CN110702369A - Hydrothermal plume simulation generating device - Google Patents

Hydrothermal plume simulation generating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110702369A
CN110702369A CN201910853239.6A CN201910853239A CN110702369A CN 110702369 A CN110702369 A CN 110702369A CN 201910853239 A CN201910853239 A CN 201910853239A CN 110702369 A CN110702369 A CN 110702369A
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solution
hydrothermal
ocean
cylinder
liquid
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CN201910853239.6A
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吴世军
阮永蔚
杨灿军
谢可人
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
    • G01N31/02—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using precipitation

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrothermal plume simulation generation device, which belongs to the technical field of ocean energy exploration and comprises the following components: the marine solution preparation unit is provided with a first solution preparation cylinder and is used for preparing a marine solution and introducing the marine hydrothermal solution into the particle generation unit; the hydrothermal solution preparation unit is provided with a second solution preparation cylinder and is used for preparing the ocean hydrothermal solution and introducing the ocean hydrothermal solution into the particle generation unit; the temperature adjusting unit comprises a water cooling module for adjusting the temperature of the ocean solution and a heating module for adjusting the ocean hydrothermal solution; and the particle generation unit receives the ocean solution and the ocean hydrothermal solution in sequence and generates particles. By simulating the reaction process at the instant of mixing the ocean solution and the hydrothermal solution at the hydrothermal solution port on the seabed, the kinetic and kinematic research on the motion state of the particles generated by the reaction is facilitated, so that the rising law of the plume and the mechanism of removing the adhesion on the equipment are obtained.

