CN110681375B - Activated carbon heating reactor and method for regenerating activated carbon - Google Patents
Activated carbon heating reactor and method for regenerating activated carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN110681375B CN110681375B CN201911081932.2A CN201911081932A CN110681375B CN 110681375 B CN110681375 B CN 110681375B CN 201911081932 A CN201911081932 A CN 201911081932A CN 110681375 B CN110681375 B CN 110681375B
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- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
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- B01J20/3441—Regeneration or reactivation by electric current, ultrasound or irradiation, e.g. electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays, UV, light, microwaves
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Abstract
The invention discloses an activated carbon heating reactor and a method for regenerating activated carbon, which belong to the technical field of microwave application and comprise at least one reaction unit; the reaction unit comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, a shielding shell, a cut-off waveguide, a material pipe and at least one microwave source; the shielding shell is internally provided with a microwave-permeable material pipe with two ends extending towards the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell for accommodating active carbon; the air inlet is used for inputting specific gas, and the air outlet is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe; the specific gas passes through a cut-off waveguide before being input into the gas inlet and after being output from the gas outlet; the cut-off waveguide is used for reducing microwave escape from the air inlet and the air outlet; the side surface of the shielding shell is provided with feed ports which are in one-to-one correspondence with the microwave sources; the microwave source is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide or through the slot antenna to regenerate the activated carbon. The active carbon heating reactor and the method for regenerating the active carbon quickly regenerate the active carbon by utilizing microwaves, and have simple working procedures and good regeneration effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave application, and particularly relates to an activated carbon heating reactor and a method for regenerating activated carbon.
Background
At present, the active carbon regeneration method generally adopts a high-temperature regeneration method, and the adsorption balance is changed to achieve the purposes of desorption and decomposition. Firstly, dewatering and drying, namely separating active carbon from a conveying liquid phase, heating the active carbon to 100-150 ℃, evaporating water with the water content of 40-50% in the pores of the active carbon, volatilizing part of low-boiling-point organic matters, carbonizing the other part of the low-boiling-point organic matters, and leaving the other part of the low-boiling-point organic matters in the pores of the active carbon. The heat required for drying is about 50% of the total energy consumption of regeneration, and the volume used accounts for 30% -40% of the total regeneration device. And secondly, carbonizing and heating to 300-700 ℃ to volatilize all the low-boiling-point organic matters. The high boiling point organic matter is thermally decomposed, one part becomes the volatile desorption of the low boiling point organic matter, and the other part is carbonized and remains in the pores of the activated carbon. The rate of temperature rise and carbonization temperature depend on the type of adsorbent. And thirdly, continuously heating to 700-1000 ℃, and introducing activating gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen and the like into the active carbon pores to decompose the carbon remained in the micropores into carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and other activating gases to escape, so as to achieve the purpose of re-pore-forming. Fourth, cooling, and rapidly cooling the activated carbon with water to prevent oxidation.
The above steps for regenerating activated carbon are complicated, the process is complicated, and the adsorption capacity of the regenerated activated carbon obtained is rapidly weakened with the increase of the times, so that improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an activated carbon heating reactor and a method for regenerating activated carbon aiming at the defects, and aims to solve the problems that the existing activated carbon regeneration equipment and method are complex in steps, complex in working procedures, poor in effect of the obtained regenerated activated carbon and the like. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an activated carbon heating reactor comprising at least one reaction unit 1; the reaction unit 1 comprises an air inlet 2, an air outlet 3, a shielding shell 4, a cut-off waveguide 5, a material pipe 6 and at least one microwave source 7; a material pipe 6 with two ends extending to the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4 is arranged in the shielding shell 4; the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, and the material pipe 6 is permeable to microwaves; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas passes through a cut-off waveguide 5 before being input into the gas inlet 2 and after being output from the gas outlet 3; the cut-off waveguide 5 is used for reducing microwave escaping from the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. As can be seen from the above structure, the activated carbon heating reactor comprises at least one reaction unit 1, and when the amount of the simultaneously regenerated activated carbon needs to be increased, a plurality of reaction units 1 can be arranged in parallel; the shielding shell 4 is internally provided with a material pipe 6 with two ends extending towards the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the material pipe 6 can be a pipe extending in a straight direction, a pipe extending in a spiral direction or a pipe with other structures, and the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, so that the active carbon in each section of the material pipe 6 can fully absorb microwaves and fully heat the active carbon in the whole material pipe 6; the diameter of the material pipe 6 cannot be excessively large, the diameter is 120mm, the length is 1000mm, and the active carbon positioned in the middle of the material pipe 6 cannot absorb microwaves when the diameter is excessively large; the material pipe 6 can penetrate microwaves, and the material pipe 6 is made of quartz, ceramic and other substances capable of penetrating microwaves; the material of the inner wall of the shielding shell 4 is usually metal, so that microwaves can be reflected, and the microwaves can be reduced from escaping after entering the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, so that the microwaves are fully absorbed by the activated carbon; the number of the microwave sources 7 is at least one, and the smaller the power of the microwave sources 7 is, the more the number of the microwave sources 7 is needed; the invention adopts a three-phase five-wire system with the microwave frequency of 2450MHz plus or minus 50MHz and the voltage of 380V; when two reaction units 1 are arranged in parallel, 10 microwave sources with power of 1kW can be arranged, so