CN110694596B - Material with high-efficiency dust removal function - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function, and belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly materials. The method comprises the steps of firstly mixing sodium chloride, hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water to prepare a water phase, then mixing styrene, divinylbenzene, azodiisobutyronitrile and a mixed pore-foaming agent to prepare an organic phase, mixing the water phase with the organic phase, adding sulfur dispersion liquid and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, stirring for reaction to prepare modified polystyrene microspheres, mixing the modified polystyrene microspheres with the mixed dispersion liquid of porous silicon dioxide and graphene oxide, carrying out rotary evaporation concentration, washing and drying to obtain the material with the efficient dust removal function. The material with the efficient dust removal function has an excellent dust removal effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly materials, in particular to a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function.
Background
PM2.5 refers to particles in the atmosphere having a diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 microns, also known as accessible lung particles. Because the particle size is small and the particle is rich in a large amount of toxic and harmful substances, the influence on the human health and the quality of the atmospheric environment is larger. PM2.5 denotes the content of such particles per cubic meter of air, and a higher value represents a more serious air pollution. With the progress of the times, the requirements on the environment are higher and higher.
Industrial dust is a main source of PM2.5, and at present, the classification of industrial dust is based on various factors, and can be classified according to the composition of the material, the size of the particle size, the shape, the physicochemical characteristics, and the like. The industrial dust is divided into types of cement industry dust, coal-fired power generation industry dust, steel industry dust, wood industry dust, non-ferrous metal industry dust and other dust according to different dust generation industries.
At present, the widely applied dust removal technologies include five major types, namely a mechanical dust removal technology, an electric dust removal technology, a filtering dust removal technology, a wet dust removal technology and a novel combined dust removal technology, wherein the mechanical dust removal technology can be classified into sedimentation dust removal, inertia dust removal and cyclone dust removal, and the novel combined dust removal technology comprises electric bag combined dust removal and electric cyclone combined dust removal. Although the existing dust removal technologies are diversified, each technology has the defect of being not negligible, the mechanical dust removal technology has low dust removal efficiency, the temperature needs to be controlled due to large change of dust specific resistance along with the temperature in the electric dust removal technology, different particles correspond to different optimal electric field parameters, and the electric dust removal technology needs to be debugged for many times, and along with modification of a smoke emission standard, smoke after electric dust removal sometimes cannot meet the requirements; although the filter type dust removal is high in dust removal efficiency, the treatment temperature is limited by the material of the filter bag, the filter bag is not high in temperature resistance and weak in corrosion resistance, cannot treat acid-base dust-containing gas, and is not suitable for gas containing dust with strong adhesion or strong hygroscopicity; when the gas treatment amount is large, the structural consumable materials occupy large area, the operation resistance is large, and the operation cost is high; sludge sediment and waste water generated by a wet dust removal technology need to be treated, dust is difficult to recover, corrosion prevention measures need to be taken when corrosive gas is treated, and a low-temperature area needs to be prevented from freezing, so that secondary pollution is easily generated; the novel composite dust removal technology is large in investment and high in equipment maintenance cost.
Therefore, research and development of the material which has a dust removal function, is easy to remove after dust is adsorbed, and has low preparation cost has wide market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function and a production process thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the material with the efficient dust removal function is characterized by mainly comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: the modified polystyrene microspheres comprise 40-60 parts of modified polystyrene microspheres, 5-8 parts of graphene oxide and 10-12 parts of porous silicon dioxide, and after the polystyrene microspheres are modified, the polystyrene microspheres are porous and small in mass and can be dispersed in air, so that the contact probability of a product and dust is increased, and the dust removal effect of the product is improved; the porous silica can be embedded in the porous structure of the modified polystyrene, so that pores on the surface of the polystyrene microsphere can be reserved when the modified polystyrene microsphere adsorbs graphene oxide, thereby being beneficial to removing part of polystyrene in the later washing process and being beneficial to adsorbing dust and moisture when the product is used, and further improving the dust removal effect of the product; preferably, the modified polystyrene microsphere is prepared by mixing an organic phase mixture and a water phase mixture, adding methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and sulfur dispersion liquid, stirring for reaction, performing Soxhlet extraction, suction filtration and drying, wherein the organic phase mixture is prepared by mixing styrene, divinylbenzene, azobisisobutyronitrile and a mixed pore-forming agent, the water phase mixture is prepared by mixing sodium chloride, hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water, and the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose has hygroscopicity, so that the hygroscopicity of the product can be improved, dust can be adsorbed while the hygroscopicity of the product is improved, and the dust removal effect of the product is improved.
