CN110679372A - Ecological restoration method for south edge of Guerbangtonggate desert - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for south edge of Guerbangtonggate desert Download PDFInfo
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- CN110679372A CN110679372A CN201910960269.7A CN201910960269A CN110679372A CN 110679372 A CN110679372 A CN 110679372A CN 201910960269 A CN201910960269 A CN 201910960269A CN 110679372 A CN110679372 A CN 110679372A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Guerbangtongguote desert south edge ecological restoration method, which comprises the following steps: selecting annual qualified halaxylon ammodendron seedlings, and soaking the annual qualified halaxylon ammodendron seedlings in ABT10 rooting powder for 5-8 hours; b: planting the nursery stocks treated by the rooting powder in a designated desert area by adopting a separate planting shovel, wherein the plant spacing is controlled to be 1.8-2.2m, and the row spacing is controlled to be 2.8-3.2 m; c: after planting is completed, the planting area is sealed and protected, normal growth of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings is guaranteed, and the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings are waited for setting seeds, the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings serve as mother trees, the seeds on each mother tree are scattered around the mother trees after being mature to take roots and germinate and grow natural seedling seedlings, and then the natural seedling seedlings are naturally differentiated in the later period, so that the natural seedling haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can be stabilized in 190 plus plants and 210 plants per mu to form a stable ecological system, and therefore the change from artificial planting to natural planting of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ecological restoration method for south edges of a Guerbangtong Gute desert.
Background
Haloxylon amodendron (C.A. Mey.) Bunge is a plant of the genus Clostridia of the family Chenopodiaceae, small arbor, 1-9 m high, and the diameter of the tree trunk can reach 50 cm. The bark is grey white, and the wood is hard and crisp. Flowers are grown on lateral short branches of biennial branches; the part of the perianth sheet above the wings is slightly bent inwards and surrounds the fruits; the faceplates are not apparent. The yellow brown of the cytocarps, the pericarp does not stick to the seed. The seeds were black. The flowering period is 5-7 months, and the fruit period is 9-10 months.
The haloxylon ammodendron grows on sand dunes, saline-alkali soil deserts, riverside sand lands and the like. Can adapt to the atmospheric drought with precipitation amount of only dozens of millimeters and evaporation amount of 3000 millimeters; the shuttle can resist heat, the shuttle can still grow normally at the air temperature of 43 ℃ and the ground surface temperature of 60-70 ℃, even at the temperature of 80 ℃; cold resistance, developed xylem of haloxylon ammodendron, rapid lignification in late autumn and capability of tolerating the low temperature of-40 ℃; salt tolerance, the salt content in the stem and branch of the haloxylon ammodendron reaches about 15 percent, the salt tolerance is very strong, the haloxylon ammodendron sapling can grow well when a semi-fixed sand dune is fixed, the salt content of soil is 0.2 to 0.3 percent, and the adult trees can still grow tenaciously when the salt content of the soil reaches 3 percent, so the haloxylon ammodendron is an extremely important wind-proof sand-fixing plant, and has ecological effects of wind prevention and sand fixation, soil improvement, microclimate improvement, biodiversity maintenance and the like, the effect is improved and tends to be stable along with the increase of the width of a forest belt and the forest age, and the haloxylon ammunition plays a great role in maintaining and building the ecological environment.
The Guerban Gute desert in the northern part of Xinjiang is a fixed semi-fixed desert, in recent years, due to artificial unreasonable firewood harvesting and grazing, the south vegetation of the Guerban Gute desert is seriously damaged, part of regional deserts show an activation trend, the production and life of local people are seriously influenced, the Guerban Gute desert is relatively harsh in environment, hot in summer and extremely high in temperature, cold and long in winter, extremely low in temperature can reach below-40 ℃, annual rainfall is only about 70-120mm, the evaporation capacity can reach above 3500mm, and therefore the Guerban desert is limited by environment, comprises haloxylon, bubble thorn, camel thorn and the like, belongs to desert plants, can grow in the desert, and has relatively high survival rate in the region and is suitable for the growth in the region. Therefore, the method of artificially planting the haloxylon ammodendron to restore desert ecology appears, but artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings do not have sustainability, mainly because the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings are root-broken seedlings, have developed lateral root systems and can only be distributed in soil layers about 40cm below the ground surface, the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron has no main root system, the seedlings die after the seedlings live for several years, and the artificial planting needs to be repeated, so that the cost is high. The naturally growing nursery stock has developed main root system, can be deeply buried 1.5-6m underground, and has strong and relatively high survival capability.
