CN110745091A - Vehicle underwater escape device and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure relates to an underwater escape device for a vehicle and the vehicle. The underwater escape device for the vehicle comprises a base, an escape cabin, an air pump and an escape door, wherein the base is used for being installed on the inner side of an opening of a ceiling of the vehicle, an inlet allowing a passenger to enter the escape cabin is formed in the base, the escape door is arranged at the inlet of the base and used for opening or closing the inlet, the escape cabin is constructed into a compressed air bag structure and can be detachably arranged on the base, and the air pump is arranged on the base and used for inflating the escape cabin so that the escape cabin expands and unfolds outside the vehicle. The underwater escape device for the vehicle separates the space outside the vehicle inside the vehicle through the escape compartment and the base, prevents water from rushing into the vehicle, increases the survival and escape time of passengers, and greatly improves the escape probability.

Description

Vehicle underwater escape device and vehicle

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicle safety, in particular to an underwater escape device for a vehicle and the vehicle.

Background

In recent years, after a vehicle enters water, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the underwater vehicle is large, so that a vehicle door cannot be opened, and passengers usually select a window to escape. The existing car windows are mostly provided with escape hammers for breaking the car windows, but after the car windows are broken underwater, a large amount of sundries such as water-doped cullet and the like gush into the car, so that passengers are easy to be injured and confused, the eyes are difficult to open in water with more glass residues, and the escape difficulty is increased; moreover, most vehicles are narrow in space, passengers can break side window glass to escape generally, and the passengers can difficultly escape in a convenient posture under the condition of confusion, so that the escape probability is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The underwater escape device for the vehicle can prevent water from rushing into the vehicle and improve the escape probability of passengers.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides an underwater escape device for a vehicle, including a base, an escape compartment, an air pump, and an escape door, wherein the base is configured to be installed inside an opening of a ceiling of the vehicle, and an entrance allowing a passenger to enter the escape compartment is provided on the base, the escape door is provided at the entrance of the base for opening or closing the entrance, the escape compartment is configured as a compressed air bag structure and detachably provided on the base, and the air pump is provided on the base for inflating the escape compartment so that the escape compartment expands and deploys outside the vehicle.

Optionally, the base is formed into a box shape having a bottom wall and a side wall, the escape compartment is accommodated in the base when folded, a horizontally extending limit flange is formed on the upper edge of the side wall, the limit flange is used for being clamped and fixed with the opening, and the bottom wall comprises the entrance and a stepping part formed around the entrance.

Optionally, a first sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the limiting flange and the side wall.

Optionally, the cabin of fleing is including importing and exporting, tectorial membrane and skeleton, import and export aligns the entry sets up on the base, the tectorial membrane is made by flexible waterproof material, the tectorial membrane covers on the skeleton, the skeleton is constructed into many connecting rods folding mechanism, the skeleton is including expansion state and fold condition expansion state the expansion state, the tectorial membrane expands to the car external expansion, the skeleton is used for supporting the tectorial membrane fold condition, the tectorial membrane with the skeleton draws in extremely on the base.

Optionally, the escape door includes a first door panel and a second door panel, the base is provided with a first linear chute and a second linear chute respectively located at two opposite sides of the entrance, the first door panel is in sliding fit with the first linear chute, and the second door panel is in sliding fit with the second linear chute, so that the first door panel and the second door panel slide to open or close the entrance.

Optionally, the escape compartment includes an entrance and an exit, the entrance and the exit are configured as an entrance and an exit with elasticity, the closed surface of the first door panel and the closed surface of the second door panel are respectively fixed on the periphery of the entrance and the exit to drive the entrance and the exit to be opened or closed, and a sealing device is arranged on the first door panel and/or the second door panel and used for sealing the entrance and the exit when the first door panel and the second door panel are closed.

Optionally, a blade is further disposed on the closing surface of the first door panel and/or the closing surface of the second door panel, and when the first door panel and the second door panel are closed, the blade is used to cut off the connection between the access and the first door panel and the second door panel.

Optionally, the underwater escape device for a vehicle further includes a second sealing ring, and the second sealing ring is disposed between the escape door and the base and around the periphery of the entrance.

