CN110707706B - Power transmission network planning method and system based on line power flow distribution - Google Patents
Power transmission network planning method and system based on line power flow distribution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transmission network planning method and system based on line tide distribution. The method comprises the following steps: determining a power grid structure of a power transmission grid to be planned; calculating a line tide entropy of the power grid structure; the line load flow entropy comprises a line load rate load flow entropy, a line active loss rate load flow entropy and a line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy; calculating the balance factor of the power transmission network to be planned by adopting a mean square error method according to the line load flow entropy; establishing a multi-objective planning model according to the balance factor and the cost of the power transmission network to be planned; the multi-objective planning model comprises an equal line load flow balance objective function and a lowest cost objective function; solving the multi-target planning model by adopting a multi-target bacterial chemotaxis algorithm to obtain an optimal solution; the optimal solution is an optimal line planning result of the power transmission network to be planned. By adopting the method or the system provided by the invention, the power failure probability can be reduced, and the reliable and stable operation of the power grid can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission network planning, in particular to a power transmission network planning method and system based on line tide distribution.
Background
In recent years, research on source network charges and plant networks is relatively mature, but the research on the pertinence of a pure power grid is relatively weak. The power grid plays an important role in the operation of the power system, not only purchases electricity for the power grid company, but also supplies power for users, and the power grid needs planning research to be carried out to keep safe, reliable and stable operation. The power transmission network planning and the power distribution network planning are two major directions forming the power transmission network planning, wherein the power transmission network is a main network of a large power grid, a power supply and a load are connected in the power grid, and the planning result directly influences the normal work of the power distribution network and the benefit of the load side, so that the planning research considering the power transmission network has practical significance.
At present, the common power transmission network planning mostly takes economy as a single target, along with the development of an electric power market, the power transmission network structure is more and more complex, the requirement of users on the power grid is higher and higher, and the network taking economy as the single target does not meet the requirements of the market and the users any more, so the power transmission network planning of multiple objective functions is generated, the requirement of a complex network is better met, the stable power supply capacity and the high-quality power supply quality are ensured, and the power transmission network planning method is more suitable for the development of the current power grid.
Very few stable line operations are considered in power transmission network planning, and the complicated and complicated power transmission network line flow distribution situation is a main reason for influencing the normal power supply of the power transmission network. When the system is subjected to disturbance or fault, the problems of intermittent power supply, equipment damage and the like are caused, the problems are related to the line power flow distribution condition, the power flow distribution height is uneven, and the probability of power failure accidents is increased. Therefore, how to reduce the outage probability and ensure the reliable and stable operation of the power grid becomes the current problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the power outage probability, it is necessary to provide a power transmission network planning method and system based on line power flow distribution so as to reduce the power outage probability and ensure the reliable and stable operation of the power transmission network.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a transmission grid planning method based on line power flow distribution, comprising:
determining a power grid structure of a power transmission grid to be planned; the power grid structure is determined by network parameters and node parameters; the network parameters comprise the number of the first node of each line, the number of the last node of each line, unit reactance, maximum tide, the number of the existing lines, the number of lines to be selected and the length of the lines; the node parameters comprise power generation capacity and load capacity;
calculating a line tide entropy of the power grid structure; the line load flow entropy comprises a line load rate load flow entropy, a line active loss rate load flow entropy and a line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy;
calculating the balance factor of the power transmission network to be planned by adopting a mean square error method according to the line load flow entropy;
establishing a multi-objective planning model according to the balance factor and the cost of the power transmission network to be planned; the multi-objective planning model comprises a line load flow balance degree objective function and a cost minimum objective function;
solving the multi-target planning model by adopting a multi-target bacterial chemotaxis algorithm to obtain an optimal solution; and the optimal solution is an optimal line planning result of the power transmission network to be planned.
Optionally, the calculating the line load flow entropy of each line in the power grid structure specifically includes:
calculating the load rate load flow entropy of the lines according to the load rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 1 The load rate and the load flow entropy of the line are represented, N represents the total number of the lines in the power grid structure, and L i Representing the line load rate of the i-th line,
a balance degree representing a line load rate of the ith line;
calculating the line active loss rate tide entropy according to the line active loss rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, P i,loss Indicating the line active loss rate of the i-th line,
a balance degree indicating a line active loss rate of the i-th line;
calculating the transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line according to the transmission efficiency of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 3 Flow entropy, eta representing transmission efficiency of line i Representing the line power transmission efficiency of the ith line,
and the balance degree of the transmission efficiency of the ith line is represented.
