CN110745934A - Modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and preparation and regeneration method thereof - Google Patents

Modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and preparation and regeneration method thereof Download PDF

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CN110745934A
CN110745934A CN201911007789.2A CN201911007789A CN110745934A CN 110745934 A CN110745934 A CN 110745934A CN 201911007789 A CN201911007789 A CN 201911007789A CN 110745934 A CN110745934 A CN 110745934A
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oxide
inorganic fiber
following
fiber composite
composite material
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李庆
杨政
孙爱文
李诗帆
龚杰
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Qinghong Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
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Qinghong Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
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    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
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    • B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
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    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic System; Zincates; Cadmates
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/46—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System; Titanates; Zirconates; Stannates; Plumbates
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/48—Oxides or hydroxides of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten; Chromates; Dichromates; Molybdates; Tungstates
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    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/49—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic System; Ferrates; Cobaltates; Nickelates; Ruthenates; Osmates; Rhodates; Iridates; Palladates; Platinates
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    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

Abstract

The invention discloses a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and a preparation and regeneration method thereof, wherein the formula comprises the following components: the composite material comprises silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide, wherein the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide, 10-30% of magnesium oxide, 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of iron oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide; according to the invention, the high-temperature resistant inorganic fiber is prepared from multiple metal oxides and active transition metal oxides with a brand-new formula, and the purification efficiency and the removal effect can be greatly improved by utilizing the physicochemical characteristics of the transition metal oxides contained in the fiber, the ultrahigh specific surface area characteristics of the superfine fiber and the surface characteristics of multiple channels, multiple holes and multiple crystal forms formed on the surface after modification.

Description

Modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and preparation and regeneration method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and a preparation and regeneration method thereof.
Background
The existing water treatment technology has the application of using manganese sand to remove iron in underground water and also can be used as a material for removing heavy metal ions such as Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg and the like, and because the manufactured manganese sand has large particle material and small specific surface area, the defects of low removal efficiency, poor effect and huge volume of a filter device exist;
CS in exhaust gas2、H2S is the main source of odor, orderThe gas is generally removed by adopting activated carbon adsorption, and the activated carbon only has adsorption but cannot be effectively decomposed, so that the defects of poor adsorption efficiency and quick failure are also existed;
formaldehyde in household decoration materials is a main pollutant of air and is also an organic waste gas in industrial production of main pathogenic substances, odor of metal cutting fluid is also a main factor of indoor air pollution, most of the prior art adopts a method for adsorbing ozone for decomposition by using activated carbon, and the ozone decomposition can bring a new pollutant O3The active carbon also has the defects of poor cost performance and low efficiency;
the air quality in a large-scale closed space, such as a submarine, is poor, and the health of people is influenced. The existing staticizing equipment is mostly also subjected to adsorption rather than decomposition, so that the problems of low efficiency and poor effect exist;
in view of these drawbacks, it is necessary to design a modified inorganic fiber composite material with high activity and a preparation and regeneration method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and a preparation and regeneration method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises a base material and a transition metal oxide, wherein the base material mainly comprises silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide; the transition metal oxide mainly comprises manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide; the base material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide and 10-30% of magnesium oxide; the transition metal oxide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of ferric oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide.
According to the technical scheme, the base material component comprises one or a mixture of several of the base material components.
According to the technical scheme, the transition metal oxide component comprises one or a mixture of several of the transition metal oxide components.
A preparation method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting raw materials; step two, stirring and drying; step three, melting and fiber drawing; step four, activating and modifying; step five, weaving fibers; step six, manufacturing a filter material;
in the first step, the raw material selection comprises the following steps:
1) the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide, 10-30% of magnesium oxide, 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of iron oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide, and the total weight percentage is 1;
2) manually adding transition metal oxides of manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide, uniformly mixing according to the proportion of 4:1:1:1:1:1:1 to prepare a modified solution, and uniformly stirring;
in the second step, the stirring and drying comprises the following steps:
1) cleaning a stirrer with a heating function, and then sealing and stirring a plurality of materials of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide for 2 hours at the temperature of 95-110 ℃ according to the formula of the step one;
2) after stirring and drying, opening the stirrer, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
in the third step, the melting and fiber drawing comprises the following steps:
1) placing the materials stirred and dried in the step 2) into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100-1800 ℃, and fully melting the materials;
2) drawing the molten material into continuous fiber of 5-15um at high speed through a platinum rhodium alloy wire drawing bushing;
wherein in the fourth step, the activation modification comprises the following steps:
1) filling the continuous fiber obtained in the step three 2) into a groove body of a modifying liquid;
2) then the continuous fiber fully soaked in the modification solution is baked to be dry at 180 ℃ in a tunnel furnace;
3) rolling the dried material;
in the fifth step, the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material obtained in the fourth step is rolled, and can be used for weaving filter cloth in a long fiber mode, and filter materials can be made into filter felts in a short filament mode;
and in the sixth step, the filter cloth filter felt prepared in the fifth step is placed in an activating solution for further activation, and the filter material is prepared after drying treatment.
