CN110676584B - Control method for accurately adjusting inclination angle of antenna - Google Patents
Control method for accurately adjusting inclination angle of antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN110676584B CN110676584B CN201910867199.0A CN201910867199A CN110676584B CN 110676584 B CN110676584 B CN 110676584B CN 201910867199 A CN201910867199 A CN 201910867199A CN 110676584 B CN110676584 B CN 110676584B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for accurately adjusting an antenna inclination angle, which is realized by an RCU (radio control Unit), wherein the RCU comprises the following steps: a motor for acting as a power mechanism for changing the inclination angle of the antenna; the microcontroller is used for controlling the motor to work; the motor is characterized in that a Hall switch is installed on the motor, and the controller is connected with the Hall switch and receives signals fed back by the Hall switch to control the number of turns of the motor. According to the invention, the Hall switch is directly arranged on the motor, the motor running condition is fed back by utilizing the Hall switch, and the microcontroller can accurately obtain the motor running condition by analyzing and processing the Hall switch signal of the motor, so that the control is accurate, an encoder is not required, the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the volume is small. Meanwhile, the angle control is converted into Hall calculation control by combining a specific control method, the control accuracy can reach 0.1 degree, and the control convenience and accuracy are further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a control method for accurately adjusting an antenna inclination angle.
Background
In an antenna network, if the height of a part of stations is too high, the problem of cross-zone coverage is caused, and the cross-zone coverage causes the network structure to be complex, thereby affecting the network quality. To solve the problem of coverage in the handover area, the down tilt of the base station antenna is adjusted.
In the prior art, the tilt angle of the antenna is generally controlled by an RCU (Remote Control Unit). The common RCU comprises a stepping motor and a controller, and the conventional RCU has the characteristic of high precision. When the stepping motor works, the number of steps of the stepping motor is controlled through external pulses, the control method is simple, generally, a signal is sent to the motor to step (or differentiate the steps), if the phenomenon of step loss is known, an encoder mode is needed to be adopted as feedback (namely, a control signal is sent to the stepping motor, and the encoder feeds back a signal to judge whether the step loss exists or not), and therefore the cost is correspondingly increased; the defects of high cost, large volume and small moment when the rotating speed is increased exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a low-cost and accurate-control method for adjusting the inclination angle of an antenna.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A control method for accurately adjusting the inclination angle of an antenna is realized by an RCU, and the RCU comprises the following steps: a motor for acting as a power mechanism for changing the inclination angle of the antenna; the microcontroller is used for controlling the motor to work; the motor is characterized in that a Hall switch is installed on the motor, and the controller is connected with the Hall switch and receives signals fed back by the Hall switch to control the number of turns of the motor.
More preferably, the method for acquiring the feedback signal of the hall switch comprises the following steps: 1) setting two detection points on a disc of the Hall switch, detecting signals twice by the Hall switch and triggering the microcontroller to externally interrupt twice when the motor rotates for one circle C1, entering an interrupt processing function when the interrupt is triggered each time, and accumulating Hall count H in the interrupt processing function once; 2) calculating the number of turns C2 of the motor after being decelerated, wherein C2 is H/(2R), and R represents the speed reduction ratio of the motor reduction box; 3) calculating the moving distance S2 of the phase shifter, wherein S2 is S1C 2, the phase shifter is connected with the output shaft of the speed reducer through a pull rod, a switching piece, a screw rod connecting piece, a screw rod and a transmission plum blossom head, and S1 represents the thread pitch of the screw rod; 4) calculating a Hall count HQ corresponding to each 0.1-degree inclination angle, wherein HQ is HZ/(A1 × 10), HZ is a total Hall count corresponding to the maximum adjusting pitch L1 of the screw, and HZ is L1/S1 × 2R; a1 is the maximum adjusting angle of the phase shifter of the antenna, and the adjusting distance and the adjusting angle are in an equal dividing state; 5) when the inclination angle is adjusted, the Hall counting machine is stopped according to the detected Hall calculation equal to the calculated Hall counting, so that the aim of accurately adjusting the inclination angle is fulfilled.
More preferably, the microcontroller is an STM32F0 microcontroller, and in actual operation, a timer inside the STM32F0 microcontroller is used to generate a PWM signal to control the operating speed and the torque of the motor, and a command sent by an external device is used to change the frequency and the duty ratio of the PWM signal, thereby changing the operating speed and the torque of the motor.
More preferably, the external device is one or more of an upper computer and a handheld controller, and the STM32F0 microcontroller is connected with the external device through an RS485 interface.