Optionally, calculating the equalization factor of the power transmission network to be planned by using a mean square error method according to the line load flow entropy, which specifically includes:
calculating the weight of the line load flow entropy by adopting a mean square error method, wherein the weight comprises the weight of the line load rate load flow entropy, the weight of the line active loss rate load flow entropy and the weight of the line transmission efficiency load flow entropy,
wherein W is 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weight sigma representing power transmission efficiency trend entropy of line 1 Mean square error and sigma representing load flow entropy of line load rate 2 Mean square error sigma representing flow entropy of active loss rate of line 3 The mean square error of the power flow entropy of the transmission efficiency of the line is represented;
calculating the balance factor of the power transmission network to be planned according to the line tide entropy and the weight,
J＝W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 ，
wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 And (5) representing the power transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line.
Optionally, the establishing a multi-objective planning model according to the balance factor and the cost of the power transmission network to be planned specifically includes:
constructing a line tide balance objective function by taking the balance factor as the maximum target
max J＝max(W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 )，
Wherein J represents the gauge to be usedDividing the balance factor of the transmission network, W 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weights representing transmission efficiency tide entropy of line, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 The power flow entropy of the transmission efficiency of the line is represented;
constructing a cost-minimum objective function with a cost-minimum objective function
min F 1 ＝C 1 +C 2 +C 3 ，
Wherein C is 1 Representing the cost of the newly built line C 2 Representing the running maintenance cost of the power grid, C 3 Representing the net cost.
Optionally, constraint conditions of the multi-objective planning model include upper and lower limit constraint of active output of a line, constraint of number of newly built lines, constraint of number of newly built line loops between two nodes, constraint of investment cost of a power grid, constraint of balance of node power, constraint of network loss and constraint of node phase angle.
The invention also provides a transmission network planning system based on line tide distribution, which comprises:
the power grid structure determining module is used for determining the power grid structure of the power transmission network to be planned; the power grid structure is determined by network parameters and node parameters; the network parameters comprise the number of the first node of each line, the number of the last node of each line, unit reactance, maximum tide, the number of the existing lines, the number of lines to be selected and the length of the lines; the node parameters comprise power generation capacity and load capacity;
the power flow entropy calculation module is used for calculating the line power flow entropy of the power grid structure; the line load flow entropy comprises a line load rate load flow entropy, a line active loss rate load flow entropy and a line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy;
the balance degree factor calculation module is used for calculating the balance degree factor of the power transmission network to be planned by adopting a mean square error method according to the line load flow entropy;
the objective function construction module is used for establishing a multi-objective planning model according to the balance factor and the cost of the power transmission network to be planned; the multi-objective planning model comprises a line load flow balance degree objective function and a cost minimum objective function;
the solution planning module is used for solving the multi-target planning model by adopting a multi-target bacterial chemotactic algorithm to obtain an optimal solution; and the optimal solution is an optimal line planning result of the power transmission network to be planned.
Optionally, the load flow entropy calculation module specifically includes:
a first calculating unit, configured to calculate a line load rate load entropy according to line load rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 1 The load rate and the load flow entropy of the line are represented, N represents the total number of the lines in the power grid structure, and L i Representing the line load rate of the i-th line,
a balance degree representing a line load rate of the ith line;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the line active loss rate tide entropy according to the line active loss rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, P i,loss Indicating the line active loss rate of the i-th line,
a balance degree indicating a line active loss rate of the i-th line;
a third calculation unit, configured to calculate a line transmission efficiency load flow entropy according to line transmission efficiencies of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 3 Flow entropy, eta representing transmission efficiency of line i Represents the transmission efficiency, eta of the ith line i And the balance degree of the transmission efficiency of the ith line is represented.
Optionally, the equalization factor calculating module specifically includes:
a weight calculation unit for calculating the weight of the line load flow entropy by adopting a mean square error method, wherein the weight comprises the weight of the line load rate load flow entropy, the weight of the line active loss rate load flow entropy and the weight of the line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy,
wherein W is 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weight sigma representing power transmission efficiency trend entropy of line 1 Mean square error and sigma representing load flow entropy of line load rate 2 Mean square error sigma representing flow entropy of active loss rate of line 3 The mean square error of the power flow entropy of the transmission efficiency of the line is represented;
a balance factor calculating unit for calculating the balance factor of the power transmission network to be planned according to the line load flow entropy and the weight,
J＝W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 ，
wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 And (5) representing the power transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line.
Optionally, the objective function construction module specifically includes:
a first objective function construction unit for constructing a line tide balance objective function with the balance factor as a maximum target
max J＝max(W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 )，
Wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, W 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weights representing transmission efficiency tide entropy of line, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 The power flow entropy of the transmission efficiency of the line is represented;
a second objective function constructing unit for constructing the lowest cost objective function with the lowest cost objective function
min F 1 ＝C 1 +C 2 +C 3 ，
Wherein C is 1 Representing the cost of the newly built line C 2 Representing the running maintenance cost of the power grid, C 3 Representing the net cost.