Optionally, the underwater escape device for the vehicle further comprises a controller and a power supply, the power supply is electrically connected with the controller and the air pump respectively, the controller comprises a control chip and an operation button, the operation button is electrically connected with the controller, and the control chip is used for controlling the escape door to be opened or closed and controlling the air pump to be started or stopped according to a signal generated by the operation button.

Another aspect of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle including an underwater escape device for a vehicle as described above.

Through the technical scheme, after a vehicle enters water, a passenger only needs to install the underwater escape device for the vehicle at the opening of the ceiling of the vehicle, starts the air pump to expand the escape compartment, and then can escape through the escape compartment. In addition, entry and the cabin intercommunication of fleing on the base, consequently the switching of emergency exit can not lead to the car in water gets into the car, and when fleing, the back is opened to the opening of vehicle ceiling, and the cabin of fleing and base also can cut off the space outside the car in the car, prevent that water from gushing into in the car, on the one hand, can provide the space of breathing under water for the passenger, increase survival and escape time, on the other hand, the gas in the car can slow down the sunken speed of vehicle and degree of depth, has reduced the search and rescue degree of difficulty. In a word, through the vehicle underwater escape device, when water is prevented from flowing into a vehicle, passengers are carried to escape, and the escape probability is greatly improved.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle headliner in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an underwater escape device for vehicles in an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which an escape compartment is in a collapsed state,

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an underwater escape device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a framework is in a deployed state;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an escape capsule in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view from another perspective of the escape capsule in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a base in an embodiment of the present disclosure, with a control chip portion exploded;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a base from another perspective in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a base in an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein an escape door is not shown;

FIG. 9 is a top view of a base in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the detail C of FIG. 11 with the closure in a disengaged condition;

fig. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion C of fig. 11, in which the closure is in a press-fit state.

Description of the reference numerals

1 bottom wall of inlet 12 of base 11

121 stepping part 13 side wall 14 limit flange

141 inclined plane 15 first sealing ring 2 escape compartment

21 inlet and outlet 22 film 23 skeleton

24 one-way rotating shaft 3 air pump 4 escape door

41 first door panel 42 second door panel 43 elastic zone

44 groove 45 second seal ring 46 first linear chute

47 second linear chute 5 vehicle ceiling 51 opening

6 sealing device 7 blade 81 first operating button

82 second operation button 83 third operation button 84 control chip

85 Chamber 86 closure

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the terms of orientation such as "up" and "down" are generally defined with reference to the vehicle, "up" refers to a direction toward the roof of the vehicle, and "down" refers to a direction toward the chassis of the vehicle; "inner and outer" refer to "inner and outer" relative to the contours of the part or structure itself, and terms such as "first", "second", and the like are used to distinguish one element from another, without order or importance. In addition, in the description with reference to the drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same elements.

In the related art, the inventor of the present application finds that after a vehicle falls into a river, the escape probability of passengers in the vehicle is very low, and the basic reason is that when the passengers open or break the window glass to escape, a large amount of water rushes into the vehicle, the passengers are flustered by the water and are difficult to open eyes, the passengers are difficult to escape in a short time, and the risk of suffocation in the water is also increased; in addition, after a large amount of water rushes into the vehicle, the vehicle can sink quickly, and passengers can hardly escape in deep water.

The present disclosure provides an underwater escape device for a vehicle, as shown in fig. 1 to 13, including a base 1, an escape capsule 2, an air pump 3, and an escape door 4. The base 1 is used for being installed inside an opening 51 of a vehicle ceiling 5, an entrance 11 allowing a passenger to enter the escape compartment 2 is formed in the base 1, an escape door 4 is provided at the entrance 11 of the base 1 for opening or closing the entrance 11, the escape compartment 2 is configured as a compressed air bag structure and is detachably provided on the base 1, and an air pump 3 is provided on the base 1 for inflating the escape compartment 2 to expand the escape compartment 2 to the outside of the vehicle.

The opening 51 of the vehicle ceiling 5 may be an opening 51 of a sunroof or a dedicated escape exit, which is not limited in the present disclosure, and the opening 51 is designed on the vehicle ceiling 5 to facilitate passengers to escape in a convenient posture and increase the escape probability, but not limited to be designed above the vehicle, for example, the opening 51 may also be an opening 51 of a side window or other structures.

