CN110690089B - Rectangular helix slow wave structure for traveling wave tube - Google Patents
Rectangular helix slow wave structure for traveling wave tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN110690089B CN110690089B CN201911025355.5A CN201911025355A CN110690089B CN 110690089 B CN110690089 B CN 110690089B CN 201911025355 A CN201911025355 A CN 201911025355A CN 110690089 B CN110690089 B CN 110690089B
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- spiral line
- rectangular
- clamping rod
- slow
- heat dissipation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
- H01J23/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
- H01J23/27—Helix-derived slow-wave structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/005—Cooling methods or arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
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Abstract
The invention provides a free rectangular spiral line slow wave structure for a traveling wave tube, which comprises a metal tube, wherein a clamping rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the metal tube, the other end of the clamping rod is fixedly connected with a spiral line, the spiral line is formed by a plurality of non-closed rectangular coils, and the plurality of rectangular coils are vertically connected through a connecting rod. The structure of the invention is reasonable in design and convenient in use, and the slow-wave structure in the traveling wave tube is changed from the traditional round spiral line into the rectangular spiral line, so that the contact area between the clamping rod and the spiral line and the metal tube is increased, the gap of the contact surface is reduced, the thermal resistance is reduced, and the heat dissipation capacity of the slow-wave structure of the spiral line is increased; due to the fact that the heat dissipation capacity is improved and the plurality of fastening patches are arranged on the outer wall of the metal tube, the slow wave structure is prevented from being deformed, and the stability of the traveling wave tube is prevented from being affected; the spiral line is formed by the vertically connected rectangular coils, so that the processing is easy, the working efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the bandwidth of the slow wave structure is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of electric equipment, in particular to a rectangular spiral line slow wave structure for a traveling wave tube.
Background
The traveling wave tube is a microwave electron tube which realizes an amplification function by continuously modulating the speed of an electron beam. In the traveling wave tube, the electron beam interacts with the microwave field advancing in the slow wave circuit, and the electron beam continuously gives kinetic energy to the microwave signal field in the slow wave circuit with the wavelength of 6-40, so that the signal is amplified. The traveling wave tube allows electrons to pass through a long and slow wave structure. Due to the long action time, the gain is very high, and meanwhile, the resonant cavity is not arranged, so that the working bandwidth is greatly increased. The function of the Traveling Wave Tube (TWT) is to amplify the microwave signal; microwave signals to be amplified enter the slow wave circuit through the input energy coupler and travel along the slow wave circuit; the electrons exchange energy with the traveling microwave field, so that the microwave signal is amplified.
The slow wave structure of the helix traveling wave tube is the core of the traveling wave tube, and directly determines the output power and stability of the traveling wave tube. The common spiral line slow wave structure is composed of a metal tube, a spiral line and a clamping rod. The expression of the heat conduction and heat resistance of the object is dR ═ d σ/(λ a), wherein d σ is a heat conduction path, λ is heat conductivity, and a is a heat conduction area. The key for realizing the high-efficiency output of the slow-wave structure is whether a good heat-conducting interface can be successfully designed and manufactured, and the key for limiting the heat-radiating capacity of the traveling-wave tube is the interfaces between the spiral line and the clamping rod and between the clamping rod and the metal tube.
And the spiral line is connected for the hardiness with the supporting rod and between supporting rod and the tubular metal resonator mostly, because the cross section of tubular metal resonator and spiral line is circular, so the supporting rod can produce the space with tubular metal resonator and spiral line when being connected, and area of contact is smaller in addition, makes its interface connection's thermal resistance great, and the thermal resistance of contact department is the biggest to the hindrance effect of heat conduction, makes the heat of spiral line be difficult to conduct away.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rectangular spiral line slow wave structure for a traveling wave tube, which is used for solving the technical problems of overlarge thermal resistance and poor heat dissipation effect of the removed slow wave structure in the Beijing technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a rectangular spiral line slow wave structure for a traveling wave tube comprises a metal tube, wherein a clamping rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the metal tube, the other end of the clamping rod is fixedly connected with a spiral line, the spiral line is formed by a plurality of non-closed rectangular coils, and the plurality of rectangular coils are vertically connected through a connecting rod; a vacuum cavity is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the metal tube, and a heat dissipation mechanism is arranged in the vacuum cavity.