Optionally, constraint conditions of the multi-objective planning model constructed by the objective function construction module include upper and lower limit constraint of active output of a line, constraint of newly built road number, constraint of newly built line loop number between two nodes, constraint of investment cost of a power grid, constraint of node power balance, constraint of network loss and constraint of node phase angle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a power transmission network planning method and system based on line power flow distribution, and provides a method for measuring the balance of the overall distribution of power flow of a power transmission line by using a balance factor, so that line fluctuation is reduced, and the reliability and stability of power grid operation are improved; analyzing the problem of line load distribution from three aspects of line load rate, line active loss rate and line power transmission efficiency, introducing load entropy to reflect the fluctuation of the line, taking the load entropy of each of the line load rate, the line active loss rate and the line power transmission efficiency as an index for evaluating the uniformity of the line load distribution into a power grid plan, and enabling the load rate, the active loss rate and the power transmission efficiency distribution on the power grid line to be balanced as much as possible, thereby establishing a power grid multi-objective planning model comprehensively considering the power grid economy and the line load distribution balance, wherein the model has the economy and the load balance, and ensures the power quality of the system in the transmission process and the reliability and stability of power supply to users.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for planning a power transmission network based on line flow distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a solution using a multi-target bacterial chemotactic algorithm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a system diagram of an IEEE18 node distribution network in a simulation analysis example of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power transmission network planning system based on line power flow distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a power transmission network planning method based on line power flow distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a transmission network planning method based on line power flow distribution according to an embodiment includes:
step S1: and determining the grid structure of the power transmission grid to be planned.
The power grid structure is determined by network parameters and node parameters; the network parameters comprise the number of the first node of each line, the number of the last node of each line, unit reactance, maximum tide, the number of the existing lines, the number of lines to be selected and the length of the lines; the node parameters include power generation capacity and load capacity.
Step S2: calculating a line tide entropy of the power grid structure; the line load flow entropy comprises a line load rate load flow entropy, a line active loss rate load flow entropy and a line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy.
The step S2 specifically includes:
21 Calculating the load rate load flow entropy of the circuit according to the load rates of all circuits in the power grid structure.
The line load rate and load flow entropy can reflect the variation degree of the line load rate and the distribution condition of the line load flow, and firstly calculate the line load rate L of the ith line i ，L i Is the ratio of the actual line output load to the total line delivered power,
wherein P is i,d Is the actual output load of the ith line, P i,s Is the total power delivered for the ith line.
Defining the degree of balance of line load rates for the ith line
For the ratio of single-line load rate to total line load rate,
wherein N represents the total number of lines in the power grid structure.
Calculating load rate and tide entropy of line
Wherein,,
when the load rates on each line are equal, i.e. the load rates reach full equilibrium,
the entropy of the corresponding line load rate trend tends to a maximum value of 1, which is a function of increasing and decreasing, when +.>
When the load flow entropy value is closer to 1 of N, the load flow entropy value is larger, so that the distribution of the load rate on the line is more concentrated, the variation degree of the load rate of the line is smaller, the balance degree of the load flow distribution of the line of the power transmission network is higher, and the line is less prone to fluctuation; conversely, the worse the line flow balance, the greater the probability of grid failure.
22 Calculating the line active loss rate tide entropy according to the line active loss rates of all lines in the power grid structure.
The variation degree of the active loss rate of the power transmission line and the line power flow distribution condition can be reflected by the line active loss rate power flow entropy, and the line active loss rate P of the ith line is calculated firstly i,loss ，P i,loss Is the ratio of the amount of active loss on a line to the total power delivered on that line,
P i,l is the active loss on the ith line; p (P) i,s Is the total power delivered for the ith line.
Defining the equalization of the line active loss rate of the ith line
For the ratio of single line active loss rate to all line active loss rates,
calculating the power loss rate load flow entropy of the line
Wherein, is provided with
When the active loss rates on each line are consistent, i.e. the line active loss rates tend to be fully equalized,
the trend entropy of the corresponding active loss rate tends to the maximum value of 1, at the moment, the variation degree of the active loss rate of the circuit is minimum, and the trend equilibrium degree of the circuit is high; when->
Far away from->
When a is 2 The power flow balance of the line is poor, the line is easy to fluctuate, and the running stability and the power supply reliability of the power grid are low.
23 Calculating the transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line according to the transmission efficiency of all lines in the power grid structure.
The power flow entropy of the power transmission efficiency of the line is also one of indexes for measuring the balance of the power flow distribution of the line, and the power transmission efficiency eta of the ith line i By the actual negative output on the ith lineThe ratio of the load to the rated capacity of the line,
P i,d is the actual output load of the ith line; p (P) i,e Is the rated capacity of the ith line.