As an example, the underwater escape device for vehicles may be installed at all times inside the opening 51 to save the escape time; in another example, the underwater escape device for vehicles may be stored under a seat at ordinary times, and the base 1 is installed inside the opening 51 after the vehicle enters the water, so as to maintain the beauty of the ceiling in the vehicle.

According to the above structure, when the vehicle enters water, the passenger can escape from the submerged vehicle by means of the underwater escape device according to the following steps, and the escape step mainly comprises:

first, the base 1 is installed inside the opening 51 of the vehicle ceiling 5 with the escape door 4 in a closed state;

then, the opening 51 (e.g., a skylight, a special escape exit, etc.) is opened, and at this time, water is blocked outside the vehicle by the base 1 and the escape compartment 2 in the folded state;

then, the air pump 3 is started to inflate the escape compartment 2 to expand the escape compartment to the outside of the vehicle, and when the escape compartment is expanded to accommodate at least one passenger, the escape door 4 can be opened, and the passenger can enter the escape compartment 2.

And finally, closing the escape door 4 and the air pump 3 to separate the escape compartment 2 from the base 1, and enabling the escape compartment 2 to float upwards out of the water surface under the action of buoyancy, so that the passenger can open the escape compartment 2 to escape or call for help.

After the first group of passengers escape, the opening 51 of the vehicle roof 5 is closed, the base 1 of the vehicle underwater escape device is taken down, another vehicle underwater escape device is replaced, and the second group of passengers escape according to the steps. In another example of the present disclosure, the base 1 may also be reused, and only a new escape capsule 2 needs to be installed on the base 1, for example, by bonding or fastening, which is not limited by the present disclosure.

Further, in an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of openings 51 may be opened in the vehicle roof 5 to allow a plurality of occupants to escape simultaneously.

According to the scheme, after a vehicle enters water, passengers only need to install the underwater escape device for the vehicle at the opening 51 of the vehicle ceiling 5, and can escape through the escape compartment 2 after the air pump 3 is started to expand the escape compartment 2, so that the whole escape operation process is simple, an escape channel can be quickly established under the condition that the passengers are in a hurry, and the practicability is high. In addition, entry 11 on the base 1 communicates with escape compartment 2, therefore the switching of emergency exit 4 can not lead to the car interior water entering outside the car, and when fleing, the back is opened to the opening 51 of vehicle ceiling 5, escape compartment 2 and base 1 also can cut off the space outside the car in the car, prevent that water from gushing into in the car, on the one hand, can provide the space of breathing under water for the passenger, increase survival and escape time, on the other hand, the gas in the car can slow down the sunken speed and the degree of depth of vehicle, has reduced the search and rescue degree of difficulty. In a word, through the vehicle underwater escape device, when water is prevented from flowing into a vehicle, passengers are carried to escape, and the escape probability is greatly improved.

In the disclosed embodiment, the base 1 is formed in a box shape having the bottom wall 12 and the side wall 13, and the escape capsule 2 is stored in the base 1 when being folded, so that the volume of the underwater escape device for the vehicle is reduced, and the underwater escape device is convenient to hide and place under a vehicle seat. The base 1 can be designed into a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a hexagon or other polygons, and the like, the disclosure does not limit the shape, and after the escape compartment 2 is folded in the base 1, the appearance surface of the whole vehicle underwater escape device is more regular and more convenient to store and place.

When escaping, the base 1 needs to be detachably fixed on the opening 51 of the vehicle ceiling 5, and as an example of the present disclosure, the base can be fixed by means of snap-in, specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 11, a limit flange 14 extending horizontally is formed on the upper edge of the side wall 13, the limit flange 14 is used for being snap-fixed with the opening 51 of the vehicle ceiling 5, a snap-in part formed around the periphery of the opening 51 is formed at the opening 51, and the limit flange 14 is snap-connected with the snap-in part, so that the structure is simple and the operability is high. It should be noted that, when the limiting flange 14 extends horizontally, the limiting flange 14 extends vertically, and may extend from the side wall 13 to the outer side of the base 1, or may extend inward, when the underwater escape device for a vehicle is installed at the opening 51 of the vehicle ceiling 5, which is not limited by the present disclosure.

