CN110692342B - Potato collecting and sorting device - Google Patents
Potato collecting and sorting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110692342B CN110692342B CN201911119554.2A CN201911119554A CN110692342B CN 110692342 B CN110692342 B CN 110692342B CN 201911119554 A CN201911119554 A CN 201911119554A CN 110692342 B CN110692342 B CN 110692342B
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- conveyor belt
- potatoes
- rotating
- roller
- soil
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- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D13/00—Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/08—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with shaker type screens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/14—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with cylindrical screens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a potato collecting and sorting device, and belongs to the technical field of potato collecting equipment. The device comprises a device body, a shovel board, a separating mechanism, a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, a stirring mechanism and a sorting mechanism, wherein the device body comprises two side plates, the two side plates are fixedly connected together through a plurality of connecting rods, rollers are rotatably arranged on the opposite sides of the two side plates, the shovel board is obliquely arranged between the two side plates, the separating mechanism can separate potatoes and branches and leaves on the shovel board, the first conveyor belt is obliquely arranged on the right side of the shovel board, the second conveyor belt is horizontally arranged on the right side of the first conveyor belt, a plurality of second perforations are formed in the belt surface of the second conveyor belt, the stirring mechanism can stir potatoes and soil on the second conveyor belt, and the sorting mechanism can sort the potatoes on the second conveyor belt according to size. The invention can separate potatoes from stems and leaves, can classify collected potatoes according to size, and is simple and practical.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of potato collection equipment, and relates to a potato collection and sorting device.
Background
Potato belongs to annual herbaceous plants of Solanaceae, tubers can be eaten, is a fourth most important food crop worldwide, is next to wheat, rice and corn, contains a large amount of starch, can provide abundant calories for human bodies, is rich in protein, amino acid, multiple vitamins and minerals, and especially has the most complete vitamin content in all food crops.
Because potato grows under earth, stem leaves grow on the soil, traditional collection mode is by the manual work digs out the potato from soil, then separate potato and stem leaves, collection efficiency is low, in order to satisfy the demand of gathering in a large scale, potato harvester has appeared in the market, but this kind of equipment can not be fine with potato and stem leaves separation, the conveyer belt is blocked easily to the stem leaves, need regularly clear up the conveyer belt, waste time and energy, the potato that gathers moreover all falls to the ground, need the manual work to pick up, classify the potato again, the work load of workman has been increased in the intangible, the efficiency of potato harvesting is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a potato collecting and sorting device which can separate potatoes from stems and leaves and sort the collected potatoes according to the size, and is simple and practical.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
A potato harvesting and sorting apparatus comprising: an apparatus body, the apparatus body having: the two side plates are fixedly connected together through a plurality of connecting rods, and the opposite surfaces of the two side plates are provided with rollers in a rotating mode; the traction rod is horizontally and fixedly connected to the left side of the device body;
The shovel comprises a shovel body, a device body, a plurality of side plates, a plurality of tooth tip plates, a plurality of through holes, a plurality of vibration motors, a plurality of shovel blades, a plurality of gear teeth, a gear tooth and a gear tooth, wherein the shovel body is rotatably arranged between the two side plates through a rotating shaft;
The separation mechanism is arranged above the right side edge of the shovel plate and can separate potatoes and stems from leaves on the shovel plate;
The first conveyor belt is obliquely arranged on the right side of the shovel plate, and the left side of the first conveyor belt is positioned below the right side edge of the shovel plate;
The second conveyor belt is horizontally arranged on the right side of the first conveyor belt, the left side of the second conveyor belt is positioned below the right side of the first conveyor belt, and a plurality of second perforations are formed in the belt surface of the second conveyor belt;
the stirring mechanism is arranged above the second conveyor belt and can stir potatoes and soil on the second conveyor belt to enable the soil to fall off through the second perforation;
and the sorting mechanism is arranged on the right side of the second conveyor belt and can sort potatoes on the second conveyor belt according to the size.