Description

Hydrothermal plume simulation generating device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean energy exploration, in particular to a hydrothermal plume simulation generation device.
Background
Scientists find that deep-sea hydrothermal solution contains huge chemical energy, thermal energy and mechanical energy in recent years, and at present, the ocean industry of China develops rapidly, and preliminary detection and research are carried out on the deep-sea hydrothermal solution. Research shows that a large amount of particles are generated after mixing between the high-temperature hot liquid and the low-temperature seawater, and the particles can be adhered and accumulated on deep sea equipment acting on the hot liquid to influence the normal use of the equipment. Secondly, the exploration of the components of the particulate matters also becomes an important problem in the research of deep sea hydrothermal fluid. For the research on the reaction of hydrothermal solution and marine solution, most of the research is limited to the growth of sediment, namely 'black chimney', for example, a submarine hydrothermal solution eruption simulation device with an observation function, disclosed by the chinese patent document with publication number CN106706263A, comprises a vertical high-pressure injection pump, a temperature control system, a pressure regulating valve, a transparent pressure vessel, a high-speed camera, a water cooling system, a pressure gauge, a sulfide collecting device, a pressure relief valve and a stop valve; the device can simulate the submarine hydrothermal solution eruption, can adjust different temperatures, speeds, chemical components and the like of hydrothermal solution nozzles according to the difference of requirements, and can observe by using a high-speed camera.
The above patent is based on the submarine real spout environment, and adopts a unique structural design to realize the submarine hydrothermal solution simulation eruption observation under the laboratory environment according to the similar principle, and basically restores the highly complex physicochemical process that hydrothermal solution is sprayed from the high-temperature high-pressure environment to the relatively low-temperature low-pressure environment and is mixed and reacted with seawater, thereby providing conditions and data which are difficult to obtain by purely theoretical analysis and numerical simulation for the research of related hydrothermal solution activities.
In the prior art, the plume is usually started from a fluid, and few researches are carried out on the dynamics and the kinematics of particles generated by the reaction, so as to obtain the rising law of the plume and the mechanism of adhesion removal on equipment. Since hydrothermal research is still in the initial stage, there is little research on simulation of hydrothermal particle generation in deep sea.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrothermal plume simulation generation device, which can simulate the generation of metal sulfide particles and the eruption process of hydrothermal fluid under real conditions and lay a foundation for other researches on hydrothermal fluid and the design of equipment acting on a hydrothermal fluid area.
In order to achieve the above object, the hydrothermal plume simulation generation apparatus according to the present invention includes:
the marine solution preparation unit is provided with a first solution preparation cylinder and is used for preparing a marine solution and introducing the marine hydrothermal solution into the particle generation unit;
the hydrothermal solution preparation unit is provided with a second solution preparation cylinder and is used for preparing the ocean hydrothermal solution and introducing the ocean hydrothermal solution into the particle generation unit;
the temperature adjusting unit comprises a water cooling module for adjusting the temperature of the ocean solution and a heating module for adjusting the temperature of the ocean hydrothermal solution;
and the particle generation unit receives the ocean solution and the ocean hydrothermal solution in sequence and generates particles.
In the technical scheme, by simulating the reaction process at the instant when the ocean solution and the hydrothermal solution are mixed at the hydrothermal solution port on the seabed, the kinetic and kinematic research on the motion state of the particles generated by the reaction is facilitated, so that the rising law of the plume and the mechanism of removing the adhesion on equipment are obtained.
Preferably, a first stirrer and a first pH indicator for detecting pH of liquid in the first liquid preparation cylinder are arranged in the first liquid preparation cylinder, and the top of the first liquid preparation cylinder is provided with a device for adding NaCl and FeCl2And Al2(SO4)3The first feed hopper of (a). Through NaCl and FeCl2And Al2(SO4)3And (3) generating a marine solution through reaction, detecting the pH value of the generated marine solution through a first acid-base indicator, and titrating the marine solution to a required pH value through a NaOH solution and a HCl solution.
Preferably, a second stirrer and a second acid-base indicator for detecting the pH value of the liquid in the second liquid preparation cylinder are arranged in the second liquid preparation cylinder, and the top of the second liquid preparation cylinder is provided with a device for adding NaCl and Na2SiO3And Na2S second feed hopper. Through NaCl, Na2SiO3And Na2And S reacting to generate the ocean hydrothermal solution, detecting the pH value of the generated ocean hydrothermal solution by a second acid-base indicator, and titrating to the required pH value by using NaOH solution and HCl solution.
Preferably, the first liquid preparation cylinder and the second liquid preparation cylinder are connected to a nitrogen generation unit, and the nitrogen generation unit is used for introducing nitrogen into the first liquid preparation cylinder and the second liquid preparation cylinder to exhaust oxygen in the first liquid preparation cylinder and the second liquid preparation cylinder.
Preferably, the particle generating unit comprises a reaction cylinder and a baffle plate arranged at the bottom of the reaction cylinder and used for receiving particles generated by the reaction.
Preferably, the bottom of the reaction cylinder is provided with a spray head for spraying the ocean thermal solution, the spray head is communicated to the second liquid distribution cylinder through a liquid conveying pipe, and the liquid conveying pipe is provided with a liquid conveying pump. The spray head is utilized to simulate the eruption of the hot liquid of the ocean hot liquid port, the baffle plate can be provided with a through hole for the eruption liquid to pass through, and the baffle plate can be fixed at the bottom of the reaction cylinder through the support frame. The spray head is replaceable, and the distribution condition of particles in the ocean solution under different spray apertures is researched by replacing the spray nozzles with different apertures.