Therefore, the gulbanton gulte desert south edge ecological restoration method which is high in seedling survival rate, effective, rapid and low in cost is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Guerbantong Gute desert south edge ecological restoration method, which can not only improve the survival rate of haloxylon ammodendron seedlings, but also effectively, quickly and inexpensively realize the Guerbantong Gute desert ecological restoration.
The invention provides a Guerbangtongguote desert south edge ecological restoration method, which comprises the following steps:
a: taking spring as the planting period of the halaxylon ammodendron seedlings, and selecting annual qualified halaxylon ammodendron seedlings to soak the annual qualified halaxylon ammodendron seedlings in ABT10 rooting powder for 5-8 hours;
b: firstly, filling the halaxylon ammodendron seedlings treated by the rooting powder into a nutrition pot with the diameter of 9-11cm, and completely watering the nutrition pot with water for standby use, or filling the roots of the halaxylon ammodendron seedlings treated by the rooting powder into a bottle with the bottom removed, filling sandy soil into the bottle, completely watering with water for standby use, and then planting the seedlings placed in the nutrition pot or the bottle together with the nutrition pot or the bottle in a designated desert area by adopting a separate planting shovel;
or planting the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings treated by the rooting powder in a designated desert area by adopting a separate planting shovel, and then watering 0.9-1.1 kg of water for each haloxylon ammodendron seedling after the field planting is finished;
planting 150-170 haloxylon ammodendron seedlings in each mu of land in a specified desert area, controlling the plant spacing of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings to be 1.8-2.2m, and controlling the row spacing to be 2.8-3.2 m;
c: after planting is completed, the planting area is sealed and protected, normal growth of the planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings under natural conditions is guaranteed, and the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can wait for setting and falling of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings, the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can normally grow under natural conditions until the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can set and fall, 35-45 haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can be stored in each mu of land, the 35-45 haloxylon ammodendron seedlings are used as mother trees, the seeds on each mother tree are scattered to root and sprout around the mother trees after being mature, natural seedling plants are grown, and then the natural seedling plants can be stabilized between 190 haloxylon 210 plants after later-stage natural differentiation, so that a stable ecological system is formed, and the conversion from artificial planting to natural planting of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings.
As a preferable scheme of the application, in the step A, the root of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings is soaked for 5-8 hours by adopting ABT10 rooting powder.
As a preferable scheme of the application, in the step B, the plant spacing of the haloxylon seedlings is 2m, and the row spacing is 3 m.
Compared with the prior art, the method divides ecological restoration into an artificial restoration period and a natural restoration period, the seedlings planted in the artificial restoration period are mother trees in the natural restoration period, namely the artificial restoration period is prepared for the natural restoration period, the survival rate of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings growing under natural conditions is greatly improved by specific selection of the planting period and the types of the seedlings, root-growing powder soaking treatment, late-stage sealing protection and the like in the artificial restoration period, the survived haloxylon ammodendron seedlings are used as the mother trees to start to form seed setting and seed falling, the seeds of the mother trees are rooted and germinated in the natural restoration period to grow the natural seedling, and the subsequent natural differentiation can stabilize the natural seedling in each mu of land to be about 200 so as to form a stable ecological system, namely, the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings are planted artificially to ensure that the natural seedling grows into the mother trees capable of flower and seed falling in the natural environment, after six to seven years, the mother tree blooms and falls seeds, the seeds take roots and germinate to grow natural seedling nursery stocks, and the vitality of the natural seedling nursery stocks is far higher than that of the natural seedling nursery stocks which are planted manually, so that a stable ecological system is formed by the natural seedling nursery stocks in the later period under natural differentiation, the coverage rate of the haloxylon ammodendron nursery stocks in a desert area is increased, meanwhile, the planting cost of the haloxylon ammodendron nursery stocks is greatly reduced by utilizing the natural characteristics of the haloxylon ammodendron nursery stocks such as cold resistance, drought resistance and the like, and other manual intervention items such as irrigation, fertilization, insect killing and the like are not required to be added besides manual patrol after the haloxylon ammodendron nursery stocks are planted, and therefore, the coverage rate of the vegetation in the Guerbantong desert can be effectively, quickly and low.
Detailed Description
The embodiment provides a gulbantonggot desert south edge ecological restoration method, which comprises the following steps:
a: taking spring as the planting period of the haloxylon seedlings, namely early trimester february every year, wherein soil is unfrozen at the moment, and snow melting water is dissolved into a sand layer, so that the water absorption of seedling root systems is facilitated, and the survival efficiency of the seedlings is increased;
the annual qualified nursery stock is selected, the survival rate of the annual qualified nursery stock is relatively high, and the roots of the annual qualified nursery stock are soaked for 5-8 hours by using ABT10 rooting powder, so that the survival rate of afforestation can be effectively improved by over 10 percent.