According to the technical scheme, the transition metal oxide added in the modification in the step one 2) can be modified by adding potassium permanganate, sodium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate according to the requirement of purifying gas in the target environment.
According to the technical scheme, in the sixth step, the filtering material which is necessary to be recycled is physically washed, chemically regenerated, re-modified and activated, so that the material is recycled.
According to the technical scheme, the modified active fiber material in the fourth step needs to be activated and treated in the environment of 200-600 ℃.
A regeneration method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of soaking in water; step two, dehydration treatment; step three, activating and drying; step four, recycling;
in the first step, the used filter material with the poor purification effect is soaked in the city water for 10 minutes;
in the second step, the soaked filter material is dehydrated, and the filter material can be dehydrated in a centrifugal drying mode to reduce the water content to below 50%;
in the third step, the dehydrated filter material is placed in the activation solution to be soaked for 30 minutes, the filter material is taken out after being saturated with the nano-slurry in the activation solution, and the filter material is dried at the temperature of 110-180 ℃;
in the fourth step, the dried filter material is packaged and recycled;
a regeneration method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of soaking in water; step two, dehydration treatment; step three, activating and drying; step four, recycling;
in the first step, the used filter material with the poor purification effect is soaked in the city water for 10 minutes;
in the second step, the soaked filter material is dehydrated, and the filter material can be dehydrated in a centrifugal drying mode to reduce the water content to below 50%;
in the third step, the dehydrated filter material is placed in the activation solution to be soaked for 30 minutes, the filter material is taken out after being saturated with the nano-slurry in the activation solution, and the filter material is dried at the temperature of 110-180 ℃;
and in the fourth step, the dried filter material is packaged and recycled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention adopts a brand-new formula of a plurality of metal oxides and active transition metal oxides to prepare the high-temperature resistant inorganic fiber, and can realize the formation of multi-channel, porous and polycrystalline surface characteristics on the surface of the modified fiber by utilizing the physicochemical characteristics of the transition metal oxides contained in the fiber, the ultrahigh specific surface area characteristics of the superfine fiber and the surface characteristics of the modified fiber, thereby realizing the purpose of dissolving Cd in water2+、Cr6+Reducing the obtained product to a low-valent nontoxic component, and adding Pb2+、Hg2+The oxidized precipitate is removed, SO can be realized at low temperature2Catalytic oxidation to SO3Catalytic oxidation of NO to NO2The high-efficiency oxidation reaction of (1) can catalyze, oxidize and decompose formaldehyde into H2O and CO2Can catalytically oxidize and decompose VOCs into H2O and CO2And other odorless and nontoxic gases. Can combine with active fiberThe nano surface characteristics and the physicochemical characteristics of the modified nano substance can be designed to correspond to the device equipment applied to the purification treatment of coal-fired flue gas, fuel oil flue gas, fuel gas waste gas, garbage odor, ship air, home decoration space, factory workshop, air-conditioning refrigerator and other environments and wastewater, can greatly improve the purification efficiency, promote the removal effect, reduce the operation cost, reduce the volume of the reaction device and reduce the investment cost.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the regeneration process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and a preparation and regeneration method thereof are disclosed:
example 1:
a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the composite material comprises silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, iron oxide and copper oxide, wherein the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 40% of silicon dioxide, 5% of aluminum oxide, 15% of calcium oxide and 20% of magnesium oxide are used as main base materials, and one or more of 13% of manganese dioxide, 5% of vanadium pentoxide, 1% of iron oxide and 1% of copper oxide in transition metal oxides are added.