In the above potato harvesting and sorting apparatus, the separating mechanism comprises:
the blocking rods are uniformly spaced and vertically arranged on the right side edge of the mud shovel, and a first gap is formed between two adjacent blocking rods;
the waste material frame is fixedly arranged between the two side plates and positioned at the left side of the stop lever, and a plurality of strip-shaped guide gaps are formed in the right side coaming of the waste material frame;
The first motor is fixedly arranged on one side edge;
The first rotating shaft vertically rotates and is arranged between the two side plates, a roller is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft, a plurality of stirring hooks are arranged on the wheel surface of the roller, a plurality of material guiding gaps and a plurality of first gaps are in one-to-one correspondence, one end of the first rotating shaft extends out of one side plate and the end of the first rotating shaft is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the first motor, and when the first rotating shaft rotates anticlockwise, the stirring hooks sequentially penetrate through the first gaps and the corresponding material guiding gaps.
In the potato collecting and sorting device, the rubber layer is wrapped on the outer side of the stirring hook.
In the potato collecting and sorting device, the belt surface of the first conveyor belt is vertically provided with a plurality of rubber baffles, and the long side direction of each rubber baffle is parallel to the width direction of the first conveyor belt.
In the above-mentioned potato harvesting and sorting apparatus, the stirring mechanism includes:
the three fixing rods are vertically and fixedly arranged between the two side plates and are positioned above the second conveyor belt;
The first inclined baffle plate and the second inclined baffle plate are symmetrically arranged above the second conveyor belt through three fixing rods, the first inclined baffle plate and the second inclined baffle plate are perpendicular to the belt surface of the second conveyor belt, a material guide channel is formed among the first inclined baffle plate, the second inclined baffle plate and the second conveyor belt, and the opening of the material guide channel is gradually reduced from left to right;
the potato and soil on the second conveyor belt can be driven to rotate by the rotating structure, the potato and soil can be stirred by the rotating structure, and the soil on the second conveyor belt can fall from the second perforation.
In the above-mentioned potato harvesting and sorting apparatus, the rotating structure includes:
the rotating rod is vertically arranged on the lower side surface of the fixed rod in a rotating way;
The rubber rods are arranged on the outer sides of the rotating rods in a circumferential rotating mode.
In the above potato harvesting and sorting apparatus, the sorting mechanism includes:
the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are fixedly arranged between the two side plates and are positioned on the right side of the second conveyor belt;
The three second rotating shafts are arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate in a rotating mode and are parallel to each other, the three second rotating shafts are in a tilting state with high left and low right, a second roller and a first roller are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the second rotating shafts in sequence from left to right, the right end of the second roller is connected with the left end of the first roller, the left end of the second roller is positioned below the right side of the second conveyor belt, and a stepped second gap is formed between two adjacent second rotating shafts;
The linkage structure can enable two adjacent second rotating shafts to reversely rotate;
and the driving unit can drive one of the second rotating shafts to rotate.
In the potato collecting and sorting device, the linkage structure comprises three first gears, the right ends of the three second rotating shafts extend out of the second supporting plates, the end parts of the second rotating shafts are fixedly connected with the three first gears respectively, and the two connected first gears are connected in a meshed mode.
In the potato collecting and sorting device, the driving unit comprises a second motor, the second motor is fixedly arranged between the two side plates, and an output shaft of the second motor is in transmission connection with one of the second rotating shafts.
