CN110722368A

CN110722368A - Main shaft speed change mechanism of planer type milling machine

Info

Publication number: CN110722368A
Application number: CN201911099107.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余丕亮; 罗华; 杨东
Original assignee: Guangdong Run Star Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Run Star Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-12
Filing date: 2019-11-12
Publication date: 2020-01-24

Abstract

The invention discloses a planer type milling machine main shaft speed change mechanism, which comprises a ram and a main shaft, wherein a motor fixing seat is arranged on the ram, a motor is arranged on the motor fixing seat, a planetary reducer in transmission connection with the motor is arranged on the motor, an output shaft of the planetary reducer is sleeved with a driving synchronous wheel, a driven synchronous wheel is sleeved on the main shaft, the driving synchronous wheel and the driven synchronous wheel are connected through a synchronous belt, an encoder in transmission connection with the main shaft is also arranged on the ram, the encoder is electrically connected with the motor, the planetary reducer is driven through the motor, the planetary reducer enables the main shaft to rotate through the transmission of the synchronous belt, two gears in the planetary reducer are changed in speed, so that the main shaft meets the requirements of low-speed large torque or high-speed finish machining, in addition, the encoder feeds back signals of the number of rotating turns of the main shaft to the motor, and the motor compensates for, the rotating precision of the main shaft and the requirement of low-speed rigid tapping are ensured.

Description

Main shaft speed change mechanism of planer type milling machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a transmission mechanism of a milling machine main shaft, in particular to a speed change mechanism of a planer type milling machine main shaft.

Background

The transmission mechanism of the main shaft is one of important components of the numerical control milling machine, and the reasonable transmission mechanism of the main shaft is an important condition for ensuring the cutting capability of the machine tool.

The main shaft transmission mechanism in most existing numerical control gantry milling machines is usually connected with a motor directly or by adopting synchronous belt transmission at high rotating speed, which often results in limited rotating speed range and cutting torque range of the main shaft, if the main shaft needs low-speed high-torque tapping, a workpiece is usually transferred to another processing device to re-clamp and re-position the workpiece, which not only results in larger position tolerance of some processing characteristics of the workpiece and does not meet the high-precision processing requirement, but also can scratch the workpiece in the transfer process, therefore, the existing milling machines have the technical problem that the switching between low-speed high-torque and high-speed finish machining cannot be carried out, especially for a processing center, the single main shaft transmission mechanism using low-speed high-torque or high-speed finish machining not only has the disadvantage of higher cost, the equipment also occupies a large space.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the spindle speed change mechanism of the planer type milling machine, which has two-gear speed change, keeps high rotating speed of a synchronous belt, and has a simple transmission structure without backlash.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a planer type milling machine spindle speed change mechanism which comprises a ram, a bearing seat arranged on the ram and a spindle sleeved on the bearing seat, wherein a motor fixing seat is arranged on the ram, a motor is arranged on the motor fixing seat, a speed change mechanism in transmission connection with the motor is arranged on an output shaft of the motor, a driving synchronous wheel in fixed connection is sleeved on the speed change mechanism, a driven synchronous wheel in fixed connection is sleeved on the spindle, the driving synchronous wheel and the driven synchronous wheel are in transmission connection through a synchronous belt, an encoder in transmission connection with the spindle is further arranged on the ram, and the encoder is electrically connected with the motor.

Preferably, the ram is provided with a plurality of square holes.

Preferably, the encoder is a rotary encoder.

Preferably, the transmission mode of the encoder and the main shaft is synchronous belt transmission.

Preferably, the shaft end of the encoder is sleeved with a first synchronous wheel which is fixedly connected, the upper end of the main shaft is sleeved with a second synchronous wheel which is fixedly connected, and the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are connected through a second synchronous belt in a transmission mode.

Preferably, the ram is provided with a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat, and the main shaft is respectively sleeved in bearings of the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat.

Preferably, the second bearing seat is a stepped bearing seat.

