CN110684933B - Composite martensitic steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite martensitic steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110684933B CN110684933B CN201911080949.6A CN201911080949A CN110684933B CN 110684933 B CN110684933 B CN 110684933B CN 201911080949 A CN201911080949 A CN 201911080949A CN 110684933 B CN110684933 B CN 110684933B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000885 Dual-phase steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1051—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of high-strength steel preparation, in particular to composite martensitic steel and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: combining martensitic steel and austenitic steel to obtain the composite martensitic steel; the mass ratio of the martensite steel to the austenite steel is (1-5): 1. The composite martensitic steel prepared by the preparation method has better strength and toughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-strength steel preparation, in particular to composite martensitic steel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The martensite steel is the most widely applied steel, has the advantages of simple heat treatment process, convenient realization of on-line heat treatment and the like, and can be applied to different engineering fields, such as wear-resistant steel plates, automobile steel, bearing steel and the like. The martensite steel obtains a high-strength martensite structure after simple quenching and tempering treatment, but the martensite steel has low overall plasticity, especially uniform plasticity due to high internal dislocation density and low content of residual austenite in a microstructure. Generally, a method of obtaining a ferrite + martensite dual-phase steel by introducing some ferrite or a method of improving uniform plasticity by increasing the content of residual austenite in a martensitic steel are used, but these methods all cause the strength of the martensitic steel to be reduced.
From this point of view, the toughness of the conventional martensitic steel is to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide composite martensitic steel and a preparation method thereof. The composite martensitic steel prepared by the preparation method has higher strength and toughness.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of composite martensitic steel, which comprises the following steps:
combining martensitic steel and austenitic steel to obtain the composite martensitic steel;
the mass ratio of the martensite steel to the austenite steel is (1-5): 1.
Preferably, when the martensitic steel is a martensitic steel plate and the austenitic steel is an austenitic steel plate, the compounding process is as follows:
stacking the martensite steel plate and the austenite steel plate to obtain an initial plate;
and sequentially carrying out thermal deformation and tempering treatment on the initial plate to obtain the composite martensitic steel.
Preferably, the ratio of the total thickness of the martensitic steel sheet to the total thickness of the austenitic steel sheet is (1.5-3.5): 1.
preferably, before the thermal deformation, the initial plate is heated to 1150-1250 ℃ and is kept warm for 0.5-2 hours;
after the thermal deformation, the total deformation amount of the initial plate is more than or equal to 30 percent, and the final deformation temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃;
the tempering temperature is 150-280 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-120 min.
Preferably, the martensitic steel plate comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.05 to 0.40%, Si: 0.5-2.0%, Mn: 0.40-0.80%, Cr: 0.80-1.30%, Ni: 0-2.0%, Mo: 0-1.0%, Al: 0.05-2.0%, V: 0 to 0.2%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities;
the austenitic steel plate comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.8 to 1.10%, Si: 0.30-1.60%, Mn: 9.5-18.0%, Cr: 0 to 2.0%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, when the martensitic steel is martensitic steel powder and the austenitic steel is austenitic steel powder, the compounding process is as follows:
mixing the martensitic steel powder with the austenitic steel powder to obtain a mixed powder;
and sequentially sintering, heat treating and tempering the mixed powder to obtain the composite martensitic steel.
Preferably, the sintering is hot-pressing sintering or spark plasma sintering;
the hot-pressing sintering conditions are as follows: the temperature is 1000-1350 ℃, the pressure is 20-60 MPa, and the time is 10-60 min;
the discharge plasma sintering conditions are as follows: the temperature is 1000-1150 ℃, the pressure is 15-50 MPa, and the time is 5-30 min.
Preferably, the heat treatment temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 5-30 min;
the tempering temperature is 150-280 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-120 min.
Preferably, the martensitic steel powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.20 to 0.40%, Si: 1.10-1.60%, Mn: 1.00-2.00%, Cr: 0.90-1.30%, Mo: 0.20-40%, Al: 0-0.60%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
the austenitic steel powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.50 to 1.20%, Mn: 9.0 to 13.0%, Al: 0.80-1.50%, Si: 0 to 2.0%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The invention also provides the composite martensitic steel prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
The invention provides a preparation method of composite martensitic steel, which comprises the following steps: combining martensitic steel and austenitic steel to obtain the composite martensitic steel; the mass ratio of the martensite steel to the austenite steel is (1-5): 1. The invention utilizes the high work hardening capacity of the austenitic steel, so that the austenitic steel can effectively assist the martensite deformation in the deformation process, and the work hardening capacity of the whole material is improved, thereby ensuring the plasticity and the toughness of the composite austenitic steel. In addition, part of carbon elements in the austenitic steel can be diffused into the martensitic steel in the compounding process, so that the solid-solution carbon content of the composite martensitic steel is improved, the strength of the composite martensitic steel is further improved, and meanwhile, a transition layer with high Mn content is formed at an interface to assist in martensitic deformation. The finally obtained composite martensitic steel has better strength and toughness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of the metallographic structure of the composite martensitic steel prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the metallographic structure of the composite martensitic steel prepared in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of composite martensitic steel, which comprises the following steps:
combining martensitic steel and austenitic steel to obtain the composite martensitic steel;
the mass ratio of the martensite steel to the austenite steel is (1-5): 1.