As optimization, the specific preparation steps of the material with the efficient dust removal function are as follows:
(1) mixing sodium chloride and hydroxymethyl cellulose according to a mass ratio of 1: 1-2: 1, mixing, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the mass of 0.1-0.3 time of that of sodium chloride and water with the mass of 8-10 times of that of sodium chloride, and stirring and mixing for 40-60 min under the conditions that the temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the rotating speed is 280-360 r/min;
(2) weighing the following components in parts by weight: mixing 20-30 parts of styrene, 8-12 parts of divinylbenzene, 3-5 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile and 40-60 parts of mixed pore-forming agent, mixing the styrene and the divinylbenzene, adding the azobisisobutyronitrile and the mixed pore-forming agent, and stirring and mixing for 30-80 min under the conditions that the temperature is 45-65 ℃ and the rotating speed is 300-360 r/min;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (2) according to a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10-20 min under the condition that the frequency is 45-55 kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, wherein the mixed dispersion liquid and a sulfur dispersion liquid are mixed according to a mass ratio of 4: 1-6: 1, mixing, adding methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride with the mass of 0.1-0.3 time of that of the mixed dispersion liquid, stirring and reacting for 8-9 h at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300-350 r/min, filtering to obtain pretreated polystyrene microspheres, performing Soxhlet extraction on the pretreated polystyrene microspheres, and performing suction filtration, washing and drying;
(4) mixing 10-12 parts of porous silicon dioxide and 5-8 parts of graphene oxide, adding 200-220 parts of water, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20-40 min under the condition of frequency of 45-60 kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, mixing the mixed dispersion liquid with 40-60 parts of the substance obtained in the step (3), performing ultrasonic dispersion for 50-100 min under the condition of frequency of 45-55 kHz, performing rotary evaporation concentration at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, the rotating speed of 120-150 r/min and the pressure of 500-600 kPa until the water content is 0.1-0.2%, washing and drying the concentrate;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4). Optimally, the mixed pore-foaming agent in the step (2) is prepared by mixing toluene and cyclohexanol in a mass ratio of 1: 2-1: and 4, mixing, adding n-heptane with the mass 2-3 times that of the toluene, and stirring and mixing to obtain the mixed hole making agent.
Preferably, the porous silica obtained in the step (4) is prepared by mixing polyacrylamide gel and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 50-1: 85, stirring and dissolving, freezing and drying to obtain polyacrylamide porous gel, mixing the polyacrylamide porous gel with tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1: 9, mixing, adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the mass of 60-70 times that of polyacrylamide, water with the mass of 3-4 times that of polyacrylamide and ammonia water with the mass of 1-8 times that of polyacrylamide, stirring and mixing, filtering, standing for reaction, and calcining to obtain the porous silicon dioxide.
As optimization, the material with the efficient dust removal function comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of modified polystyrene microspheres, 6 parts of graphene oxide and 10 parts of porous silicon dioxide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microspheres are used in the preparation of the material with the efficient dust removal function, and the graphene oxide is added in the subsequent preparation process, firstly, the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microspheres have a porous structure and can be used as dust adsorption places in the use process of the product, so that the dust removal performance of the product is improved, and the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microspheres have better corrosion resistance to acid and alkali, so that the application range of the product can be improved; secondly, in the subsequent preparation process of the product, the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere can form a certain positive charge on the surface and in the pores of the microsphere under the action of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, and after being mixed with the added graphene oxide, the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere can be adsorbed on the surface and in the pores of the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere under the action of electrostatic force, so that the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere can be prevented from being excessively dissolved when being immersed in an organic solvent, the inside of the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere is dissolved, the outer side still has better strength, the porosity of the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere is improved, the dedusting performance of the product is further improved, and after being dissolved by the organic solvent, the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere is reduced in quality and can be more easily dispersed in the air in the use process, the dust removal efficiency of the product is improved;
(2) the invention adds sulfur dispersion liquid and porous silicon dioxide into polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere when preparing material with high-efficient dust-removing function, on one hand, the sulfur dispersion liquid is added in the preparation process of polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere, which can make sulfur fixed in the pore of polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere, and after the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere is immersed in organic solvent, the polystyrene-divinylbenzene around the sulfur is consumed, thereby the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere can move freely in the polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere, in the using process of product, because the sulfur can generate static electricity in the free moving process, the static electricity can make the oxidized graphene adsorbed on the surface of polystyrene-divinylbenzene microsphere charged through methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, therefore, dust in the air is adsorbed under the action of electrostatic force, the dust removal effect of the product is improved, and the sulfur has better moisture absorption performance, so that moisture in the air can be adsorbed in the use process of the product, and further the dust is adsorbed, so that the dust removal effect of the product is further improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the present invention, the following examples are used to describe the method for testing each index of the material with dust removal function, which is prepared in the following examples, as follows:
dust removal property: processing the material with the high-efficiency dust removal function obtained in each example and a comparative product by using the amount of 2g/m3 to treat dust gas with the same concentration and the same environment, measuring the weight gain rate of the product after 5h treatment, wherein the larger the weight gain is, the better the dust removal effect is;
long-lasting property: and (3) continuously placing the product subjected to the dust removal test in dust gas with the same concentration and the same environment, and measuring the weight gain rate of the product after 10 hours, wherein the larger the weight gain is, the better the dust removal effect and the lasting effect are.