B: firstly, filling the halaxylon ammodendron seedlings treated by the rooting powder into a nutrition pot with the diameter of 9-11cm, wherein the diameter of the nutrition pot is preferably 10cm, completely pouring the nutrition pot with water for use, or filling the roots of the halaxylon ammodendron seedlings treated by the rooting powder into a bottle with the bottom removed, filling sandy soil into the bottle and completely pouring the bottle with water for use, wherein the bottle is preferably a mineral water bottle or a glass or plastic bottle with a shape similar to that of the mineral water bottle, and then planting the seedlings placed in the nutrition pot or the bottle together with the nutrition pot or the bottle in a designated desert area by adopting a separate planting shovel; this embodiment adopts culture vessel such as nutritive cube and bottle to cultivate the nursery stock earlier, so, not only convenient transportation and avoid large tracts of land to irrigate the problem that causes the water waste, avoid direct planting nursery stock to need great field planting hole and lead to soil moisture loss and the problem that the planting survival rate is low moreover.
Or the like, or, alternatively,
firstly, planting the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings treated by the rooting powder in a designated desert area by adopting a separate planting shovel, and then watering 0.9-1.1 kg of water for each haloxylon persicum seedling after the field planting of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings is finished, wherein 1 kg of water is preferably watered for each haloxylon ammodendron seedling in the embodiment.
150-170 haloxylon seedlings are planted in each mu of land in a designated desert area, the plant spacing of the haloxylon seedlings is controlled to be 1.8-2.2m, and the row spacing is controlled to be 2.8-3.2 m.
In the embodiment, the step of planting the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings comprises the steps of digging a planting pit and planting, wherein the depth of the planting pit is 20-40cm, preferably 30cm, when the pit is dug, upper-layer dry sand and lower-layer wet sand are separately stacked, and stones and other impurities are picked out; during field planting, if the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings without culture containers are planted, the seedlings can be placed into a field planting pit firstly, then wet sand with the pit depth of 1/3 is filled, the seedlings are lifted and simultaneously compacted, the root system is ensured to stretch, meanwhile, a large amount of water is prevented from evaporating, the wet sand is continuously filled back and compacted until the wet sand is flush with the ground, finally, dry sand is covered on the base parts of the seedlings, and 1 kilogram of clear water is poured on each plant after field planting is completed; if the nursery stock with a culture container (a nutrition pot or a bottle) is planted, the nursery stock and the container with the nursery stock are directly placed in a planting pit, then wet sand is backfilled and is stepped until the nursery stock is flush with the ground, and finally, dry sand is covered on the base of the nursery stock.
In this embodiment, in order to avoid the influence of the greater afforestation density on the normal growth of the seedlings, it is preferable to plant about 160 haloxylon ammodendron seedlings per mu of land in a designated desert area, the plant spacing between the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings is 2m, the row spacing is 3m, the number of the seedlings which survive per mu of land after the planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings normally grow to the 5 th year under natural conditions can reach 40, and the 40 seedlings are distributed basically and uniformly.
Adopt the branch to plant shovel planting nursery stock in this embodiment not only can effectively protect the soil moisture content of soil not destroyed, can effectively improve the afforestation progress moreover.
C: after planting is completed, the planting area is sealed and protected in a fence or manual patrol protection mode and the like, so that the normal growth of the planted haloxylon seedlings under natural conditions is ensured, and the seedlings are ready for setting seeds, 35-45 haloxylon seedlings can be stored in each mu of land when the artificially planted haloxylon seedlings normally grow under natural conditions until the artificially planted haloxylon seedlings can set seeds, the 35-45 haloxylon seedlings are used as mother trees, the seeds on each mother tree are scattered in the range of 10 square meters around the mother tree after being mature to root and sprout and grow natural seedling seedlings, and then the natural seedling seedlings can be stabilized between 190 haloxylon 210 seedlings through later-stage natural differentiation, so that a stable ecological system is formed, and the conversion of the haloxylon seedlings from artificial planting to natural planting is realized.
According to field investigation, flowers can be opened and planted after artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings grow to the 5 th year, the number of natural seedling plants around the first year after each mother tree is planted is about 20, the number of natural seedling plants per mu can reach 800 when the number of natural seedling plants is the maximum, then natural differentiation is carried out later, the number of natural seedling plants per mu can be stabilized to about 200, as the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings are root-breaking seedlings and lateral roots, the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings are distributed in a soil layer about 40cm below the ground surface, do not have main root systems, can not be supplemented by deep underground water, the seedling plants have developed main root systems and can go deep into the ground by about 1.5-6m, therefore, the vitality and the survival rate of the seedling plants are far higher than those of artificial planting, and thus a stable ecological system can be formed, thereby realizing the conversion from artificial planting to natural planting of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings, and simultaneously, according to the investigation, the investment per mu of the planted haloxylon ammodendron, the planting cost per mu is far lower than the level of 1500 yuan per mu of planted trees, namely the planting cost per mu is only 3.3% of the cost of the arbor forest, and the later period has no management and irrigation expenses.