Preferably, the number of the clamping rods is four, and the four clamping rods are respectively and fixedly connected to four surfaces of the spiral line.
Preferably, the contact area between the clamping rod and the spiral line is larger than the contact area between the clamping rod and the inner wall of the metal pipe, that is, the clamping rod is T-shaped.
Preferably, an electron beam passage is arranged inside the spiral line, and the electron beam passage can pass 1-3 electron beams.
Preferably, the heat dissipation mechanism comprises a plurality of heat pipes, the interiors of the heat pipes are in a vacuum state and are composed of evaporation sections, heat insulation sections, heat dissipation sections and internal liquid, and liquid absorption cores are arranged on the heat dissipation sections.
Preferably, the three heat pipes are in one group, a plurality of groups of heat pipes are uniformly distributed on four sides of the vacuum cavity, the evaporation section is arranged at the joint of the clamping rod and the metal pipe, and the heat dissipation section is fixedly connected with the metal pipe.
Preferably, the cross sections of the metal tube and the electron beam channel are rectangular, and the outer wall of the metal tube is provided with a plurality of fastening patches.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the structure of the invention is reasonable in design and convenient in use, and the slow-wave structure in the traveling wave tube is changed from the traditional round spiral line into the rectangular spiral line, so that the contact area between the clamping rod and the spiral line and the metal tube is increased, the gap of the contact surface is reduced, the thermal resistance is reduced, and the heat dissipation capacity of the slow-wave structure of the spiral line is increased;
(2) due to the fact that the heat dissipation capacity is improved, and the plurality of fastening patches are arranged on the outer portion of the metal tube, the slow wave structure is prevented from being deformed, the stability of the traveling wave tube is prevented from being affected, and the traveling wave tube cannot be normally used;
(3) the spiral line is formed by the vertically connected rectangular coils, so that the processing is easy, the working efficiency is improved, and the bandwidth of the slow-wave structure is increased;
(4) the metal pipe is internally provided with a plurality of groups of heat pipes, so that the heat dissipation capability of the slow-wave structure is further improved, the slow-wave structure can dissipate heat quickly, the cost of the heat pipes is low, the service life of the heat pipes is long, and the heat resistance of the heat pipes cannot be increased.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a spiral line configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the heat pipe of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a metal tube; 11-vacuum chamber; 12-fastening patches; 2-clamping rods; 3-a helix; 31-a rectangular coil; 32-a connecting rod; 4-a heat dissipation mechanism; 41-a heat pipe; 411-evaporation section; 412-an adiabatic section; 413-a heat dissipation section; 413 a-a wick; 414-a liquid; 5-electron beam channel.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
In embodiment 1, please refer to fig. 1 again, an original slow-wave structure is composed of a metal tube 1a, a clamping rod 2a and a spiral line 3a, wherein the clamping rod 2a is a thin rectangle, and the cross sections of the metal tube 1a and the spiral line 3a are both circular.
In embodiment 2, please refer to fig. 2 again, an original slow-wave structure is composed of a metal tube 1b, a clamping rod 2b and a spiral line 3b, wherein the clamping rod 2b is a T-shaped component, and the cross sections of the metal tube 1b and the spiral line 3b are circular.
Please refer to fig. 3 again, the number of the clamping rods 2 is four, and the four clamping rods 2 are respectively and fixedly connected to four surfaces of the spiral line 3.
Please refer to fig. 3 and fig. 5, a contact area between the clamping rod 2 and the spiral line 3 is larger than a contact area between the clamping rod 2 and an inner wall of the metal tube 1, that is, the clamping rod 2 is T-shaped, so as to increase a heat conducting area and reduce a thermal resistance.
Referring to fig. 3-4, the spiral line 3 has an electron beam passage 5 inside, and the electron beam passage 5 can pass 1-3 electron beams.
Referring to fig. 5-6, the heat dissipation mechanism 4 includes a plurality of heat pipes 41, the interior of the plurality of heat pipes 41 is in a vacuum state, and the heat pipes are composed of an evaporation section 411, a heat insulation section 412, a heat dissipation section 413 and an internal liquid 414, and the heat dissipation section 413 is provided with a liquid absorbing core 413 a.