Example 1:
a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of modified polystyrene microspheres, 6 parts of graphene oxide and 10 parts of porous silicon dioxide.
A production process of a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing sodium chloride and hydroxymethyl cellulose according to the mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing the materials in a beaker, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the mass of 0.3 time of that of sodium chloride and water with the mass of 10 times of that of the sodium chloride into the beaker, and stirring and mixing the materials for 60min under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 320 r/min;
(2) weighing the following components in parts by weight: mixing the styrene and the divinylbenzene in a flask, adding the azobisisobutyronitrile and the mixed hole-making agent into the flask, and stirring and mixing for 60min at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320 r/min;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (2) according to a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min under the condition that the frequency is 50kHz to obtain mixed dispersion liquid, and mixing the mixed dispersion liquid and sulfur dispersion liquid according to the mass ratio of 4: 1, mixing the mixture in a reaction kettle, adding methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride with the mass of 0.2 time of that of the mixed dispersion liquid into the reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 9 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320r/min, filtering to obtain pretreated polystyrene microspheres, extracting the pretreated polystyrene microspheres for 10 hours in a Soxhlet extractor by using dichloromethane, carrying out suction filtration to obtain polystyrene microsphere blanks, washing the polystyrene microsphere blanks respectively for 8 times by using ethanol and distilled water, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) mixing 10 parts of porous silicon dioxide and 6 parts of graphene oxide, adding 220 parts of water, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min under the condition of 50kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, mixing the mixed dispersion liquid with 50 parts of the substance obtained in the step (3), performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min under the condition of 55kHz, performing rotary evaporation concentration at 70 ℃ and 150r/min at the rotating speed under the pressure of 600kPa until the water content is 0.1%, washing the concentrate respectively with absolute ethyl alcohol and water for 6 times, and drying for 3h under the condition of 80 ℃;
(5) and (5) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
As optimization, the sulfur dispersion liquid in the step (3) is prepared by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 200, adding sodium thiosulfate 3 times of polyvinylpyrrolidone, stirring and mixing to obtain a sodium thiosulfate mixed dispersion liquid, mixing the sodium thiosulfate with 28% hydrochloric acid according to a volume ratio of 40: 1, mixing, stirring for reaction, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a sulfur dispersion liquid.
Preferably, the porous silica obtained in the step (4) is prepared by mixing polyacrylamide gel and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 85, stirring and dissolving, freezing and drying to obtain polyacrylamide porous gel, mixing the polyacrylamide porous gel with tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1: 9, adding absolute ethyl alcohol accounting for 70 times of the mass of the polyacrylamide, water accounting for 4 times of the mass of the polyacrylamide and ammonia water accounting for 5 times of the mass of the polyacrylamide, stirring and mixing, filtering, standing and reacting to obtain a porous silicon dioxide blank, and calcining the porous silicon dioxide blank for 3 hours at the temperature of 550ss ℃ to obtain the porous silicon dioxide.
Example 2:
a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of modified polystyrene microspheres, 6 parts of graphene oxide and 10 parts of porous silicon dioxide.