In the potato collecting and sorting device, a first receiving cylinder is fixedly arranged below the left end of the second roller, a second receiving cylinder is fixedly arranged below the left end of the first roller, and a third receiving cylinder is fixedly arranged below the right side of the first roller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. The tractor drives the device body to advance through the traction rod, the shovel board moves forwards, soil and potatoes are shoveled by the toothed tip plate, then the shovel board moves obliquely to the right along the shovel board, meanwhile, the vibration motor is started to drive the shovel board to vibrate up and down around the rotating shaft, part of soil falls off through the first perforation, the potatoes and stems and leaves moving to the right side of the shovel board are separated by the separating mechanism, the potatoes and the soil fall onto the first conveyor belt and are conveyed to the second conveyor belt by the first conveyor belt, then the potatoes and the soil on the second conveyor belt are stirred by the stirring mechanism, the soil falls off through the second perforation, the potatoes are conveyed to the sorting mechanism by the second conveyor belt, and the sorting mechanism sorts the potatoes according to size, so that the collection and sorting work is completed, and the device is simple and efficient;
2. The first motor is started to drive the stirring hook on the first rotating shaft and the roller to rotate anticlockwise, when the potato with stems and leaves moves to the lower part of the roller, the stirring hook stirs soil, the stems and leaves are hooked by the stirring hook, the stems and leaves which are not hooked move to the right side edge of the mud shoveling plate and are blocked by the blocking rods, the potato and the soil fall onto the first conveying belt, the stirring hook drives the stems and leaves on the blocking rods to pass through a first gap between the two blocking rods and then rotate to the upper part of the waste frame, the stems and leaves fall into the waste frame, the stirring hook continues to rotate to pass through the material guiding notch, the potato and the stems and leaves on the mud shoveling plate are stirred again, and then the stems and leaves are driven to rotate to the waste frame, so that the operation is simple and the separation effect is good; in addition, the rotation of the stirring hook can break up the agglomerated soil, the potato and the soil are initially separated, and the fine soil directly falls from the first perforation of the shovel mud plate, so that the structure is simple;
3. Because the first conveyor belt is obliquely arranged, the rubber baffle can prevent potatoes and soil from sliding down from the first conveyor belt, and can uniformly convey the potatoes and the soil, so that the structure is simple;
4. When the potatoes and the soil move from left to right on the second conveyor belt, the rubber rod on the rotating rod is driven to rotate, and the rubber rod stirs the potatoes and the soil on the second conveyor belt, so that the soil falls off through the second perforation, the separation of the soil and the potatoes is realized, and the operation is simple; in addition, the first inclined baffle plate and the second inclined baffle plate play a role in guiding the potatoes and the soil, so that the potatoes and the soil can only move along the material feeding channel and sequentially pass through a plurality of rotating structures, and the soil separation effect is improved;
5. Starting a second motor to drive one of the second rotating shafts and the first gears to rotate, driving two adjacent first gears to rotate through the first gears, enabling the other two second rotating shafts to rotate, enabling potatoes on the second conveying belt to fall into two second gaps, enabling the potatoes with the size smaller than the distance between the two second rotating shafts to fall into a first receiving cylinder, enabling the remaining potatoes to slide downwards along the second gaps due to the fact that the second rotating shafts are obliquely arranged, enabling the potatoes with the size smaller than the distance between the two first rotating shafts to fall into the second receiving cylinder when the potatoes slide downwards between the two first rotating shafts, enabling the remaining potatoes to slide downwards continuously to the right, enabling the remaining potatoes to fall into a third receiving cylinder when the potatoes slide downwards between the two first rotating shafts, and enabling the remaining potatoes to be classified and screened according to the size of the potatoes due to the fact that the distance between the two second rotating shafts is larger; in addition, because the rotation directions of two adjacent second rotating shafts are opposite, the potato is rubbed with the surfaces of the second roller and the first roller in the process of sliding downwards rightwards, and soil on the surface of the potato can be removed while sorting, so that the potato sorting machine is simple and practical.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a local bean collection and sorting device;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the construction of the mud shovel;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view at B-B in FIG. 2;
Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view at C in fig. 2.
In the figure, 1, a side plate; 11. a roller; 12. a traction rod; 121. a connecting block; 122. a bolt hole; 13. a connecting rod; 2. a mud-shoveling plate; 21. a tooth tip plate; 22. a first perforation; 23. a stop lever; 231. a first gap; 24. a rotating shaft; 25. a vibration motor; 3. a first rotating shaft; 31. a roller; 32. a stirring hook; 33. a waste frame; 331. a material guiding notch; 4. a first conveyor belt; 41. a rubber baffle; 5. a second conveyor belt; 51. a second perforation; 52. a first inclined baffle; 53. a second inclined baffle; 54. a fixed rod; 55. a rotating lever; 551. a rubber rod; 56. a material guiding channel; 6. a first support plate; 61. a second support plate; 62. a second rotating shaft; 621. a first gear; 63. a first roller; 64. a second drum; 65. a second motor; 66. a second gap; 7. a first receiving cylinder; 71. a second receiving cylinder; 72. and a third receiving cylinder.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a potato collecting and sorting apparatus includes an apparatus body, a shovel plate 2, a separating mechanism, a first conveyor belt 4, a second conveyor belt 5, a stirring mechanism, and a sorting mechanism.