Defining the degree of equalization of line transmission efficiency for the ith line
Is the ratio of single-line transmission efficiency to the total transmission efficiency of all lines,
calculating the entropy of power transmission efficiency tide
Wherein, is provided with
When the transmission efficiency on each line is the same, i.e. the line transmission efficiency tends to be perfectly balanced,
the corresponding power transmission efficiency trend entropy tends to be the maximum value 1, at the moment, the variation degree of the power transmission efficiency is minimum, the line trend equilibrium degree is the highest, and the line is less prone to faults; when->
Far away from->
When a is 3 The power transmission efficiency is distributed in a scattered way, and the circuit is reducedThe flow balancing performance is reduced.
Step S3: and calculating the balance factor of the power transmission network to be planned by adopting a mean square error method according to the line load flow entropy.
The line load rate, the line active loss rate and the power transmission efficiency are all factors influencing the uniform distribution of the power flow of the power transmission line, when the load rate on each line tends to be completely equal, the line load rate tends to be in a completely balanced state, the power flow entropy tends to be maximum, the variation degree of the load rate is minimum, the more balanced the line power flow distribution is, the lines are not easy to fluctuate, and therefore the stability of the system is better; when the active loss rate of each line tends to be equal and the transmission efficiency of each line tends to be equal, the line power flow distribution tends to be balanced; therefore, the weighted sum of the line load rate load entropy, the line active loss rate load entropy and the transmission efficiency load entropy is used for evaluating the balance of the overall distribution of the transmission network line load, and is defined as a power grid balance factor in the application.
The grid equalization factor is expressed as:
J＝W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3
wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 And (5) representing the power transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line.
The step S3: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
31 The weight of the line load flow entropy is calculated by adopting a mean square error method, and the weight comprises the weight of the line load rate load flow entropy, the weight of the line active loss rate load flow entropy and the weight of the line transmission efficiency load flow entropy.
The mean square error method determines the index weight according to the discrete degree, and in the embodiment, the smaller the discrete degree of the specified line load rate load flow entropy, the line active loss rate load flow entropy and the transmission efficiency load flow entropy is, the larger the weights corresponding to the three indexes are, and the specific process is as follows:
taking a line load rate as an example, the mean value and the mean square error of the load flow entropy of the line load rate are respectively as follows:
j is the j-th power grid to be planned; a set of n-bit power grids to be planned; a, a j,1 A, line load rate load flow entropy of the j-th power grid to be planned, a j,1 ∈a 1 ；
The load factor load flow entropy is the average value; sigma (sigma) 1 And the mean square error of load rate load flow entropy is obtained. />
In the same way, the processing method comprises the steps of,
σ 2 is the mean square error of the load flow entropy of the active loss rate; />
σ 3 Is the mean square error of the power transmission efficiency tide entropy.
The weights are therefore respectively:
wherein W is 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 And (5) representing the weight of the transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line.
32 According to the line tide entropy and the weight, calculating the balance factor of the power transmission network to be planned, wherein the balance factor of the j-th power transmission network to be planned is as follows:
J j ＝W 1 a j,1 +W 2 a j,2 +W 3 a j,3
J j is the balance factor of the J-th power grid to be planned, J j ∈J；a j,1 The power flow entropy of the line load rate of the j-th power grid to be planned; a, a j,2 The power flow entropy of the active loss rate of the line of the j-th power grid to be planned; a, a j,3 The power transmission efficiency trend entropy of the j-th power grid to be planned is obtained.
The larger the balance factor is, the larger the values of the load rate load flow entropy, the active loss rate load flow entropy and the transmission efficiency load flow entropy of the line in the transmission network are, the smaller the variation degree of the load rate, the active loss rate and the transmission efficiency of all lines in the transmission network is, the more balanced the overall distribution of the line load flow is, the less fluctuation of the line is easy to occur, and the more reliable and stable the operation of the power network is.
Step S4: and establishing a multi-objective planning model according to the balance factor and the cost of the power transmission network to be planned.
The multi-objective planning model comprises a line load flow balance objective function and a cost minimum objective function.
The step S4 specifically includes:
41 Constructing a line tide balance objective function with the balance factor as the maximum target
max J＝max(W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 )，
Wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, W 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weights representing transmission efficiency tide entropy of line, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 And (5) representing the power transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line.
42 Constructing a cost-minimum objective function with the cost-minimum objective function
min F 1 ＝C 1 +C 2 +C 3 ，
Wherein C is 1 Representing the cost of the newly built line C 2 Indicating the maintenance of the operation of the power gridThe book C 3 Representing the net cost.
