CN110692484A - Method for building protective forest in subarctic zone strong wind desert grassland area - Google Patents
Method for building protective forest in subarctic zone strong wind desert grassland area Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110692484A CN110692484A CN201911166436.7A CN201911166436A CN110692484A CN 110692484 A CN110692484 A CN 110692484A CN 201911166436 A CN201911166436 A CN 201911166436A CN 110692484 A CN110692484 A CN 110692484A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- forest
- year
- planted
- row
- planting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for constructing a protection forest in a severe wind desert grassland area in a sub-cold zone, and relates to the technical field of afforestation in the desert area. The method disclosed by the invention comprises 5 parts of land improvement, forest tree selection, nursery stock storage, forest belt layout and maintenance management, and the sub-cold zone strong wind desert grassland area protection system main body constructed on the basis not only can play a role in resisting strong wind and improving the microclimate environment within the protection target range, but also can provide reference for forestation in the sub-cold zone arid area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of afforestation in desert regions, and particularly relates to a method for building a protection forest in a severe wind desert grassland region in a sub-cold zone.
Background
The construction of protection forests is an important prevention and control strategy adopted by countries in the world to deal with natural disasters and ecological problems. The method has the advantages that the protective forest is built according to the planned destination, the wind erosion, the desertification, the water and soil loss and the debris flow of the land can be prevented and controlled, the harm of strong wind is reduced, the atmosphere, the soil and the water body are purified, the noise, the acid rain and the like are reduced, the environment is improved, the ecological balance is maintained, and the regional economic development is promoted.
The subcold zone is between 50 degrees and 65 degrees of north latitude, and is severe and long in winter, and the accumulated snow is thick; the summer is warm but short, the annual precipitation is 300-600 mm, the summer is mostly cooled, the temperature is low, and the evaporation is weak. Therefore, the construction of the shelter forest also becomes an important measure for the oasis city in the subarctic zone strong wind desert grassland area to resist natural disasters such as strong wind, cold tide and the like.
So far, Chinese patent (CN 103563629A) discloses a comprehensive matching method for the construction of a degenerated grass pasture protection forest, and provides a matching technology for drought resistance, soil moisture conservation and soil preparation of the degenerated grass pasture and four-season forestation. Chinese patent (CN 105191744A) discloses a method for planting oasis protection forest in arid desert area. However, due to special climatic factors of severe wind in the subarctic zone in the desert grassland area, the climate is long and severe in winter, short in warm seasons, particularly poor and high in annual temperature, rare in rainfall and frequent in windy weather. Therefore, the existing method for building the shelter forest faces a plurality of problems of large initial planting density, improper structure configuration technology, inconsistent forest-water relationship and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for building a protection forest in a severe wind desert grassland area in a sub-cold zone, which is used for constructing a protection system main body integrating land improvement, forest tree selection, nursery stock storage, forest zone layout and maintenance management, and not only can play roles in preventing wind and improving microclimate environment, but also provides reference for afforestation in a severe wind arid area in the sub-cold zone.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for building a shelter forest in a severe wind desert grassland area in a sub-cold zone, which comprises the following steps: (1) 3 years before afforestation, the soil is ploughed and then exposed to the sun every year;
(2) and (3) selecting cold-resistant, drought-resistant and salt-resistant arbor and shrub tree species, and planting in a strip shape according to the row direction forming an angle of 60 degrees with the main wind direction.
Preferably, the plowing soil of the step (1) comprises: the plowing depth in the first year is 25cm, the plowing depth in the second year is 35cm, and the plowing depth in the third year is 45 cm.
Preferably, the tree species planted in the strip shape in the step (2) is a 2-year seedling.
Preferably, the species of the arbor include: pinus sylvestris, acer negundo, elaeagnus angustifolia, ulmus pumila, betula alba or salix matsudana; the shrub comprises: blackcurrant, tamarix chinensis, sea buckthorn, cherry, honeysuckle or clove.
Preferably, when the strip is planted, each strip comprises 6 rows, each strip comprises 3 plants, and each plant is planted in 2 rows, and row-to-row mixed crossing is carried out.
Preferably, in each zone, 2 rows of trees are planted in the middle, and two rows of shrubs are planted on the two sides of each tree, or 1 row of trees and 1 row of shrubs are planted on the outermost sides of each tree.
Preferably, the plant row spacing between adjacent plants in each band is 2 x 4 m; the distance between two adjacent forest belts is 12 m.