Further, in order to facilitate the clamping, as shown in fig. 11, the limiting flange 14 and the clamping portion of the opening 51 may be formed with an inclined surface 141 which is engaged with each other, and the side wall 13 of the base 1 and/or the clamping portion have a certain elastic deformation capability, so that the limiting flange 14 is pushed to be clamped with the clamping portion by the inclined surface 141.

In addition, the joint of the limiting flange 14 and the side wall 13 is provided with a first sealing ring 15 to prevent water from permeating from the clamping joint.

In another example of the present disclosure, the base may be fixed at the opening in other manners, for example, a plurality of fastening holes are formed around the opening, and the base is fastened and fixed by a thumb screw, or a plurality of matching latch structures are formed on the opening and the sidewall of the base, and the fastening is achieved by a latch. Accordingly, to enhance the sealing performance, the first sealing ring may be disposed at the periphery of the opening and interposed between the pedestal and the vehicle ceiling.

In the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6, the bottom wall 12 includes the above-described entrance 11 into the escape compartment 2 and the tread portion 121 formed around the entrance 11. The inlet 11 may be formed at a middle position of the bottom wall 12, and the step portion 121 is formed around the inlet 11 at a periphery or both sides thereof; the bottom wall 12 may be divided into two half areas from the center, wherein one half area may be used for opening the inlet 11, and the other half area is formed as the step portion 121, which is not limited by the present disclosure.

As an example of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the escape door 4 includes a first door panel 41 and a second door panel 42, the base 1 is provided with a first linear sliding groove 46 and a second linear sliding groove 47 respectively located at two opposite sides of the entrance 11, the first door panel 41 is slidably fitted to the first linear sliding groove 46, and the second door panel 42 is slidably fitted to the second linear sliding groove 47, so that the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 slidably open or close the entrance 11. After the escape door 4 is opened, people can enter the escape compartment 2 from the entrance 11, then the escape door 4 is closed, and after the escape compartment 2 is separated from the base 1, the escape door 4 can prevent water from entering the vehicle.

In order to enhance the sealing property, the underwater escape device for vehicles may further include a second sealing ring 45, and the second sealing ring 45 is disposed between the escape door 4 and the base 1 and around the periphery of the entrance 11.

In the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the escape capsule 2 includes an entrance and exit 21, a film 22 and a frame 23, the entrance and exit 21 is disposed on the base 1 in alignment with the entrance 11, the film 22 is made of a flexible waterproof material, the film 22 covers the frame 23, the frame 23 is configured as a multi-link folding mechanism, the frame 23 includes an unfolded state in which the film 22 is expanded and unfolded toward the outside of the vehicle, and the frame 23 is used to support the film 22, and a folded state in which the film 22 and the frame 23 are folded onto the base 1.

As shown in fig. 3, the frame 23 may be made of metal, and has sufficient supporting strength to resist the pressure under water, and the respective links of the frame 23 are connected by the one-way rotating shaft 24, and after being spread, the one-way rotating shaft 24 rotates to the maximum angle, and can be automatically locked, so that the escape capsule 2 maintains the expanded shape, thereby enhancing the supporting strength of the escape capsule 2.

The cover film 22 is made of a flexible waterproof material, for example, the cover film 22 may be made by coating a waterproof coating layer on a fabric such as oxford, dacron, nylon, and spandex, wherein the waterproof coating layer may include a coating material such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polyurethane (PU), or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

The size of the escape compartment 2 is designed to be as large as possible so as to increase the buoyancy of the escape compartment 2 under water, and the escape compartment 2 can float out of the water surface with passengers, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

In addition, at least a part of the above-mentioned covering film 22 is formed to be transparent, for example, the transparent region can be made of plastic or the like, so that the passengers inside the escape compartment 2 can observe the external situation, and can call for help or escape by themselves in time if the passengers are found to be floating on the water.