In this embodiment, the late stage natural differentiation refers to natural selection of the nursery stock in competition for superior and inferior natural growth.
In this embodiment, the period of the protection by sealing using a fence or manual patrol protection may be a long period, but at least 5 years are required, the 5 years are the growth period of the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings, and it is required to be protected from damage, the purpose of sealing is to enable the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings to naturally grow and fall without being damaged by external invasion, the environment for growing the newly grown naturally grown seedlings after falling should also grow without being damaged by external invasion, which means that the seedlings are not artificially excavated, and the like, animals are used as food.
In conclusion, the method prepares for natural seed falling and ecological restoration by artificially planting the haloxylon ammodendron in the desert activation area in the early stage, about 40 haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can grow and survive in the natural condition per mu of land, through natural seed falling, the number of the natural seedling per mu can reach 800 at most, and through natural differentiation at the later stage, the number of the natural seedling per mu can be stabilized at about 200, further forming a stable ecological system, meanwhile, because of the excellent performances of high drought resistance, cold resistance and the like of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings, after the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings are planted and other manual interventions are not performed in the growth process of the seedling plants, so that the investment cost is greatly reduced, therefore, the method in the embodiment not only can improve the survival rate of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings, but also can effectively, quickly and low-cost realize the restoration of the south ecology of the Guerbantong Gute desert.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and describing specific structures and features has not been set forth herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the present invention, several modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application is to be construed in accordance with the substance of the claims and its descriptive matter.
Claims (3)
1. The ecological restoration method for the south edge of the Guerbangtonggate desert is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a: taking spring as the planting period of the halaxylon ammodendron seedlings, and selecting annual qualified halaxylon ammodendron seedlings to soak the annual qualified halaxylon ammodendron seedlings in ABT10 rooting powder for 5-8 hours;
b: firstly, filling the halaxylon ammodendron seedlings treated by the rooting powder into a nutrition pot with the diameter of 9-11cm, and completely watering the nutrition pot with water for standby use, or filling the roots of the halaxylon ammodendron seedlings treated by the rooting powder into a bottle with the bottom removed, filling sandy soil into the bottle, completely watering with water for standby use, and then planting the seedlings placed in the nutrition pot or the bottle together with the nutrition pot or the bottle in a designated desert area by adopting a separate planting shovel;
or planting the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings treated by the rooting powder in a designated desert area by adopting a separate planting shovel, and then watering 0.9-1.1 kg of water for each haloxylon ammodendron seedling after the field planting is finished;
planting 150-170 haloxylon ammodendron seedlings in each mu of land in a specified desert area, controlling the plant spacing of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings to be 1.8-2.2m, and controlling the row spacing to be 2.8-3.2 m;
c: after planting is completed, the planting area is sealed and protected, normal growth of the planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings under natural conditions is guaranteed, and the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can wait for setting and falling of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings, the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can normally grow under natural conditions until the artificially planted haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can set and fall, 35-45 haloxylon ammodendron seedlings can be stored in each mu of land, the 35-45 haloxylon ammodendron seedlings are used as mother trees, the seeds on each mother tree are scattered to root and sprout around the mother trees after being mature, natural seedling plants are grown, and then the natural seedling plants can be stabilized between 190 haloxylon 210 plants after later-stage natural differentiation, so that a stable ecological system is formed, and the conversion from artificial planting to natural planting of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings.
2. The ecological restoration method for south edges of gulbanton gulte deserts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step A, the roots of the haloxylon seedlings are soaked for 5-8 hours by ABT10 rooting powder.
3. The ecological restoration method for south edges of gulbangtong gulte deserts as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in step B, the plant spacing of the haloxylon seedlings is 2m, and the row spacing is 3 m.
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| CN201910960269.7A CN110679372A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Ecological restoration method for south edge of Guerbangtonggate desert |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113039985A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-29 | 南京市江宁区农业农村局 | Method for planting cinnamomum camphora seedlings |
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| CN101965788A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-02-09 | 南京农业大学 | Method for improving survival rate of haloxylon seedlings |
| CN105210770A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-01-06 | 景泰县科学技术局 | Desert Regions, dust storm forward position sacsaoul Ecology method of forestation |
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| CN113039985A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-29 | 南京市江宁区农业农村局 | Method for planting cinnamomum camphora seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20200114 |