More preferably, the motor is a dc brush motor.
More preferably, the STM32F0 microcontroller is an STM32F072 type microcontroller.
More preferably, the hall switch detection signal is connected to a U6_18 pin of the microcontroller, which is configured in an external interrupt falling edge triggering manner.
More preferably, the control method for precisely adjusting the tilt angle of the antenna includes the following steps: 1) initializing a system; 2) sending an inclination angle adjusting instruction by using the external equipment, after receiving the inclination angle adjusting instruction, the microcontroller interrupts to generate a PWM signal through a timer to control the motor to start to adjust the inclination angle and interrupts to acquire the Hall switch signal until the motor runs to the specified position of the inclination angle adjusting instruction; 3) and sending a calibration instruction by using the external equipment, and after receiving the inclination angle adjusting instruction, the microcontroller interrupts to generate a PWM signal through a timer to control the motor to start to calibrate the inclination angle.
More preferably, the calibration step is: firstly, controlling the motor to run to an original position, wherein the position actually corresponds to the maximum position of the inclination angle; then controlling the motor to rotate reversely and operating to a maximum adjustable position, wherein the position actually corresponds to the minimum position of the inclination angle; and then controlling the motor to rotate forwards and return to the inclination angle position of the stored parameter in the system to finish the whole calibration process.
More preferably, the method for determining the position of the motor at the home position includes: the counting time duration of the Hall switch is detected to determine, and when the counting time duration is not detected within a certain time T1, the motor is judged to be blocked and is operated to the original position.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
one, through directly setting up hall switch on the motor, utilize hall switch to feed back the motor running situation, microcontroller just can accurately reachs the motor running situation through this motor hall switching signal of analytic processing, and not only control is accurate, need not the encoder moreover, simple structure, with low costs, small. Meanwhile, the angle control is converted into Hall calculation control by combining a specific control method, the control accuracy can reach 0.1 degree, and the control convenience and accuracy are further improved.
Secondly, an STM32F0 microcontroller with high cost performance is used as a control center, a PWM signal generated by a timer in the microcontroller is used for controlling the running speed and the torque force of the motor, and external equipment (including upper computer software, a handheld controller and the like) is used for sending a command to change the frequency and the duty ratio of the PWM signal, so that the running speed and the torque force of the driving motor can be adjusted, the rotating speed and the torque force are not reduced (the rotating speed is determined by the current), and the problem that the rotating speed and the torque force are reduced due to the rotation speed of a stepping motor in the traditional control technology is solved.
And thirdly, ensuring that the actual inclination angle of the antenna is consistent with the inclination angle input by the external equipment through a specific calibration step.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart for adjusting the inclination angle of an antenna by interrupting the acquisition of hall switch signals.
Fig. 2 shows an antenna calibration flow chart.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings of the specification, so that the technical solutions and the advantages thereof are more clear and clear. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to be illustrative of the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
A control method for accurately adjusting the inclination angle of an antenna is realized by an RCU, and the RCU comprises the following steps: a motor for acting as a power mechanism for changing the inclination angle of the antenna; the microcontroller is used for controlling the motor to work; the motor is characterized in that a Hall switch is installed on the motor, and the controller is connected with the Hall switch and receives signals fed back by the Hall switch to control the number of turns of the motor.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for the controller to collect the hall switch feedback signal for tilt angle control includes:
1) and connecting the Hall switch detection signal to the microcontroller, wherein a disc of the Hall switch is provided with two detection points, when the motor rotates for one circle C1, the Hall switch detects two times of signals and triggers the microcontroller to interrupt for two times, an interrupt processing function is entered when the interrupt is triggered for each time, and Hall count H in the interrupt processing function is accumulated for one time.
2) And calculating the number of turns C2 of the motor after speed reduction according to the Hall count H, wherein C2 is H/(2R), and R represents the speed reduction ratio of the speed reduction box because the motor is provided with the speed reduction box.
3) A transmission quincuncial head is fixed on an output shaft of the speed reducer, the transmission quincuncial head is fastened together with a screw rod, a screw rod connecting piece with internal threads is sleeved outside the screw rod, and the screw rod connecting piece is connected with the phase shifter through a switching piece and a pull rod; the motor rotates for one circle after being decelerated to drive the screw rod connecting piece to move forward or backward by the thread space S1 of one screw rod, and the screw rod connecting piece is connected with the phase shifter, so that the forward or backward distance S2 of the screw rod connecting piece can drive the phase shifter to move by the distance S2, and S2 is S1C 2.