Preferably, the heating module comprises a heating cavity arranged on the infusion tube, a heating sheet arranged on the outer wall of the heating cavity and a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the ocean hot water in the heating cavity, and the thermocouple transmits temperature information to the controller to control the heating condition of the heating sheet.
Preferably, the water cooling module comprises a water cooler, a condensation pipe leading into the reaction cylinder and a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the ocean solution in the reaction cylinder, and the thermocouple transmits temperature information to the controller to control the working condition of the water cooler.
Preferably, the top of the reaction cylinder is provided with a pressure maintaining air bag for maintaining the air pressure in the cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the hydrothermal plume simulation generation device disclosed by the invention comprises the simulation of a reaction process generated by particles and the simulation of a hydrothermal eruption phenomenon, and is convenient for researching the dynamics and kinematics of the particles in a real reaction. The device has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicability, high automation degree, convenient operation, manpower and material resource saving and high efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrothermal plume simulation generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a marine solution preparation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heating module in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a particle generating unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the hydrothermal plume simulation generation device of the present embodiment includes an ocean solution preparation unit, a hydrothermal solution preparation unit, a temperature adjustment unit, a particle generation unit, a nitrogen generation unit, and a controller 9.
The ocean solution preparation unit comprises 1-1 parts of a stepping motor, 1-2 parts of a plum coupler, 1-3 parts of a solution stirring rod, 1-4 parts of an end cover, 1-5 parts of a first feeding funnel, 1-6 parts of a sealing ring, 1-7 parts of a pH value indicator, 1-8 parts of a preparation cylinder, 1-9 parts of a liquid outlet pipe joint and 1-10 parts of an air inlet pipe joint.
The hydrothermal liquid distribution unit comprises 2-1 parts of a stepping motor, 2-2 parts of a plum coupler, 2-3 parts of a solution stirring rod, 2-4 parts of an end cover, 2-5 parts of a second feeding funnel, 2-6 parts of a sealing ring, 2-7 parts of a pH value indicator, 2-8 parts of a liquid distribution cylinder, 2-9 parts of a liquid outlet pipe joint and 2-10 parts of an air inlet pipe joint.
The temperature adjusting unit comprises a water cooling module for adjusting the temperature of the ocean solution and a heating module for adjusting the ocean hydrothermal solution. The water cooling module comprises a water cooler 6-1, an armored thermocouple 6-2 and a condenser pipe 6-3. The heating module comprises a temperature control box 4-1, an armored thermocouple 4-2, an annular ceramic heating sheet 4-3 and a heating cavity 4-4.
The particle generation unit comprises an end cover 5-1, a pressure maintaining air bag 5-2, a sealing ring 5-3, a reaction cylinder 5-4, a particle baffle 5-5, a support frame 5-6, a liquid discharge valve 5-7, a replaceable hydrothermal spout 5-8, a hydrothermal liquid inlet pipe joint 5-9, an air inlet pipe joint 5-10 and an ocean solution liquid inlet pipe joint 5-11.
The nitrogen generating unit comprises a nitrogen bottle 7-4 communicated to the liquid preparation cylinder 1-8 and the liquid preparation cylinder 2-8.
The liquid preparation process of the device is as follows:
firstly, preparation work: respectively adding a certain amount of purified water (the liquid level of the purified water is higher than the inductive contacts of a pH indicator 1-7 and a pH indicator 2-7) into the marine solution preparation cylinder 1-8 and the hydrothermal solution preparation cylinder 2-8, opening an air hole on an end cover of the reaction cylinder, opening air inlet valves 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3, introducing nitrogen into the two solution preparation cylinders and the reaction cylinder, and manufacturing an oxygen-free environment in the cylinders;
secondly, after the preparation work is finished, adding a certain amount of NaCl and FeCl into the sea solution liquid preparation cylinder through a first feeding funnel 1-52And Al2(SO4)3Adding a certain amount of NaCl and Na into the hot liquid preparation tank through a second feeding funnel 2-52SiO3And Na2And S, starting the stepping motors 1-1 and 2-1, and driving the stirring rods 1-3 and 2-3 to stir the solution so as to fully dissolve the solute. The indications of pH indicators 1-7 and 2-7 are observed, titrated to the desired pH with NaOH and HCl solutions, and air inlet valves 7-1, 7-2, and 7-3 are always open.
The particle generation experiment process is as follows:
firstly, preparation work: closing air inlet valves 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3, opening a liquid discharge valve 1-11, injecting the prepared marine solution into a reaction cylinder 5-4 by using the self weight of the liquid, starting a water chiller 6-1 to refrigerate the marine solution, keeping the temperature of the marine solution at 2-5 ℃ by using the feedback of an armored thermocouple 6-2, simultaneously opening the liquid discharge valve 2-11, starting an infusion pump 3 to fill the heating cavity 4-4 with the simulated hydrothermal solution, starting a temperature control box 4-1 to heat the simulated hydrothermal solution by using an annular ceramic heating sheet 4-3, and adjusting the temperature of the hydrothermal solution to about 80 ℃ by using the armored thermocouple 4-2 and the temperature control box 4-1;
after the preparation work is finished, closing the drain valve 1-11, blocking an air hole on the end cover of the reaction cylinder, opening the drain valve 4-5, and slowly injecting the simulated hot liquid into the ocean solution in the reaction cylinder 5-5 through the replaceable hot liquid nozzle 5-8, so that metal sulfide particles generated by the reaction of iron ions in the ocean solution and sulfur ions in the hot liquid can be seen, and the particles are distributed in a plume shape under the action of buoyancy force and finally fall onto the particle baffle 5-5. Replacing the replaceable hot liquid nozzles 5-8 with different calibers, wherein the distribution conditions of particles in the ocean solution are different, the reaction cylinder is in a closed state, and the air pressure in the cylinder is maintained by the pressure maintaining air bag 5-2;
and thirdly, closing the liquid discharge valve 4-5 after the experiment is finished, opening the liquid discharge valve 5-6 to discharge the waste liquid in the reaction cylinder, closing the liquid discharge valve 5-6 after the waste liquid is completely discharged, taking out the particle baffle 5-5, and cleaning each experimental device.