(1) Cost C of new line 1
In power transmission network planning, the line needs to meet sufficient power transmission capacity and ensure reliability and stability of power transmission, so the power transmission network needs to frame the network line to meet the requirement, and the main investment cost is the cost C of newly built line 1 Expressed in terms of annual cost and discount rate:
y is the set of the number of newly built lines, units/strips; c y Is the cost of a unit newly built line, and the unit is ten thousand yuan/Km; l (L) y Is the length/Km of a single new line; x is x y Is the line construction state, if x y If x is the number of lines to be built, =1 y =0, the line is not commissioned; mu (mu) y Is the annual coefficient of the y-th line, expressed as:
gamma is the rate of occurrence/%; τ y Is the service life of the y-th line, units/year.
(2) Grid operation maintenance cost C 2
The system can fail in the operation process, the problems of equipment breaking, ageing and the like can occur when the system is not maintained for a long time, and the normal and stable operation of the power grid can be ensured only by regular maintenance repair, so that the maintenance cost of the power grid operation needs to be considered, and the maintenance cost of the power grid operation is expressed as:
m is a set of existing transmission lines; l (L) l Is the length/km of the first line in the existing lines; d is a maintenance coefficient of the line, and is generally 1% -2%, and 1.8% is taken here;
(3) Cost of net loss C 3
The power transmission network has power loss on the circuit in the power transmission process, so the cost C of the power loss on the circuit is considered in the economic cost 3 ：
V is the unit loss cost of the transmission line, and 0.6 yuan/KWh is taken; t is annual loss equivalent time, taken 4300 hours; r is (r) l R is the resistance of line l y The resistance of the line y; p (P) l,d For the actual output load on line l, P y,d Is the actual output load on line y; u (U) l For the voltage on line l, U y Is the voltage on line y.
In this embodiment, constraint conditions of the multi-objective planning model (the objective function of the line load flow balance degree and the objective function with the lowest cost) include upper and lower limit constraints of active output of the line, constraint of newly built number of lines and loops between two nodes. Specific:
(1) Upper and lower limit constraint of active output of circuit
The method comprises the steps of providing that the active output of a power transmission line does not exceed the upper limit and the lower limit:
P i,d,min ≤P i,d ≤P i,d,max ，
P i,d is the actual output load of line i; p (P) i,d,min Is the minimum limit value of the output load of the line i; p (P) i,d,max Is the maximum limit value of the output load of the ith line.
(2) New line number constraint
The number of newly built lines needs to meet the upper and lower limit constraint:
0≤Y≤Y max ，
y is the number of lines to be selected, unit/line; y is Y max Is the maximum upper limit value of the number of the groups to be selected.
(3) Newly built circuit loop number constraint between two nodes
0≤r hm ≤r hm,max ，
r hm Is a new line between the node h and the node mNumber of loops, units/loops of the path; r is (r) hm,max The maximum limit value of the newly built circuit number between two nodes is unit/loop.
(4) Grid investment cost constraints
C 1,max Is the maximum cost of the investment of the power grid, namely the maximum cost of a newly built circuit.
(5) Network loss constraint
Providing that the network loss does not exceed a certain limit value during the operation of the system:
P i,l ≤P i,lmax ，
P i,l is the amount of active loss on line i; p (P) i,lmax Is the maximum limit for the amount of active loss on line i.
(6) Node power balancing constraints
Node power balance is the power consumed on the branches by the injection power of the node and the load demand of the node:
P h,z active power injected by the node h; p (P) h,m Is the load demand of node h; b (B) hm Is the susceptance value of the line between the nodes h and m; θ h Is the phase angle of node h; θ m Is the phase angle of node m; h is the number of nodes of the power transmission line, wherein H and m belong to H.
(7) Node phase angle constraint
The phase angle value of the node should satisfy the constraint of the upper and lower limits:
θ h,min ≤θ h ≤θ h,max ，
θ h,min is the phase angle lower limit value of the node h; θ h,max Is the upper phase angle limit for node h.
Step S5: solving the multi-target planning model by adopting a multi-target bacterial chemotaxis algorithm to obtain an optimal solution; and the optimal solution is an optimal line planning result of the power transmission network to be planned.
The optimal route planning result is a planning scheme of an optimal route which meets the route power flow balance degree objective function, the lowest cost objective function and the constraint condition. The optimal planning scheme is a planning scheme with the balance factor as large as possible (maximum 1, but impossible 1) and the total economic cost as small as possible. The optimal line planning result specifically comprises an optimal line load rate power flow entropy, an optimal active loss rate power flow entropy, an optimal transmission efficiency power flow entropy, an optimal balance factor and optimal cost of the power grid, and the optimal cost of the power grid comprises optimal investment cost, optimal operation maintenance cost and optimal network loss cost.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a solution using a multi-target bacterial chemotactic algorithm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, the step S5 specifically includes:
51 Setting power transmission network related parameters.
52 Initializing bacterial population parameters, given bacterial initial velocity and computational accuracy.
53 Record the fitness function of the bacteria at position 1. The fitness function is a line load flow balance degree objective function and a lowest cost objective function.