A preparation method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting raw materials; step two, stirring and drying; step three, melting and fiber drawing; step four, activating and modifying; step five, weaving fibers; step six, manufacturing a filter material;
in the first step, the raw material selection comprises the following steps:
1) the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: selecting 40% of silicon dioxide, 5% of aluminum oxide, 15% of calcium oxide and 20% of magnesium oxide as main substrates, adding one or more of 13% of manganese dioxide, 5% of vanadium pentoxide, 1% of iron oxide and 1% of copper oxide in transition metal oxides, and weighing according to the weight percentage sum of 1;
2) manually adding transition metal oxides of manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide, uniformly mixing according to the proportion of 4:1:1:1:1:1:1 to prepare a modified solution, and uniformly stirring;
in the second step, the stirring and drying comprises the following steps:
1) cleaning a stirrer with a heating function, and then sealing and stirring a plurality of materials of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide for 2 hours at the temperature of 95-110 ℃ according to the formula of the step one;
2) opening the stirrer kettle after stirring and drying, naturally cooling to room temperature, adding one or more substances according to the requirement of purifying gas in the target environment for modification of the added transition metal oxide, and optionally adding potassium permanganate, sodium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate for modification;
in the third step, the melting and fiber drawing comprises the following steps:
1) placing the materials stirred and dried in the step 2) into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100-1800 ℃, and fully melting the materials;
2) drawing the molten material into continuous fiber of 5-15um at high speed through a platinum rhodium alloy wire drawing bushing, and carrying out physical washing, chemical regeneration, modification treatment and activation treatment on the product which is necessary to be recycled so as to realize recycling of the material;
wherein in the fourth step, the activation modification comprises the following steps:
1) loading the continuous fiber obtained in the step three 2) into a tank of a modifying solution, and activating at 200-600 ℃;
2) then the continuous fiber fully soaked in the modification solution is baked to be dry at 180 ℃ in a tunnel furnace;
3) rolling the dried material, and placing the rolled modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material in a dry place for storage;
in the fifth step, the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material obtained in the fourth step is rolled, and can be used for weaving filter cloth in a long fiber mode, and filter materials can be made into filter felts in a short filament mode;
and in the sixth step, the filter cloth filter felt prepared in the fifth step is placed in an activating solution for further activation, and the filter material is prepared after drying treatment.
A regeneration method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of soaking in water; step two, dehydration treatment; step three, activating and drying; step four, recycling;
in the first step, the used filter material with the poor purification effect is soaked in the city water for 10 minutes;
in the second step, the soaked filter material is dehydrated, and the filter material can be dehydrated in a centrifugal drying mode to reduce the water content to below 50%;
in the third step, the dehydrated filter material is placed in the activation solution to be soaked for 30 minutes, the filter material is taken out after being saturated with the nano-slurry in the activation solution, and the filter material is dried at the temperature of 110-180 ℃;
and in the fourth step, the dried filter material is packaged and recycled.
Example 2:
a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the composite material comprises silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide, wherein the mass percentage of each component is as follows: 40% of silicon dioxide, 20% of calcium oxide, 10% of magnesium oxide, 24% of manganese dioxide, 1% of vanadium pentoxide, 1% of titanium dioxide, 1% of iron oxide, 1% of copper oxide, 1% of nickel oxide and 1% of zinc oxide.
A preparation method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting raw materials; step two, stirring and drying; step three, melting and fiber drawing; step four, activating and modifying; step five, weaving fibers; step six, manufacturing a filter material;
in the first step, the raw material selection comprises the following steps:
1) the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: selecting 40% of silicon dioxide, 20% of calcium oxide, 10% of magnesium oxide, 24% of manganese dioxide, 1% of vanadium pentoxide, 1% of titanium dioxide, 1% of ferric oxide, 1% of copper oxide, 1% of nickel oxide and 1% of zinc oxide, and weighing according to the sum of the weight percentages of 1;
2) manually adding transition metal oxides of manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide, uniformly mixing according to the proportion of 4:1:1:1:1:1:1 to prepare a modified solution, and uniformly stirring;
in the second step, the stirring and drying comprises the following steps:
1) cleaning a stirrer with a heating function, and then sealing and stirring a plurality of materials of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide for 2 hours at the temperature of 95-110 ℃ according to the formula of the step one;
2) opening the stirrer kettle after stirring and drying, naturally cooling to room temperature, adding one or more substances according to the requirement of purifying gas in the target environment for modification of the added transition metal oxide, and optionally adding potassium permanganate, sodium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate for modification;
in the third step, the melting and fiber drawing comprises the following steps:
1) placing the materials stirred and dried in the step 2) into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100-1800 ℃, and fully melting the materials;
2) drawing the molten material into continuous fiber of 5-15um at high speed through a platinum rhodium alloy wire drawing bushing, and carrying out physical washing, chemical regeneration, modification treatment and activation treatment on the product which is necessary to be recycled so as to realize recycling of the material;
wherein in the fourth step, the activation modification comprises the following steps:
1) loading the continuous fiber obtained in the step three 2) into a tank of a modifying solution, and activating at 200-600 ℃;
2) then the continuous fiber fully soaked in the modification solution is baked to be dry at 180 ℃ in a tunnel furnace;
3) rolling the dried material, and placing the rolled modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material in a dry place for storage;
in the fifth step, the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material obtained in the fourth step is rolled, and can be used for weaving filter cloth in a long fiber mode, and filter materials can be made into filter felts in a short filament mode;
and in the sixth step, the filter cloth filter felt prepared in the fifth step is placed in an activating solution for further activation, and the filter material is prepared after drying treatment.