that the cost performance is high; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas is generally stable gas, and nitrogen is adopted as the specific gas; after the activated carbon to be regenerated is filled into the material pipe 6, the nitrogen is input into the material pipe 6 through the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3, so that the activated carbon to be regenerated is in an anaerobic environment; the microwave source 7 starts to work, microwaves are input into the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, the microwaves pass through the material pipe 6 and are absorbed by activated carbon, the activated carbon is heated, impurities are discharged from the air outlet 3 along with nitrogen, and the activated carbon is regenerated; the microwave source 7 stops working, the air inlet 2 continues to input nitrogen into the material pipe 6, the high-temperature activated carbon is rapidly cooled, and the activated carbon is discharged. When the microwave source 7 works, the temperature of the nitrogen gas which is input into the material pipe 6 from the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3 is raised to about 400 ℃. The microwave can not only heat the activated carbon rapidly, but also avoid complicated steps such as steam introduction, and the discharge caused by the microwave can increase new pores of the activated carbon, thereby being beneficial to improving the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon and having better regeneration effect. Due to the presence of the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, an opening is necessarily required on the shielding shell 4, which leads to the possibility of microwave escaping from the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, and the provision of the cut-off waveguide 5 reduces the microwave escaping; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. The microwave source 7 is provided with the waveguide, so microwaves can be directly input from the feed port, the microwave source 7 can also input microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82, when the direct connection structure of the waveguide 81 is adopted, one side surface of the shielding shell 4 can be provided with a plurality of feed ports, the material pipe 6 is fully covered, when the structure of the slot antenna 82 is adopted, the slot antenna 82 also extends along the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the slot antenna 82 has various structures, for example, a rectangular waveguide is provided with a plurality of slots on the wide side, and microwaves enter the feed port from the slots; the slot antenna 82 structure employed in fig. 7 and 8; the size of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3 is limited by the cut-off waveguide 5, the cut-off waveguide 5 in fig. 1 is fixed on the shielding shell 4, the air outlet 3 is led to the outside through an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe passes through the corresponding cut-off waveguide 5; the air inlet 2 is accessed through an air intake pipe, and the air intake pipe passes through a corresponding cut-off waveguide 5; the material pipe 6 adopted in fig. 1 is a straight pipe, and adopts a waveguide 81 direct connection structure; the diameter of the material pipe 6 in the figure 1 is equal to the sizes of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3, but the amount of the activated carbon contained is smaller; the diameter of the material pipe 6 in fig. 2 is larger than that of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3, so that more activated carbon can be accommodated.
Further, the number of the microwave sources 7 is at least two; if the planes of the pair of feed ports are parallel, the positions of the pair of feed ports are staggered and/or the polarization directions of microwaves input by the pair of feed ports are different, so that the mutual coupling of microwaves input by the pair of parallel feed ports is reduced. According to the structure, the number of the microwave sources 7 is at least two, and when the number of the microwave sources 7 is large, the power of the microwave sources 7 can be selected to be smaller, so that the cost is reduced; when the number of the microwave sources 7 is large, the feed ports are inevitably opposite, so that the microwaves of the two microwave sources are easy to generate mutual coupling, the microwaves cannot be fully utilized, and meanwhile, the damage to the microwave sources 7 can be caused; the mode of reducing the mutual coupling can lead the opposite feed ports to be staggered and not opposite, or lead the microwave polarization directions with polarization directions to be different, thereby reducing the mutual coupling, improving the utilization rate of energy and protecting the microwave source 7.
Further, the microwave polarization directions input by the pair of feed ports are orthogonal. The structure can show that the mutual coupling is minimum when the microwave polarization directions of the paired feed ports are orthogonal, and the energy utilization rate is highest.
Further, the sizes of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3 are smaller than the diameter section of the material pipe 6. As can be seen from the above structure, the diameter of the material pipe 6 in fig. 2 is larger than that of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3, and more activated carbon can be accommodated compared with that in fig. 1.
Further, the diameter section of the material pipe 6 is connected with the air inlet 2 and/or the air outlet 3 through a diameter-variable section 83. As can be seen from the above structure, in fig. 3, the diameter section of the material pipe 6 is connected with the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3 through the diameter-variable section 83, or a certain port is connected with the diameter-variable section of the material pipe 6 through the diameter-variable section 83, and the diameter-variable section 83 is similar to a funnel; the drift diameter section and the reducing section 83 of the material pipe 6 can be integrated, so that the tightness is better; the reducing section 83 also facilitates the activated carbon in the coarse feed pipe 6 to fully contact the particular gas entering from the fine feed inlet 2.
Further, an air permeable block 84 is arranged at the front or rear position of the air inlet 2; the ventilation holes of the ventilation block 84 are smaller than the activated carbon particles so that the activated carbon particles cannot pass through the ventilation holes of the ventilation block 84. As can be seen from the above structure, fig. 4 shows that an air-permeable block 84 is provided at the position before the air is taken in from the air inlet 2; fig. 5 shows that an air permeable block 84 is arranged at the position of the air inlet 2 after air is taken in; the air-permeable block 84 allows the specific air to enter the material pipe 6 from the air inlet 2 to have the effect of uniformly distributing the specific air; the ventilation block 84 can be made of quartz, and can isolate a certain heat, when the material pipe 6 stands up to be arranged, the air inlet 2 is arranged below, the air outlet 3 is arranged above, so that specific gas can conveniently flow from bottom to top, but the activated carbon is influenced by gravity, and the ventilation block 84 prevents the activated carbon from falling out from the air inlet 2.