A production process of a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing sodium chloride and hydroxymethyl cellulose according to a mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing the materials in a beaker, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the mass of 0.3 time of that of sodium chloride and water with the mass of 10 times of that of the sodium chloride into the beaker, and stirring and mixing the materials for 60min under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 320 r/min;
(2) weighing the following components in parts by weight: mixing the styrene and the divinylbenzene in a flask, adding the azobisisobutyronitrile and the mixed hole-making agent into the flask, and stirring and mixing for 60min at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320 r/min;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (2) according to a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min under the condition that the frequency is 50kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, and mixing the mixed dispersion liquid with methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride according to the mass ratio of 5: 1, mixing the materials in a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 9 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320r/min, filtering to obtain pretreated polystyrene microspheres, extracting the pretreated polystyrene microspheres in a Soxhlet extractor for 10 hours by using dichloromethane, performing suction filtration to obtain polystyrene microsphere blanks, respectively washing the polystyrene microsphere blanks for 8 times by using ethanol and distilled water, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) mixing 10 parts of porous silicon dioxide and 6 parts of graphene oxide, adding 220 parts of water, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min under the condition of 50kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, mixing the mixed dispersion liquid with 50 parts of the substance obtained in the step (3), performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min under the condition of 55kHz, performing rotary evaporation concentration at 70 ℃ and 150r/min at the rotating speed under the pressure of 600kPa until the water content is 0.1%, washing the concentrate respectively with absolute ethyl alcohol and water for 6 times, and drying for 3h under the condition of 80 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
Preferably, the porous silica obtained in the step (4) is prepared by mixing polyacrylamide gel and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 85, stirring and dissolving, freezing and drying to obtain polyacrylamide porous gel, mixing the polyacrylamide porous gel with tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1: 9, adding absolute ethyl alcohol accounting for 70 times of the mass of the polyacrylamide, water accounting for 4 times of the mass of the polyacrylamide and ammonia water accounting for 5 times of the mass of the polyacrylamide, stirring and mixing, filtering, standing and reacting to obtain porous silicon dioxide blanks, and calcining the porous silicon dioxide blanks for 3 hours at the temperature of 550ss ℃ to obtain the porous silicon dioxide.
Example 3:
a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of modified polystyrene microspheres and 10 parts of porous silicon dioxide.
A production process of a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing sodium chloride and hydroxymethyl cellulose according to a mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing the materials in a beaker, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the mass of 0.3 time of that of sodium chloride and water with the mass of 10 times of that of the sodium chloride into the beaker, and stirring and mixing the materials for 60min under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 320 r/min;
(2) weighing the following components in parts by weight: mixing the styrene and the divinylbenzene in a flask, adding the azobisisobutyronitrile and the mixed hole-making agent into the flask, and stirring and mixing for 60min at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320 r/min;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (2) according to a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min under the condition that the frequency is 50kHz to obtain mixed dispersion liquid, and mixing the mixed dispersion liquid and sulfur dispersion liquid according to the mass ratio of 4: 1, mixing the mixture in a reaction kettle, adding methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride with the mass of 0.2 time of that of the mixed dispersion liquid into the reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 9 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320r/min, filtering to obtain pretreated polystyrene microspheres, extracting the pretreated polystyrene microspheres for 10 hours in a Soxhlet extractor by using dichloromethane, carrying out suction filtration to obtain polystyrene microsphere blanks, washing the polystyrene microsphere blanks respectively for 8 times by using ethanol and distilled water, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) mixing 10 parts of porous silicon dioxide and 220 parts of water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min under the condition of 50kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, mixing the mixed dispersion liquid with 50 parts of the substance obtained in the step (3), performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min under the condition of 55kHz, performing rotary evaporation concentration at the temperature of 70 ℃, the rotating speed of 150r/min and the pressure of 600kPa until the water content is 0.1%, respectively washing the concentrate with absolute ethyl alcohol and water for 6 times, and drying for 3h under the condition of 80 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
As optimization, the sulfur dispersion liquid in the step (3) is prepared by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 200, adding sodium thiosulfate 3 times of polyvinylpyrrolidone, stirring and mixing to obtain a sodium thiosulfate mixed dispersion liquid, mixing the sodium thiosulfate with 28% hydrochloric acid according to a volume ratio of 40: 1, mixing, stirring for reaction, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a sulfur dispersion liquid.