A regeneration method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of soaking in water; step two, dehydration treatment; step three, activating and drying; step four, recycling;
in the first step, the used filter material with the poor purification effect is soaked in the city water for 10 minutes;
in the second step, the soaked filter material is dehydrated, and the filter material can be dehydrated in a centrifugal drying mode to reduce the water content to below 50%;
in the third step, the dehydrated filter material is placed in the activation solution to be soaked for 30 minutes, the filter material is taken out after being saturated with the nano-slurry in the activation solution, and the filter material is dried at the temperature of 110-180 ℃;
and in the fourth step, the dried filter material is packaged and recycled.
Example 3:
a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the composite material comprises silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide, wherein the mass percentage of each component is as follows: 40% of silicon dioxide, 10% of calcium oxide, 10% of magnesium oxide, 25% of manganese dioxide, 10% of titanium dioxide, 1% of ferric oxide, 2% of copper oxide, 1% of nickel oxide and 1% of zinc oxide.
A preparation method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting raw materials; step two, stirring and drying; step three, melting and fiber drawing; step four, activating and modifying; step five, weaving fibers; step six, manufacturing a filter material;
in the first step, the raw material selection comprises the following steps:
1) the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: weighing 40% of silicon dioxide, 10% of calcium oxide, 10% of magnesium oxide, 25% of manganese dioxide, 10% of titanium dioxide, 1% of ferric oxide, 2% of copper oxide, 1% of nickel oxide and 1% of zinc oxide, and weighing according to the sum of the weight percentages of 1;
2) manually adding transition metal oxides of manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide, uniformly mixing according to the proportion of 4:1:1:1:1:1:1 to prepare a modified solution, and uniformly stirring;
in the second step, the stirring and drying comprises the following steps:
1) cleaning a stirrer with a heating function, and then sealing and stirring a plurality of materials of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide for 2 hours at the temperature of 95-110 ℃ according to the formula of the step one;
2) opening the stirrer kettle after stirring and drying, naturally cooling to room temperature, adding one or more substances according to the requirement of purifying gas in the target environment for modification of the added transition metal oxide, and optionally adding potassium permanganate, sodium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate for modification;
in the third step, the melting and fiber drawing comprises the following steps:
1) placing the materials stirred and dried in the step 2) into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100-1800 ℃, and fully melting the materials;
2) drawing the molten material into continuous fiber of 5-15um at high speed through a platinum rhodium alloy wire drawing bushing, and carrying out physical washing, chemical regeneration, modification treatment and activation treatment on the product which is necessary to be recycled so as to realize recycling of the material;
wherein in the fourth step, the activation modification comprises the following steps:
1) the continuous fiber drawn in the step three 2) passes through a groove filled with a modifying liquid and is activated at the temperature of 200-600 ℃;
2) then the continuous fiber fully soaked in the modification solution is baked to be dry at 180 ℃ in a tunnel furnace;
3) rolling the dried material, and placing the rolled modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material in a dry place for storage;
in the fifth step, the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material obtained in the fourth step is rolled, and can be used for weaving filter cloth in a long fiber mode, and filter materials can be made into filter felts in a short filament mode;
and in the sixth step, the filter cloth filter felt prepared in the fifth step is placed in an activating solution for further activation, and the filter material is prepared after drying treatment.
A regeneration method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of soaking in water; step two, dehydration treatment; step three, activating and drying; step four, recycling;
in the first step, the used filter material with the poor purification effect is soaked in the city water for 10 minutes;
in the second step, the soaked filter material is dehydrated, and the filter material can be dehydrated in a centrifugal drying mode to reduce the water content to below 50%;
in the third step, the dehydrated filter material is placed in the activation solution to be soaked for 30 minutes, the filter material is taken out after being saturated with the nano-slurry in the activation solution, and the filter material is dried at the temperature of 110-180 ℃;
and in the fourth step, the dried filter material is packaged and recycled.