After the passenger enters the escape compartment 2 and before the escape compartment 2 is separated, the entrance 21 and the exit 21 of the escape compartment 2 need to be closed, so that the safety of the escape compartment 2 in the floating process can be ensured. The access opening 21 of the escape capsule 2 can be constructed in different ways and correspondingly in different ways of sealing.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 5, 11 to 13, the entrance 21 is configured as an entrance 21 having elasticity, and is mainly made of the same material as the covering film 22, the closing surface of the first door panel 41 and the closing surface of the second door panel 42 are respectively fixed on the periphery of the entrance 21 to drive the entrance 21 to open or close, when the escape door 4 is opened, the entrance 21 is pulled due to the elasticity, and the passenger can enter the escape compartment 2, and when the escape door 4 is closed, the entrance 21 is contracted and completely closed along with the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42.

The first door panel 41 and/or the second door panel 42 are provided with a sealing device 6, the sealing device 6 is used for sealing the entrance/exit 21 when the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 are closed, and the sealing device 6 may be a hot-melt type or adhesive type sealing device, but is not limited thereto. For example, the sealing device 6 of a hot-melt type may be used, when the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 are closed, the sealing device 6 is automatically or manually triggered to generate heat by electricity, and then the inlet/outlet 21 between the closing surfaces of the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 is directly heated to reach a viscous flow state, and then pressurized to be sealed by adhesion, and then the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 are sealed by mechanical pressure.

Since the entrance 21 of the escape compartment 2 is fixedly connected to the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 before the opening is sealed, it is necessary to disconnect the exit from the escape door 4 after the entrance 21 is sealed, and based on this, in the present disclosure, the closing surface of the first door panel 41 and/or the closing surface of the second door panel 42 is further provided with the blade 7, and when the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 are closed, the blade 7 is used to cut off the connection between the entrance 21 and the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42.

Here, a groove 44 is formed at the joint of the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42, the sealing device 6 is disposed in the groove 44, the blade 7 is disposed below the sealing device 6, and the cutting edge thereof is located in the groove 44, and an elastic region 43 may be further formed on the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42, and the elastic region 43 is located below the blade 7. When the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 press the access 21, the elastic area 43 is compressed and deformed, the sealing device 6 is pressed and closed, and the cutting edge of the blade 7 protrudes out of the vertical surface of the elastic area 43 to cut off the access 21; when the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 are loosened by a little gap, the elastic region 43 is restored to the original shape, and the elastic regions 43 on the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 42 are still in the abutting state, so that water is prevented from entering the vehicle after the escape compartment 2 is separated.

In the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the underwater escape device for vehicles further includes a controller and a power supply (not shown in the figure), the power supply is electrically connected to the controller and the air pump 3, the controller includes a control chip 84 and an operation button, the operation button is electrically connected to the controller, and the control chip 84 is used for controlling the opening or closing of the escape door 4 and controlling the starting and stopping of the air pump 3 according to a signal generated by the operation button.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, a chamber 85 for accommodating a control chip 84 and a power supply is formed on the base 1, and the chamber 85 is closed by a cover 86 to hide the controller and the power supply, which are electrically connected to the controller, the air pump 3, the sealing device 6 and the escape door 4, within the base 1. The vehicle battery pack may be powered off after the vehicle enters water, and therefore, the power of the underwater escape device for vehicles and the power of the vehicle are independent of each other to ensure that the escape door 4 is normally opened and closed even after the power failure, and similarly, as shown in fig. 1, an emergency power source for starting the opening 51 to be opened and closed may be provided at the opening 51 of the roof 5 of the vehicle to normally open and close the opening 51 after the power failure.

The operation buttons include a plurality of operation buttons, as an example of the present disclosure, the operation buttons include a first operation button 81, a second operation button 82, and a third operation button 83, and the first operation button 81 and the second operation button 82 are disposed on an outer side wall of the base 1 to avoid interference with opening and closing of the escape door 4, but not limited thereto, and in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the first operation button 81 and the second operation button 82 may be disposed on the escape door 4 or on an outer side surface of the bottom wall 12 of the base 1. The first operation button 81 and the second operation button 82 are used to control the opening of the escape door 4 and the activation of the air pump 3, respectively, and the third operation button 83 is disposed above the base 1, and may be located, for example, on the inner side of the side wall 13 of the base 1 or on the stepping portion 121, and the escape door 4 may be controlled to be closed by the third operation button 83 after the passenger enters the escape compartment 2.

