanism 207 changes the direction and the speed of the power chamber 7 according to the requirements of the cutting platform 2, so that the smooth operation of the whole cutting platform 2 is adapted.

Example 3:

referring to fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 and 6 provide a specific embodiment of a threshing and cleaning mechanism of the present invention, wherein fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the threshing and cleaning mechanism disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention; fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a vibrating screen disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

In this embodiment, for further make things convenient for breaking away from and cleaning of kernel of corn, threshing and cleaning mechanism 5 includes casing 501, the casing 501 inner chamber is provided with threshing cylinder 502, threshing cylinder 502 below is provided with arcuation sieve plate 503, arcuation sieve plate 503 below is provided with shale shaker 504, shale shaker 504 below is provided with seed grain and collects transport mechanism 505, shale shaker 504 with seed grain is collected and is provided with cleaning fan 506 between transport mechanism 505, seed grain collection transport mechanism 505 with granary 6 communicates with each other. Splash bars 507 and splash plates 508 are arranged between the arc-shaped sieve plates and the vibrating sieve. A rethresher 509 is arranged below the vibrating screen.

The specific working process of the threshing and cleaning mechanism 5 provided by the embodiment is as follows: the threshing cylinder 502 grabs the materials from the tail part of the conveying groove 4 to enter a gap between the threshing cylinder 502 and the arc-shaped sieve plate 503, the materials rotate along with the threshing cylinder 502 and move backwards, the materials form striking and kneading with the threshing cylinder 502 and the arc-shaped sieve plate 503 in the rotating process, corn cobs are separated from corn straws, and corn kernels fall off from the corn cobs; then corn kernels and part of impurities fall onto the vibrating screen 504 from the screen hole gaps of the arc-shaped screen plate 503, corn straws and other impurities are discharged out of the vibrating screen from the tail of the arc-shaped screen plate 503, under the vibrating screening action of the vibrating screen 504, the corn kernels and part of impurities are further separated, and the impurities in the corn kernels can be completely blown off through the sorting action of the cleaning fan 506, so that clean corn kernels fall into the kernel collecting and conveying mechanism 505 to be conveyed to the granary 6.

In this embodiment, the vibrating screen 504 includes a framework 5041, a shaking plate 5042 is arranged at the front end of the framework 5041, scattering bars 5043 are arranged on the shaking plate 5042, a fish scale 5044 is arranged at the middle end of the framework 5041, a line screen 5045 is arranged above the fish scale 5044, a grid screen 5046 is arranged at the bottom of the fish scale 5044, a dovetail screen 5047 is arranged at the rear end of the framework 5041, and a slinger prevention plate 5048 is arranged at the rear end of the dovetail screen 5047.

The specific operation process of the vibrating screen 504 provided by this embodiment is as follows: the grains and the impurities firstly fall onto the vibrating screen 504, the grains and the impurities are separated into layers through shaking of the front shaking plate 5042, the heavy grains are shaken to the lower layer, the light impurities are shaken to the upper layer, and meanwhile, the grains and the impurities accumulated on the outer side are pushed, guided and flatly spread to the middle part of the vibrating screen 504 through the uniformly spreading strips 5043; the grains and the impurities further move from front to back to enter a region of the scalping sieve 5044 under the vibration of the vibrating sieve 504, the grains and the small-particle impurities fall onto the grid sieve 5046 below the scalping sieve 5044, the grid sieve 5046 further cleans the grains and the small-particle impurities, and the clean grains fall into the grain collecting and conveying mechanism 505 to be conveyed to the granary 6; the impurities pass above the fish scale screen 5044 and enter the dovetail screen 5047, in the process, the impurities are not necessarily all impurities, wherein part of the impurities are not completely threshed corn cobs with grains, the dovetail screen 5047 filters the corn cobs with grains to the rethresher 509 for further threshing, and the rethresher 509 then throws the rethreshed grains and the impurities onto the vibrating screen 504 for repeated cleaning until the clean grains are collected; the impurities on the vibrating screen 504 are discharged out of the machine after vibrating the vibrating screen 504. In the whole process, the cleaning fan 506 continuously provides wind obliquely upwards and backwards for the vibrating screen 504, and slight dust impurities are blown out of the machine. In the present embodiment, the front is the left side of fig. 6, and the rear is the right side of fig. 6.

