CN110718935A - 虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制*** - Google Patents

虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制*** Download PDF

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CN110718935A
CN110718935A CN201911081094.9A CN201911081094A CN110718935A CN 110718935 A CN110718935 A CN 110718935A CN 201911081094 A CN201911081094 A CN 201911081094A CN 110718935 A CN110718935 A CN 110718935A
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module
energy storage
output end
wind
converter
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颜景斌
李臣伟
郭梦暄
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及储能控制技术领域，具体的说是涉及虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***。基于该风光互补储能控制***包括：电网、保护模块、虚拟同步发电机、光伏发电模块、风力发电模块、储能电池模块、DC/DC变换器、AC/DC变换器、PWM控制模块、PLL模块、微控制器1、微控制器2、比较模块1、比较模块2、功率检测模块1、功率检测模块2。发明可将光能和风能储存到储能电池中也可以直接将光能和风能投入到电网中使用或将储能电池投入到电网中使用，当虚拟同步发电机出现问题时所述的保护模块可以将电网与虚拟同步发电机断开提高***的安全性能也降低了对电网的损害。

Description

虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***
技术领域
本发明涉及储能控制技术领域，具体的说是涉及虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***。
背景技术
在世界能源日趋紧张、传统能源储量日益枯竭新能源的间歇性、随机性，如何高效利用风能、太阳能等清洁能源以及实现能量高效回收、提高能源利用效率成为热点研究问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，以改善在风光互补储能和利用效率方面出现的问题。
本发明采取以下技术方案来实现：一种虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，该***包括：电网、保护模块、虚拟同步发电机、光伏发电模块、风力发电模块、储能电池模块、DC/DC变换器、AC/DC变换器、PWM控制模块、PLL模块、微控制器1、微控制器2、比较模块1、比较模块2、功率检测模块1、功率检测模块2，所述的虚拟同步发电机的输出端与保护模块和PLL模块相连；所述的保护模块的输出端与电网相连；所述的PLL模块的输出端与比较模块2相连；所述的比较模块2的输出端与微控制器2相连；所述的微控制器2的输出端与保护模块相连；所述的光伏发电模块的输出端与DC/DC变换器相连；所述的DC/DC变换器的输出端与储能电池模块和虚拟同步发电机相连；所述的储能电池模块的输出端与DC/DC变换器相连；所述的风力发电模块的输出端与AC/DC变换器相连；所述的AC/DC变换器的输出端与储能电池模块和虚拟同步发电机相连；所述的功率检测模块1的输出端与比较模块1和光伏发电模块相连；所述的功率检测模块2的输出端与比较模块1和风力发电模块相连；所述的比较模块1的输出端与微控制器1相连；所述的微控制器1的输出端与PWM控制模块相连；所述的PWM控制模块的输出端与DC/DC变换器和AC/DC变换器相连。
本发明的一步优化，所述的保护模块可通过PLL模块得到的虚拟同步发电机的输出电压幅值和频率判断***是否需要保护。
本发明的一步优化，所述的比较模块1可以比较光伏发电模块和风力发电模块的输出功率来判断是光伏发电模块投入电网还是风力发电模块投入电网或是否需要储能电池向电网传输能量。
本发明的一步优化，所述的DC/DC变换器采用的是以LLC谐振型变换器为基础的电流型双向DC/DC变换器来对储能进行管理，该变换器具有高增益、电流纹波小、效率高等优势，适用于作为新能源发电***的电力电子接口。
本发明的一步优化，所述的AC/DC变换器采用的是桥式整流的AC/DC变换器进行整流和输出能量，这种整流电路拥有不输全波整流电路的能量利用效率，又克服了全波整流电路的诸多弊端。
本发明的一步优化，所述的微控制器1和微控制器2分别控制PWM控制模块和保护模块来对***进行储能管理和保护。
本发明的有益效果：本发明可以通过比较光伏发电模块和风力发电模块的输出功率的多少来决定是否将光伏发电和风力发电投入电网和决定储能电池的充放电状态；同时也可以根据光伏发电模块和风力发电模块的输出功率的多少来选择光伏发电还是风力发电对储能电池进行充电，提高***对光能和风能的利用率和对储能电池的充电效率；所述的PLL模块检测出电压或频率异常时可通过保护模块来保护电路减少不必要的损耗。
附图说明
为更清楚的说明本发明所提的虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
图1为本发明实施例提供的虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例提供的PLL模块的原理图。
图3为本发明实施例提供的以LLC谐振型变换器为基础的电流型双向DC/DC变换器的原理图。
图4为本发明实施例提供的桥式整流的AC/DC变换器的原理图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例并参照附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
结合图1说明本实施方式，本发明实施例所述的是虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，该***包括：电网、保护模块、虚拟同步发电机、光伏发电模块、风力发电模块、储能电池模块、DC/DC变换器、AC/DC变换器、PWM控制模块、PLL模块、微控制器1、微控制器2、比较模块1、比较模块2、功率检测模块1、功率检测模块2，所述的虚拟同步发电机的输出端与保护模块和PLL模块相连；所述的保护模块的输出端与电网相连；所述的PLL模块的输出端与比较模块2相连；所述的比较模块2的输出端与微控制器2相连；所述的微控制器2的输出端与保护模块相连；所述的光伏发电模块的输出端与DC/DC变换器相连；所述的DC/DC变换器的输出端与储能电池模块和虚拟同步发电机相连；所述的储能电池模块的输出端与DC/DC变换器相连；所述的风力发电模块的输出端与AC/DC变换器相连；所述的AC/DC变换器的输出端与储能电池模块和虚拟同步发电机相连；所述的功率检测模块1的输出端与比较模块1和光伏发电模块相连；所述的功率检测模块2的输出端与比较模块1和风力发电模块相连；所述的比较模块1的输出端与微控制器1相连；所述的微控制器1的输出端与PWM控制模块相连；所述的PWM控制模块的输出端与DC/DC变换器和AC/DC变换器相连。该***通过比较光伏发电和风力发电的输出功率的多少，来对电网进行能量的传输和对储能电池的充放电状态进行管理大大的提高了对太阳能和风能的利用率和储能电池的储能效率；并且该***通过加入保护模块对虚拟同步发电机和电网进行保护大大的提升了***的安全性；同时***采用的LLC谐振型变换器为基础的电压型双向DC/DC变换器和桥式整流的AC/DC变换器提升了***中能量的传递效率。
结合图1、2、3、4说明本发明实施方式，本发明实施例的工作原理：
当比较模块1比较光伏发电模块的输出功率大于风力发电模块的输出功率和设定功率值时，微控制器1控制光伏发电模块向电网输送功率，控制风力发电模块向储能电池充电。
当比较模块1比较风力发电模块的输出功率大于光伏发电模块的输出功率和设定功率值时，微控制器1控制风力发电模块向电网输送功率，控制光伏发电模块向储能电池充电。
当比较模块1比较光伏发电模块的输出功率和风力发电模块的输出功率都小于设定功率值时，微控制器1控制储能电池模块向电网输送功率。
若PLL模块检测出的电压的幅值和频率长时间处于电网可允许的范围外，则通过微控制器2驱动保护模块关断***与电网的连接进而对***和电网起到保护作用。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，但并非用以限定发明，对于熟悉本领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内都可以做各种改动和修饰，因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。