The device body comprises two side plates 1 and a traction rod 11, wherein the two side plates 1 are parallel to each other and are arranged in a front-back opposite mode, the two side plates 1 are fixedly connected together through a plurality of connecting rods 13, two rollers 11 are rotatably arranged on opposite surfaces of the two side plates 1, the traction rod 12 is horizontally and fixedly connected to the left side of the device body through the connecting rods 13, a connecting block 121 is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the device body, of the traction rod 12, and a bolt hole 122 is formed in the connecting block 121.
The shovel comprises a shovel body, and is characterized in that a rotating shaft 24 is rotatably arranged between two side plates 1, two ends of the rotating shaft 24 are respectively perpendicular to the two side plates 1, a shovel body 2 is rotatably arranged between the two side plates 1 through the rotating shaft 24, a vibrating motor 25 is arranged between the two side plates 1, the vibrating motor 25 is fixedly connected with the lower side face of the shovel body 2, the shovel body 2 is in a tilting state with low left and high right, a tooth tip plate 21 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the shovel body 2 extending out of the left side and the edge of the device body, and a plurality of perforations 22 are formed in the shovel body 2.
The vibrating motor 25 is fixedly arranged between the two side plates 1, and the vibrating motor 25 is fixedly connected with the lower side face of the shovel board 2.
The separating mechanism is arranged above the right side edge of the shovel board 2, and can separate potatoes and stems and leaves on the shovel board 2.
The first conveyor belt 4 is obliquely arranged on the right side of the shovel board 2, and the left side of the first conveyor belt 4 is positioned below the right side edge of the shovel board 2.
The second conveyor belt 5 is horizontally arranged on the right side of the first conveyor belt 4, the left side of the second conveyor belt 5 is positioned below the right side of the first conveyor belt 4, and a plurality of second perforations 51 are arranged on the belt surface of the second conveyor belt 5, preferably, the second perforations 51 are in a strip shape.
The stirring mechanism is arranged above the second conveyor belt 5, and can stir potatoes and soil on the second conveyor belt 5 to enable the soil to fall down through the second perforation 51.
The sorting mechanism is arranged on the right side of the second conveyor belt 5, and the sorting mechanism can sort potatoes on the second conveyor belt 5 according to size.
The tractor is detachably connected with the device body through the connecting block 121 on the bolt and the traction rod 12, the tractor drives the device body to advance, the shovel plate 2 moves forward, soil and potatoes are shoveled up by the toothed tip plate 21 and then move rightward along the shovel plate 2 in an inclined mode, meanwhile, the vibration motor 25 is started to drive the shovel plate 2 to vibrate up and down around the rotating shaft 24, part of soil falls down through the first perforation 22, preliminary separation of the potatoes and the soil is achieved, the potatoes and the soil continue to move to the right side of the shovel plate 2, the separation mechanism separates the potatoes and stems and leaves which move to the right side of the shovel plate 2, the potatoes and the soil fall onto the first conveyor belt 4, the potatoes and the soil are conveyed to the second conveyor belt 5 through the first conveyor belt 4, then the potatoes and the soil on the second conveyor belt 5 are stirred through the stirring mechanism, the soil falls down through the second perforation 51, the potatoes are conveyed to the sorting mechanism through the second conveyor belt 5, and the sorting mechanism sorts the potatoes according to size, collection and sorting work are simple and efficient.
In particular, the separating mechanism comprises a number of bars 23, a waste frame 33, a first motor 34 and a first shaft 3.
The blocking rods 23 are uniformly spaced and vertically arranged on the right side edge of the mud shovel 2, and a first gap 231 is formed between two adjacent blocking rods 23.
The waste frame 33 is fixedly arranged between the two side plates 1 and positioned on the left side of the stop lever 23, and a plurality of strip-shaped material guide notches 331 and a plurality of material guide notches 331 are arranged on the right side coaming of the waste frame 33.
The first motor 34 is fixed to one of the side edges 1.