In the present invention, all the raw material components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of the martensitic steel to the austenitic steel is preferably (1.3 to 3.8): 1, more preferably (1.5 to 3.0): 1. in the present invention, by controlling the mass ratio of the martensitic steel to the austenitic steel within the above range, the synergistic effect between austenite and martensite can be more sufficiently exhibited, and the toughness of the composite martensitic steel can be improved to the maximum extent.
In the present invention, when the martensitic steel is a martensitic steel sheet and the austenitic steel is an austenitic steel sheet, the process of the recombination is preferably:
stacking the martensite steel plate and the austenite steel plate to obtain an initial plate;
and sequentially carrying out thermal deformation and tempering treatment on the initial plate to obtain the composite martensitic steel.
The martensite steel plate and the austenite steel plate are arranged in a laminated mode to obtain an initial plate; in the present invention, the martensitic steel sheet preferably includes, in terms of mass percent, the following components: c: 0.05 to 0.40%, Si: 0.5-2.0%, Mn: 0.40-0.80%, Cr: 0.80-1.30%, Ni: 0-2.0%, Mo: 0-1.0%, Al: 0.05-2.0%, V: 0 to 0.2%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities; more preferably comprises the following components: c: 0.23%, Si: 1.55%, Mn: 0.60%, Cr: 1.15%, Ni: 0.23%, Mo: 0.2%, Al: 0.06%, V: 0.03%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities. In the present invention, the austenitic steel sheet preferably includes the following components in mass percent: c: 0.8 to 1.10%, Si: 0.30-1.60%, Mn: 9.5-18.0%, Cr: 0 to 2.0%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities; more preferably comprises the following components: c: 1.05%, Si: 0.35%, Mn: 12.50%, Cr: 0.1%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
In the present invention, the ratio of the total thickness of the martensitic steel sheet to the total thickness of the austenitic steel sheet is preferably (1.5 to 3.5): 1, more preferably 2: 1. In the invention, the single-layer thickness of the martensitic steel plate is preferably millimeter (1-10 mm), centimeter (1-10 cm) or decimeter (1-10 dm), and more preferably millimeter; the thickness of the single layer of the austenitic steel plate is preferably millimeter (1-10 mm), centimeter (1-10 cm) or decimeter (1-10 dm), and is more preferably millimeter.
In the present invention, before the lamination setting, it is preferable that the austenitic steel sheet and the martensitic steel sheet are subjected to pretreatment; the pretreatment is preferably grinding and cleaning; the present invention is not limited to any particular type of sanding and cleaning, and sanding and cleaning processes known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the present invention, the stacking arrangement is preferably: from bottom to top, the arrangement is made in the order of the stack of martensitic/austenitic/martensitic/austenitic … …, wherein the last layer of the stack preferably ends with a martensitic steel sheet. In the invention, the arrangement can ensure that the finally formed composite steel has obvious martensite characteristics.
After the stacking arrangement is completed, the method also preferably comprises the steps of packaging and vacuumizing the stacked plates to obtain initial plates; the process of packaging and vacuum-pumping is not limited in any way, and can be performed by a process known to those skilled in the art.
After the initial plate is obtained, the thermal deformation and tempering treatment are sequentially carried out on the initial plate to obtain the composite martensitic steel. In the invention, before the thermal deformation, the initial plate is preferably heated to 1150-1250 ℃ and is kept warm for 0.5-2 h; the heating temperature is more preferably 1180-1220 ℃, and most preferably 1180 ℃; the heat preservation time is more preferably 1.0-1.5 h. In the present invention, the total deformation amount of the initial plate after the thermal deformation is preferably equal to or greater than 30%, more preferably 50%; the deformation temperature for termination is preferably 1050 ℃ or more, more preferably 1070 ℃. The invention does not have any special limitation on the thermal deformation mode, and the thermal deformation condition can be achieved.
