CN110703242B - Multidimensional testing device and method for judging excavation damage of rock and soil medium - Google Patents
Multidimensional testing device and method for judging excavation damage of rock and soil medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110703242B CN110703242B CN201910922724.4A CN201910922724A CN110703242B CN 110703242 B CN110703242 B CN 110703242B CN 201910922724 A CN201910922724 A CN 201910922724A CN 110703242 B CN110703242 B CN 110703242B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of excavation quality and construction of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a multidimensional testing device and a testing method for judging excavation damage of geotechnical media, wherein the testing device comprises the following steps: the device comprises a multi-dimensional testing device, a data acquisition device, a protection baffle, a plurality of left side radar transceivers, a right side radar transceiver, an upper side radar transceiver, a lower side radar transceiver, a bottom radar transceiver and a ranging component; the method can judge the damage conditions of different scales and all-round directions of the rock and soil medium under the action of excavation disturbance; the loading characteristic of the rock-soil medium can be reflected more truly, and the damage verification of the rock-soil medium can better accord with the actual excavation working condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of excavation quality and construction of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a multidimensional testing device and a testing method for judging excavation damage of geotechnical media.
Background
The damage verification work of the geotechnical medium under the excavation disturbance effect has important significance on the safety control of engineering, and determines the excavation quality and the construction level of geotechnical engineering. Particularly, the damage range of the geotechnical medium under the strong disturbance state is more important, and the actual damage state of the engineering can be reflected better. For certain specific projects, such as nuclear waste storage, diversion tunnels, water delivery and water supply projects and the like, more severe requirements are provided for controlling the damage range of geotechnical media, the damage range is required to be as small as possible, and is often in a millimeter level, and meanwhile, higher requirements are provided for verifying the damage of surrounding rocks.
According to the existing device for judging the damage range of the rock-soil medium, a measuring method mostly adopts sound waves, acoustic emission, radar, infrared and the like, and a testing device is placed in a preset drill hole or is tightly attached to the rock-soil medium to be tested. However, how to implement the omnibearing damage judgment work for the rock-soil medium to be detected and how to realize the damage judgment work under the conditions of different frequencies and different loading durations still remain important problems to be solved urgently. Therefore, the device can better judge the damage characteristic of the excavated rock-soil medium, and the measured damage range can more accurately reflect the mechanical characteristic of the rock-soil medium.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multidimensional testing device and a testing method for judging the excavation damage of a rock-soil medium, which are used for realizing the accurate determination of the damage of the rock-soil medium under the excavation disturbance loading mechanical state.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a ground medium excavation damage judges multidimensional testing arrangement, includes: the system comprises a multi-dimensional testing device 1, a data acquisition device 3, a protective baffle 4, a plurality of left radar transceivers 5, a right radar transceiver 6, an upper radar transceiver 7, a lower radar transceiver 8, a bottom radar transceiver 9 and a ranging component 10; the left radar transceiver 5 is arranged on the left side surface inside the multi-dimensional testing device 1; the right radar transceiver 6 and the left radar transceiver 5 are symmetrically arranged in the multi-dimensional testing device 1 in a left-right mode; the upper radar transceiver 7 is arranged on the upper side surface in the multi-dimensional testing device 1, and the lower radar transceiver 8 and the upper radar transceiver 7 are symmetrically arranged in the multi-dimensional testing device 1 up and down; the protection baffle 4 is arranged at the bottom end inside the multi-dimensional testing device 1, the bottom radar transceiver 9 is arranged at the upper part of the protection baffle 4, and the data collector 3 is arranged at the upper part of the multi-dimensional testing device 1; a ranging assembly 10 is mounted at the end of each radar transceiver.
The left side radar transceiver 5 adopts an equal-spacing layout principle, the layout spacing range is 10cm-30cm, the number of layout columns is more than or equal to 3 columns, and the number of layout rows is more than or equal to 3 rows, and the left side radar transceiver is used for covering the wall surface range of a left side roadway; the layout principle of the right side radar transceiver 6, the upper side radar transceiver 7 and the lower side radar transceiver 8 is the same as that of the left side radar transceiver 5.