The properties of the examples are compared in the following table:
Figure BDA0002243269380000091
based on the above, the invention adopts a brand-new formula of inorganic fiber made of various metal oxides and active transition metal oxides, and can realize the formation of multi-channel, porous and polycrystalline surface characteristics on the surface of the modified fiber by utilizing the physicochemical characteristics of the transition metal oxides contained in the fiber, the ultrahigh specific surface area characteristics of the superfine fiber and the surface characteristics of the modified surface2+、Cr6+Reducing the obtained product to a low-valent nontoxic component, and adding Pb2+、Hg2+The oxidized precipitate is removed, SO can be realized at low temperature2Catalytic oxidation to SO3And catalytic oxidation of NO to NO2The high-efficiency oxidation reaction of (1) can decompose formaldehyde into H2O and CO2Can catalytically oxidize and decompose VOCs into H2O and CO2And other odorless and nontoxic gases.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises a base material and a transition metal oxide, and is characterized in that: the substrate mainly comprises silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide; the transition metal oxide mainly comprises manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide; the base material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide and 10-30% of magnesium oxide; the transition metal oxide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of ferric oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide.
2. The modified highly reactive inorganic fiber composite of claim 1, wherein the matrix component comprises one or a mixture thereof.
3. The modified highly reactive inorganic fiber composite of claim 1, wherein the transition metal oxide component comprises one or a mixture of several thereof.
4. A preparation method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting raw materials; step two, stirring and drying; step three, melting and fiber drawing; step four, activating and modifying; step five, weaving fibers; step six, manufacturing a filter material; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, the raw material selection comprises the following steps:
1) the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide, 10-30% of magnesium oxide, 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of iron oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide, and the total weight percentage is 1;
2) manually selecting and adding one or more of manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide in transition metal oxides, uniformly mixing according to the proportion of 4:1:1:1:1 to prepare a modified solution, and uniformly stirring;
in the second step, the stirring and drying comprises the following steps:
1) cleaning a stirrer with a heating function, and then sealing and stirring a plurality of materials of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide for 2 hours at the temperature of 95-110 ℃ according to the formula of the step one;
2) after stirring and drying, opening the stirrer, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
in the third step, the melting and fiber drawing comprises the following steps:
1) placing the materials stirred and dried in the step 2) into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100-1800 ℃, and fully melting the materials;
2) drawing the molten material into continuous fiber of 5-15um at high speed through a platinum rhodium alloy wire drawing bushing;
wherein in the fourth step, the activation modification comprises the following steps:
1) filling the continuous fiber obtained in the step three 2) into a groove body of a modifying liquid;
2) then the continuous fiber fully soaked in the modification solution is baked to be dry at 180 ℃ in a tunnel furnace;
3) rolling the dried material;
in the fifth step, the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material obtained in the fourth step is rolled, and can be used for weaving filter cloth in a long fiber mode, and filter materials can be made into filter felts in a short filament mode;
and in the sixth step, the filter cloth filter felt prepared in the fifth step is placed in an activating solution for further activation, and the filter material is prepared after drying treatment.
5. The method for preparing the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the transition metal oxide added in the modification in the step one 2) can be modified by adding potassium permanganate, sodium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate according to the requirement of purifying gas in the target environment.
6. The method for preparing the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the sixth step, the filtering material which is necessary to be recycled is physically washed, chemically regenerated, re-modified and activated, so that the material is recycled.
7. The method for preparing the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the active fiber material modified in the fourth step needs to be activated and treated in the environment of 200-600 ℃.
8. A regeneration method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of soaking in water; step two, dehydration treatment; step three, activating and drying; step four, recycling; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, the used filter material with the poor purification effect is soaked in the city water for 10 minutes;
in the second step, the soaked filter material is dehydrated, and the filter material can be dehydrated in a centrifugal drying mode to reduce the water content to below 50%;
in the third step, the dehydrated filter material is placed in the activation solution to be soaked for 30 minutes, the filter material is taken out after being saturated with the nano-slurry in the activation solution, and the filter material is dried at the temperature of 110-180 ℃;
and in the fourth step, the dried filter material is packaged and recycled.
CN201911007789.2A 2019-10-22 2019-10-22 Modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and preparation and regeneration method thereof Pending CN110745934A (en)

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