Claims (9)

1. A hydrothermal plume simulation generating device, comprising:
the marine solution preparation unit is provided with a first solution preparation cylinder and is used for preparing a marine solution and introducing the marine hydrothermal solution into the particle generation unit;
the hydrothermal solution preparation unit is provided with a second solution preparation cylinder and is used for preparing the ocean hydrothermal solution and introducing the ocean hydrothermal solution into the particle generation unit;
the temperature adjusting unit comprises a water cooling module for adjusting the temperature of the ocean solution and a heating module for adjusting the temperature of the ocean hydrothermal solution;
and the particle generation unit receives the ocean solution and the ocean hydrothermal solution in sequence and generates particles.
2. The hydrothermal plume simulation generator as set forth in claim 1, wherein a first stirrer and a first pH indicator are disposed in the first liquid preparation tank, and a top of the first liquid preparation tank is provided with a device for adding NaCl and FeCl2And Al2(SO4)3The first feed hopper of (a).
3. The hydrothermal plume simulation generation device of claim 1, wherein a second stirrer and a second pH indicator for detecting pH of the liquid in the second liquid preparation tank are disposed in the second liquid preparation tank, and a top of the second liquid preparation tank is provided with a device for adding NaCl and Na2SiO3And Na2S second feed hopper.
4. A hydrothermal plume simulation generator as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first and second dispensing cylinders are connected to a nitrogen generator unit which supplies nitrogen to the first and second dispensing cylinders to exhaust oxygen therefrom.
5. A hydrothermal plume simulation generator as set forth in claim 1 wherein the particle generating unit comprises a reaction cylinder and a baffle plate disposed at the bottom of the reaction cylinder for receiving the particles generated by the reaction.
6. A hydrothermal plume simulation generating device as set forth in claim 5 wherein the bottom of the reaction cylinder is provided with a nozzle for spraying the marine hydrothermal solution, the nozzle is communicated to the second solution distribution cylinder through a liquid transfer pipe, and the liquid transfer pipe is provided with a liquid transfer pump.
7. A hydrothermal plume simulation generating device as set forth in claim 6 wherein the heating module comprises a heating chamber disposed on the infusion tube, a heating plate disposed on an outer wall of the heating chamber, and a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the hot ocean liquid in the heating chamber, the thermocouple transmitting temperature information to the controller to control the heating condition of the heating plate.
8. A hydrothermal plume simulation generating device as set forth in claim 5 wherein the water cooling module comprises a water chiller, a condenser tube leading into the reaction cylinder and a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the ocean solution in the reaction cylinder, the thermocouple transmitting temperature information to the controller to control the operation of the water chiller.
9. A hydrothermal plume simulation generator as set forth in claim 5 wherein the top of the reaction cylinder is provided with a pressure maintaining bladder for maintaining the air pressure in the cylinder.
CN201910853239.6A 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 Hydrothermal plume simulation generating device Pending CN110702369A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4817039A (en) * 1986-02-27 1989-03-28 Fwg Associates, Inc. Atmospheric controlled video simulation system
CN203437057U (en) * 2013-08-28 2014-02-19 刘建军 Automatic liquid preparation device
CN105973567A (en) * 2016-06-20 2016-09-28 浙江大学 Hydrothermal plume simulating device and hydrothermal plume simulating method
CN106706263A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-24 浙江大学 Submarine hydrothermal exhalation simulation device having observation function
CN207114476U (en) * 2017-08-24 2018-03-16 国家***第二海洋研究所 A kind of submarine hydrothermal solution plume acoustics imaging analogue means

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4817039A (en) * 1986-02-27 1989-03-28 Fwg Associates, Inc. Atmospheric controlled video simulation system
CN203437057U (en) * 2013-08-28 2014-02-19 刘建军 Automatic liquid preparation device
CN105973567A (en) * 2016-06-20 2016-09-28 浙江大学 Hydrothermal plume simulating device and hydrothermal plume simulating method
CN106706263A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-24 浙江大学 Submarine hydrothermal exhalation simulation device having observation function
CN106706263B (en) * 2016-12-01 2019-02-05 浙江大学 A kind of submarine hydrothermal solution eruption simulator with observing function
CN207114476U (en) * 2017-08-24 2018-03-16 国家***第二海洋研究所 A kind of submarine hydrothermal solution plume acoustics imaging analogue means

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
张春盛: "海底热液活动模拟实验装置及其关键技术研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 基础科学辑》 *

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Application publication date: 20200117

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