After the thermal deformation is completed, the invention preferably performs tempering treatment after cooling to room temperature. In the present invention, the cooling method is preferably spray cooling, water cooling, oil cooling, or cooling after short-term heat preservation by salt bath quenching, and more preferably water cooling.
In the invention, the tempering temperature is preferably 150-280 ℃, more preferably 220-260 ℃, and most preferably 220 ℃; the tempering time is preferably 30-120 min, more preferably 50-100 min, and most preferably 60-80 min. After the tempering treatment is completed, the invention preferably further comprises cooling to room temperature; the cooling is preferably air cooling.
In the present invention, when the martensitic steel is martensitic steel powder and the austenitic steel is austenitic steel powder, the process of the recombination is preferably:
mixing the martensitic steel powder with the austenitic steel powder to obtain a mixed powder;
and sequentially sintering, heat treating and tempering the mixed powder to obtain the composite martensitic steel.
Mixing the martensitic steel powder and the austenitic steel powder to obtain mixed powder; in the present invention, the martensitic steel powder preferably comprises, in mass percent, the following components: c: 0.20 to 0.40%, Si: 1.10-1.60%, Mn: 1.00-2.00%, Cr: 0.90-1.30%, Mo: 0.20-40%, Al: 0-0.60%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; more preferably comprises the following components: c: 0.30%, Si: 1.44%, Mn: 1.58%, Cr: 1.13%, Mo: 0.40%, Al: 0.48%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. In the present invention, the austenitic steel powder preferably comprises, in mass percent: c: 0.50 to 1.20%, Mn: 9.0 to 13.0%, Al: 0.80-1.50%, Si: 0 to 2.0%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities; more preferably comprises the following components: c: 0.61%, Si: 0.01%, Mn: 11.7%, Al: 1.10%, Si: 0.3%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
In the invention, the average grain diameter of the martensitic steel powder is preferably 50-150 μm, and more preferably 120 μm; the average grain diameter of the austenitic steel powder is preferably 20-80 mu m, and more preferably 60 mu m; the ratio of the average grain size of the martensitic steel powder to the average grain size of the austenitic steel powder is preferably (1.5-5): 1, more preferably 2: 1.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of the martensitic steel powder to the austenitic steel powder is preferably (1-5): 1, more preferably (2.0-4.0): 1, most preferably 3: 1. In the present invention, the mass ratio can further ensure that the finally formed composite austenitic steel has obvious martensite matrix characteristics.
In the present invention, the mixing method is preferably ball milling, and the conditions of the ball milling are not particularly limited, and the conditions known to those skilled in the art can be adopted; the mixing is preferably carried out in a ball mill.
After the mixed powder is obtained, the mixed powder is sequentially subjected to sintering, heat treatment and tempering treatment to obtain the composite martensitic steel. In the invention, the sintering mode is preferably hot-pressing sintering or spark plasma sintering; when the sintering mode is hot-pressing sintering, the temperature of the hot-pressing sintering is preferably 1000-1350 ℃, and more preferably 1120 ℃; the pressure of the hot-pressing sintering is preferably 20-60 MPa, and more preferably 50 MPa; the time for hot-pressing sintering is preferably 10-60 min, and more preferably 30 min. When the sintering mode is spark plasma sintering, the temperature of the spark plasma sintering is preferably 1000-1150 ℃, and more preferably 1050 ℃; the pressure of the spark plasma sintering is preferably 15-50 MPa, and more preferably 40 MPa; the time for the spark plasma sintering is preferably 5-30 min, and more preferably 20 min.
In the invention, the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably 800-1000 ℃, and more preferably 830-950 ℃; the time of the heat treatment is preferably 5-30 min, and more preferably 20 min.
After the heat treatment is finished, the cooling is preferably carried out, and the cooling mode is preferably spray cooling, water cooling, oil cooling or cooling after short-time heat preservation of salt bath quenching, and more preferably water cooling.
In the invention, the tempering temperature is preferably 150-280 ℃, and more preferably 180-220 ℃; the tempering time is preferably 30-120 min, and more preferably 40-80 min. After the tempering treatment is completed, the product after the tempering treatment is preferably cooled, and the cooling is preferably air cooling.
The invention also provides the composite martensitic steel prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme, wherein the composite martensitic steel has a structure that 17-50% of stable austenite exists, the plasticity and the toughness are improved by utilizing the TWIP effect, meanwhile, a transition layer with higher residual austenite content exists at the interface position of the austenite and the martensite, the plasticity and the toughness can be improved by utilizing the TRIP effect, and the remainder is a martensitic structure.