Claims (6)

1.虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，其特征是所述的虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***包括：电网、保护模块、虚拟同步发电机、光伏发电模块、风力发电模块、储能电池模块、DC/DC变换器、AC/DC变换器、PWM控制模块、PLL模块、微控制器1、微控制器2、比较模块1、比较模块2、功率检测模块1、功率检测模块2，虚拟同步发电机的输出端与保护模块和PLL模块相连，保护模块的输出端与电网相连，PLL模块的输出端与比较模块2相连，比较模块2的输出端与微控制器2相连，微控制器2的输出端与保护模块相连，光伏发电模块的输出端与DC/DC变换器相连，DC/DC变换器的输出端与储能电池模块和虚拟同步发电机相连，储能电池模块的输出端与DC/DC变换器相连，风力发电模块的输出端与AC/DC变换器相连，AC/DC变换器的输出端与储能电池模块和虚拟同步发电机相连，功率检测模块1的输出端与比较模块1和光伏发电模块相连，功率检测模块2的输出端与比较模块1和风力发电模块相连，比较模块1的输出端与微控制器1相连，微控制器1的输出端与PWM控制模块相连，PWM控制模块的输出端与DC/DC变换器和AC/DC变换器相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，其特征是：所述的保护模块可通过PLL模块得到的虚拟同步发电机的输出电压幅值和频率判断***是否需要保护。
3.根据权利要求1所述的虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，其特征是：所述的比较模块1可以比较光伏发电模块和风力发电模块的输出功率来判断是光伏发电模块投入电网还是风力发电模块投入电网或是否需要储能电池向电网传输能量。
4.根据权利要求1所述的虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，其特征是：所述的DC/DC变换器采用的是以LLC谐振型变换器为基础的电流型双向DC/DC 变换器来对储能进行管理。
5.根据权利要求1所述的虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，其特征是：所述的AC/DC变换器采用的是桥式整流的AC/DC变换器进行整流和输出能量。
6.根据权利要求1所述的虚拟同步发电机的风光互补储能控制***，其特征是：所述的微控制器1和微控制器2分别控制PWM控制模块和保护模块来对***进行储能管理和保护。
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