Preferably, the porous silica obtained in the step (4) is prepared by mixing polyacrylamide gel and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 85, stirring and dissolving, freezing and drying to obtain polyacrylamide porous gel, mixing the polyacrylamide porous gel with tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1: 9, adding absolute ethyl alcohol accounting for 70 times of the mass of the polyacrylamide, water accounting for 4 times of the mass of the polyacrylamide and ammonia water accounting for 5 times of the mass of the polyacrylamide, stirring and mixing, filtering, standing and reacting to obtain a porous silicon dioxide blank, and calcining the porous silicon dioxide blank for 3 hours at the temperature of 550ss ℃ to obtain the porous silicon dioxide.
Example 4:
a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of modified polystyrene microspheres and 6 parts of graphene oxide.
A production process of a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing sodium chloride and hydroxymethyl cellulose according to a mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing the materials in a beaker, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the mass of 0.3 time of that of sodium chloride and water with the mass of 10 times of that of the sodium chloride into the beaker, and stirring and mixing the materials for 60min under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 320 r/min;
(2) weighing the following components in parts by weight: mixing the styrene and the divinylbenzene in a flask, adding the azobisisobutyronitrile and the mixed hole-making agent into the flask, and stirring and mixing for 60min at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320 r/min;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (2) according to a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min under the condition that the frequency is 50kHz to obtain mixed dispersion liquid, and mixing the mixed dispersion liquid and sulfur dispersion liquid according to the mass ratio of 4: 1, mixing the mixture in a reaction kettle, adding methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride with the mass of 0.2 time of that of the mixed dispersion liquid into the reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 9 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320r/min, filtering to obtain pretreated polystyrene microspheres, extracting the pretreated polystyrene microspheres for 10 hours in a Soxhlet extractor by using dichloromethane, carrying out suction filtration to obtain polystyrene microsphere blanks, washing the polystyrene microsphere blanks respectively for 8 times by using ethanol and distilled water, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) mixing 220 parts of water and 6 parts of graphene oxide, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min under the condition of 50kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, mixing the mixed dispersion liquid with 50 parts of the substance obtained in the step (3), performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min under the condition of 55kHz, performing rotary evaporation concentration at the temperature of 70 ℃, the rotation speed of 150r/min and the pressure of 600kPa until the water content is 0.1%, respectively washing the concentrate with absolute ethyl alcohol and water for 6 times, and drying for 3h under the condition of 80 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
As optimization, the sulfur dispersion liquid in the step (3) is prepared by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 200, adding sodium thiosulfate 3 times of polyvinylpyrrolidone, stirring and mixing to obtain a sodium thiosulfate mixed dispersion liquid, mixing the sodium thiosulfate with 28% hydrochloric acid according to a volume ratio of 40: 1, mixing, stirring for reaction, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a sulfur dispersion liquid.
Comparative example:
a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of modified polystyrene microspheres.
A production process of a material with a high-efficiency dust removal function comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing sodium chloride and hydroxymethyl cellulose according to a mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing the materials in a beaker, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the mass of 0.3 time of that of sodium chloride and water with the mass of 10 times of that of the sodium chloride into the beaker, and stirring and mixing the materials for 60min under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 320 r/min;
(2) weighing the following components in parts by weight: mixing the styrene and the divinylbenzene in a flask, adding the azobisisobutyronitrile and the mixed hole-making agent into the flask, and stirring and mixing for 60min at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320 r/min;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (2) according to a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min under the condition that the frequency is 50kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, and mixing the mixed dispersion liquid with methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride according to the mass ratio of 5: 1, mixing the materials in a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 9 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320r/min, filtering to obtain pretreated polystyrene microspheres, extracting the pretreated polystyrene microspheres in a Soxhlet extractor for 10 hours by using dichloromethane, performing suction filtration to obtain polystyrene microsphere blanks, respectively washing the polystyrene microsphere blanks for 8 times by using ethanol and distilled water, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (3).