54 And (3) in the optimizing process, comparing the adaptability of the position 2 with the historical optimal position, if the adaptability of the position 2 is high, updating the position as the optimal historical position, otherwise, continuing optimizing.
55 If not, updating parameters (speed and calculation precision of bacteria), and returning to the step 53) to continue optimizing until the optimal solution is obtained.
The following provides simulation analysis examples of a transmission grid planning method based on line flow distribution.
(1) Determining calculation examples and related parameters:
in the example, an IEEE18 node system is taken as an example, and MATLAB is used for simulation analysis. The IEEE18 node system diagram is shown in FIG. 3, wherein the solid line represents the original line of the network, and the dotted line represents the line to be selected; the calculation example specifies that the discount rate is 0.05, the unit investment of the transmission line is 26 ten thousand yuan/km, the single-line transmission capacity is 230 ten thousand KW, and the maximum number of lines which can be erected in each transmission corridor is 3 times; the IEEE18 node system network parameters and the system node parameters are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 IEEE-18 node System network parameters
TABLE 2 IEEE-18 node System node parameters
(2) Simulation: simulation analysis of an example using MATLAB programming
The simulation shows that the model can improve the overall distribution balance of the power flow of the power transmission network line under the condition of ensuring the economy of the system, and is beneficial to keeping the reliability and stability of the power transmission network during operation.
According to the transmission grid planning method based on the line power flow distribution, the line power flow distribution problem is analyzed from three aspects of line load rate, line active loss rate and line power transmission efficiency, the fluctuation of a line is reflected by introducing power flow entropy, the respective power flow entropy of the line load rate, the line active loss rate and the line power transmission efficiency is taken as an index for evaluating the uniformity of the line power flow distribution into grid planning, the load rate, the active loss rate and the power transmission efficiency distribution on a power grid line are balanced as much as possible, so that a transmission grid multi-objective planning model comprehensively considering the power grid economical efficiency and the line power flow distribution balance is established, and the model has the economical efficiency and the power flow balance, and ensures the power quality of the system in the transmission process and the reliability and stability for supplying power to users.
The invention also provides a transmission network planning system based on line flow distribution, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission network planning system based on line flow distribution according to the embodiment of the invention,
referring to fig. 4, a line flow distribution based power transmission network planning system of an embodiment includes:
a grid structure determination module 401, configured to determine a grid structure of a power transmission grid to be planned; the power grid structure is determined by network parameters and node parameters; the network parameters comprise the number of the first node of each line, the number of the last node of each line, unit reactance, maximum tide, the number of the existing lines, the number of lines to be selected and the length of the lines; the node parameters include power generation capacity and load capacity.
The load flow entropy calculation module 402 is configured to calculate a line load flow entropy of the power grid structure; the line load flow entropy comprises a line load rate load flow entropy, a line active loss rate load flow entropy and a line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy.
And the balance degree factor calculating module 403 is configured to calculate the balance degree factor of the power transmission network to be planned by using a mean square error method according to the line load flow entropy.
An objective function construction module 404, configured to establish a multi-objective planning model according to the balance factor and the cost of the power transmission network to be planned; the multi-objective planning model comprises a line load flow balance objective function and a cost minimum objective function.
The solution planning module 405 is configured to solve the multi-target planning model by using a multi-target bacterial chemotactic algorithm to obtain an optimal solution; and the optimal solution is an optimal line planning result of the power transmission network to be planned.
As an optional implementation manner, the load flow entropy calculation module 402 specifically includes:
a first calculating unit, configured to calculate a line load rate load entropy according to line load rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 1 The load rate and the load flow entropy of the line are represented, N represents the total number of the lines in the power grid structure, and L i Representing the line load rate of the i-th line,
indicating the degree of balance of the line load rate of the i-th line.
The second calculation unit is used for calculating the line active loss rate tide entropy according to the line active loss rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, P i,loss Indicating the line active loss rate of the i-th line,
the balance of the line active loss rate of the i-th line is represented.
A third calculation unit, configured to calculate a line transmission efficiency load flow entropy according to line transmission efficiencies of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 3 Flow entropy, eta representing transmission efficiency of line i Represents the transmission efficiency, eta of the ith line i And the balance degree of the transmission efficiency of the ith line is represented.
As an optional implementation manner, the equalization factor calculating module 403 specifically includes:
a weight calculation unit for calculating the weight of the line load flow entropy by adopting a mean square error method, wherein the weight comprises the weight of the line load rate load flow entropy, the weight of the line active loss rate load flow entropy and the weight of the line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy,
wherein W is 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weight sigma representing power transmission efficiency trend entropy of line 1 Mean square error and sigma representing load flow entropy of line load rate 2 Mean square error sigma representing flow entropy of active loss rate of line 3 And the mean square error of the power flow entropy of the transmission efficiency of the line is represented.