The first rotating shaft 3 is vertically and rotatably arranged between the two side plates 1, the first rotating shaft 3 is fixedly provided with a roller 31, the wheel surface of the roller 31 is provided with a plurality of stirring hooks 32, the material guiding gaps 331 and the first gaps 231 are in one-to-one correspondence, one end of the first rotating shaft 3 extends out of one side plate 1 and the end is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the first motor 34, and when the first rotating shaft 3 rotates anticlockwise, the stirring hooks 32 sequentially penetrate through the first gaps 231 and the corresponding material guiding gaps 331.
The cross-sectional dimension of the stirring hook 32 is smaller than the width of the first gap 231, and the cross-sectional dimension of the stirring hook 32 is smaller than the width of the material guiding notch 331.
When the potato with stems and leaves moves to the lower side of the roller 31, the stirring hooks 32 stir soil, the stems and leaves are hooked by the stirring hooks 32, the stems and leaves which are not hooked move to the right edge of the shovel board 2 and are blocked by the blocking rods 23, the potato and soil fall onto the first conveyor belt 4, the stirring hooks 32 drive the stems and leaves on the blocking rods 23 to pass through a first gap 231 between the two blocking rods 23 and then rotate to the upper side of the waste frame 33, the stems and leaves fall into the waste frame 33, the stirring hooks 32 continue to rotate to pass through the material guide gaps 331, the potato and the stems and leaves on the shovel board 2 are stirred again, and then the stems and leaves are driven to rotate into the waste frame 33.
Preferably, the rubber layer is wrapped up in the outside of stirring hook 32, and when drum 31 drove stirring hook 32 and rotates, stirring hook 32 contacts with the potato in the earth, and the rubber layer in stirring hook 32 outside can avoid the potato to be bumped, can also reduce stirring hook 32's wearing and tearing, improves life.
Specifically, the belt surface of the first conveyor belt 4 is vertically provided with a plurality of rubber baffles 41, and the long side direction of the rubber baffles 41 is parallel to the width direction of the first conveyor belt 4.
Due to the inclined arrangement of the first conveyor belt 4, the rubber baffle 41 can prevent potatoes and soil from falling off from the first conveyor belt 4, and can uniformly convey the potatoes and the soil, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.
Specifically, the stirring mechanism includes three fixed bars 54 and a number of rotating structures.
The three fixing rods 54 are vertically fixed between the two side plates 1 and above the second conveyor belt 5, and the axes of the three fixing rods 54 are in the same plane.
The first inclined baffle plate 52 and the second inclined baffle plate 53 are symmetrically arranged above the second conveyor belt 5 through three fixing rods 54, the first inclined baffle plate 52 and the second inclined baffle plate 53 are perpendicular to the belt surface of the second conveyor belt 5, a material guide channel 57 is formed among the first inclined baffle plate 52, the second inclined baffle plate 53 and the second conveyor belt 5, and the opening of the material guide channel 57 is gradually reduced from left to right.
The rotation structure sets up respectively on three dead lever 54, potato and earth on the second conveyer belt 5 move and can drive rotation structure and rotate, rotation structure's rotation can stir potato and earth, makes the earth on the second conveyer belt 5 can follow the second and perforate 51 and drop.
When the potatoes and the soil move from left to right on the second conveyor belt 5, the rubber rods 551 on the rotating rods 55 are driven to rotate, the rubber rods 551 stir the potatoes and the soil on the second conveyor belt 5, the soil falls down through the second perforation 51, the separation of the soil and the potatoes is realized, and the operation is simple; in addition, the first inclined baffle plate 52 and the second inclined baffle plate 53 play a guiding role on the potatoes and the soil, so that the potatoes and the soil can only move along the material channel 56 and sequentially pass through a plurality of rotating structures, and the soil separation effect is improved.
Specifically, the rotating structure includes a rotating lever 55 and a plurality of rubber levers 551.
The rotating rod 55 is vertically and rotatably arranged on the lower side surface of the fixed rod 54, and a certain gap is reserved between the rotating rod 55 and the belt surface of the second conveyor belt 5.
A plurality of rubber rods 551 are rotatably disposed on the outer side of the rotation rod 55 in the circumferential direction.
