CN110726881A - Simulation method for inductive lightning and direct lightning - Google Patents
Simulation method for inductive lightning and direct lightning Download PDFInfo
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- CN110726881A CN110726881A CN201910927300.7A CN201910927300A CN110726881A CN 110726881 A CN110726881 A CN 110726881A CN 201910927300 A CN201910927300 A CN 201910927300A CN 110726881 A CN110726881 A CN 110726881A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0807—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by the application
- G01R29/0814—Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
- G01R29/0842—Measurements related to lightning, e.g. measuring electric disturbances, warning systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0892—Details related to signal analysis or treatment; presenting results, e.g. displays; measuring specific signal features other than field strength, e.g. polarisation, field modes, phase, envelope, maximum value
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation method of an induction mine and a direct lightning stroke, which relates to the technical field of the identification of the direct lightning stroke and the induction mine of a power transmission line, wherein a solution equation is established according to the transmission rule of electromagnetic waves, a simulation model is established according to an actual line, and traveling wave current coupled on the power transmission line by the induction mine is calculated through the solution equation to obtain a lightning stroke ground simulation technical model; dividing direct lightning simulation into lightning arrester simulation, lightning pole tower simulation and lightning conductor simulation; and respectively establishing an EMTP-ATP simulation model for lightning arrester simulation, lightning pole tower simulation and lightning conductor simulation, and carrying out simulation calculation on corresponding transmission line traveling wave current electromagnetic transient characteristics and characteristic analysis. And comparing the waveform monitored and recorded by the power transmission line monitoring device with the waveform characteristics of the lightning arrester, the lightning pole tower and the lightning conductor, so as to obtain the lightning strike condition of the power transmission line. Therefore, the inductive thunder and the direct lightning can be effectively simulated, and the data obtained by simulation is convenient for subsequent data processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of identification of direct lightning strikes and inductive lightning strikes of a power transmission line, in particular to a simulation method of inductive lightning strikes and direct lightning strikes.
Background
Lightning overvoltage is divided into direct lightning overvoltage and induced lightning overvoltage, wherein direct lightning means that lightning directly hits electrical equipment, circuits or buildings to cause strong lightning current to flow through the objects to cause overvoltage of the whole system; induced lightning means that in the process of discharging to the ground by thunderclouds, the electromagnetic field of the space around a discharge channel is changed rapidly, and induced overvoltage is generated on a nearby conductor.
The overvoltage caused by the induction lightning is divided into two components of electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction. In the pilot stage of lightning discharge, the line is in an electric field formed by the thundercloud, the pilot channel and the ground. The static induction field attracts positive charges on the wire to a section of the wire closest to the pilot channel as bound charges. The negative charges on the wires are repelled to move towards two sides and enter the earth through the line leakage conductance or the system neutral point, and because the average development speed of the pilot discharge is low, the accumulation speed of the bound charges is slow, and the wire current is also small. In the pilot discharge stage, although the wires have bound charges, the electric fields generated at various points on the wires are balanced with the electric field generated by the pilot negative charges, so that the wires are kept at a low potential. After the main discharge starts, the negative charges in the pilot channel are quickly neutralized, so that the positive charges on the lead are quickly released, voltage waves are formed and spread to two sides, the amplitude of the formed voltage waves can be very high due to the high average development speed of the main discharge, and the formed overvoltage is the electrostatic component of the induced overvoltage. In the main discharging process, along with lightning current shock waves, a strong pulse magnetic field appears around a discharging channel, and overvoltage is generated in a loop according to a Faraday electromagnetic induction theorem, namely an electromagnetic induction component of induced lightning overvoltage. Therefore, research into lightning induction and lightning stroke simulation is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simulation method of an induction mine and a direct lightning, thereby overcoming the defect that the simulation of the induction mine and the direct lightning is not available in the prior art.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a simulation method of an induction mine and a direct lightning, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an Agrawal equation according to an electromagnetic wave transmission rule, establishing a solution equation when the ground is an ideal ground, establishing a simulation model according to an actual line, and calculating traveling wave current coupled by an induction lightning on a transmission line through the solution equation to obtain a lightning strike ground simulation technology model;
s2, dividing direct lightning simulation into lightning arrester simulation, lightning pole tower simulation and lightning conductor simulation according to the characteristics of direct lightning;
s3, establishing an EMTP-ATP simulation model for lightning arrester simulation, lightning pole tower simulation and lightning conductor simulation respectively, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient characteristics of the traveling wave current of the power transmission line when the lightning conductor is struck by lightning, when the tower is struck by lightning and when the conductor is struck by lightning, performing characteristic analysis, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient characteristics of the traveling wave current of the power transmission line when the lightning conductor is struck by lightning, when the tower is struck by lightning and when the conductor is struck by lightning, and performing characteristic analysis;
and S4, comparing the waveform monitored and recorded by the power transmission line monitoring device with the waveform characteristics of the lightning arrester, the lightning tower and the lightning conductor obtained in the S3, so as to obtain the lightning strike condition of the power transmission line.