Three heat pipe 41 is a set of, and the multiunit heat pipe 41 evenly distributed is in on four sides of vacuum cavity 11, evaporation zone 411 sets up holding rod 2 with the junction of tubular metal resonator 1, heat dissipation section 413 fixed connection tubular metal resonator 1, heat pipe 41 cost of manufacture is low, and the installation is simple, can use for a long time, and the radiating effect is fine.
Please refer to fig. 3-6, the cross sections of the metal tube 1 and the electron beam channel 5 are rectangular, and the outer wall of the metal tube 1 is provided with a plurality of fastening patches 12 for fixing, so as to prevent the stability of the traveling wave tube from being affected by thermal deformation of the traveling wave tube during use.
Example 4, the process of slow wave assembly heat conduction is mainly a solid heat conduction process, and the heat conduction must satisfy the fourier law:
the temperature distribution of each component object follows the thermal conductivity differential equation:
wherein: a is thermal diffusivity, lambda is thermal conductivity of the object, rho is density of the object, and c is specific heat capacity of the object.
When evaluating slow wave system's heat dispersion, can provide invariable heat load for the helix, observe the temperature when helix, supporting rod and tube reach thermal stability attitude. This is a process of steady state heat transfer, and the thermal conduction of the assembly follows the energy balance equation of steady state thermal analysis:
{K}{T}＝{Q}
wherein: { K } is the conduction matrix, { T } is the node temperature vector, and { Q } is the node heat flow rate vector.
When the heat transfer reaches a steady state, the maximum temperature on the spiral line is observed, and the heat dissipation capacity of the assembly can be compared to a certain extent. The lower the temperature, the greater the heat dissipation capacity of the assembly.
Meanwhile, the temperature change relation of the spiral line and the time change relation of the spiral line can be observed after the constant heat load is provided in the spiral line. This is a transient heat conduction process, and the constructed heat conduction follows the transient thermal equilibrium expression:
[C]{T′}+[K]{T}＝{Q}
where [ K ] is the conduction matrix, [ C ] is the specific heat matrix, { T } is the node temperature vector, { T' } is the derivative of temperature with respect to time, and { Q } is the node heat flow rate vector.
By recording the instantaneous change condition of the highest temperature on the spiral line, the change condition of the heat dissipation on the component along with the time can be known, so that the heat dissipation performance of the component can be known
In this embodiment, the following results are obtained by comparing the heat dissipation performance of the slow-wave structures made of the same material in embodiments 1 to 3 by using ANSYS software:
| maximum temperature (. degree. C.) | Minimum temperature (. degree.C.) | |
| Example 1 | 425 | 209 |
| Example 2 | 412 | 198 |
| Example 3 | 383 | 176 |
When the tube shell, the spiral line and the clamping rod are all made of the same material and the same process, the meter can obviously show that the heat dissipation capability of the invention is stronger than that of the original circular spiral line slow-wave structure.
In conclusion, the structure of the invention is reasonable in design and convenient to use, and the slow-wave structure in the traveling wave tube is changed from the traditional circular spiral line into the rectangular spiral line, so that the contact area between the clamping rod and the spiral line and the metal tube is increased, the thermal resistance is reduced, and the heat dissipation capacity of the spiral line slow-wave structure is increased; due to the fact that the heat dissipation capacity is improved, and the plurality of fastening patches are arranged on the outer portion of the metal tube, the slow-wave structure is prevented from being thermally deformed, the stability of the traveling wave tube is prevented from being affected, and the traveling wave tube cannot be normally used;
the spiral line is formed by the vertically connected rectangular coils, so that the processing is easy, the working efficiency is improved, and the bandwidth of the slow-wave structure is increased; the metal pipe is internally provided with a plurality of groups of heat pipes, so that the heat dissipation capability of the slow-wave structure is further improved, the slow-wave structure can dissipate heat quickly, the cost of the heat pipes is low, the service life of the heat pipes is long, and the heat resistance of the heat pipes cannot be increased.