The composite martensitic steel and the method for producing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Providing a martensitic steel plate (the size is 8cm in length, the width is 4cm, the thickness is 0.2cm, and the number of the steel plates is 7): comprises the following components: c: 0.23%, Si: 1.55%, Mn: 0.60%, Cr: 1.15%, Ni: 0.23%, Mo: 0.2%, Al: 0.06%, V: 0.03%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities;
providing an austenitic steel sheet (8 cm long by 4cm wide by 0.1cm thick, 6 steel sheet number): comprises the following components: c: 1.05%, Si: 0.35%, Mn: 12.50%, Cr: 0.1%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities;
stacking the martensite steel plate and the austenite steel plate according to the stacking sequence of 'martensite steel plate/austenite steel plate/martensite steel plate/austenite steel plate … … martensite steel plate', packaging and vacuumizing to obtain an initial plate;
heating the initial plate to 1180 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, performing two-pass rolling (the reduction of 30% in the first pass, the reduction of 20% in the second pass and the final rolling temperature of 1070 ℃), cooling the initial plate to room temperature by water, and performing tempering treatment (220 ℃, 2h) to obtain the composite martensitic steel;
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure photograph of the composite martensitic steel, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the composite interface is good and has no non-composite gap;
taking a tensile sample from the composite martensitic steel along the rolling direction, and carrying out mechanical property test on the tensile sample, wherein the test result is as follows: the tensile strength of the composite martensitic steel is 1750MPa, the elongation is 22%, the uniform elongation is 10%, and the static toughness is 38.5 GPa%.
By adopting the same rolling and heat treatment process, the tensile strength of the martensite steel plate is 1580MPa, the elongation is 17 percent, the uniform elongation is only 4 percent, and the static toughness is 26.8GPa percent.
Example 2
Providing martensitic steel powder (average particle size 120 μm, mass 600 g): comprises the following components: c: 0.30%, Si: 1.44%, Mn: 1.58%, Cr: 1.13%, Mo: 0.40%, Al: 0.48%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities;
austenitic steel powder (average grain size 60 μm, mass 200g) was provided: comprises the following components: c: 0.61%, Si: 0.01%, Mn: 11.7%, Al: 1.10%, Si: 0.3%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities;
ball-milling and mixing the martensitic steel powder and the austenitic steel powder in a ball mill to obtain mixed powder;
sequentially carrying out discharge plasma sintering (the temperature is 1050 ℃, the time is 20min, and the pressure is 40MPa), heat treatment (the temperature is 950 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20min), and tempering (the temperature is 180 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60min) on the mixed powder to obtain composite martensitic steel;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the metallographic structure of the composite martensitic steel;
taking a tensile sample from the composite martensitic steel along the axial direction, and testing the mechanical property of the tensile sample, wherein the test result is as follows: the tensile strength of the composite martensitic steel is 1710MPa, the elongation is 18%, the uniform elongation is 12%, and the static toughness is 30.7 GPa%.
The pure martensitic steel powder is subjected to discharge plasma sintering, and then is rolled and heat-treated by adopting the same process, wherein the tensile strength of the martensitic steel powder is 1650MPa, the elongation is 14%, the uniform elongation is 3%, and the static toughness is 23.1 GPa%.
From the above examples, it can be known that the composite martensitic steel prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has higher strength and toughness.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the composite martensitic steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
combining martensitic steel and austenitic steel to obtain the composite martensitic steel;
the mass ratio of the martensite steel to the austenite steel is (1-5): 1;
the martensitic steel is a martensitic steel plate, and the austenitic steel is an austenitic steel plate;
the compounding process comprises the following steps:
stacking the martensite steel plate and the austenite steel plate to obtain an initial plate;
sequentially carrying out thermal deformation and tempering treatment on the initial plate to obtain the composite martensitic steel;
before the thermal deformation, heating the initial plate to 1150-1250 ℃, and preserving heat for 0.5-2 hours;
after the thermal deformation, the total deformation amount of the initial plate is more than or equal to 30 percent, and the final deformation temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃;
the tempering temperature is 150-280 ℃, and the tempering time is 30-120 min;
the martensite steel plate comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.05 to 0.40%, Si: 0.5-2.0%, Mn: 0.40-0.80%, Cr: 0.80-1.30%, Ni: 0-2.0%, Mo: 0-1.0%, Al: 0.05-2.0%, V: 0 to 0.2%, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities;
the austenitic steel plate comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.8 to 1.10%, Si: 0.30-1.60%, Mn: 9.5-18.0%, Cr: 0 to 2.0%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the total thickness of the martensitic steel sheet to the total thickness of the austenitic steel sheet is (1.5 to 3.5): 1.
3. the composite martensitic steel produced by the production method according to claim 1 or 2.
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