Further, the solution equation is:
in the formula (1) and the formula (2),
is the horizontal component of the incident electric field at height h along the direction of the wire; u. ofsca(x, t) is the scattering voltage: is the vertical component of the scattered electric field;
the total voltage of the transmission line is:
u(x,t)＝usca(x,t)+umc(x,t) (3)
the boundary conditions for solving the equation are:
usca(0,t)＝-Z1i(0,t)-umc(0,t) usca(L,t)＝Z2i(L,t)-umc(L,t) (4)。
further, the lightning arrester has the waveform characteristics that: the amplitude of the main wave and the first reflected wave of the traveling wave current are approximate, and the polarity is opposite.
Further, the lightning pole tower has the waveform characteristics that: the main wave of the traveling wave current is larger, and the reflected wave is quickly reduced.
Further, the waveform of the lightning conductor is characterized in that: the amplitude of the traveling wave current is large, the wave front is steep, and the wave tail is slow.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a simulation method of an induction mine and a direct lightning, which comprises the steps of establishing an Agrawal equation according to an electromagnetic wave transmission rule, establishing a solution equation when the ground is an ideal ground, establishing a simulation model according to an actual line, and calculating traveling wave current coupled by the induction mine on a transmission line through the solution equation to obtain a lightning strike ground simulation technical model; according to the characteristics of direct lightning, the direct lightning simulation is divided into lightning arrester simulation, lightning pole tower simulation and lightning conductor simulation; and the lightning arrester simulation, the lightning pole tower simulation and the lightning conductor simulation respectively simulate and calculate the electromagnetic transient characteristics of the traveling wave current of the power transmission line when the lightning conductor is struck by lightning, the pole tower is struck by lightning and the conductor is struck by lightning by establishing an EMTP-ATP simulation model, and carry out characteristic analysis. And comparing the waveform monitored and recorded by the power transmission line monitoring device with the waveform characteristics of the lightning arrester, the lightning tower and the lightning conductor obtained in the step S3, so as to obtain the lightning strike condition of the power transmission line. Therefore, the inductive thunder and the direct lightning can be effectively simulated, and the data obtained by simulation is convenient for subsequent data processing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a simulation method of an inductive lightning strike and a direct lightning strike according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a lightning strike earth simulation model of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a lightning strike earth simulation calculation model of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a lightning strike arrester wire simulation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of a lightning conductor measured by lightning of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a lightning tower simulation waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a measured waveform of the lightning tower of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a lightning strike conductor simulation waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of a measured lightning strike waveform for a conductor of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the simulation method of induction lightning and direct lightning provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, when the ground beside the transmission line is struck by lightning, traveling wave current can be generated on the transmission line due to the electromagnetic coupling effect, an Agrawal equation is established according to the transmission rule of electromagnetic waves, when the ground is ideal ground, a solution equation is established, in the embodiment, a simulation model is established according to the 220kV transmission line as shown in figure 2, the traveling wave current coupled on the transmission line by the induction lightning is calculated through the solution equation, and the lightning strike ground simulation technical model is obtained as shown in figure 3.
The solution equation is:
in the formula (1) and the formula (2),
is the horizontal component of the incident electric field at height h along the direction of the wire; u. ofsca(x, t) is the scattering voltage:
is the vertical component of the scattered electric field;
the total voltage of the transmission line is:
u(x,t)＝usca(x,t)+umc(x,t) (3)
the boundary conditions for solving the equation are:
usca(0,t)＝-Z1i(0,t)-umc(0,t) usca(L,t)＝Z2i(L,t)-umc(L,t) (4)。
according to the established Agrawal model (figure 2), under the condition that the loss of the power transmission line is not considered, the farther the induced lightning current point generated on the power transmission line is from the ground flashpoint, the larger the amplitude value is, and the amplitude value tends to be a fixed value after the distance exceeds a certain distance.
S2, dividing direct lightning simulation into lightning arrester simulation, lightning pole tower simulation and lightning conductor simulation according to the characteristics of direct lightning;
s3, establishing an EMTP-ATP simulation model for lightning arrester simulation, lightning pole tower simulation and lightning conductor simulation respectively, calculating electromagnetic transient characteristics of transmission line traveling wave current in lightning strike of the lightning conductor, the lightning pole tower and the lightning conductor in a simulation mode, carrying out characteristic analysis, calculating electromagnetic transient characteristics of the transmission line traveling wave current in lightning strike of the lightning conductor, the lightning pole tower and the lightning conductor in a simulation mode, and carrying out characteristic analysis.