A balance factor calculating unit for calculating the balance factor of the power transmission network to be planned according to the line load flow entropy and the weight,
J＝W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 ，
wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 And (5) representing the power transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line.
As an alternative embodiment, the objective function construction module 404 specifically includes:
a first objective function construction unit for constructing a line tide balance objective function with the balance factor as a maximum target
max J＝max(W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 )，
Wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, W 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weights representing transmission efficiency tide entropy of line, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 And (5) representing the power transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line.
A second objective function constructing unit for constructing the lowest cost objective function with the lowest cost objective function
min F 1 ＝C 1 +C 2 +C 3 ，
Wherein C is 1 Representing the cost of the newly built line C 2 Representing the running maintenance cost of the power grid, C 3 Representing the net cost.
As an optional implementation manner, constraint conditions of the multi-objective planning model constructed by the objective function construction module include upper and lower limit constraint of active output of a line, constraint of number of newly built roads, constraint of number of newly built circuits between two nodes, constraint of investment cost of a power grid, constraint of node power balance, constraint of network loss and constraint of node phase angle.
According to the transmission grid planning system based on the line power flow distribution, the power flow characteristics are analyzed from three aspects of line load rate, active loss rate and transmission efficiency, the power flow entropy is introduced, the power flow entropy of the three factors is used as an index for evaluating the uniform distribution of the power flow and is put into the grid planning, the reliable running stability of the power grid can be improved, and the occurrence of faults is reduced.
For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A transmission grid planning method based on line power flow distribution, comprising:
determining a power grid structure of a power transmission grid to be planned; the power grid structure is determined by network parameters and node parameters; the network parameters comprise the number of the first node of each line, the number of the last node of each line, unit reactance, maximum tide, the number of the existing lines, the number of lines to be selected and the length of the lines; the node parameters comprise power generation capacity and load capacity;
calculating a line tide entropy of the power grid structure; the line load flow entropy comprises a line load rate load flow entropy, a line active loss rate load flow entropy and a line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy;
calculating the balance factor of the power transmission network to be planned by adopting a mean square error method according to the line load flow entropy;
establishing a multi-objective planning model according to the balance factor and the cost of the power transmission network to be planned; the multi-objective planning model comprises a line load flow balance degree objective function and a cost minimum objective function;
solving the multi-target planning model by adopting a multi-target bacterial chemotaxis algorithm to obtain an optimal solution; the optimal solution is an optimal line planning result of the power transmission network to be planned;
the calculating the line load flow entropy of each line in the power grid structure specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the load rate load flow entropy of the lines according to the load rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 1 The load rate and the load flow entropy of the line are represented, N represents the total number of the lines in the power grid structure, and L i Representing the line load rate of the i-th line,
a balance degree representing a line load rate of the ith line;
calculating the line active loss rate tide entropy according to the line active loss rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, P i，loss Indicating the line active loss rate of the i-th line,
a balance degree indicating a line active loss rate of the i-th line;
calculating the transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line according to the transmission efficiency of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 3 Flow entropy, eta representing transmission efficiency of line i Representing the line power transmission efficiency of the ith line,
the balance degree of the transmission efficiency of the line of the ith line is represented;
calculating the balance factor of the power transmission network to be planned by adopting a mean square error method according to the line load flow entropy, wherein the balance factor specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the weight of the line load flow entropy by adopting a mean square error method, wherein the weight comprises the weight of the line load rate load flow entropy, the weight of the line active loss rate load flow entropy and the weight of the line transmission efficiency load flow entropy,
wherein W is 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weight for representing transmission efficiency tide entropy of lineHeavy, sigma 1 Mean square error and sigma representing load flow entropy of line load rate 2 Mean square error sigma representing flow entropy of active loss rate of line 3 The mean square error of the power flow entropy of the transmission efficiency of the line is represented;
calculating the balance degree factor of the power transmission network to be planned according to the line tide entropy and the weight,
J＝W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 ，
wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 And (5) representing the power transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line.
2. The power transmission network planning method based on line power flow distribution according to claim 1, wherein the establishing a multi-objective planning model according to the balance factor and the cost of the power transmission network to be planned specifically includes:
constructing a line tide balance objective function by taking the balance factor as the maximum target
maxJ＝max(W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 )，
Wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, W 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weights representing transmission efficiency tide entropy of line, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 The power flow entropy of the transmission efficiency of the line is represented;
constructing a cost-minimum objective function with a cost-minimum objective function
minF 1 ＝C 1 +C 2 +C 3 ，
Wherein C is 1 Representing the cost of the newly built line C 2 Representing the running maintenance cost of the power grid, C 3 Representing the net cost.