When the potatoes and the soil move from left to right on the second conveyor belt 5, the potatoes and the soil impact the rubber rods 551, and as friction exists between the potatoes and the soil and the second conveyor belt 5 and between the potatoes and the soil and the rubber rods 551, the potatoes and the soil continue to move forwards to drive the rubber rods 551 to rotate, the rubber rods 551 rotate to stir the potatoes and the soil on the second conveyor belt 5, so that the soil falls down through the second perforations 51, the separation of the soil and the potatoes is realized, and the operation is simple; in addition, when the friction around the rubber bar 551 is different, the rubber bar 551 rotates, so that the potatoes and soil on the second conveyor belt 5 are fully stirred, and the separation effect is improved.
Specifically, the sorting mechanism includes a first support plate 6, a second support plate 61, three second rotating shafts 62, a linkage structure, and a driving unit.
The first support plate 6 and the second support plate 61 are fixedly arranged between the two side plates 1 and are both positioned on the right side of the second conveyor belt 5, and the first support plate 6 is positioned below the right side of the second conveyor belt 5.
The three second rotating shafts 62 are all rotatably arranged between the first supporting plate 6 and the second supporting plate 61 and are parallel to each other, the three second rotating shafts 62 are in a tilting state with high left and low right, a second roller 64 and a first roller 63 are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the second rotating shafts 62 from left to right in sequence, the right end of the second roller 64 is connected with the left end of the first roller 63, the left end of the second roller 64 is positioned below the right side of the second conveyor belt 5, and a stepped second gap 66 is formed between two adjacent second rotating shafts 62.
The interlocking structure can reversely rotate two adjacent second rotating shafts 62.
The driving unit can drive one of the second rotating shafts 62 to rotate.
The driving unit is started to drive one of the second rotating shafts 62 to rotate, the other two second rotating shafts 62 are driven to rotate through the linkage structure, potatoes on the second conveyor belt 5 fall into two second gaps 66, the potatoes with the size smaller than the distance between the two second rotating shafts 64 directly fall from between the two second rotating shafts 64, the rest potatoes continue to slide downwards to the right due to the inclined arrangement of the second rotating shafts 62, when the potatoes slide downwards from the two second rotating shafts 64 to between the two first rotating shafts 63, the potatoes with the size smaller than the distance between the two first rotating shafts 63 fall from between the two first rotating shafts 63, the rest potatoes continue to slide downwards to the right, and when the potatoes slide downwards from the two first rotating shafts 63 to between the two second rotating shafts 62, the rest potatoes fall down due to the larger distance between the two second rotating shafts 62 and are classified according to the sizes of the potatoes; in addition, as the rotation directions of the two adjacent second rotating shafts 62 are opposite, in the process that the potatoes slide downwards to the right, friction is generated between the potatoes and the surfaces of the second roller 64 and the first roller 63, and soil on the surfaces of the potatoes can be removed while sorting, so that the potato sorting machine is simple and practical.
Specifically, the linkage structure includes three first gears 621, the right ends of the three second rotating shafts 62 extend out of the second supporting plate 61, and the ends of the three second rotating shafts are respectively fixedly connected with the three first gears 621, and the two connected first gears 621 are in meshed connection.
When the driving unit drives one of the second rotating shafts 62 and the first gear 621 to rotate, the first gear 621 drives the first gears 621 on the two adjacent second rotating shafts 62 to rotate, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent first gears 621 are opposite, so that the two adjacent second rotating shafts 62 rotate reversely, the potatoes can slide along the length direction of the second rotating shafts 62, lateral movement can not occur, and the sorting efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the driving unit includes a second motor 65, the second motor 65 is fixedly disposed between the two side plates 1, and an output shaft of the second motor 65 is fixedly connected to a right end of one of the second rotating shafts 62.
The second motor 65 is started to drive one of the second rotating shafts 62 and the first gear 621 to rotate, and the first gear 621 drives the first gears 621 on two adjacent second rotating shafts 62 to reversely rotate, so that the structure is simple and the cost is low.
Specifically, the first receiving cylinder 7 is fixedly arranged below the left end of the second roller 64, the second receiving cylinder 71 is fixedly arranged below the left end of the first roller 63, and the third receiving cylinder 72 is fixedly arranged below the right side of the first roller 63.