In the process, the wire screen 5045 arranged above the fish scale screen 5044 can effectively prevent flat irregular impurities from being clamped in gaps among the fish scale screens 5044, so that the wire screen 5045 can effectively prevent a cleaning channel from being blocked, and the cleaning quality is ensured.

In the process, the anti-dropping plate 5048 at the tail of the vibrating screen 504 can be adjusted up and down to forcibly block the impurities containing the seeds back to the stripper 509, so that the impurities containing the seeds are prevented from being directly dropped out of the machine.

In this embodiment, splash bars 507 and splash plates 508 are disposed between the arc-shaped screen plate 503 and the vibrating screen 504. When corn kernels enter the middle of the arc-shaped sieve plate 503 and the vibrating sieve 504, part of the kernels are too fast and can be rebounded directly by the vibrating sieve 504, and the kernels can be directly popped out of the machine to cause loss, and the splash-proof strips 507 and the splash-proof plates 508 can effectively buffer the impact force of the corn kernels, so that the kernels are guaranteed not to be popped out of the machine. Specifically, the splash bar 507 and the splash plate 508 are preferably made of soft rubber.

The above description provides a harvesting apparatus according to the present invention. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a harvesting device, a serial communication port, which comprises a base, the chassis front end is provided with the header, the header top is provided with be used for with outside waiting to be reaped the crop dial to the standing grain wheel of header, be connected with the conveyer trough on the header, be provided with on the transmission direction of conveyer trough and thresh cleaning mechanism, it is used for threshing and cleaning of crop cleaning mechanism, it is connected with the granary to thresh cleaning mechanism, be provided with the power house on the chassis, the power house with the chassis the header dial standing grain wheel the conveyer trough threshing cleaning mechanism links to each other.

2. The harvesting device of claim 1, wherein the chassis is a tracked chassis.

3. The harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the header comprises a table plate, a cutting knife is arranged in front of the table plate, dividing plates are arranged on two sides of the cutting knife, a material receiving frame is arranged above the cutting knife, a conveying auger is arranged in an inner cavity of the table plate, a material guide opening is arranged on a side plate of the table plate, and the material guide opening is positioned in the conveying direction of the conveying auger.

4. The harvesting device according to claim 3, wherein the receiving frame is a slot-type receiving frame, and the slot-type receiving frame comprises insertion bars and supporting bars arranged below the insertion bars in parallel and spaced arrangement.

5. The harvesting device according to claim 3, wherein a gap bridge transmission mechanism is arranged on the side surface of the platform disc, the input end of the gap bridge transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the power chamber, and the output end of the gap bridge transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the cutting platform.

6. The harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the threshing and cleaning mechanism comprises a housing, a threshing cylinder is arranged in an inner cavity of the housing, an arc-shaped sieve plate is arranged below the threshing cylinder, a vibrating screen is arranged below the arc-shaped sieve plate, a grain collecting and conveying mechanism is arranged below the vibrating screen, a cleaning fan is arranged between the vibrating screen and the grain collecting and conveying mechanism, and the grain collecting and conveying mechanism is communicated with the granary.

7. The harvesting device according to claim 6, wherein the vibrating screen comprises a framework, a shaking plate is arranged at the front end of the framework and provided with scattering bars, a fish scale screen is arranged at the middle end of the framework, a wire screen is arranged above the fish scale screen, a mesh screen is arranged at the bottom of the fish scale screen, a dovetail screen is arranged at the rear end of the framework, and an anti-dropping plate is arranged at the rear end of the dovetail screen.

8. The harvesting device of claim 6, wherein splash bars and splash plates are disposed between the arcuate screen deck and the shaker.

9. The harvesting device of claim 6, wherein a rethresher is disposed below the shaker.

10. The harvesting device of claim 1, wherein a cab is provided on the chassis.