Fish, shrimp and crab pond culture system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture of fish, shrimp, crab and the like, and particularly relates to a pond culture system for fish, shrimp and crab.
Background
In the prior art, aquatic plants are natural baits for aquatic organisms such as fish, shrimp, crab and the like because of rich nutrition and the fact that the aquatic plants contain substances such as protein, fat, cellulose and the like in the process of aquatic product cultivation. In water, the aquatic weeds can purify water quality, regulate water temperature, and provide attachment, shelling and concealment for shellfishes such as shrimps, crabs and the like, so that good places with mutual injury are avoided.
The growth and distribution of aquatic weeds are influenced by environmental factors such as illumination in water, mineral elements, substrate and the like, so that at present, most lakes are generally lack of aquatic weeds, and the aquatic weeds are difficult to recover in most lakes due to the factors such as the substrate (anaerobic or hard substrate), the transparency of a water body, the large fluctuation of water level and the like, so that in fish, shrimp and crab ponds, in order to meet the needs of cultivation, grass seeds are usually required to be sown to meet the needs of the aquatic weeds. However, the grass seeds need a certain time to grow into grass, and farmers need to put seedlings for cultivation after the aquatic grass grows to a certain size, so that the cultivation period is influenced; moreover, after the first-stage catching of the fry, the shrimp and the crab is finished, the aquatic weeds at the bottom of the pond must be cleaned or pulled out, so that part of the water in the pond needs to be discharged, the water needs to be manually submerged into the bottom of the pond for cleaning, and manpower, material resources and time are consumed.
For this reason, also someone has researched and developed the placer that can place pasture and water in the pond, for example the utility model patent that publication number is CN108684515A, the name is pasture and water breeding device, this pasture and water breeding device, including settling the planting dish that can fluctuate at the submarine, planting dish bottom both sides are connected the rope body and the rope body passes and is connected at the subaqueous column and the kicking block of the surface of water and is connected, and kicking block fixed surface is connected with the motor, and motor output shaft encircles and is connected with the stirring board. The aquatic plant culture device can adjust the planting depth of aquatic plants, promote the photosynthesis efficiency of the aquatic plants, improve the growth speed and improve the water quality. But this pasture and water breeding device structure is comparatively complicated, and the installation assembly is inconvenient, simultaneously, still need have the motor in water, and is not energy-concerving and environment-protective, still has certain power consumption potential safety hazard.
In addition, in the prior art, the bottom of a pond is communicated in the arrangement of a common fishpond, and water in the whole pond needs to be drained during fishing so as to facilitate fishing. In order to solve the technical problem, someone has also made corresponding design to this, for example the name is CN207836520U for the bulletin number, the name is the growth catches the utility model patent in cellular-type pond, it includes the cell body, vertical face direction is equipped with the partition wall in the cell body, the partition wall separates the cell body for the growth pond and catches the pond, the bottom of the pool level in growth pond, the bottom surface of catching the pond is less than the bottom surface in growth pond, be equipped with the sluice gate on the partition wall, be equipped with the gate on the sluice gate, the gate is linked with the partition wall, be connected with the push-and-pull rod on the gate. This cellular-type pond structure is comparatively complicated, and its use that hardly comparatively convenient cooperation pasture and water breeding device.
Therefore, the research and development of a pond culture system for fishes, shrimps and crabs, which has the advantages of simple structure, energy conservation, environmental protection, and convenient and reliable use, is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and particularly discloses a fish, shrimp and crab pond culture system which effectively avoids the culture period, planting and weed pulling labor cost of aquatic products influenced by aquatic product culture links, has low manufacturing cost, energy conservation and consumption reduction, can not be influenced by severe weather such as typhoon weather, has adjustable suspension height of an air-floating aquatic product placing device in water and strong practicability,
in order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a pond culture system for fishes, shrimps and crabs, which comprises a pond, an aerator arranged in the pond and a plurality of air-floating type aquatic weed placing devices capable of floating on the water surface during inflation and sinking to the water bottom during deflation, wherein a boss type partition wall for partitioning the bottom of the pond is arranged in the pond, the top plane of the boss type partition wall is lower than the height position of a pond ridge, each air-floating type aquatic weed placing device comprises a buoyancy pipe and an aquatic weed basket, the aquatic weed basket is correspondingly connected with the buoyancy pipe, one end of the buoyancy pipe is provided with an air inlet, the other end of the buoyancy pipe is provided with a water outlet, the air inlet is correspondingly connected with the aerator, the aquatic weed basket can be suspended in a suspended state during inflation in the buoyancy pipe, and the aquatic weed basket sinks to the bottom of the pond during water filling.
As a further improvement of the above technology, the buoyancy pipe is a horizontally arranged buoyancy pipe, the buoyancy pipe is a PVC pipe, an air inlet is arranged on the upper surface of one end of the buoyancy pipe, the air inlet is connected with an aerator through a hose, a switch valve and a quick connector, a water outlet is arranged on the lower surface of the other end of the buoyancy pipe, and the float grass basket is connected with the float pipe in a balanced state in a plurality of uniform suspension modes.