The potatoes move into the two second gaps 66 from the second conveyor belt 5, the potatoes with the size smaller than the distance between the two second rollers 64 drop into the first receiving cylinder 7, the rest potatoes slide downwards to the right along the second gaps 66, when the potatoes slide downwards from the two second rollers 64 to between the two first rollers 63, the potatoes with the size smaller than the distance between the two first rollers 63 drop into the second receiving cylinder 71, the rest potatoes continue to slide downwards to the right, and when the potatoes slide downwards from the two first rollers 63 to between the two second rotating shafts 62, the rest potatoes completely drop into the third receiving cylinder 72 due to the larger distance between the two second rotating shafts 62, so that the collected potatoes are prevented from directly falling to the ground, and then the potatoes are picked up manually, which is time-consuming and labor-consuming.
In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the patent and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the patent.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (7)
1. A potato harvesting and sorting apparatus comprising: an apparatus body, the apparatus body having: the two side plates (1) are fixedly connected together through a plurality of connecting rods (13), and rollers (11) are rotatably arranged on opposite surfaces of the two side plates (1); the traction rod (12) is horizontally and fixedly connected to the left side of the device body; a connecting block is fixedly arranged at one end of the traction rod, which is far away from the device body, and a bolt hole is formed in the connecting block;
The shovel comprises a shovel body (2), wherein the shovel body (2) is rotatably arranged between two side plates (1) through a rotating shaft (24), a vibration motor (25) is arranged between the two side plates (1), the vibration motor (25) is fixedly connected with the lower side surface of the shovel body (2), the shovel body (2) is in a tilting state with low left and high right, the left side of the shovel body (2) extends out of the left side of the device body, a tooth tip plate (21) is fixedly arranged on the edge of the left side of the device body, and a plurality of perforations (22) are formed in the shovel body (2);
The separating mechanism is arranged above the right side edge of the shovel board (2) and can separate potatoes and stems from leaves on the shovel board (2);
the first conveyor belt (4) is obliquely arranged on the right side of the shovel board (2), and the left side of the first conveyor belt (4) is positioned below the right side edge of the shovel board (2);
The second conveyor belt (5) is horizontally arranged on the right side of the first conveyor belt (4), the left side of the second conveyor belt (5) is positioned below the right side of the first conveyor belt (4), and a plurality of second perforations (51) are formed in the belt surface of the second conveyor belt (5);
The stirring mechanism is arranged above the second conveyor belt (5) and can stir potatoes and soil on the second conveyor belt (5) to enable the soil to fall down through the second perforation (51);
A sorting mechanism arranged on the right side of the second conveyor belt (5), the sorting mechanism being capable of sorting potatoes on the second conveyor belt (5) by size;
the separation mechanism includes:
The blocking rods (23) are uniformly spaced and vertically arranged on the right side edge of the mud shovel (2), and a first gap (231) is formed between two adjacent blocking rods (23);
The waste material frame (33), the waste material frame (33) is fixedly arranged between the two side plates (1) and positioned at the left side of the stop lever (23), and a plurality of strip-shaped material guide notches (331) are arranged on the right side coaming of the waste material frame (33);
The first motor (34) is fixedly arranged on one side plate (1);
The device comprises a first rotating shaft (3), wherein the first rotating shaft (3) is vertically arranged between two side plates (1) in a rotating mode, a roller (31) is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft (3), a plurality of stirring hooks (32) are arranged on the wheel surface of the roller (31), a plurality of material guide gaps (331) are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of first gaps (231), one end of the first rotating shaft (3) extends out of one side plate (1) and the end of the first rotating shaft is in transmission connection with an output shaft of a first motor (34), and when the first rotating shaft (3) rotates anticlockwise, the stirring hooks (32) sequentially penetrate through the first gaps (231) and the corresponding material guide gaps (331);
the stirring mechanism comprises:
The three fixing rods (54) are vertically fixed between the two side plates (1) and are positioned above the second conveyor belt (5);
The first inclined baffle plate (52) and the second inclined baffle plate (53), the first inclined baffle plate (52) and the second inclined baffle plate (53) are symmetrically arranged above the second conveyor belt (5) through three fixing rods (54), the first inclined baffle plate (52) and the second inclined baffle plate (53) are perpendicular to the belt surface of the second conveyor belt (5), a material guide channel (56) is formed among the first inclined baffle plate (52), the second inclined baffle plate (53) and the second conveyor belt (5), and the opening of the material guide channel (56) is gradually reduced from left to right;