Further, the reaction unit 1 further includes a flip cover 85 and an air inlet pipe 86; the flip cover 85 is provided with an air inlet pipe 86; the intake pipe 86 is used for inputting a specific gas into the intake port 2; the flip cover 85 is used to prevent the air permeable block 84 from entering the air inlet tube 86. As can be seen from the above structure, the cut-off waveguide 5 corresponding to the air inlet 2 in fig. 4 is fixed on the shielding shell 4, and the flip cover 85 is opened and arranged on the cut-off waveguide 5; the flip cover 85 of fig. 5 is openably provided on the shield case 4, the cut-off waveguide 5 is fixed on the flip cover 85, and the air intake duct 86 is fixed on the flip cover 85 and penetrates the cut-off waveguide 5.
Further, a temperature sensor 87, a flowmeter 88 and a regulating valve 89 are also included; the temperature sensor 87 is used for monitoring the temperature of the gas output by the gas outlet 3; the flowmeter 88 is used for monitoring the flow rate of the specific gas input into the gas inlet 2; the regulating valve 89 is used for controlling the flow of a specific gas input to the gas inlet 2. According to the structure, the temperature of the gas output by the gas outlet 3 is measured by the temperature sensor 87, so that inaccuracy caused by directly measuring the temperature of the activated carbon is avoided, and whether the required process temperature is reached is judged by monitoring the gas outlet temperature on line.
Further, the reaction units 1 are two; the shielding shell 4 is six-sided straight cylinder-shaped; one side surface of the shielding shell 4 of the two reaction units 1 is attached; the other five sides of the shielding shell 4 of the two reaction units 1 are respectively provided with a slot antenna 82; the inlet ports 2 of the two reaction units 1 share a flow meter 88 and a regulating valve 89. As shown in fig. 8, the two reaction units 1 work simultaneously, only one air inlet device and one air outlet treatment device are needed, the treatment capacity of the activated carbon is improved, and the shielding shell 4 is six-sided straight cylinder-shaped, so that the split joint is convenient.
The method for regenerating the activated carbon by adopting the activated carbon heating reactor comprises the steps of pre-exhausting, heating and cooling; the pre-exhaust step specifically comprises the following steps: after the activated carbon to be regenerated is filled into the material pipe 6, the regulating valve 89 is opened, and the nitrogen is input into the material pipe 6 through the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3, so that the activated carbon to be regenerated is in an anaerobic environment; the heating step is specifically as follows: the microwave source 7 starts to work, microwaves are input into the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, the microwaves pass through the material pipe 6 and are absorbed by activated carbon, the activated carbon is heated, impurities are discharged from the air outlet 3 along with nitrogen, and the activated carbon is regenerated; the cooling step comprises the following steps: the microwave source 7 stops working, the air inlet 2 continues to input nitrogen into the material pipe 6, the high-temperature activated carbon is rapidly cooled, and finally the regulating valve 89 is closed to discharge the activated carbon.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention discloses an activated carbon heating reactor and a method for regenerating activated carbon, which belong to the technical field of microwave application and comprise at least one reaction unit; the reaction unit comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, a shielding shell, a cut-off waveguide, a material pipe and at least one microwave source; the shielding shell is internally provided with a microwave-permeable material pipe with two ends extending towards the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell for accommodating active carbon; the air inlet is used for inputting specific gas, and the air outlet is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe; the specific gas passes through a cut-off waveguide before being input into the gas inlet and after being output from the gas outlet; the cut-off waveguide is used for reducing microwave escape from the air inlet and the air outlet; the side surface of the shielding shell is provided with feed ports which are in one-to-one correspondence with the microwave sources; the microwave source is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide or through the slot antenna to regenerate the activated carbon. The active carbon heating reactor and the method for regenerating the active carbon quickly regenerate the active carbon by utilizing microwaves, and have simple working procedures and good regeneration effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first construction of a reaction unit according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second construction of a reaction unit according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third construction of a reaction unit according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth construction of a reaction unit according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fifth construction of a reaction unit according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sixth construction of a reaction unit according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a seventh structure of the reaction unit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of an activated carbon heating reactor according to the present invention;
in the accompanying drawings: the device comprises a 1-reaction unit, a 2-air inlet, a 3-air outlet, a 4-shielding shell, a 5-cut-off waveguide, a 6-material pipe, a 7-microwave source, a 81-waveguide, a 82-slot antenna, a 83-reducing section, a 84-air permeable block, a 85-flip cover, a 86-air inlet pipe, a 87-temperature sensor, a 88-flowmeter and a 89-regulating valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Embodiment one:
see fig. 1-8. An activated carbon heating reactor comprising at least one reaction unit 1; the reaction unit 1 comprises an air inlet 2, an air outlet 3, a shielding shell 4, a cut-off waveguide 5, a material pipe 6 and at least one microwave source 7; a material pipe 6 with two ends extending to the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4 is arranged in the shielding shell 4; the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, and the material pipe 6 is permeable to microwaves; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas passes through a cut-off waveguide 5 before being input into the gas inlet 2 and after being output from the gas outlet 3; the cut-off waveguide 5 is used for reducing microwave escaping from the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. As can be seen from the above structure, the activated carbon heating reactor comprises at least one reaction unit 1, and when the amount of the simultaneously regenerated activated carbon needs to be increased, a plurality of reaction units 1 can be arranged in parallel; the shielding shell 4 is internally provided with a material pipe 6 with two ends extending towards the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the material pipe 6 can be a pipe extending in a straight direction, a pipe extending in a spiral direction or a pipe with other structures, and the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, so that the active carbon in each section of the material pipe 6 can fully absorb microwaves and fully heat the active carbon in the whole material pipe 6; the diameter of the material pipe 6 cannot be excessively large, the diameter is 120mm, the length is 1000mm, and the active carbon positioned in the middle of the material pipe 6 cannot absorb microwaves when the diameter is excessively large; the material pipe 6 can penetrate microwaves, and the material pipe 6 is made of quartz, ceramic and other substances capable of penetrating microwaves; the material of the inner wall of the shielding shell 4 is usually metal, so that microwaves can be reflected, and the microwaves can be reduced from escaping after entering the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, so that the microwaves are fully absorbed by the activated carbon; the number of the microwave sources 7 is at least one, and the smaller the power of the microwave sources 7 is, the more the number of the microwave sources 7 is needed; the invention adopts a three-phase five-wire system with the microwave frequency of 2450MHz plus or minus 50MHz and the voltage of 380V; when two reaction units 1 are arranged in parallel, 10 microwave sources with power of 1kW can be arranged, so that the cost performance is high; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas is generally stable gas, and nitrogen is adopted as the specific gas; after the activated carbon to be regenerated is filled into the material pipe 6, the nitrogen is input into the material pipe 6 through the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3, so that the activated carbon to be regenerated is in an anaerobic environment; the microwave source 7 starts to work, microwaves are input into the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, the microwaves pass through the material pipe 6 and are absorbed by activated carbon, the activated carbon is heated, impurities are discharged from the air outlet 3 along with nitrogen, and the activated carbon is regenerated; the microwave source 7 stops working, the air inlet 2 continues to input nitrogen into the material pipe 6, the high-temperature activated carbon is rapidly cooled, and the activated carbon is discharged. When the microwave source 7 works, the temperature of the nitrogen gas which is input into the material pipe 6 from the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3 is raised to about 400 ℃. The microwave can not only heat the activated carbon rapidly, but also avoid complicated steps such as steam introduction, and the discharge caused by the microwave can increase new pores of the activated carbon, thereby being beneficial to improving the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon and having better regeneration effect. Due to the presence of the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, an opening is necessarily required on the shielding shell 4, which leads to the possibility of microwave escaping from the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, and the provision of the cut-off waveguide 5 reduces the microwave escaping; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. The microwave source 7 is provided with the waveguide, so microwaves can be directly input from the feed port, the microwave source 7 can also input microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82, when the direct connection structure of the waveguide 81 is adopted, one side surface of the shielding shell 4 can be provided with a plurality of feed ports, the material pipe 6 is fully covered, when the structure of the slot antenna 82 is adopted, the slot antenna 82 also extends along the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the slot antenna 82 has various structures, for example, a rectangular waveguide is provided with a plurality of slots on the wide side, and microwaves enter the feed port from the slots; the slot antenna 82 structure employed in fig. 7 and 8; the size of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3 is limited by the cut-off waveguide 5, the cut-off waveguide 5 in fig. 1 is fixed on the shielding shell 4, the air outlet 3 is led to the outside through an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe passes through the corresponding cut-off waveguide 5; the air inlet 2 is accessed through an air intake pipe, and the air intake pipe passes through a corresponding cut-off waveguide 5; the material pipe 6 adopted in fig. 1 is a straight pipe, and adopts a waveguide 81 direct connection structure; the diameter of the material pipe 6 in the figure 1 is equal to the sizes of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3, but the amount of the activated carbon contained is smaller; the diameter of the material pipe 6 in fig. 2 is larger than that of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3, so that more activated carbon can be accommodated.