And S4, comparing the waveform monitored and recorded by the power transmission line monitoring device with the waveform characteristics of the lightning arrester, the lightning pole tower and the lightning conductor obtained in the S3, so that the condition that the power transmission line is struck by lightning is obtained, and the follow-up inspection, maintenance and the like are facilitated.
And (3) establishing an EMTP-ATP simulation model to simulate and calculate the electromagnetic transient characteristics of the traveling wave current of the power transmission line when the lightning conductor is struck by lightning, and obtaining the electromagnetic transient characteristics by combining with the actual measurement waveform analysis of the lightning monument area shown in FIG. 5, wherein the magnitude of the main wave and the first reflected wave amplitude of the traveling wave current induced on the power transmission line after the lightning conductor is struck by lightning is approximate, the polarity is opposite, and the direction of the first reflected wave cannot be opposite.
An EMTP-ATP simulation model is established to simulate and calculate electromagnetic transient characteristics of the traveling wave current of the power transmission line when the tower is struck by lightning, as shown in a simulation waveform in figure 6, the main wave of the traveling wave current at the induction position on the power transmission line after the tower is struck by lightning is larger, the reflected wave is reduced quickly, and the reflected wave in the same direction can appear. And further comparing the data of the lightning positioning system according to the GPS clock (figure 7), and determining that the waveform recorded by the monitoring device is the lightning tower waveform.
Through an EMTP-ATP simulation lightning stroke conductor simulation model (as shown in figure 8), when lightning around a transmission line conductor, traveling wave current with large amplitude, steep wave front and slow wave tail is generated on the transmission line. As shown in fig. 9, the waveform of the corresponding characteristic is likewise captured in the operating field.
In conclusion, the simulation method for the induction mines and the direct lightning can effectively simulate the induction mines and the direct lightning, and data obtained by simulation are convenient for subsequent data processing.
The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or modifications within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A simulation method of induction mines and direct mines is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an Agrawal equation according to an electromagnetic wave transmission rule, establishing a solution equation when the ground is an ideal ground, establishing a simulation model according to an actual line, and calculating traveling wave current coupled by an induction lightning on a transmission line through the solution equation to obtain a lightning strike ground simulation technology model;
s2, dividing direct lightning simulation into lightning arrester simulation, lightning pole tower simulation and lightning conductor simulation according to the characteristics of direct lightning;
s3, establishing an EMTP-ATP simulation model for lightning arrester simulation, lightning pole tower simulation and lightning conductor simulation respectively, and performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient characteristics of the traveling wave current of the power transmission line during lightning conductor lightning stroke, tower lightning stroke and conductor lightning stroke, and performing characteristic analysis;
and S4, comparing the waveform monitored and recorded by the power transmission line monitoring device with the waveform characteristics of the lightning arrester, the lightning tower and the lightning conductor obtained in the S3, so as to obtain the lightning strike condition of the power transmission line.
2. The method for simulating an inductive lightning strike and a direct lightning strike according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solution equation is:
in the formula (1) and the formula (2),
is the horizontal component of the incident electric field at height h along the direction of the wire; u. ofsca(x, t) is the scattering voltage:
is the vertical component of the scattered electric field;
the total voltage of the transmission line is:
u(x,t)＝usca(x,t)+umc(x,t) (3)
the boundary conditions for solving the equation are:
usca(0,t)＝-Z1i(0,t)-umc(0,t) usca(L,t)＝Z2i(L,t)-umc(L,t) (4)。
3. the method for simulating an inductive lightning strike and a direct lightning strike according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lightning arrester is characterized by comprising the following waveform characteristics: the amplitude of the main wave and the first reflected wave of the traveling wave current are approximate, and the polarity is opposite.
4. The method for simulating an inductive lightning strike and a direct lightning strike according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lightning pole tower is characterized by comprising the following wave forms: the main wave of the traveling wave current is larger, and the reflected wave is quickly reduced.
5. The method for simulating an inductive lightning strike and a direct lightning strike according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lightning stroke conductor has the waveform characteristics that: the amplitude of the traveling wave current is large, the wave front is steep, and the wave tail is slow.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112069691A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 云南电网有限责任公司大理供电局 | Power distribution network direct lightning and inductive lightning identification method based on arrester action current frequency band analysis |
| CN112924763A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 国网河北省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Method for evaluating transient electric shock below high-voltage alternating-current transmission line |
| CN113406400A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-09-17 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method and system for measuring voltage and current characteristics of continuous lightning stroke along line |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN112924763A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 国网河北省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Method for evaluating transient electric shock below high-voltage alternating-current transmission line |
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| CN113406400A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-09-17 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method and system for measuring voltage and current characteristics of continuous lightning stroke along line |
| CN113406400B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-07-08 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method and system for measuring voltage and current characteristics of continuous lightning stroke along line |
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