4) Assuming that the maximum adjustment angle a1 of the antenna phase shifter corresponds to the maximum adjustment distance L1, the adjustment distance and the adjustment angle are in an average state, the total hall count HZ is calculated as L1/S1R according to the maximum adjustment pitch L1 and the thread pitch S1, and further the hall count HQ corresponding to each 0.1 ° inclination angle is calculated as HZ/(a1 10).
5) When the inclination angle is adjusted, the Hall counting machine is stopped according to the detected Hall calculation equal to the calculated Hall counting, so that the aim of accurately adjusting the inclination angle is fulfilled.
In this embodiment, preferably, the microcontroller is an STM32F0 microcontroller, and preferably, the motor is a dc brush motor. In actual work, a timer in the STM32F0 microcontroller is used for generating PWM signals to control the running speed and the torque force of the motor, and the frequency and the duty ratio of the PWM signals are changed by using instructions sent by external equipment so as to change the running speed and the torque force of the motor. Therefore, the rotating speed increasing torque is not reduced (the rotating speed is determined by the current), and the problem that the rotating speed increasing torque force is reduced in the stepping motor in the traditional control technology is solved.
Preferably, the external equipment is preferably an upper computer, and the STM32F0 microcontroller is connected with the external equipment through an RS485 interface. In other embodiments, the external device is a handheld controller or a tablet computer, and is not limited to this embodiment.
Further preferably, the STM32F0 microcontroller is an STM32F072 type microcontroller. The hall switch detection signal is connected to the U6_18 pin of the microcontroller, which is configured in an external interrupt falling edge triggered manner.
As shown in fig. 2, the antenna tilt angle adjustment includes the following steps: 1) initializing a system; 2) sending an inclination angle adjusting instruction by using external equipment, after receiving the inclination angle adjusting instruction, the STM32F0 microcontroller controls the motor to start to adjust the inclination angle by generating a PWM signal through timer interruption and interrupts acquisition of the Hall switch signal until the motor runs to the position specified by the inclination angle adjusting instruction; 3) and an external device is used for sending a calibration instruction, and after the STM32F0 microcontroller receives an inclination angle adjusting instruction, a timer is interrupted to generate a PWM signal to control the motor to start to calibrate the inclination angle.
The inclination angle calibration step comprises the following steps: firstly, controlling the motor to run to an original position, wherein the position actually corresponds to the maximum position of the inclination angle; then controlling the motor to rotate reversely and operating to a maximum adjustable position, wherein the position actually corresponds to the minimum position of the inclination angle; and then controlling the motor to rotate forwards and return to the inclination angle position of the stored parameter in the system to finish the whole calibration process.
In this embodiment, the method for determining the position of the motor at the home position includes: the counting time duration of the Hall switch is detected to determine, and when the counting time duration is not detected within a certain time T1, the motor is judged to be blocked and is operated to the original position.
The method for adjusting and controlling the inclination angle of the antenna provided by the embodiment has the following advantages: 1) through directly setting up hall switch on the motor, utilize hall switch to feed back the motor running situation, microcontroller just can accurately reachs the motor running situation through this motor hall switching signal of analytic processing, and not only control is accurate, need not the encoder moreover, simple structure, with low costs, small. Meanwhile, the angle control is converted into Hall calculation control by combining a specific control method, the control accuracy can reach 0.1 degree, and the control convenience and accuracy are further improved. 2) The STM32F0 microcontroller with high cost performance is used as a control center, the PWM signal generated by the timer in the microcontroller is used for controlling the motor running speed and torque force, and the external equipment (including upper computer software, a handheld controller and the like) is used for sending a command to change the frequency and duty ratio of the PWM signal, so that the running speed and torque force of the driving motor can be adjusted, the rotating speed and torque force are not reduced (the rotating speed is determined by the current), and the problem that the rotating speed and torque force of the stepping motor in the traditional control technology are reduced is solved. 3) By a specific calibration step it is ensured that the actual tilt angle of the antenna coincides with the tilt angle input by the external device.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art from the foregoing description of construction and principles that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that modifications and substitutions based on the teachings of the art may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The details not described in the detailed description are prior art or common general knowledge.