The bottom radar transceivers 9 are arranged in a principle that a circular excavation surface at the bottom of a rock-soil medium is used as a coverage area, and are uniformly arranged in multiple rows and multiple columns, wherein the distance between the adjacent bottom radar transceivers 9 can be unequal.
The left radar transceiver 5, the right radar transceiver 6, the upper radar transceiver 7, the lower radar transceiver 8 and the bottom radar transceiver 9 are all designed with plug-in interfaces so as to meet the requirement of the radar transceivers on quick combination.
The left radar transceiver 5, the right radar transceiver 6, the upper radar transceiver 7, the lower radar transceiver 8 and the bottom radar transceiver 9 all comprise radar transmitting components and radar receiving components; the left side radar transceiver 5, the right side radar transceiver 6, the upper side radar transceiver 7, the lower side radar transceiver 8 and the bottom radar transceiver 9 are all connected with the data acquisition unit 3 through lines and are used for respectively transmitting radar receiving data acquired by a left side roadway wall surface, a right side roadway wall surface, an upper side roadway wall surface, a lower side roadway wall surface and a roadway excavation surface to the data acquisition unit 3.
The ranging assembly 10 is used for testing and verifying the surface distance between each radar receiver and the rock-soil medium to be tested; the protective baffle 4 is made of high-strength material, and when the protective baffle is used for radar transmission, the transmission and transmission of waves are good, and parts of the radar transceiver can be well protected.
The left radar transceiver 5, the right radar transceiver 6, the upper radar transceiver 7, the lower radar transceiver 8 and the bottom radar transceiver 9 can be combined by setting radar transceivers with the same frequency and different frequencies according to the approximate range of the damage of the rock-soil medium, so that multi-azimuth and high-precision damage verification is realized.
The testing method of the multidimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of the rock and soil medium comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: each radar transmitter-receiver transmits radar, and the radar continues to return to the radar transmitter-receiver after being transmitted by fluctuation transmission, reflection and the like of rock-soil media; step two: storing the multiple wave signals into a data acquisition unit, and judging the damage degree of a test area after the multiple wave signals are analyzed by a multi-dimensional test device; by changing the radar transceivers with different frequencies, different frequencies are transmitted, and damage ranges with different scales are judged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The multidimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of the rock-soil medium, which is designed by the invention, can judge the damage conditions of different scales and all-round directions of the rock-soil medium under the excavation disturbance action; the loading characteristics of the rock-soil medium can be reflected more truly, and the damage verification of the rock-soil medium can be more consistent with the actual excavation working condition;
(2) The device can obtain the real distance between the surface of the rock-soil medium to be tested and the end part of each radar transceiver in the damage testing device in the radar transmitting and receiving process through each ranging component, and can perform fluctuation reduction on the distance when performing damage kernel timing in the follow-up process so as to obtain the real wave velocity propagation distance and time;
(3) The device of the invention has convenient operation and measurement, and the measurement result is accurate and reliable; the method is particularly suitable for damage judgment of quasi-brittle materials such as rocks and concrete; and the medium damage characteristic under the excavation disturbance can be obtained by directly testing the excavated rock-soil medium. The test device is particularly suitable for cross-sectional areas of less than 1m 2 And geotechnical engineering in different directions (horizontal, oblique and vertical).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-dimensional testing device for judging excavation damage of a rock and soil medium, which is designed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a plane layout diagram of a lateral radar transceiver of the multi-dimensional testing device for judging excavation damage of the rock and soil medium, which is designed by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan layout view of a bottom radar transceiver of the multi-dimensional testing device for judging excavation damage of the rock and soil medium, which is designed by the invention;
wherein: the device comprises a 1-multidimensional testing device, a 2-rock-soil medium, a 3-data acquisition device, a 4-protective baffle, a 5-left side radar transceiver, a 6-right side radar transceiver, a 7-upper side radar transceiver, an 8-lower side radar transceiver, a 9-bottom radar transceiver and a 10-ranging assembly.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a multidimensional testing device for determining excavation damage of rock and soil media comprises: the system comprises a multi-dimensional testing device 1, a data acquisition device 3, a protective baffle 4, a plurality of left radar transceivers 5, a right radar transceiver 6, an upper radar transceiver 7, a lower radar transceiver 8, a bottom radar transceiver 9 and a ranging component 10; the left radar transceiver 5 is arranged on the left side surface inside the multi-dimensional testing device 1; the right radar transceiver 6 and the left radar transceiver 5 are symmetrically arranged in the multi-dimensional testing device 1 in a left-right mode; the upper radar transceiver 7 is arranged on the upper side surface in the multi-dimensional testing device 1, and the lower radar transceiver 8 and the upper radar transceiver 7 are symmetrically arranged in the multi-dimensional testing device 1 up and down; the protection baffle 4 is arranged at the bottom end inside the multi-dimensional testing device 1, the bottom radar transceiver 9 is arranged at the upper part of the protection baffle 4, and the data collector 3 is arranged at the upper part of the multi-dimensional testing device 1; a ranging assembly 10 is mounted at the end of each radar transceiver.