Preferably, the speed change mechanism is a planetary speed reducer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention is provided with a ram, a bearing seat arranged on the ram and a main shaft sleeved on the bearing seat, wherein a motor fixing seat is arranged on the ram, a motor is arranged on the motor fixing seat, a planetary reducer in transmission connection with the motor is arranged on an output shaft of the motor, a driving synchronizing wheel is sleeved on an output shaft of the planetary reducer, a driven synchronizing wheel is sleeved on the main shaft, the driving synchronizing wheel and the driven synchronizing wheel are in transmission connection through a synchronous belt, the ram is also provided with an encoder in transmission connection with the main shaft, the encoder is electrically connected with the motor and drives the planetary reducer through the motor, the planetary reducer enables the main shaft to rotate through the transmission of the synchronous belt, two gears in the planetary reducer are changed in speed, so that the main shaft meets the requirements of low-speed large torque or high-speed finish machining, and the encoder can monitor the information of the number of rotation turns and the rotation speed, and the motor compensates the gear clearance error in the planetary reducer, the rotation precision of the main shaft is ensured, the main shaft does not slightly rotate reversely due to the clearance of gear transmission, and the requirement of low-speed rigid tapping is met.

The invention also provides a numerical control planer type milling machine, which comprises a portal frame, a linear module arranged on the portal frame and the planer type milling machine spindle speed change mechanism, wherein the planer type milling machine spindle speed change mechanism is arranged on the linear module.

Compared with the prior art, the numerical control planer type milling machine has the beneficial effects that: the high-speed fine machining device can meet the requirements of low-speed large torque and high-speed fine machining, meanwhile, the phenomenon of slight reverse rotation of the main shaft due to the gap of gear transmission can be avoided, and the requirement of low-speed rigid tapping is met.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a spindle speed change mechanism of a planer type milling machine, which comprises a ram 1, a bearing seat 09 fixed on the ram 1, and a spindle 2 sleeved on the bearing seat 09, wherein one side of the ram 1 is fixedly connected with a motor fixing seat 3, a motor 4 is fixed on the motor fixing seat 3, the motor 4 is preferably a servo motor, an output shaft of the motor 4 is provided with a speed change mechanism 5 in transmission connection with the motor 4, the speed change mechanism 5 is a planetary reducer, an output shaft of the planetary reducer is sleeved with a fixedly connected driving synchronizing wheel 6, the driving synchronizing wheel 6 is a stepped synchronizing wheel and is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the planetary reducer through a flat key, the spindle 2 is sleeved with a fixedly connected driven synchronizing wheel 7, the driven synchronizing wheel 7 is also a stepped synchronizing wheel and is fixedly connected with the spindle 2 through a flat key, the driving synchronizing wheel 6 is connected with the driven synchronizing wheel 7 through a synchronous belt 8 in a transmission mode, the synchronous belt has the advantages of low cost, convenience in assembly and no back clearance in the transmission process, the ram 1 is also provided with an encoder 9 in transmission connection with the spindle 2, the encoder 9 is electrically connected with the motor 4, the encoder 9 is a rotary encoder, the encoder 9 and the spindle 2 are in synchronous belt transmission, the shaft end of the encoder 9 is sleeved with a first synchronizing wheel 91 fixedly connected, the first synchronizing wheel 91 is fixedly connected with the shaft end of the encoder 9 through a jackscrew, the upper end of the spindle 2 is sleeved with a second synchronizing wheel 21 fixedly connected, the second synchronizing wheel 21 is fixedly connected with the spindle 2 through a jackscrew, the first synchronizing wheel 91 is connected with the second synchronizing wheel 21 through a second synchronous belt 22 in a transmission mode, and no back clearance exists in the transmission process of the synchronous belt, therefore, the encoder 9 can accurately receive the information of the number of rotations and the rotating speed of the spindle 2 and feed back the information to the motor 4.

Specifically, the ram 1 is provided with a plurality of square holes 11, the square holes 11 are used for reducing the overall weight of the main shaft speed change mechanism and reducing the inertia of the speed change mechanism, on the premise of ensuring that the speed change mechanism has enough rigidity, the speed change mechanism is ensured to have high response speed when starting or stopping horizontal movement, the load required by a driving motor is reduced, and the overall volume of the milling machine is reduced as much as possible.