Effect example 1:
table 1 below shows the index analysis results of the materials having the high-efficiency dust removal function and the production processes thereof using examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and comparative examples.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1: compared with a comparative product, the material with the efficient dust removal function has excellent dust removal performance and still has certain dust removal capability after being used for a long time. Compared with the comparative example, the graphene oxide and the sulfur are added into the product in the example 4, so that static electricity is formed in the using process of the product, and the graphene oxide is distributed on the surface of the product, so that the dust removal performance of the product is effectively improved, but compared with the example 1, the dust removal effect of the product is seriously influenced when the porous silicon dioxide is not added, because the porous silicon dioxide can ensure the porosity of the product, the dust can be further adsorbed in the product under the moisture absorption effect of the sulfur and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, so that the dust removal performance of the product is improved, and when the porous silicon dioxide is not added, the surface of the product is covered by the graphene oxide, and only the surface layer can adsorb the dust; comparing example 3 with the comparative example, it can be found that the dust removal performance of the product can be effectively improved by adding sulfur and porous silica into the product, but from the data of example 3 and example 1, when the product does not contain graphene oxide, static electricity generated by sulfur cannot be uniformly distributed in the product, so that the dust removal performance of the product is reduced, and comparing example 2 with example 1, it can be found that the product has excellent dust removal performance by adding sulfur into the product.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference thereto is therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (2)
1. The material with the efficient dust removal function is characterized by mainly comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of modified polystyrene microspheres, 5-8 parts of graphene oxide and 10-12 parts of porous silicon dioxide; the material with the efficient dust removal function comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) mixing sodium chloride and hydroxymethyl cellulose according to a mass ratio of 1: 1-2: 1, mixing, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the mass of 0.1-0.3 time of that of sodium chloride and water with the mass of 8-10 times of that of sodium chloride, and stirring and mixing for 40-60 min under the conditions that the temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the rotating speed is 280-360 r/min;
(2) weighing the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of styrene, 8-12 parts of divinylbenzene, 3-5 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile and 40-60 parts of mixed pore-making agent, mixing the styrene and the divinylbenzene, adding the azobisisobutyronitrile and the mixed pore-making agent, and stirring and mixing for 30-80 min under the conditions that the temperature is 45-65 ℃ and the rotating speed is 300-360 r/min;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (2) according to a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10-20 min under the condition that the frequency is 45-55 kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, wherein the mixed dispersion liquid and a sulfur dispersion liquid are mixed according to a mass ratio of 4: 1-6: 1, mixing, adding methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride with the mass of 0.1-0.3 time of that of the mixed dispersion liquid, stirring and reacting for 8-9 h at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300-350 r/min, filtering to obtain pretreated polystyrene microspheres, performing Soxhlet extraction on the pretreated polystyrene microspheres, and performing suction filtration, washing and drying;
(4) mixing 10-12 parts of porous silicon dioxide and 5-8 parts of graphene oxide, adding 200-220 parts of water, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20-40 min under the condition of frequency of 45-60 kHz to obtain a mixed dispersion liquid, mixing the mixed dispersion liquid with 40-60 parts of the substance obtained in the step (3), performing ultrasonic dispersion for 50-100 min under the condition of frequency of 45-55 kHz, performing rotary evaporation concentration at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, the rotating speed of 120-150 r/min and the pressure of 500-600 kPa until the water content is 0.1-0.2%, washing and drying the concentrate;
(5) and (5) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4), wherein the sulfur dispersion liquid in the step (3) is prepared by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone and water according to a mass ratio of 1: 150-1: 200, adding sodium thiosulfate 2-3 times of polyvinylpyrrolidone, stirring and mixing to obtain a sodium thiosulfate mixed dispersion liquid, and mixing the sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid according to a volume ratio of 40: 1-60: 1, mixing, stirring for reaction, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a sulfur dispersion liquid;
the mixed pore-foaming agent in the step (2) is prepared by mixing toluene and cyclohexanol in a mass ratio of 1: 2-1: 4, mixing, adding n-heptane with the mass 2-3 times that of the toluene, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed hole making agent;
and (4) the porous silicon dioxide is prepared by mixing polyacrylamide gel and water according to the mass ratio of 1: 50-1: 85, stirring and dissolving, freezing and drying to obtain polyacrylamide porous gel, mixing the polyacrylamide porous gel with tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1: 9, mixing, adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the mass of 60-70 times that of polyacrylamide, water with the mass of 3-4 times that of polyacrylamide and ammonia water with the mass of 1-8 times that of polyacrylamide, stirring and mixing, filtering, standing for reaction, and calcining to obtain the porous silicon dioxide.
2. The material with the high-efficiency dust removing function is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of modified polystyrene microspheres, 6 parts of graphene oxide and 10 parts of porous silicon dioxide.
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