The left side radar transceiver 5 adopts an equal-spacing layout principle, the layout spacing range is 10cm-30cm, the number of layout columns is more than or equal to 3 columns, and the number of layout rows is more than or equal to 3 rows, and the left side radar transceiver is used for covering the wall surface range of a left side roadway; the layout principle of the right side radar transceiver 6, the upper side radar transceiver 7 and the lower side radar transceiver 8 is the same as that of the left side radar transceiver 5.
The bottom radar transceivers 9 are arranged in a multi-row and multi-column mode by taking a round excavation surface at the bottom of the rock-soil medium as a coverage area, wherein the distance between the adjacent bottom radar transceivers 9 is not equal.
The left radar transceiver 5, the right radar transceiver 6, the upper radar transceiver 7, the lower radar transceiver 8 and the bottom radar transceiver 9 are all designed with plug interfaces so as to meet the requirement of the radar transceivers on quick combination.
The left radar transceiver 5, the right radar transceiver 6, the upper radar transceiver 7, the lower radar transceiver 8 and the bottom radar transceiver 9 all comprise radar transmitting components and radar receiving components; the left side radar transceiver 5, the right side radar transceiver 6, the upper side radar transceiver 7, the lower side radar transceiver 8 and the bottom radar transceiver 9 are all connected with the data acquisition unit 3 through lines and are used for respectively transmitting radar receiving data acquired by a left side roadway wall surface, a right side roadway wall surface, an upper side roadway wall surface, a lower side roadway wall surface and a roadway excavation surface to the data acquisition unit 3.
The ranging assembly 10 is used for testing and verifying the distance between each radar transceiver and the surface of the rock-soil medium to be tested; the protective baffle 4 is made of high-strength material, and when the protective baffle is used for radar transmission, the transmission and transmission of waves are good, and parts of the radar transceiver can be well protected.
The left radar transceiver 5, the right radar transceiver 6, the upper radar transceiver 7, the lower radar transceiver 8 and the bottom radar transceiver 9 can be combined by setting the same frequency and different frequency radar transceivers according to the approximate range of the damage of the rock-soil medium, so that multi-azimuth high-precision damage verification is realized.
The left side radar transceiver 5 transmits a radar with a certain frequency through the radar transmitting component, returns to the radar receiving component of the left side radar transceiver after transmission and reflection of the left side wall surface, and stores the radar signal into the data acquisition unit 3 after mode conversion. Similarly, the received data of the right radar transceiver 6, the upper radar transceiver 7, the lower radar transceiver 8 and the bottom radar transceiver 9 are also stored in the data collector 3.
The invention designs a multidimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of rock and soil media, which has the use method and the working principle that: the method comprises the following steps: each radar transmitter-receiver transmits radar, and the radar continues to return to the radar transmitter-receiver after being transmitted by fluctuation transmission, reflection and the like of rock-soil media; step two: and storing the plurality of wave signals into a data acquisition unit, and judging the damage degree of the test area after analysis. By changing the radar transceivers with different frequencies, different frequencies are transmitted, and damage ranges with different scales are judged.