Embodiment two:
see fig. 1-8. An activated carbon heating reactor comprising at least one reaction unit 1; the reaction unit 1 comprises an air inlet 2, an air outlet 3, a shielding shell 4, a cut-off waveguide 5, a material pipe 6 and at least one microwave source 7; a material pipe 6 with two ends extending to the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4 is arranged in the shielding shell 4; the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, and the material pipe 6 is permeable to microwaves; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas passes through a cut-off waveguide 5 before being input into the gas inlet 2 and after being output from the gas outlet 3; the cut-off waveguide 5 is used for reducing microwave escaping from the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. As can be seen from the above structure, the activated carbon heating reactor comprises at least one reaction unit 1, and when the amount of the simultaneously regenerated activated carbon needs to be increased, a plurality of reaction units 1 can be arranged in parallel; the shielding shell 4 is internally provided with a material pipe 6 with two ends extending towards the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the material pipe 6 can be a pipe extending in a straight direction, a pipe extending in a spiral direction or a pipe with other structures, and the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, so that the active carbon in each section of the material pipe 6 can fully absorb microwaves and fully heat the active carbon in the whole material pipe 6; the diameter of the material pipe 6 cannot be excessively large, the diameter is 120mm, the length is 1000mm, and the active carbon positioned in the middle of the material pipe 6 cannot absorb microwaves when the diameter is excessively large; the material pipe 6 can penetrate microwaves, and the material pipe 6 is made of quartz, ceramic and other substances capable of penetrating microwaves; the material of the inner wall of the shielding shell 4 is usually metal, so that microwaves can be reflected, and the microwaves can be reduced from escaping after entering the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, so that the microwaves are fully absorbed by the activated carbon; the number of the microwave sources 7 is at least one, and the smaller the power of the microwave sources 7 is, the more the number of the microwave sources 7 is needed; the invention adopts a three-phase five-wire system with the microwave frequency of 2450MHz plus or minus 50MHz and the voltage of 380V; when two reaction units 1 are arranged in parallel, 10 microwave sources with power of 1kW can be arranged, so that the cost performance is high; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas is generally stable gas, and nitrogen is adopted as the specific gas; after the activated carbon to be regenerated is filled into the material pipe 6, the nitrogen is input into the material pipe 6 through the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3, so that the activated carbon to be regenerated is in an anaerobic environment; the microwave source 7 starts to work, microwaves are input into the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, the microwaves pass through the material pipe 6 and are absorbed by activated carbon, the activated carbon is heated, impurities are discharged from the air outlet 3 along with nitrogen, and the activated carbon is regenerated; the microwave source 7 stops working, the air inlet 2 continues to input nitrogen into the material pipe 6, the high-temperature activated carbon is rapidly cooled, and the activated carbon is discharged. When the microwave source 7 works, the temperature of the nitrogen gas which is input into the material pipe 6 from the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3 is raised to about 400 ℃. The microwave can not only heat the activated carbon rapidly, but also avoid complicated steps such as steam introduction, and the discharge caused by the microwave can increase new pores of the activated carbon, thereby being beneficial to improving the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon and having better regeneration effect. Due to the presence of the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, an opening is necessarily required on the shielding shell 4, which leads to the possibility of microwave escaping from the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, and the provision of the cut-off waveguide 5 reduces the microwave escaping; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. The microwave source 7 is provided with the waveguide, so microwaves can be directly input from the feed port, the microwave source 7 can also input microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82, when the direct connection structure of the waveguide 81 is adopted, one side surface of the shielding shell 4 can be provided with a plurality of feed ports, the material pipe 6 is fully covered, when the structure of the slot antenna 82 is adopted, the slot antenna 82 also extends along the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the slot antenna 82 has various structures, for example, a rectangular waveguide is provided with a plurality of slots on the wide side, and microwaves enter the feed port from the slots; the slot antenna 82 structure employed in fig. 7 and 8; the size of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3 is limited by the cut-off waveguide 5, the cut-off waveguide 5 in fig. 1 is fixed on the shielding shell 4, the air outlet 3 is led to the outside through an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe passes through the corresponding cut-off waveguide 5; the air inlet 2 is accessed through an air intake pipe, and the air intake pipe passes through a corresponding cut-off waveguide 5; the material pipe 6 adopted in fig. 1 is a straight pipe, and adopts a waveguide 81 direct connection structure; the diameter of the material pipe 6 in the figure 1 is equal to the sizes of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3, but the amount of the activated carbon contained is smaller; the diameter of the material pipe 6 in fig. 2 is larger than that of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3, so that more activated carbon can be accommodated.
At least two microwave sources 7 are arranged; if the planes of the pair of feed ports are parallel, the positions of the pair of feed ports are staggered and/or the polarization directions of microwaves input by the pair of feed ports are different, so that the mutual coupling of microwaves input by the pair of parallel feed ports is reduced. According to the structure, the number of the microwave sources 7 is at least two, and when the number of the microwave sources 7 is large, the power of the microwave sources 7 can be selected to be smaller, so that the cost is reduced; when the number of the microwave sources 7 is large, the feed ports are inevitably opposite, so that the microwaves of the two microwave sources are easy to generate mutual coupling, the microwaves cannot be fully utilized, and meanwhile, the damage to the microwave sources 7 can be caused; the mode of reducing the mutual coupling can lead the opposite feed ports to be staggered and not opposite, or lead the microwave polarization directions with polarization directions to be different, thereby reducing the mutual coupling, improving the utilization rate of energy and protecting the microwave source 7. The microwave polarization directions input by the pair of feed ports are orthogonal. The structure can show that the mutual coupling is minimum when the microwave polarization directions of the paired feed ports are orthogonal, and the energy utilization rate is highest.