Preferably, after the strip planting in the step (2), irrigating for 2 times and weeding for 2 times in the first year of planting in the growing season; ploughing and weeding for 2 times every year from the second year to before the forest belt is closed, and monitoring plant diseases and insect pests.
The invention also provides application of the protection forest established by the method in constructing a desert grassland urban peripheral protection system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) based on regional water resource balance and ecological water demand theory, the low-density planting technology of the protective species and the relation of local forest water are optimized and coordinated, and the protection benefit of the ecological barrier and the sustainable development of forest belts are realized. (2) By establishing a planting zone consisting of different plants of arbor and shrub, taking urban protection benefit and regional ecological benefit as cores, and according to the ecological characteristics of different species, utilizing a strip inter-row mixed planting technology, reasonably optimizing a forest zone layout scheme to form an artificial protection forest of a desert grassland area, and constructing a main body of a desert grassland area urban peripheral protection system on the basis, so that the arbor and shrub are reasonably configured, and short-term and long-term protection targets of the protection forest are organically combined in the protection forest construction of the desert grassland area in the sub-cold zone, thereby not only effectively playing roles of preventing wind and improving urban microclimate, but also playing a technical guidance role in the protection forest construction of the arid region in the sub-cold zone.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the effect of a Nuoll Sudan forest planted for 1 year;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the efficacy of Nuoll Sudan forest after 6 years of planting.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for building a shelter forest in a severe wind desert grassland area in a sub-cold zone, which comprises the following steps:
(1) 3 years before afforestation, the soil is ploughed and then exposed to the sun every year;
(2) cold-resistant, drought-resistant and salt-resistant arbor and shrub tree species are selected and planted in a strip shape at an angle of 60 degrees with the main wind direction.
In the method, the soil is ploughed and then exposed to the sun every year 3 years before afforestation. The plowed soil of the present invention preferably comprises: the plowing depth in the first year is 25cm, the plowing depth in the second year is 35cm, and the plowing depth in the third year is 45 cm. The deep ploughing is preferably carried out in spring every year, and the method for deep ploughing is not particularly limited, and a ploughing machine is preferably used for ploughing the land. According to the invention, the soil is deeply ploughed and exposed, so that on one hand, the grass is deeply buried in the soil, and the soil fertility is improved; on the other hand, the ploughed soil is exposed to the sun to eliminate soil texture viruses, insect larvae and ova. The invention can be used for afforestation after three years of deep ploughing and insolation.
The method selects cold-resistant, drought-resistant and salt-resistant arbor and shrub species, and carries out strip planting according to the row direction which forms an angle of 60 degrees with the main wind direction. The preferable tree and shrub species in the invention are rural species. When the zonal planting is carried out, the characteristics of short growing season, slow tree growth and the like of a subarctic zone are considered, the seedlings are grown 2 years in advance, and the seedlings are grown 2 years in advance by using the tree seeds for afforestation so as to adapt to cold climate. The species of the arbor of the present invention preferably include: pinus sylvestris, acer negundo, elaeagnus angustifolia, ulmus pumila, betula alba or salix matsudana; the species of shrub preferably includes: blackcurrant, tamarix chinensis, sea buckthorn cherry, honeysuckle, clove and the like.
When the strip-shaped plants are planted, each strip preferably comprises 3 plants, each plant is planted in 2 rows, and one strip with 6 rows is planted. In each zone, 2 rows of trees are planted in the middle, two rows of shrubs are planted on two sides of each tree, or 1 row of trees and 1 row of shrubs are planted on two sides of each tree, and the shrubs are located on the outermost sides. The tree species of each zone are in axial symmetry, namely the tree species of each zone are distributed in a mode of 'first shrub-second shrub-arbor-second shrub-first shrub' on the plane or in a mode of 'shrub-first arbor-second arbor-first arbor-shrub' on the plane. According to the invention, when the strip-shaped plants are planted, trees and shrubs are combined, the protection benefit is combined with the economic benefit, the rainfall of the desert grassland and the water consumption of the trees are fully considered, and the biological characteristics of the trees are fully considered, the strip-shaped forestation is mainly selected at the early stage of large-area forestation, and the trees and shrubs are combined and form an angle of 60 degrees with the main wind direction; meanwhile, the method can also adapt to the characteristics of less rainfall and frequent climate of strong wind in the subarctic zone. The plant spacing between two adjacent lines of plants in each zone is based on the comprehensive canopy according to the plant biological characteristics, the preferred plant row spacing is 2 x 4m, the middle is 2 rows of trees, and 2 rows are planted on two sides of each tree respectively to form a landscape effect in the shape of a Chinese character 'shan'. The interval between two adjacent forest belts is preferably 12 meters, so that the full expansion of tree root systems can be ensured, enough water can be absorbed, the rapid growth of plants can be promoted, and the protection effect can be rapidly achieved.