The rotating structures are respectively arranged on the three fixing rods (54), the potato and soil on the second conveyor belt (5) can be driven to rotate by moving, and the potato and soil can be stirred by rotating the rotating structures, so that the soil on the second conveyor belt (5) can fall down from the second perforation (51);
the sorting mechanism includes:
The first supporting plate (6) and the second supporting plate (61), the first supporting plate (6) and the second supporting plate (61) are fixedly arranged between the two side plates (1) and are positioned on the right side of the second conveyor belt (5);
The three second rotating shafts (62), the three second rotating shafts (62) are all rotatably arranged between the first supporting plate (6) and the second supporting plate (61) and are parallel to each other, the three second rotating shafts (62) are all in a tilting state with high left and low right, a second roller (64) and a first roller (63) are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the second rotating shafts (62) in sequence from left to right, the right end of the second roller (64) is connected with the left end of the first roller (63), the left end of the second roller (64) is positioned below the right side of the second conveyor belt (5), and a stepped second gap (66) is formed between two adjacent second rotating shafts (62);
The linkage structure can reversely rotate two adjacent second rotating shafts (62);
and the driving unit can drive one of the second rotating shafts (62) to rotate.
2. Potato harvesting and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stirring hook (32) is covered on the outside with a rubber layer.
3. Potato harvesting and sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the belt surface of the first conveyor belt (4) is vertically provided with a plurality of rubber baffles (41), the long side direction of the rubber baffles (41) being parallel to the width direction of the first conveyor belt (4).
4. A potato harvesting and sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotating structure comprises:
The rotating rod (55) is vertically and rotatably arranged on the lower side surface of the fixed rod (54);
the rubber rods (551) are arranged on the outer sides of the rotating rods (55) in a circumferential rotating mode.
5. The potato harvesting and sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the linkage structure comprises three first gears (621), right ends of the three second rotating shafts (62) extend out of the second supporting plate (61) and are fixedly connected with the three first gears (621) respectively, and the two connected first gears (621) are engaged with each other.
6. The potato harvesting and sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the drive unit comprises a second motor (65), the second motor (65) being fixedly arranged between the two side plates (1), the output shaft of the second motor (65) being in driving connection with one of the second shafts (62).
7. The potato harvesting and sorting device according to claim 6, wherein a first receiving cylinder (7) is fixedly arranged below the left end of the second roller (64), a second receiving cylinder (71) is fixedly arranged below the left end of the first roller (63), and a third receiving cylinder (72) is fixedly arranged below the right side of the first roller (63).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911119554.2A CN110692342B (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Potato collecting and sorting device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911119554.2A CN110692342B (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Potato collecting and sorting device |
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| CN110692342A CN110692342A (en) | 2020-01-17 |
| CN110692342B true CN110692342B (en) | 2024-06-25 |
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| CN112056093B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-07-15 | 内蒙古领异农科技发展有限公司 | Grading plant is picked up to potato |
| CN113731557A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-12-03 | 青岛博海建设集团有限公司 | Crushing and sorting equipment for waste building structures |
| CN115226469A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-25 | 浙江挺能胜机械有限公司 | Harvester for efficiently collecting crops |
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| CN210868756U (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-30 | 浙江海洋大学 | Potato is collected and sorting unit |
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| CN204652976U (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-23 | 李胜兵 | The potato portable harvesting mechanism leaking soil is separated with adjustable angle and earth |
| CN105797961A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-07-27 | 沈阳农业大学 | Inclined-stair opposite-roller type peanut pod classifier |
| CN207802772U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-09-04 | 重庆欧文机械制造有限公司 | Harvester for potato has |
| CN108476701B (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-10-30 | 嵊州市森汇知识产权运营有限公司 | Multifunctional agricultural potato harvester |
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| CN210868756U (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-30 | 浙江海洋大学 | Potato is collected and sorting unit |
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