Embodiment III:
see fig. 3-7. An activated carbon heating reactor comprising at least one reaction unit 1; the reaction unit 1 comprises an air inlet 2, an air outlet 3, a shielding shell 4, a cut-off waveguide 5, a material pipe 6 and at least one microwave source 7; a material pipe 6 with two ends extending to the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4 is arranged in the shielding shell 4; the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, and the material pipe 6 is permeable to microwaves; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas passes through a cut-off waveguide 5 before being input into the gas inlet 2 and after being output from the gas outlet 3; the cut-off waveguide 5 is used for reducing microwave escaping from the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. As can be seen from the above structure, the activated carbon heating reactor comprises at least one reaction unit 1, and when the amount of the simultaneously regenerated activated carbon needs to be increased, a plurality of reaction units 1 can be arranged in parallel; the shielding shell 4 is internally provided with a material pipe 6 with two ends extending towards the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the material pipe 6 can be a pipe extending in a straight direction, a pipe extending in a spiral direction or a pipe with other structures, and the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, so that the active carbon in each section of the material pipe 6 can fully absorb microwaves and fully heat the active carbon in the whole material pipe 6; the diameter of the material pipe 6 cannot be excessively large, the diameter is 120mm, the length is 1000mm, and the active carbon positioned in the middle of the material pipe 6 cannot absorb microwaves when the diameter is excessively large; the material pipe 6 can penetrate microwaves, and the material pipe 6 is made of quartz, ceramic and other substances capable of penetrating microwaves; the material of the inner wall of the shielding shell 4 is usually metal, so that microwaves can be reflected, and the microwaves can be reduced from escaping after entering the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, so that the microwaves are fully absorbed by the activated carbon; the number of the microwave sources 7 is at least one, and the smaller the power of the microwave sources 7 is, the more the number of the microwave sources 7 is needed; the invention adopts a three-phase five-wire system with the microwave frequency of 2450MHz plus or minus 50MHz and the voltage of 380V; when two reaction units 1 are arranged in parallel, 10 microwave sources with power of 1kW can be arranged, so that the cost performance is high; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas is generally stable gas, and nitrogen is adopted as the specific gas; after the activated carbon to be regenerated is filled into the material pipe 6, the nitrogen is input into the material pipe 6 through the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3, so that the activated carbon to be regenerated is in an anaerobic environment; the microwave source 7 starts to work, microwaves are input into the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, the microwaves pass through the material pipe 6 and are absorbed by activated carbon, the activated carbon is heated, impurities are discharged from the air outlet 3 along with nitrogen, and the activated carbon is regenerated; the microwave source 7 stops working, the air inlet 2 continues to input nitrogen into the material pipe 6, the high-temperature activated carbon is rapidly cooled, and the activated carbon is discharged. When the microwave source 7 works, the temperature of the nitrogen gas which is input into the material pipe 6 from the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3 is raised to about 400 ℃. The microwave can not only heat the activated carbon rapidly, but also avoid complicated steps such as steam introduction, and the discharge caused by the microwave can increase new pores of the activated carbon, thereby being beneficial to improving the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon and having better regeneration effect. Due to the presence of the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, an opening is necessarily required on the shielding shell 4, which leads to the possibility of microwave escaping from the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, and the provision of the cut-off waveguide 5 reduces the microwave escaping; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. The microwave source 7 is provided with the waveguide, so microwaves can be directly input from the feed port, the microwave source 7 can also input microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82, when the direct connection structure of the waveguide 81 is adopted, one side surface of the shielding shell 4 can be provided with a plurality of feed ports, the material pipe 6 is fully covered, when the structure of the slot antenna 82 is adopted, the slot antenna 82 also extends along the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the slot antenna 82 is various in structure, for example, a rectangular waveguide is provided with a plurality of slots in a broadside, and microwaves enter the feed port from the slots.
The size of the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3 is smaller than the diameter section of the material pipe 6. The diameter section of the material pipe 6 is connected with the air inlet 2 and/or the air outlet 3 through a diameter-changing section 83. As can be seen from the above structure, in fig. 3, the diameter section of the material pipe 6 is connected with the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3 through the diameter-variable section 83, or a certain port is connected with the diameter-variable section of the material pipe 6 through the diameter-variable section 83, and the diameter-variable section 83 is similar to a funnel; the drift diameter section and the reducing section 83 of the material pipe 6 can be integrated, so that the tightness is better; the reducing section 83 also facilitates the activated carbon in the coarse feed pipe 6 to fully contact the particular gas entering from the fine feed inlet 2.
Embodiment four:
see fig. 4-7. An activated carbon heating reactor comprising at least one reaction unit 1; the reaction unit 1 comprises an air inlet 2, an air outlet 3, a shielding shell 4, a cut-off waveguide 5, a material pipe 6 and at least one microwave source 7; a material pipe 6 with two ends extending to the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4 is arranged in the shielding shell 4; the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, and the material pipe 6 is permeable to microwaves; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas passes through a cut-off waveguide 5 before being input into the gas inlet 2 and after being output from the gas outlet 3; the cut-off waveguide 5 is used for reducing microwave escaping from the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. As can be seen from the above structure, the activated carbon heating reactor comprises at least one reaction unit 1, and when the amount of the simultaneously regenerated activated carbon needs to be increased, a plurality of reaction units 1 can be arranged in parallel; the shielding shell 4 is internally provided with a material pipe 6 with two ends extending towards the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the material pipe 6 can be a pipe extending in a straight direction, a pipe extending in a spiral direction or a