The present invention preferably further comprises irrigating 2 times and weeding 2 times in the first year of planting in the growing season after the strip planting. The invention mainly monitors plant diseases and insect pests, prevents rabbit and mouse damage, prevents livestock from trampling and investigates forest growth after the first year of planting, and does not need artificial irrigation.
The invention also provides application of the protection forest established by the method in a desert grassland urban peripheral protection system. According to the method, the artificial protection forest of the desert grassland area is formed by establishing the planting zone consisting of different plants of arbor and shrub, and the main body of the urban peripheral protection system of the desert grassland area with strong wind in the sub-cold zone is constructed on the basis, so that the arbor and shrub are reasonably configured, the low-density optimized combination and the short-term and long-term protection targets of the protection forest are organically combined in the protection forest construction of the desert grassland area in the sub-cold zone, and the method not only can effectively play roles in preventing wind and improving urban microclimate, but also plays a technical guidance role in the protection forest construction of the arid zone in the sub-cold zone.
The method for constructing a shelter forest in a severe wind desert grassland area in a sub-cold zone provided by the invention is described in detail by the following embodiments, but the method cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the invention.
Example 1
The following experiments were performed in the demonstration area north of kazakhstan, redun sudan:
1. ploughing the land, continuously ploughing the land layer by layer in spring by using a large machine three years before afforestation, and solarizing;
2. screening tree species, namely screening blackcurrants, acer negundo and elaeagnus angustifolia as planting tree species according to the local poor soil texture condition;
3. storing the nursery stock, and selecting the 2-year-old nursery stock cultured by the seeds in the nursery. Due to heavy snowfall in winter, the planting field is muddy and wet, and the machine cannot normally work in the early stage. Therefore, in early spring, after digging seedlings, the seedlings need to be deeply buried in snow and planted for 5 months;
4. mechanical planting, namely dipping roots with water-retaining agent and rare earth before planting, so as to ensure that the root system of the nursery stock is not dried by strong wind in the planting process and also enhance the water-retaining effect of the root system of the plant; planting the plants in a row space of 4 meters and 2 meters by using 6 mechanical plants;
5. the forest belt layout comprises 6 rows of 3 plants, wherein the acer negundo is planted in the middle of the belt, 1 row of elaeagnus angustifolia is planted on each 2 side of the acer negundo, and blackcurrants are planted on each 2 side of the 2 rows of the elaeagnus angustifolia;
6. and (4) maintenance management, namely immediately building a small cofferdam at the root of the planted forest after planting, immediately irrigating by using a water pulling truck, and irrigating for 1 time again at the beginning of 7 months in the middle of 6 months.
By utilizing the method, in the green ring project of the first circle of Knudot Sudan of Kazakhstan, landscape pictures of the Knudot Sudan forest after 1 year and 6 years of planting are shown in figures 1 and 2, the survival rate of the protective species reaches more than 85%, the whole growth situation of the forest belt is good, and the protective benefit and the landscape effect are gradually shown.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for building a protection forest in a severe wind desert grassland area in a sub-cold zone is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) 3 years before afforestation, the soil is ploughed and then exposed to the sun every year;
(2) and (3) selecting cold-resistant, drought-resistant and salt-resistant arbor and shrub tree species, and planting in a strip shape according to the row direction forming an angle of 60 degrees with the main wind direction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plowing the soil of step (1) comprises: the plowing depth in the first year is 25cm, the plowing depth in the second year is 35cm, and the plowing depth in the third year is 45 cm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said banded planted trees of step (2) are 2 year old seedlings.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the type of arbor comprises: pinus sylvestris, acer negundo, elaeagnus angustifolia, ulmus pumila, betula alba or salix matsudana; the shrub comprises: blackcurrant, tamarix chinensis, sea buckthorn, cherry, honeysuckle or clove.
5. The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein the strips are planted in 6 rows per strip, each strip comprising 3 plants, and each plant is planted in 2 rows, and wherein the row-to-row crossing is performed.