Furthermore, the ram 1 is provided with a first bearing seat 09 and a second bearing seat 091, the middle part of the main shaft 2 is sleeved on the inner ring of the first bearing seat 09 to rotate, the lower end of the main shaft 2 is sleeved on the inner ring of the second bearing seat 091 to rotate, the second bearing seat 091 is a step bearing seat, the second bearing seat 091 is fixed on the lower end face of the ram 1 through a step flange, the step flange end face of the second bearing seat 091 and the lower end face of the ram 1 both need to ensure good plane precision, and the lower end face of the ram 1 needs to ensure the verticality in the axial direction of the main shaft 2 during processing.

During operation, drive planetary reducer 5 through motor 4, planetary reducer 5 makes main shaft 2 make rotary motion through synchronous belt drive, wherein planetary reducer 5 is inside for the gear variable speed of two fender, make main shaft 2 satisfy the big moment of torsion of low-speed or the high-speed finish machining's demand, encoder 9 can the information of the number of revolutions and the rotational speed of real-time supervision main shaft 2 in addition, encoder 9 feeds back the signal of the number of revolutions of main shaft to motor 4, motor 4 compensates the gear clearance error in planetary reducer 5, the rotation precision of main shaft 2 has been guaranteed, and the demand of low-speed rigidity tapping.

Example two

The invention also provides a numerical control planomiller, which comprises a portal frame 01, a linear module 02 arranged on the portal frame 01 and the planomiller main shaft speed change mechanism, wherein the planomiller main shaft speed change mechanism is arranged on the linear module 02, the planomiller can meet the requirements of low-speed large torque and high-speed finish machining at the same time, and the main shaft cannot slightly rotate reversely due to the gap of gear transmission, so that the requirement of low-speed rigid tapping is met.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gantry milling machine spindle speed change mechanism comprises a ram (1), a bearing seat (09) arranged on the ram (1) and a spindle (2) sleeved on the bearing seat (09), and is characterized in that a motor fixing seat (3) is arranged on the ram (1), a fixedly connected motor (4) is arranged on the motor fixing seat (3), a speed change mechanism (5) in transmission connection with the motor (4) is arranged on an output shaft of the motor (4), a driving synchronous wheel (6) in fixed connection is sleeved on the speed change mechanism (5), a driven synchronous wheel (7) in fixed connection is sleeved on the spindle (2), the driving synchronous wheel (6) and the driven synchronous wheel (7) are in transmission connection through a synchronous belt (8), an encoder (9) in transmission connection with the spindle (2) is further arranged on the ram (1), the encoder (9) is electrically connected with the motor (4).

2. A milling planer main shaft speed change mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the ram (1) is provided with a plurality of square holes (11).

3. A milling planer spindle speed change mechanism according to claim 1 wherein the encoder (9) is a rotary encoder.

4. A milling planer main shaft speed change mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the encoder (9) and the main shaft (2) are driven by a synchronous belt.

5. A milling planer main shaft speed change mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the shaft end of the encoder (9) is sleeved with a fixedly connected first synchronous wheel (91), the upper end of the main shaft (2) is sleeved with a fixedly connected second synchronous wheel (21), and the first synchronous wheel (91) and the second synchronous wheel (21) are in transmission connection through a second synchronous belt (22).

6. A milling planer main shaft speed change mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the ram (1) is provided with a first bearing seat (09) and a second bearing seat (091), and the main shaft (2) is respectively sleeved in the bearings of the first bearing seat (09) and the second bearing seat (091).

7. A milling planer spindle speed change mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the second bearing block (091) is a stepped bearing block.

8. A milling planer spindle speed change mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed change mechanism (5) is a planetary reducer.

9. A numerical control planomiller is characterized by comprising a portal frame (01), a linear module (02) arranged on the portal frame (01) and the planomiller spindle speed change mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the planomiller spindle speed change mechanism is arranged on the linear module (02).