pipe with other structures, and the material pipe 6 is used for containing active carbon, so that the active carbon in each section of the material pipe 6 can fully absorb microwaves and fully heat the active carbon in the whole material pipe 6; the diameter of the material pipe 6 cannot be excessively large, the diameter is 120mm, the length is 1000mm, and the active carbon positioned in the middle of the material pipe 6 cannot absorb microwaves when the diameter is excessively large; the material pipe 6 can penetrate microwaves, and the material pipe 6 is made of quartz, ceramic and other substances capable of penetrating microwaves; the material of the inner wall of the shielding shell 4 is usually metal, so that microwaves can be reflected, and the microwaves can be reduced from escaping after entering the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, so that the microwaves are fully absorbed by the activated carbon; the number of the microwave sources 7 is at least one, and the smaller the power of the microwave sources 7 is, the more the number of the microwave sources 7 is needed; the invention adopts a three-phase five-wire system with the microwave frequency of 2450MHz plus or minus 50MHz and the voltage of 380V; when two reaction units 1 are arranged in parallel, 10 microwave sources with power of 1kW can be arranged, so that the cost performance is high; the air inlet 2 is used for inputting specific gas into one end of the material pipe 6, and the air outlet 3 is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe 6; the specific gas is generally stable gas, and nitrogen is adopted as the specific gas; after the activated carbon to be regenerated is filled into the material pipe 6, the nitrogen is input into the material pipe 6 through the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3, so that the activated carbon to be regenerated is in an anaerobic environment; the microwave source 7 starts to work, microwaves are input into the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, the microwaves pass through the material pipe 6 and are absorbed by activated carbon, the activated carbon is heated, impurities are discharged from the air outlet 3 along with nitrogen, and the activated carbon is regenerated; the microwave source 7 stops working, the air inlet 2 continues to input nitrogen into the material pipe 6, the high-temperature activated carbon is rapidly cooled, and the activated carbon is discharged. When the microwave source 7 works, the temperature of the nitrogen gas which is input into the material pipe 6 from the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3 is raised to about 400 ℃. The microwave can not only heat the activated carbon rapidly, but also avoid complicated steps such as steam introduction, and the discharge caused by the microwave can increase new pores of the activated carbon, thereby being beneficial to improving the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon and having better regeneration effect. Due to the presence of the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, an opening is necessarily required on the shielding shell 4, which leads to the possibility of microwave escaping from the air inlet 2, the air outlet 3, and the provision of the cut-off waveguide 5 reduces the microwave escaping; the side surface of the shielding shell 4 is provided with feed ports corresponding to the microwave sources 7 one by one; the microwave source 7 is used for directly inputting microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82 to regenerate the activated carbon. The microwave source 7 is provided with the waveguide, so microwaves can be directly input from the feed port, the microwave source 7 can also input microwaves to the feed port through the waveguide 81 or through the slot antenna 82, when the direct connection structure of the waveguide 81 is adopted, one side surface of the shielding shell 4 can be provided with a plurality of feed ports, the material pipe 6 is fully covered, when the structure of the slot antenna 82 is adopted, the slot antenna 82 also extends along the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell 4, the slot antenna 82 is various in structure, for example, a rectangular waveguide is provided with a plurality of slots in a broadside, and microwaves enter the feed port from the slots.
An air permeable block 84 is arranged at the front or rear position of the air inlet 2; the ventilation holes of the ventilation block 84 are smaller than the activated carbon particles so that the activated carbon particles cannot pass through the ventilation holes of the ventilation block 84. As can be seen from the above structure, fig. 4 shows that an air-permeable block 84 is provided at the position before the air is taken in from the air inlet 2; fig. 5 shows that an air permeable block 84 is arranged at the position of the air inlet 2 after air is taken in; the air-permeable block 84 allows the specific air to enter the material pipe 6 from the air inlet 2 to have the effect of uniformly distributing the specific air; the ventilation block 84 can be made of quartz, and can isolate a certain heat, when the material pipe 6 stands up to be arranged, the air inlet 2 is arranged below, the air outlet 3 is arranged above, so that specific gas can conveniently flow from bottom to top, but the activated carbon is influenced by gravity, and the ventilation block 84 prevents the activated carbon from falling out from the air inlet 2.
The reaction unit 1 further comprises a flip cover 85 and an air inlet pipe 86; the flip cover 85 is provided with an air inlet pipe 86; the intake pipe 86 is used for inputting a specific gas into the intake port 2; the flip cover 85 is used to prevent the air permeable block 84 from entering the air inlet tube 86. As can be seen from the above structure, the cut-off waveguide 5 corresponding to the air inlet 2 in fig. 4 is fixed on the shielding shell 4, and the flip cover 85 is opened and arranged on the cut-off waveguide 5; the flip cover 85 of fig. 5 is openably provided on the shield case 4, the cut-off waveguide 5 is fixed on the flip cover 85, and the air intake duct 86 is fixed on the flip cover 85 and penetrates the cut-off waveguide 5.
Also included are a temperature sensor 87, a flow meter 88 and a regulating valve 89; the temperature sensor 87 is used for monitoring the temperature of the gas output by the gas outlet 3; the flowmeter 88 is used for monitoring the flow rate of the specific gas input into the gas inlet 2; the regulating valve 89 is used for controlling the flow of a specific gas input to the gas inlet 2. According to the structure, the temperature of the gas output by the gas outlet 3 is measured by the temperature sensor 87, so that inaccuracy caused by directly measuring the temperature of the activated carbon is avoided, and whether the required process temperature is reached is judged by monitoring the gas outlet temperature on line.
The number of the reaction units 1 is two; the shielding shell 4 is six-sided straight cylinder-shaped; one side surface of the shielding shell 4 of the two reaction units 1 is attached; the other five sides of the shielding shell 4 of the two reaction units 1 are respectively provided with a slot antenna 82; the inlet ports 2 of the two reaction units 1 share a flow meter 88 and a regulating valve 89. As shown in fig. 8, the two reaction units 1 work simultaneously, only one air inlet device and one air outlet treatment device are needed, the treatment capacity of the activated carbon is improved, and the shielding shell 4 is six-sided straight cylinder-shaped, so that the split joint is convenient.