As a further improvement of the above technology, the length of the buoyancy tube is 400 cm-600 cm, the tube diameter is 16 cm-20 cm, the buoyancy generated by the buoyancy tube under the condition of being filled with gas is 80 kg-185 kg, the float grass baskets suspended and connected on the buoyancy tube are arranged at equal intervals, the intervals are 5 cm-20 cm, and the float grass baskets have the following dimensions: the length is 40 cm-60 cm, the width is 30 cm-45 cm, the height is 20 cm-30 cm, and the top surface of the float grass basket is arranged on the lower surface of the buoyancy tube.
As a further improvement of the technology, in all the float grass baskets, the distance L1 between the float grass basket close to the air inlet end and the port of the side buoyancy tube is greater than the distance L2 between the float grass basket close to the water outlet end and the port of the side buoyancy tube, L1 is 20-25 cm, and L2 is 15-20 cm.
As a further improvement of the above technology, the float grass basket is connected to the buoyancy tube by a connecting rope or a tying band.
As a further improvement of the above-mentioned technique, the top of boss formula partition wall sets up a recess perpendicular with boss formula partition wall extending direction between two parties, be equipped with the sluice that is used for preventing each other leap up of aquatic products in the recess, the sluice can be for iron gate, wooden gate or silt bag jam etc. specifically choose for use according to actual need.
As a further improvement of the above technique, the cross section of the groove is a trapezoid with a large mouth and a small bottom.
As a further improvement of the technology, the height between the top of the boss type partition wall and the pond ridge is 50-60 cm.
As a further improvement of the technology, the height of the bottom of the groove from the bottom of the pond is 60-70 cm, the width of the top opening of the groove is 100-150 cm, the width of the bottom of the groove is 70-120 cm, and the height of the groove is 30-50 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the pond culture system, the plurality of air-floating type aquatic weed placing devices are placed according to actual needs, grown aquatic weeds are placed and thrown into the pond directly through the air-floating type aquatic weeds, the aquatic weed culture link is omitted, the culture period is effectively shortened, and the annual yield increase and income increase of 15% -20% can be realized; meanwhile, the labor cost of farmers for planting and pulling out the aquatic weeds is saved;
(2) according to the pond culture system, the air-floating aquatic plant placing device is matched with a specially designed pond for use, so that the work of scraping the pond or marking coarse aquatic larvae can be better completed, the air-floating aquatic plant placing device can be moved to a proper area according to actual needs, for example, the pond area transited to the other side of the boss type partition wall, the use is convenient and reliable, and great convenience is brought to the daily culture maintenance work of a farmer;
(3) the air-floating aquatic plant placing device can be moved and placed at any position in a fish pond at any time and is not limited by the topography at the bottom of the fish pond;
(4) the air-floating float grass placing device is characterized in that the PVC pipe is used for manufacturing the buoyancy pipe, so that materials are easy to find, and the air-floating float grass placing device is cheap, durable, simple, strong in practicability, and simple and convenient to operate and maintain;
(5) according to the pond culture system, no additional work equipment (such as a motor and the like) is needed by farmers, the cost investment is reduced, only the existing aerator is utilized, and the maximum utilization of the original resources is realized;
(6) the air-floating float grass placing device has no fittings or float grass left at the bottom of the pond after floating, does not generate the phenomenon of net hanging and net hooking, and is convenient for farmers to go out of the net and scrape the pond;
(7) according to the pond culture system, the used aquatic weeds can be recycled, so that the pollution of the waste aquatic weeds to the environment is greatly reduced;
(8) according to the air-floating float grass placing device, the float grass baskets can be in direct contact with sludge at the bottom of the pond, so that the roots can extend into the sludge to grow, the float grass baskets can absorb residual bait and excrement at the bottom of the pond and prevent the eutrophication of the bottom of the pond, and the bottom-changing effect is achieved; moreover, the aquatic weeds provide hidden and three-dimensional inhabitation places for the shrimps and the crabs, so that mutual killing is greatly reduced, and the culture yield is improved; the aquatic weeds can be used as the freshwater feed of shrimps and crabs, so that the feed cost is saved; the aquatic weeds are irradiated by light in the daytime and are used for photosynthesis to absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, so that the effect of increasing oxygen in a small amount or even not increasing oxygen in the daytime can be achieved, and the electricity expense is reduced;
(9) the air-floating type aquatic plant placing device can be sunk at the bottom of a pond, cannot be rapidly aged due to insolation, is not influenced by typhoon weather, and is easily damaged by typhoon in the traditional fixed floating bed;
(10) according to the air-floating aquatic weed placing device, when the equipment is inflated to be in a slightly-sinking state, two ends of the equipment can be tied by using two ropes, the other ends of the ropes are fixed on the corresponding pond ridges, and the depth of the equipment in water can be easily adjusted by tightening or loosening the ropes.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fish, shrimp and crab pond culture system according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a first schematic diagram of a pond configuration according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pond configuration of the present invention II;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the air-floating aquatic plant placing device in the invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the fish, shrimp and crab pond culture system comprises a pond 10, an aerator 30 arranged in the pond 10, and a plurality of air-floating aquatic weed placing devices 20 which can be suspended on the water surface when being inflated and sink on the bottom 12 of the pond when being deflated, a boss type partition wall 13 for partitioning the bottom of the pond 10 is arranged in the pond 10, the top plane of the boss type partition wall 13 is lower than the height position of the pond ridge 11 of the pond 10, the air-floating float grass placing device 20 comprises a buoyancy pipe 21 and a float grass basket 22, the float grass basket 22 is correspondingly connected with the buoyancy pipe 21 through a connecting rope or a tying belt 23, an air inlet 211 is arranged at one end of the buoyancy tube 21, a water outlet 212 is arranged at the other end, the air inlet 211 corresponds with the oxygen-increasing machine 30 and is connected, can be in suspended state with the suspension of pasture and water basket 22 when aerifing in the buoyancy pipe 21, sink the bottom 12 of pond 10 with the pasture and water basket 22 when filling with water.