3. The power transmission network planning method based on line power flow distribution according to claim 1, wherein the constraint conditions of the multi-objective planning model include upper and lower limit constraint of active output of lines, constraint of newly built line number, constraint of newly built line loop number between two nodes, constraint of investment cost of a power grid, constraint of node power balance, constraint of network loss and constraint of node phase angle.
4. A grid planning system based on line flow distribution, comprising:
the power grid structure determining module is used for determining the power grid structure of the power transmission network to be planned; the power grid structure is determined by network parameters and node parameters; the network parameters comprise the number of the first node of each line, the number of the last node of each line, unit reactance, maximum tide, the number of the existing lines, the number of lines to be selected and the length of the lines; the node parameters comprise power generation capacity and load capacity;
the power flow entropy calculation module is used for calculating the line power flow entropy of the power grid structure; the line load flow entropy comprises a line load rate load flow entropy, a line active loss rate load flow entropy and a line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy;
the balance degree factor calculation module is used for calculating the balance degree factor of the power transmission network to be planned by adopting a mean square error method according to the line load flow entropy;
the objective function construction module is used for establishing a multi-objective planning model according to the balance factor and the cost of the power transmission network to be planned; the multi-objective planning model comprises a line load flow balance degree objective function and a cost minimum objective function;
the solution planning module is used for solving the multi-target planning model by adopting a multi-target bacterial chemotactic algorithm to obtain an optimal solution; the optimal solution is an optimal line planning result of the power transmission network to be planned;
the tide entropy calculation module specifically comprises:
a first calculating unit, configured to calculate a line load rate load entropy according to line load rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 1 The load rate and the load flow entropy of the line are represented, N represents the total number of the lines in the power grid structure, and L i Representing the line load rate of the i-th line,
a balance degree representing a line load rate of the ith line;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the line active loss rate tide entropy according to the line active loss rates of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, P i，loss Indicating the line active loss rate of the i-th line,
a balance degree indicating a line active loss rate of the i-th line;
a third calculation unit, configured to calculate a line transmission efficiency load flow entropy according to line transmission efficiencies of all lines in the power grid structure
Wherein a is 3 Flow entropy, eta representing transmission efficiency of line i Representing the line power transmission efficiency of the ith line,
the balance degree of the transmission efficiency of the line of the ith line is represented;
the equalization degree factor calculation module specifically comprises:
a weight calculation unit for calculating the weight of the line load flow entropy by adopting a mean square error method, wherein the weight comprises the weight of the line load rate load flow entropy, the weight of the line active loss rate load flow entropy and the weight of the line power transmission efficiency load flow entropy,
wherein W is 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weight sigma representing power transmission efficiency trend entropy of line 1 Mean square error and sigma representing load flow entropy of line load rate 2 Mean square error sigma representing flow entropy of active loss rate of line 3 The mean square error of the power flow entropy of the transmission efficiency of the line is represented;
a balance degree factor calculation unit for calculating the balance degree factor of the power transmission network to be planned according to the line tide entropy and the weight,
J＝W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 ，
wherein J represents an equilibrium factor of a power transmission network to be planned, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 And (5) representing the power transmission efficiency tide entropy of the line.
5. A grid planning system based on line flow distribution according to claim 4, characterized in that the objective function construction module specifically comprises:
a first objective function construction unit for constructing a line tide balance objective function with the balance factor as a maximum target
maxJ＝max(W 1 a 1 +W 2 a 2 +W 3 a 3 )，
Wherein J represents the power transmission to be plannedNetwork equalization factor, W 1 Weight representing line load rate tide entropy, W 2 Weight representing line active loss rate tide entropy, W 3 Weights representing transmission efficiency tide entropy of line, a 1 Representing the load rate load flow entropy of a line, a 2 Load flow entropy representing active loss rate of line, a 3 The power flow entropy of the transmission efficiency of the line is represented;
a second objective function constructing unit for constructing the lowest cost objective function with the lowest cost objective function
minF 1 ＝C 1 +C 2 +C 3 ，
Wherein C is 1 Representing the cost of the newly built line C 2 Representing the running maintenance cost of the power grid, C 4 Representing the net cost.
6. The grid planning system based on line flow distribution of claim 4, wherein the constraint conditions of the multi-objective planning model constructed by the objective function construction module include upper and lower limit constraint of active line output, constraint of newly built line number, constraint of newly built line loop number between two nodes, constraint of grid investment cost, constraint of node power balance, constraint of network loss and constraint of node phase angle.
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| CN112271744B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-12-20 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Planning configuration method, system and device for regional power grid multipoint layout energy storage system |
| CN112564106A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-26 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Power grid self-organization criticality adjusting method based on tidal current entropy |
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