Fifth embodiment:
see fig. 7. The method for regenerating the activated carbon by adopting the activated carbon heating reactor comprises the steps of pre-exhausting, heating and cooling; the pre-exhaust step specifically comprises the following steps: after the activated carbon to be regenerated is filled into the material pipe 6, the regulating valve 89 is opened, and the nitrogen is input into the material pipe 6 through the air inlet 2 and discharged from the air outlet 3, so that the activated carbon to be regenerated is in an anaerobic environment; the heating step is specifically as follows: the microwave source 7 starts to work, microwaves are input into the shielding shell 4 from the feed port, the microwaves pass through the material pipe 6 and are absorbed by activated carbon, the activated carbon is heated, impurities are discharged from the air outlet 3 along with nitrogen, and the activated carbon is regenerated; the cooling step comprises the following steps: the microwave source 7 stops working, the air inlet 2 continues to input nitrogen into the material pipe 6, the high-temperature activated carbon is rapidly cooled, and finally the regulating valve 89 is closed to discharge the activated carbon.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and drawings of the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The active carbon heats the reactor, its characterized in that: comprises at least one reaction unit (1); the reaction unit (1) comprises an air inlet (2), an air outlet (3), a shielding shell (4), a cut-off waveguide (5), a material pipe (6) and at least one microwave source (7); a material pipe (6) with two ends extending towards the top surface and the bottom surface of the shielding shell (4) is arranged in the shielding shell (4); the material pipe (6) is used for containing active carbon, and the material pipe (6) can be penetrated by microwaves; the air inlet (2) is used for inputting nitrogen into one end of the material pipe (6), and the air outlet (3) is used for outputting gas exhausted from the other end of the material pipe (6); the front part of the nitrogen input air inlet (2) and the rear part of the gas output air outlet (3) respectively pass through a cut-off waveguide (5); the cut-off waveguide (5) is used for reducing microwave escape from the air inlet (2) and the air outlet (3); the side surface of the shielding shell (4) is provided with feed ports which are in one-to-one correspondence with the microwave sources (7); the microwave source (7) is used for inputting microwaves to the feed port directly or through the waveguide (81) or through the slot antenna (82) to regenerate the active carbon; an air permeable block (84) is arranged at the front or rear position of the air inlet (2); the size of the ventilation holes of the ventilation block (84) is smaller than the size of the activated carbon particles, so that the activated carbon particles cannot pass through the ventilation holes of the ventilation block (84); the reaction unit (1) further comprises a flip cover (85) and an air inlet pipe (86); an air inlet pipe (86) is arranged on the flip cover (85); the air inlet pipe (86) is used for inputting nitrogen into the air inlet (2); the flip cover (85) is used for preventing the ventilation block (84) from entering the air inlet pipe (86); the device also comprises a temperature sensor (87), a flowmeter (88) and a regulating valve (89); the temperature sensor (87) is used for monitoring the temperature of the gas output by the gas outlet (3); the flowmeter (88) is used for monitoring the flow of nitrogen input into the air inlet (2); the regulating valve (89) is used for controlling the flow of nitrogen input into the air inlet (2); the number of the reaction units (1) is two; the shielding shell (4) is six-sided straight cylinder-shaped; one side surface of the shielding shell (4) of the two reaction units (1) is attached; the other five sides of the shielding shell (4) of the two reaction units (1) are respectively provided with a slot antenna (82); the air inlets (2) of the two reaction units (1) share a flowmeter (88) and a regulating valve (89).
2. The activated carbon heating reactor of claim 1, wherein: at least two microwave sources (7) are arranged; when the planes of the pair of feed ports are parallel, the positions of the pair of feed ports are staggered and/or the polarization directions of microwaves input by the pair of feed ports are different, so that the mutual coupling of microwaves input by the pair of parallel feed ports is reduced.
3. The activated carbon heating reactor of claim 2, wherein: the microwave polarization directions input by the pair of feed ports are orthogonal.
4. The activated carbon heating reactor of claim 1, wherein: the sizes of the air inlet (2) and the air outlet (3) are smaller than the diameter section of the material pipe (6).
5. The activated carbon heating reactor of claim 4, wherein: the diameter section of the material pipe (6) is connected with the air inlet (2) and/or the air outlet (3) through the diameter-changing section (83).
6. A method for regenerating activated carbon in an activated carbon heating reactor, characterized by: the method for heating the reactor by using the activated carbon according to claim 1, comprising a pre-exhausting step, a heating step and a cooling step; the pre-exhaust step specifically comprises the following steps: after the activated carbon to be regenerated is filled into the material pipe (6), the regulating valve (89) is opened, and the nitrogen is input into the material pipe (6) through the air inlet (2) and discharged from the air outlet (3), so that the activated carbon to be regenerated is in an anaerobic environment; the heating step is specifically as follows: the microwave source (7) starts to work, microwaves are input into the shielding shell (4) from the feed port, the microwaves are absorbed by the activated carbon after passing through the material pipe (6), the activated carbon is heated, impurities are discharged from the gas outlet (3) along with nitrogen, and the activated carbon is regenerated; the cooling step comprises the following steps: the microwave source (7) stops working, the air inlet (2) continuously inputs nitrogen into the material pipe (6), the high-temperature activated carbon is rapidly cooled, and finally the regulating valve (89) is closed to discharge the activated carbon.
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