As shown in fig. 4, the buoyancy tube 21 is a horizontally arranged buoyancy tube, the buoyancy tube 21 is a PVC tube, an air inlet 211 is arranged on the upper surface of one end of the buoyancy tube 21, the air inlet 211 is connected with the aerator 30 after being connected with the switch valve 25 and the quick connector 26 through the hose 24, a water outlet 212 is arranged on the lower surface of the other end of the buoyancy tube 21, and the float grass basket 22 is a plurality of float grass baskets which are uniformly suspended and connected to the buoyancy tube to enable the buoyancy tube to be in a balanced state.
As shown in fig. 4, the length of the buoyancy tube 21 is 400cm to 600cm, the tube diameter is 16cm to 20cm, the buoyancy tube 21 can bear the buoyancy of 80kg to 185kg, the float grass baskets suspended and connected on the buoyancy tube 21 are arranged at equal intervals, the interval is 5cm to 20cm, and the size of the float grass basket 22 is as follows: the length is 40 cm-60 cm, the width is 30 cm-45 cm, the height is 20 cm-30 cm, and the top surface of the float grass basket 22 is arranged on the lower surface of the buoyancy tube 21.
In addition, in all the float grass baskets 22, the distance L1 between the float grass basket 22 close to the air inlet end and the port of the side buoyancy tube 21 is greater than the distance L2 between the float grass basket 22 close to the water outlet end and the port of the side buoyancy tube 21, L1 is 20-25 cm, L2 is 15-20 cm, and L1 is greater than L2, so that when the float grass basket 21 is suspended on the water surface, the water in the water outlet 12 is better ensured to be in the water, the water in the water outlet is maximally gathered at the water outlet end, the residual water in the water outlet is completely discharged during inflation, and the water sealing performance of the float grass basket 21 is maintained.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a groove 131 perpendicular to the extending direction of the boss type partition wall 13 is centrally disposed on the top of the boss type partition wall 13, a water gate (not shown) for preventing aquatic products from leaping up is disposed in the groove 131, and the water gate may be an iron gate, a wooden gate, or a sediment bag, and the like, and may be specifically selected according to actual needs. The cross section of the groove 131 is a trapezoid with a large opening and a small bottom, the distance between the top of the boss type partition wall 13 and the pond ridge 11 of the pond 10 is 50-60 cm, the distance between the bottom of the groove 131 and the bottom of the pond 10 is 60-70 cm, the width of the top opening of the groove 131 is 100-150 cm, the width of the bottom of the groove 131 is 70-120 cm, the height of the groove 131 is 30-50 cm, the area in the pond is divided into two areas by the boss type partition wall 13, the two areas can be used for performing work such as individualized fishing or marking of thick aquatic larvae according to actual conditions, and meanwhile the groove 131 is set into a smooth transition of the air-floating aquatic weed placing device 20 moving from one area to another area, so that great convenience is provided. When the fishpond is scraped and collected, the air-floating float grass placing device 20 on one side is inflated and floated, the float grass placing device is moved to the other side of the boss type partition wall 13 for temporary storage, then water is drained, and when the water surface height of the whole fishpond is kept level with the boss type partition wall 13, the fishpond on one side of the emptied air-floating float grass placing device 20 is fished by the lower net; after the water is fished, the sluice gate of the groove 131 of the boss type partition wall 13 is opened, the air-floating type float grass placing device 20 on the other side and the air-floating type float grass placing device 20 on the original side are all moved to the fished side through the groove 131, and then the fishing is continuously finished on the area of the cleaned air-floating type float grass placing device 20.
The fish, shrimp and crab pond culture system effectively avoids the culture period and the labor cost for weeding of aquatic products influenced by the aquatic plant culture link, has low manufacturing cost, energy conservation and consumption reduction, can not be influenced by severe weather such as typhoon weather, has adjustable suspension height of the air-floating aquatic plant placing device in water, and strong practicability,
the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications of the present invention are also intended to be included within the scope of the claims and equivalent technologies of the present invention, unless they depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.