The multidimensional testing device for judging excavation damage of rock and soil media provided by the invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and other embodiments obtained by the technical scheme of the invention satisfy the principle mode of the invention and also belong to the technical innovation scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a ground medium excavation damage judges multidimension testing arrangement which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a multi-dimensional testing device (1), a data acquisition unit (3), a protective baffle (4), a plurality of left-side radar transceivers (5), a plurality of right-side radar transceivers (6), an upper-side radar transceiver (7), a lower-side radar transceiver (8), a bottom radar transceiver (9) and a ranging component (10); the left radar transceiver (5) is arranged on the left side surface inside the multi-dimensional testing device (1); the right radar transceiver (6) and the left radar transceiver (5) are symmetrically arranged in the multi-dimensional testing device (1) in a left-right mode; the upper side radar transceiver (7) is arranged on the upper side surface in the multi-dimensional testing device (1), and the lower side radar transceiver (8) and the upper side radar transceiver (7) are symmetrically arranged in the multi-dimensional testing device (1) up and down; the protection baffle (4) is arranged at the bottom end inside the multi-dimensional testing device (1), the bottom radar transceiver (9) is arranged at the upper part of the protection baffle (4), and the data collector (3) is arranged at the upper part of the multi-dimensional testing device (1); the end part of each radar transceiver is provided with a ranging component (10);
the testing method of the multidimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of the rock and soil medium comprises the following steps: each radar transmitter-receiver transmits radar, and the radar continues to return to the radar transmitter-receiver after the transmission and reflection of the fluctuation of the rock-soil medium; storing the multiple wave signals into a data acquisition unit, and judging the damage degree of a test area after the multiple wave signals are analyzed by a multi-dimensional test device; by changing the radar transceivers with different frequencies, different frequencies are transmitted, and damage ranges with different scales are judged.
2. The multi-dimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of the geotechnical media according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the left side radar transceiver (5) adopts an equal-spacing layout principle, the layout spacing range is 10cm-30cm, the number of layout columns is more than or equal to 3 columns, and the number of layout rows is more than or equal to 3 rows, and the left side radar transceiver is used for covering the wall surface range of a left side roadway; the layout principle of the right side radar transceiver (6), the upper side radar transceiver (7) and the lower side radar transceiver (8) is the same as that of the left side radar transceiver (5).
3. The multi-dimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of the geotechnical media according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the bottom radar transceivers (9) are distributed in a multi-row and multi-column mode by taking a round excavation surface at the bottom of the rock-soil medium as a coverage area, wherein the distances between the adjacent bottom radar transceivers (9) are not equal.
4. The multi-dimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of the geotechnical media according to claim 3, characterized in that: the left radar transceiver (5), the right radar transceiver (6), the upper radar transceiver (7), the lower radar transceiver (8) and the bottom radar transceiver (9) are all designed to be plugged and unplugged, and therefore the requirement for quick combination of the radar transceivers is met.
5. The multi-dimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of the geotechnical media according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the left radar transceiver (5), the right radar transceiver (6), the upper radar transceiver (7), the lower radar transceiver (8) and the bottom radar transceiver (9) all comprise radar transmitting components and radar receiving components; the left side radar transceiver (5), the right side radar transceiver (6), the upper side radar transceiver (7), the lower side radar transceiver (8) and the bottom radar transceiver (9) are all connected with the data acquisition unit (3) through lines and are used for respectively transmitting radar receiving data acquired by a left side roadway wall surface, a right side roadway wall surface, an upper side roadway wall surface, a lower side roadway wall surface and a roadway excavation surface to the data acquisition unit (3).
6. The multi-dimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of the geotechnical media according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the ranging assembly (10) is used for testing and verifying the surface distance between each radar transmitter and the rock-soil medium to be tested; the protective baffle (4) is made of high-strength materials, when the protective baffle is used for radar transmission, the transmission and the transmission of waves are good, and parts of the radar transceiver can be well protected.
7. The multi-dimensional testing device for judging the excavation damage of the geotechnical media according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the left radar transceiver (5), the right radar transceiver (6), the upper radar transceiver (7), the lower radar transceiver (8) and the bottom radar transceiver (9) can be combined by the same-frequency and different-frequency radar transceivers according to the approximate range of the damage of the rock and soil medium, so that multi-azimuth and high-precision damage verification is realized.
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