Claims (9)
1. A control method for accurately adjusting the inclination angle of an antenna is realized by an RCU, and the RCU comprises the following steps: a motor for acting as a power mechanism for changing the inclination angle of the antenna; the microcontroller is used for controlling the motor to work; the motor is characterized in that a Hall switch is arranged on the motor, and the microcontroller is connected with the Hall switch and receives signals fed back by the Hall switch to control the number of turns of the motor;
the method for acquiring the feedback signal of the Hall switch comprises the following steps:
1) setting two detection points on a disc of the Hall switch, detecting signals twice by the Hall switch and triggering the microcontroller to externally interrupt twice when the motor rotates for one circle C1, entering an interrupt processing function when the interrupt is triggered each time, and accumulating Hall count H in the interrupt processing function once;
2) calculating the number of turns C2 of the motor after speed reduction, wherein C2= H/(2R), and R represents the speed reduction ratio of the speed reduction box;
3) calculating the moving distance S2 of the phase shifter, S2= S1 × C2, and S1 represents the pitch of the screw threads; the phase shifter is connected with an output shaft of the reduction gearbox through a pull rod, a switching piece, a screw rod connecting piece, a screw rod and a transmission plum blossom head, the transmission plum blossom head is fixed on the output shaft of the reduction gearbox and is fastened together with the screw rod, the screw rod is sleeved with the screw rod connecting piece with internal threads, and the screw rod connecting piece is connected with the phase shifter through the switching piece and the pull rod; the motor rotates for a circle after being decelerated to drive the screw rod connecting piece to move forward or backward by a screw thread space S1 of a screw rod;
4) calculating a Hall count HQ corresponding to each 0.1-degree inclination angle, wherein HQ = HZ/(A1 × 10), HZ is a total Hall count corresponding to the maximum adjusting pitch L1 of the screw, and HZ = (L1/S1) × 2 × R; a1 is the maximum adjusting angle of the phase shifter of the antenna, and the adjusting distance and the adjusting angle are in an equal dividing state;
5) when the inclination angle is adjusted, the machine is stopped according to the Hall count obtained by detecting that the Hall count is equal to the calculated Hall count, so that the aim of accurately adjusting the inclination angle is fulfilled.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microcontroller is an STM32F0 microcontroller, and in practical use, a timer inside the STM32F0 microcontroller is used to generate a PWM signal to control the operating speed and torque of the motor, and a command from an external device is used to change the frequency and duty ratio of the PWM signal, thereby changing the operating speed and torque of the motor.
3. The control method for accurately adjusting the inclination angle of the antenna according to claim 2, wherein the external device is one or more of an upper computer and a handheld controller, and the STM32F0 microcontroller is connected with the external device through an RS485 interface.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the motor is a dc brush motor.
5. The control method for precisely adjusting the inclination angle of the antenna according to claim 2, wherein the STM32F0 microcontroller is an STM32F072 type microcontroller.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the Hall switch detection signal is connected to a U6_18 pin of the microcontroller, the pin being configured to trigger the falling edge of the external interrupt.
7. The control method for precisely adjusting the tilt angle of the antenna according to claim 5, comprising the following steps:
1) initializing a system;
2) sending an inclination angle adjusting instruction by using the external equipment, after receiving the inclination angle adjusting instruction, the microcontroller interrupts to generate a PWM signal through a timer to control the motor to start to adjust the inclination angle and interrupts to acquire the Hall switch signal until the motor runs to the specified position of the inclination angle adjusting instruction;
3) and sending a calibration instruction by using the external equipment, and after receiving the inclination angle adjusting instruction, the microcontroller interrupts to generate a PWM signal through a timer to control the motor to start to calibrate the inclination angle.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the calibration step comprises: firstly, controlling the motor to rotate to an original position, then controlling the motor to rotate reversely and operating to a maximum adjustable position; and then controlling the motor to rotate forwards and return to the inclination angle position of the stored parameter in the system to finish the whole calibration process.
9. The method for controlling the antenna tilt angle to be accurately adjusted according to claim 8, wherein the method for judging the position of the motor at the original position comprises the following steps: the counting time duration of the Hall switch is detected to determine, and when the counting time duration is not detected within a certain time T1, the motor is judged to be blocked and is operated to the original position.
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Effective date of registration: 20220601 Address after: 528100 No. 4 Jinye Second Road, Southwest Industrial Park, Sanshui District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: GUANGDONG SHENGLU TELECOMMUNICATION TECH. Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Guangdong Shenglu Communication Co., Ltd Address before: 528100 No. 4 Jinye Second Road, Southwest Industrial Park, Sanshui District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: GUANGDONG SHENGLU TELECOMMUNICATION TECH. Co.,Ltd. |