The foregoing is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, and any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A rectangular helix slow wave structure for a traveling wave tube, comprising a metal tube (1), characterized in that: the inner wall of the metal tube (1) is fixedly connected with a clamping rod (2), the other end of the clamping rod (2) is fixedly connected with a spiral line (3), the spiral line (3) is formed by a plurality of non-closed rectangular coils (31), and the rectangular coils (31) are vertically connected through connecting rods (32); a vacuum cavity (11) is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the metal pipe (1), and a heat dissipation mechanism (4) is arranged in the vacuum cavity (11); the heat dissipation mechanism (4) comprises a plurality of heat pipes (41), the interiors of the heat pipes (41) are in a vacuum state, the heat pipes are composed of evaporation sections (411), heat insulation sections (412), heat dissipation sections (413) and liquid (414) in the heat dissipation sections (413), and liquid absorption cores (413 a) are arranged on the heat dissipation sections (413); the three heat pipes (41) are a group, the heat pipes (41) are uniformly distributed on four sides of the vacuum cavity (11), the evaporation section (411) is arranged at the joint of the clamping rod (2) and the metal pipe (1), and the heat dissipation section (413) is fixedly connected with the metal pipe (1).
2. The rectangular-helix slow-wave structure for a traveling-wave tube according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping rods (2) are four in number, and the four clamping rods (2) are fixedly connected to four faces of the spiral line (3) respectively.
3. The rectangular-helix slow-wave structure for a traveling-wave tube according to claim 1, wherein: the contact area of the clamping rod (2) and the spiral line (3) is larger than that of the clamping rod (2) and the inner wall of the metal pipe (1), namely, the clamping rod (2) is T-shaped.
4. The rectangular-helix slow-wave structure for a traveling-wave tube according to claim 1, wherein: an electron beam channel (5) is arranged in the spiral line (3), and the electron beam channel (5) can pass 1-3 electron beams.
5. The rectangular-helix slow-wave structure for a traveling-wave tube according to claim 4, wherein: the cross sections of the metal tube (1) and the electron beam channel (5) are rectangular, and a plurality of fastening patches (12) are arranged on the outer wall of the metal tube (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911025355.5A CN110690089B (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Rectangular helix slow wave structure for traveling wave tube |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911025355.5A CN110690089B (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Rectangular helix slow wave structure for traveling wave tube |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110690089A CN110690089A (en) | 2020-01-14 |
| CN110690089B true CN110690089B (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911025355.5A Active CN110690089B (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Rectangular helix slow wave structure for traveling wave tube |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1089489A (en) * | 1958-11-18 | 1967-11-01 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Electromagnetic slow wave structure |
| US5332947A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1994-07-26 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Integral polepiece RF amplification tube for millimeter wave frequencies |
| JP2000215820A (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-08-04 | Nec Corp | Helix type slow-wave circuit |
| CN103325645A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-09-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | Diamond-electrocoppering composite clamping rod for travelling-wave tube and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105304438A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 电子科技大学 | Secondary harmonic inhibition method for broadband helix travelling wave tube |
| CN106128911A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-16 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of rectangle slow wave line for travelling-wave tube |
| CN109119310A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-01-01 | 电子科技大学 | Slow-wave structure suitable for Dual-band type note backward wave oscillator |
| CN110112046A (en) * | 2019-06-16 | 2019-08-09 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of half straight-flanked ring helical line slow-wave structure |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7184629B2 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2007-02-27 | Harris Corporation | Spiral waveguide slow wave resonator structure |
-
2019
- 2019-10-25 CN CN201911025355.5A patent/CN110690089B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1089489A (en) * | 1958-11-18 | 1967-11-01 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Electromagnetic slow wave structure |
| US5332947A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1994-07-26 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Integral polepiece RF amplification tube for millimeter wave frequencies |
| JP2000215820A (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-08-04 | Nec Corp | Helix type slow-wave circuit |
| CN103325645A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-09-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | Diamond-electrocoppering composite clamping rod for travelling-wave tube and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105304438A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 电子科技大学 | Secondary harmonic inhibition method for broadband helix travelling wave tube |
| CN106128911A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-16 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of rectangle slow wave line for travelling-wave tube |
| CN109119310A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-01-01 | 电子科技大学 | Slow-wave structure suitable for Dual-band type note backward wave oscillator |
| CN110112046A (en) * | 2019-06-16 | 2019-08-09 | 江西理工大学 | A kind of half straight-flanked ring helical line slow-wave structure |
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| CN110690089A (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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Effective date of registration: 20220527 Address after: 221300 506, block B, electronic industrial park, Pizhou Economic Development Zone, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Xuzhou Bochuang Construction Development Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.88 Liaohe West Road, Pizhou Economic Development Zone, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: SU Normal University Semiconductor Materials and Equipment Research Institute (Pizhou) Co.,Ltd. |
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