Further, the air pump 3 is fixed on the base 1, an inflation inlet (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the film 22 of the escape capsule 2, the air pump 3 inflates the escape capsule 2 through the inflation inlet of the escape capsule 2 to enable the escape capsule to expand, and a one-way valve can be arranged in the inflation inlet to prevent the air in the escape capsule 2 from flowing back from the inflation inlet. The inner side of the inflation inlet is provided with a plug capable of preventing water from entering, and when a passenger enters the escape compartment 2, the plug can be plugged to prevent water from entering and air from leaking in the floating process of the escape compartment 2.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle including the underwater escape device for a vehicle as described above.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. The underwater escape device for the vehicle is characterized by comprising a base (1), an escape cabin (2), an air pump (3) and an escape door (4), wherein the base (1) is used for being installed on the inner side of an opening (51) of a vehicle ceiling (5), an inlet (11) allowing a passenger to enter the escape cabin (2) is formed in the base (1), the escape door (4) is arranged at the inlet (11) of the base (1) and used for opening or closing the inlet (11), the escape cabin (2) is constructed into a compressed air bag structure and is detachably arranged on the base (1), and the air pump (3) is arranged on the base (1) and used for inflating the escape cabin (2) so that the escape cabin (2) expands and deploys outside the vehicle.

2. An underwater escape device for vehicle use according to claim 1, wherein the base (1) is formed in a box shape having a bottom wall (12) and a side wall (13), the escape compartment (2) is received in the base (1) when folded, an upper edge of the side wall (13) is formed with a horizontally extending position-restricting flange (14), the position-restricting flange (14) is for snap-fitting with the opening (51), and the bottom wall (12) includes the entrance (11) and a step portion (121) formed around the entrance (11).

3. An underwater escape device for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a first sealing ring (15) is provided at a junction of the position-limiting flange (14) and the side wall (13).

4. The underwater escape device for vehicle of claim 1, wherein the escape compartment (2) includes an entrance/exit (21), a covering film (22) and a frame (23), the entrance/exit (21) is aligned with the entrance (11) provided on the base (1), the covering film (22) is made of a flexible waterproof material, the covering film (22) is covered on the frame (23), the frame (23) is configured as a multi-link folding mechanism, the frame (23) includes an unfolded state in which the covering film (22) is expanded and unfolded toward the outside of the vehicle, and the frame (23) is used for supporting the covering film (22), and a folded state in which the covering film (22) and the frame (23) are folded onto the base (1).

5. An underwater escape device for vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the escape door (4) includes a first door panel (41) and a second door panel (42), the base (1) is provided with a first linear chute (46) and a second linear chute (47) respectively located at opposite sides of the entrance (11), the first door panel (41) is slidably fitted to the first linear chute (46), and the second door panel (42) is slidably fitted to the second linear chute (47), so that the first door panel (41) and the second door panel (42) slidably open or close the entrance (11).

6. An underwater escape device for vehicles according to claim 5, wherein the escape compartment (2) includes an entrance/exit (21), the entrance/exit (21) is configured as an elastic entrance/exit (21), the closing surface of the first door panel (41) and the closing surface of the second door panel (42) are respectively fixed on the periphery of the entrance/exit (21) to drive the entrance/exit (21) to open or close, a sealing device (6) is provided on the first door panel (41) and/or the second door panel (42), and the sealing device (6) is used for sealing the entrance/exit (21) when the first door panel (41) and the second door panel (42) are closed.

7. An underwater escape device for a vehicle according to claim 6, wherein a blade (7) is further disposed on the closed surface of the first door panel (41) and/or the closed surface of the second door panel (42), and when the first door panel (41) and the second door panel (42) are closed, the blade (7) is used for cutting off the connection between the access opening (21) and the first door panel (41) and the second door panel (42).

8. An underwater vehicle escape device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a second sealing ring (45), the second sealing ring (45) being disposed between the escape door (4) and the base (1) and being disposed around the periphery of the inlet (11).

9. The underwater escape device for vehicle of any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a controller and a power supply, wherein the power supply is electrically connected to the controller and the air pump (3), the controller comprises a control chip (84) and an operation button, the operation button is electrically connected to the controller, and the control chip (84) is used for controlling the escape door (4) to be opened or closed and controlling the air pump (3) to be started or stopped according to a signal generated by the operation button.

10. A vehicle comprising a vehicular underwater escape apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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