6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that in each zone, 2 rows of trees are planted in the middle, two rows of shrubs or 1 row of trees and 1 row of shrubs are planted on either side of the trees, with shrubs on the outermost side.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the plant row spacing between adjacent plants in each band is 2 x 4 m; the distance between two adjacent forest belts is 12 m.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the strip planting in step (2), further comprising the steps of ensuring 2 times of irrigation and 2 times of weeding in the first year of planting in the growing season; ploughing and weeding for 2 times every year from the second year to before the forest belt is closed, and monitoring plant diseases and insect pests.
9. Use of a shelter forest constructed by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 in an urban peripheral protection system in desert grassland areas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911166436.7A CN110692484A (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Method for building protective forest in subarctic zone strong wind desert grassland area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911166436.7A CN110692484A (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Method for building protective forest in subarctic zone strong wind desert grassland area |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110692484A true CN110692484A (en) | 2020-01-17 |
Family
ID=69206682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911166436.7A Pending CN110692484A (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Method for building protective forest in subarctic zone strong wind desert grassland area |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110692484A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103563629A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-02-12 | 陈立新 | Method for comprehensive matching in degenerated grassland protection forest construction |
| CN108718851A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-11-02 | 新疆农垦科学院 | A kind of implantation methods of northwest Desert Regions shelter-forest |
-
2019
- 2019-11-25 CN CN201911166436.7A patent/CN110692484A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103563629A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-02-12 | 陈立新 | Method for comprehensive matching in degenerated grassland protection forest construction |
| CN108718851A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-11-02 | 新疆农垦科学院 | A kind of implantation methods of northwest Desert Regions shelter-forest |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘忠等: "荒漠草原区防护林营造试验 ", 《畜牧与饲料科学》 * |
| 吉尔格郎: "草原屏障――牧场防护林 ", 《内蒙古林业》 * |
| 明方福等: "贺兰山东麓半荒漠地区草原防护林营造技术研究初报 ", 《宁夏农林科技》 * |
| 河南省水利厅水土保持局: "《水土保持技术问答》", 31 May 1958 * |
| 王春华: "农田防护林规划设计技术的研究 ", 《吉林林业科技》 * |
| 陈道军等: "荒漠区高效防护林体系营建技术初探 ", 《甘肃林业科技》 * |
| 魏志群等: "长江防护林体系营建技术研究 ", 《人民长江》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Sterk | Causes, consequences and control of wind erosion in Sahelian Africa: a review | |
| Aase et al. | Stubble height effects on seasonal microclimate, water balance, and plant development of no-till winter wheat | |
| CN103053242B (en) | Desert control method by three-dimensional cyclic planting | |
| CN107318418A (en) | Method for establishing artificial grassland in arid region of subalpine | |
| CN103168584A (en) | Short spike cuttage breeding mode for sweet osmanthus in autumn and winter in north | |
| Mondal et al. | Optimum sowing window for boro cultivation in the coastal zone of Bangladesh | |
| CN105453984B (en) | A kind of high altitude sand cypress introduction and cultivation method | |
| Evans | The art of protecting grapevines from low temperature injury | |
| Li | Soil and water conservation in arid and semi-arid areas: The Chinese experience | |
| CN100396173C (en) | Method of preventing and/or inhibiting violet berba lycopi to invade ecological system | |
| CN102428863A (en) | Subsoil-free rapid propagation and seedling method of tea tree | |
| Kithan | Indigenous system of Paddy cultivation in Terrace and Jhum fields among the Nagas of Nagaland | |
| CN112005822B (en) | Breeding method of crocus sativus seedballs | |
| CN101176414B (en) | Method for the overwintering of double-layer overlapping type fruit tree | |
| Inafuku-Teramoto et al. | Production approaches to establish effective cultivation methods for Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) under cold and semi-arid climate conditions. | |
| Orlovsky | Climate of turkmenistan | |
| CN110463455A (en) | A kind of method of middle areas in Shandong Province's Hardwood Cuttings In Fig breeding and seedling | |
| CN105594413A (en) | Layered planting method of Dutch tulip | |
| CN110896807A (en) | Planting method for preventing farmland wind erosion in desert oasis area | |
| CN107371716A (en) | The method for quickly controlling weeds under economic forest using resistance to shady Korea lawn grass | |
| CN104082024A (en) | Method for cultivating Poa trialis L. in shade environment | |
| CN110692484A (en) | Method for building protective forest in subarctic zone strong wind desert grassland area | |
| Zollner | Sand dune stabilization in Central Somalia | |
| Greb | Snowfall and its potential management in the semiarid central Great Plains | |
| CN1044067C (en) | Evergreen grass cultivating method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200117 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |