CN110674594A - Ergonomic-based method for analyzing cab of compound-number motor train unit - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a renaming number motor train unit cab analysis method based on human-machine engineering, which is used for improving the working environment of a train driver and reducing the fatigue degree of the driver, performing human-machine engineering checking and optimization on the layout design of the train cab, improving the working efficiency of the driver and ensuring the safety and reliability of train running. The invention takes a cab of a certain type of a compound number as a research object, and establishes a three-dimensional human body model suitable for the research by utilizing a RAMSIS software development environment; according to the standard, the man-machine engineering check is carried out on the aspects of the extension property, the front visual field property, the spatial property, the instrument panel visual field property, the sitting posture comfort and the like of a driver in a train cab, and the optimization is carried out aiming at the lack of rationality; on the basis, the designed cab layout is evaluated by using the G1 evaluation method, and the result shows that the train cab layout design method is superior to the cab design of the traditional vehicle type, and has important guiding significance for the arrangement of the train cab.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional simulation, and particularly relates to a renaming motor train unit cab analysis method based on a human-machine engineering theory.
Background
The train cab in the high-speed intelligent motor train unit is the center of the train, determines the safety and reliability of train operation, applies the human-machine engineering theory to train design, and is an important stage of a development link in the train design process.
At present, the domestic research on cab ergonomics mainly focuses on the aspects of passenger vehicles and special vehicles, the research on the rail train cab ergonomics is still in a starting stage, the progress is slow, and specific human body size standards and referential human-machine analysis specifications are lacked. In addition, due to the increase of train expansion functions, various advanced devices in a cab are increased continuously, and the difficulty of ergonomic analysis is further increased.
Meanwhile, the train driver has high working strength and long continuous working time, so that driving fatigue is particularly easy to generate. However, no scientific analysis method for checking and optimizing the man-machine engineering through the layout design of the train cab to improve the comfort and the operation safety of the cab exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a renaming number motor train unit cab analysis method based on human-machine engineering, which is based on establishing a specific human body model of a train driver in China, designs and analyzes the spatial arrangement of a renaming number motor train unit cab based on RAMIS software, performs human-machine analysis on the extensibility, the front visual field, the spatiality, the instrument panel visual field, the sitting comfort and the like of the driver, and performs quantitative checking by using a G1 evaluation method, so that the working environment of the driver is improved, and the running safety of a train is improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a renaming motor train unit cab analysis method based on human-machine engineering comprises the following steps:
A. utilizing three-dimensional modeling software Rhino to carry out three-dimensional modeling on a train shell, the interior of a cab, a driving platform and accessory parts thereof and a seat, and establishing a cab model;
B. taking a P5 human model as 1600mm, a P50 human model as 1742mm and a P95 human model as 1900mm, and establishing the human model in the RAMIS to establish the human model;
C. human body posture calculation and constraint: restraining a human body on a seat in a comfortable sitting posture, and calculating the most possible driving posture of a driver by giving surrounding environment data and constraint conditions;
D. spatial arrangement dimension chain determination:
d1 designing the space layout of the train cab in the initial stage, wherein the relative position relationship between the seat and the console is a closed loop of a size chain under the condition that the height of the console is determined, the cab seat is an adjustable seat, the up-down adjustable range is 80mm, and the front-back adjustable range is 200 mm;
d2, adopting a limit design method, and designing a P5 manikin at the lower end of the foremost end of the movable range of the seat, a P50 manikin at the middle position of the movable range of the seat and a P95 manikin at the rearmost and upmost end of the movable range of the seat;
d3, performing front signal lamp visual field analysis to determine whether a high-low signal lamp can be seen;
d4, when the low department signal lamp field of vision in driver place ahead is seriously sheltered from, carry out man-machine optimization, adjust closed loop size chain for the spatial arrangement of driver's cabin satisfies driver's driving demand, specifically is: adjusting the vertical distance between the plane of the seat and the floor of a cab, and adjusting by taking the normal sitting posture of a human body P50 as a reference;
D＝fa-h+m (1)
in the formula: d is the adjusted distance, faThe vertical distance between the thigh and the ground when the human body is in a normal sitting posture is P50, h is the thickness of the thigh, and m is the size correction;
d5, adjusting the horizontal distance between the seat and the control console according to the length of the arm of the human body P50, and ensuring the reach of the driver; the position of the control console is adjusted according to project experience, and the distance from the eye point of a driver to the windshield glass is ensured;
E. driver reach analysis: analyzing whether the hand stretching envelope surface of the driver covers the working table or not;
F. forward visual field analysis: after the driver restrains, the front visual field of the driver is analyzed, and whether the driver can clearly see the signal lamps at the high and low positions during normal driving is judged;
G. instrument panel visual field analysis: keeping the driving posture of the driver unchanged, turning the head of the driver to the left and the right by an angle alpha respectively, and determining whether all instrument displays on the table top can be seen;
H. spatial analysis: selecting a P50 human body model, constraining the human body model to a visiting position, keeping the body upright normally, and determining whether the vertical distance between the top of the measuring head and the inside of the cab meets the standing requirement of people of medium stature;
I. comfort analysis: the method comprises the following steps of establishing a comfort evaluation index in the RAMIS, wherein the comfort evaluation index comprises three parts: respectively restraining three human body models P5, P50 and P95 well according to the total discomfort, the discomfort of each part of the body and the spine health index, and carrying out sitting posture driving comfort analysis to obtain the comfort score of each part of the body;
J. the evaluation was made based on the driver comfort of the G1 method.
Further, step C, the constraining comprises: c1. h point of the human body and design H point of the seat; c2. the left heel point and the pedal plane; c3. a left foot pedal and a pedal plane; c4. a right foot pedal and a pedal plane; c5. a right foot pedal and a pedal plane; c6. the right hand and the demodulator, the left hand is placed on the plane of the driving platform.
Further, in step D4, the size correction is a thickness of clothes and a thickness of shoes.
Further, step I, the total discomfort comprises two parts of fatigue value and total uncomfortable feeling value, the grade is from 0 to 8, and the lower the value is, the better the value is; discomfort of various parts of the body comprises discomfort feeling values of neck, shoulders, back, buttocks, legs and arms, the value of the score is from 0 to 8, the ideal result is that the value of the score is less than 2.5, the value of the score is considered acceptable and needs to be improved between 2.5 and 5.5, and the value of the score is unacceptable when the value of the score is higher than 5.5; the spinal health index is also from 0 to 8, with values between 4 and 5 being acceptable.
Further, in step J, the weighting process by the G1 method is as follows:
j1, selecting a driver comfort evaluation index;
j2, sorting according to the importance degree of the selected index, and the process is as follows: selecting the most important index from the m indexes; then, selecting the most important one from the remaining m-1 indexes, and repeating the steps until the last index is selected, and finishing the sorting;
j3, assigning the indexes after sorting, and assigning the ratio (K-1/K) of K-1 indexes and K indexes which have finished sorting, wherein K is 2,3, … …, m-1, m;
j4 calculation of weight coefficient
Wherein, wk-1＝rkwk(k＝m,m-1，......3,2)；
J5, fuzzy evaluation of human-machine analysis is performed by the obtained weight.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in order to improve the working environment of a train driver and reduce the fatigue degree of the driver, the invention checks and optimizes the man-machine engineering by the layout design of the train cab, thereby improving the working efficiency of the driver and ensuring the safety and reliability of train running; the invention takes a cab of a certain type of a compound number as a research object, and establishes a three-dimensional human body model suitable for the research by utilizing a RAMSIS software development environment; according to the UIC 651 standard and other related standards, the method carries out the human-machine engineering check on the aspects of the extension, the front visual field, the space, the instrument panel visual field, the sitting comfort and the like of a driver in a train cab, and optimizes the lack of rationality; on the basis, the designed cab layout is evaluated by using the G1 evaluation method, and the evaluation result shows that the train cab layout design method is superior to the cab design of the traditional vehicle type, and has important guiding significance for the arrangement of the train cab.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional model of a cab;
FIG. 2 three percentile mannequins;
FIG. 3 mannequin poses and arrangements;
FIG. 4a P5 low signal field of view;
FIG. 4b P5 high signal field of view;
FIG. 4c P50 low signal field of view;
FIG. 4d P50 high signal field of view;
FIG. 4e P95 low signal field of view;
FIG. 4f P95 high signal field of view;
FIG. 5 is an optimized cab spatial arrangement;
6 a-6 d human body model extensiveness analysis;
FIG. 7a high signal field of view;
FIG. 7b low signal field of view;
FIG. 8 views the gauge field of view looking forward;
9 a-9 b instrument field of view with head turned left or right;
FIG. 10 visitor location simulation analysis;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The train cab is the core of the whole train marshalling, plays an important role in the safe operation of the train, and is high in working strength and long in continuous working time of a train driver, so that driving fatigue is easy to generate particularly. Therefore, the method has important practical significance for checking and optimizing the ergonomics of the cab of the train at the beginning of design, improving the comfort and the operation safety of the cab and avoiding expensive modification in the later period. By applying the RAMIS software and combining the standards of UIC 651 standard and the like, simulation analysis is performed on the extensibility, the front visual field, the spatial property, the instrument panel visual field and the sitting posture comfort of a driver in a Xingxi train cab aiming at a specific driver group, and the evaluation of subjective factors is objectively quantified by adopting a fuzzy evaluation method, so that basis and instructive opinions are provided for the early design of a train, and the driving comfort and the safety of the train are improved. The man-machine analysis method also provides reference for the development of other follow-up vehicle types. The train is checked and designed by using the human-machine engineering method, and the development of the rail train industry in China is certainly and powerfully promoted.
Cab model building
The invention carries out human-machine engineering analysis on a cab of a certain model of Fuxing number, firstly carries out three-dimensional modeling by utilizing three-dimensional modeling software Rhino, and the main part of the modeling is as follows: the train shell, the cab interior, the cab and the accessory parts thereof, and the seat are assembled to form a driving model, which is shown in fig. 1.
Human body model building
The human body size of the driver selected for the design of the cab meets the relevant specification of the human body size of the adult in China, and according to the actual situation of China railway, only the adult male driver is considered, and meanwhile, the operation requirements of the person with short stature and tall stature are met as far as possible, so that the human body size of the adult male from the 5 th percentile to the 95 th percentile is selected for the ergonomic analysis of the cab.
The human body standard adopted by various industries in China at present is the standard of Chinese adult human body size (GB10000-1988), but the height of Chinese people has been obviously increased in the last thirty years, and the standard is unreasonable to be continuously adopted. Through sampling survey of the body size of a train driver, the comparison with the European standard UIC 651 standard shows that the height of people in each percentage of the European standard is close to that of the current Chinese, and the international development of the rail train in China is considered, so that the international rail union with a larger range is adopted to suggest body size data. Taking the P5 manikin as 1600mm, the P50 manikin as 1742mm, and the P95 manikin as 1900mm, the manikins built in the RAMSIS are shown in FIG. 2, and are P5, P50, and P95 from left to right.
Human body posture calculation and constraint
The human body is restrained on the seat in a comfortable sitting posture. Given ambient data and constraints, the RAMSIS software can automatically calculate the most likely driving posture of the driver. The posture and arrangement of the human body after the restraint is performed are shown in fig. 3.
The constraints to be imposed are mainly the following: a. h point of the human body and design H point of the seat; b. the left heel point and the pedal plane; c, a left pedal point and a pedal plane; d. a right foot pedal and a pedal plane; e. a right foot pedal and a pedal plane; f. the right hand and the demodulator, the left hand is placed on the plane of the driving platform.
Spatial arrangement dimension chain determination
In the initial design stage, the spatial arrangement of a train cab is initially designed according to UIC 651 standard and previous design experience, under the condition that the height of an operating console is determined, the relative position relation between a seat and the operating console is a closed loop of a size chain, the seat of the cab is an adjustable seat, the up-down adjustable range is 80mm, and the front-back adjustable range is 200 mm. The limit design method is adopted in the initial design, and the P5 manikin is arranged at the lower end of the foremost end of the movable range of the seat, the P50 manikin is arranged at the middle position of the movable range of the seat, and the P95 manikin is arranged at the uppermost end of the rearmost movable range of the seat.
Firstly, the initial design model is subjected to the analysis of the front signal lamp field of view, which is most important in the man-machine analysis of the cab, and the analysis result is as shown in FIG. 4, wherein the field of view of the signal lamp at the lower front of the P5 driver is seriously blocked.
The front signal lamp of the P5 driver has poor vision, and the front low signal lamp is difficult to see during normal driving, thus seriously affecting the driving safety, and if the improvement and optimization are not carried out, serious accidents can possibly occur. The reasons for this are mainly that the contour flow lines of different models of vehicle bodies are different, the sizes of the front windows are different, the horizontal distances from eyepoints of drivers of different models to the front window glass are different, and the height of the floor of the cab is different. Man-machine optimization needs to be carried out aiming at specific vehicle models, and a closed loop size chain is adjusted, so that the spatial arrangement of a cab meets the driving requirements of a driver.
The vertical distance between the plane of the seat and the floor of the cab is adjusted by taking the normal sitting posture of a human body as a reference P50.
D＝fa-h+m (1)
In the formula: d is the adjusted distance, faP50 vertical distance between thigh and ground when human body is in normal sitting position, h is thigh thickness, and m is size correction such as clothes thickness and shoes thickness.
The horizontal distance from the seat to the control console is adjusted according to the length of the arms of the human body P50, so that the reach of a driver is guaranteed; the position of the console is adjusted according to the experience of the project to ensure the distance from the eyepoint of the driver to the windshield, and the resulting spatial arrangement is shown in fig. 5.
In the process of performing the ergonomic analysis, the human body model is constrained according to the actual situation, and the analysis result after the section is based on the optimized analysis result.
Driver reach analysis
When drivers of various statures drive normally, the hands can touch all the buttons on the table board, the frequently-used and emergency-used control components are arranged at the positions which are most easily touched by human bodies, and the control components are reflected on simulation software, namely after the human body model is well constrained, the envelope surface of the hands can cover the table board.
After the manikin is constrained, the obtained envelope of the extension of the driver's hand is shown in fig. 6, red is the extension range of the hand of the P95 manikin, green is the extension range of the hand of the P50 manikin, and yellow is the extension range of the hand of the P5 manikin. When the driver operates the controller with the right hand, the key button with a longer distance can be pressed by the left hand under the condition that the body slightly leans forward. The result shows that the relative position of the table top and the seat meets the requirement of the driver on reach, drivers of different body types can easily touch the buttons on the control panel in normal driving postures, and key buttons with longer distance can be operated under the condition that the body does not move greatly.
Forward visual field analysis
The front visibility of the cab was analyzed according to the regulations of "UIC 651 standard". The UIC 651 standard specifies that the driver's field of view needs to meet both the high and low signal visibility requirements. The requirement for high signal visibility is stipulated, and all drivers can accurately read signals which are 10m from the front end of the buffer in the longitudinal direction, 2.5m from the center line of the track in the transverse direction and 6.3m higher than the track surface in the vertical direction; the low signal visibility requirement dictates that all drivers can read a signal that is 15m longitudinally from the front of the buffer, 1.75m laterally from the center of the rail, and vertically level with the rail face [10 ].
After the driver is restrained, the forward visibility of the driver is analyzed, and the simulation result will be described by taking a P50 human body model as an example. As shown in fig. 7, the left view is a low traffic light view, the right view is a high traffic light view, and the front high and low traffic lights have good views. It can thus be concluded that: the driver can clearly see the high and low signal lamps during normal driving.
Instrument panel visual field
The instrument panel is mainly a carrier for providing information display device arrangement, and a driver knows the running condition of the train by reading information and various parameters on the instrument panel and performs different operations according to different working conditions, so that the instrument panel has a vital significance on the safe running of the train if the driver can smoothly read the information. First, the individual display devices of the instrument panel should be arranged in such a way that they can be comfortably observed by the driver and are easy to observe by the driver with reasonable habits. Secondly, the main information display device should be arranged in the natural observation range of the driver as much as possible, and the secondary instrument should be arranged in the range which can be easily observed by the driver without moving the body and only slightly rotating the head as much as possible; third, the arrangement of the meters is to conform to the read logical order. The description will be given by taking a driver of medium stature (P50) as an example.
The yellow area in fig. 8 is the driver's view area, and it can be seen that, during normal driving, the driver can directly observe the display screen in the middle by viewing the front, and the display screens at the two side edge positions cannot be directly observed by the driver, at this time, the driving posture is kept unchanged, the driver's head is turned to the left and right by an angle α, and the driver's view area is as shown in fig. 9.
Through analysis, a driver can see all instrument displays on the table board only by slightly rotating the head, so that the instrument arrangement of the cab is reasonable, and the driver can obtain a good instrument visual field.
Spatiality
The cab should provide a wide working space for the driver to get in and out and perform various operations. In this context, spatiality is largely divided into two aspects. One is the distance from the legs of the driver to the lower edge of the driver's cab, and the UIC 651 standard specifies that the form and size of the driver's cab should allow easy access to the seat and ensure that there is sufficient knee free space for the driver. When a driver drives normally, the legs of the driver and the lower surface of the driving platform should not interfere with each other and can keep a certain distance, and the result is shown in table 1; the other is the vertical distance of the visiting position. The vertical distance of the visiting position should meet the standing requirement of people of medium stature. The simulation analysis of the visit location is shown in fig. 10.
TABLE 1 driver leg space simulation analysis results
The manikin of P50 was selected and constrained to the position of visit, keeping the body upright normally, and the vertical distance between the top of the measuring head and the inside of the cab was 80.8mm from the analysis results.
Through the analysis, the arrangement of the cab can provide a driver with wider activity space, the vertical distance of the visiting position is about 1823mm, the normal standing requirement of persons of medium and lower statures can be completely met, persons of P95 statures cannot stand well, but the persons do not stop at the position simply, and the operation safety of the train is not influenced.
Comfort feature
When a driver drives normally, the body of the driver should be kept in a comfortable state, so that fatigue is avoided, and the running safety of a train is improved. In ramis, the comfort evaluation index includes three parts: general discomfort, discomfort at various parts of the body, and spinal health index.
Overall discomfort includes both fatigue and total discomfort, with a score from 0 to 8, with lower values being better.
Discomfort in various parts of the body includes uncomfortable sensation values for the neck, shoulders, back, buttocks, legs, and arms, and is rated from 0 to 8. Generally, a score value of less than 2.5 is considered to be a very desirable result, between 2.5 and 5.5 is considered acceptable but needs improvement, and above 5.5 is not acceptable.
The spinal health index is also from 0 to 8, and values between 4 and 5 are generally considered acceptable [7 ].
The three human body models of P5, P50 and P95 were constrained, and sitting posture driving comfort analysis was performed, and the obtained comfort scores of each part of the body are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 driver sitting comfort
As can be seen from the comfort indexes of the body of the three different percentile drivers during normal driving, the neck, the shoulders, the back, the buttocks, the legs and the arms of the three different percentile drivers are all in an ideal state, the spine health index is in an acceptable range, and the overall uncomfortable performance is better; for stature reasons, the figure of the P5 percentile is slightly higher than that of the P50 and P95 percentiles. The driver cab has the advantages that the position relation between the driver cab and the seat is reasonable, and the driver can obtain better driving comfort.
Objective evaluation method
The fuzzy evaluation principle is applied, a fuzzy evaluation method is adopted, all factors influencing the cab ergonomics are unified, a fuzzy evaluation model is built, and the design condition of the cab is analyzed. The G1 method proposed by professor guo army for establishing an evaluation model using weights is used herein.
The process of applying the G1 method for weighting is as follows:
(1) selecting a driver comfort evaluation index;
(2) sorting according to the importance degree of the selected indexes, wherein the process is as follows: selecting the most important index from the m indexes; then the remaining m-1 are selected to be the most important one, and so on, until the last index is selected, the sorting is completed.
(3) Assigning the indexes after the sorting, assigning the ratio (K-1/K) of K-1 indexes and K indexes which have finished the sorting, and recording as wk-1/wk＝rkK is 2,3, … …, m-1, m, wherein rkThe assignment of (c) is shown with reference to table 3.
TABLE 3 expert recommendation rkValue assigning table
(4) Calculation of weight coefficients
Wherein, wk-1＝rkwk(k＝m,m-1，......3,2)。
(5) And performing fuzzy evaluation of man-machine analysis through the obtained weight.
In the present application, the evaluation of comfort is taken as an example to perform the evaluation of blur. Comparisons were made for P50 mannequin comfort before and after optimization. The selection and sorting (the importance degree does not increase from top to bottom) of each index before and after optimization are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 comfort control before and after optimization of driver body parts
The evaluation matrix obtained from the analysis results was:
the weights of the terms, Wp, determined by the G1 law are (0.114, 0.114, 0.137, 0.137, 0.137, 0.164, 0.197).
The evaluation results of the sitting driving comfort were:
BP＝(RP)-1·WP＝(2.06，1.95) (4)
as can be seen from the fuzzy evaluation of sitting comfort, the optimized sitting comfort was scored as 1.95, which is better than the sitting comfort before optimization (2.06).
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A renaming motor train unit cab analysis method based on human-machine engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. utilizing three-dimensional modeling software Rhino to carry out three-dimensional modeling on a train shell, the interior of a cab, a driving platform and accessory parts thereof and a seat, and establishing a cab model;
B. taking a P5 human model as 1600mm, a P50 human model as 1742mm and a P95 human model as 1900mm, and establishing the human model in the RAMIS to establish the human model;
C. human body posture calculation and constraint: restraining a human body on a seat in a comfortable sitting posture, and calculating the most possible driving posture of a driver by giving surrounding environment data and constraint conditions;
D. spatial arrangement dimension chain determination:
d1 designing the space layout of the train cab in the initial stage, wherein the relative position relationship between the seat and the console is a closed loop of a size chain under the condition that the height of the console is determined, the cab seat is an adjustable seat, the up-down adjustable range is 80mm, and the front-back adjustable range is 200 mm;
d2, adopting a limit design method, and designing a P5 manikin at the lower end of the foremost end of the movable range of the seat, a P50 manikin at the middle position of the movable range of the seat and a P95 manikin at the rearmost and upmost end of the movable range of the seat;
d3, performing front signal lamp visual field analysis to determine whether a high-low signal lamp can be seen;
d4, when the low department signal lamp field of vision in driver place ahead is seriously sheltered from, carry out man-machine optimization, adjust closed loop size chain for the spatial arrangement of driver's cabin satisfies driver's driving demand, specifically is: adjusting the vertical distance between the plane of the seat and the floor of a cab, and adjusting by taking the normal sitting posture of a human body P50 as a reference;
D＝fa-h+m (1)
in the formula: d is the adjusted distance, faThe vertical distance between the thigh and the ground when the human body is in a normal sitting posture is P50, h is the thickness of the thigh, and m is the size correction;
d5, adjusting the horizontal distance between the seat and the control console according to the length of the arm of the human body P50, and ensuring the reach of the driver; the position of the control console is adjusted according to project experience, and the distance from the eye point of a driver to the windshield glass is ensured;
E. driver reach analysis: analyzing whether the hand stretching envelope surface of the driver covers the working table or not;
F. forward visual field analysis: after the driver restrains, the front visual field of the driver is analyzed, and whether the driver can clearly see the signal lamps at the high and low positions during normal driving is judged;
G. instrument panel visual field analysis: keeping the driving posture of the driver unchanged, turning the head of the driver to the left and the right by an angle alpha respectively, and determining whether all instrument displays on the table top can be seen;
H. spatial analysis: selecting a P50 human body model, constraining the human body model to a visiting position, keeping the body upright normally, and determining whether the vertical distance between the top of the measuring head and the inside of the cab meets the standing requirement of people of medium stature;
I. comfort analysis: the method comprises the following steps of establishing a comfort evaluation index in the RAMIS, wherein the comfort evaluation index comprises three parts: respectively restraining three human body models P5, P50 and P95 well according to the total discomfort, the discomfort of each part of the body and the spine health index, and carrying out sitting posture driving comfort analysis to obtain the comfort score of each part of the body;
J. the evaluation was made based on the driver comfort of the G1 method.
2. The ergonomics-based compound-number motor train unit cab analysis method of claim 1, wherein: step C, the constraint comprises: c1. h point of the human body and design H point of the seat; c2. the left heel point and the pedal plane; c3. a left foot pedal and a pedal plane; c4. a right foot pedal and a pedal plane; c5. a right foot pedal and a pedal plane; c6. the right hand and the demodulator, the left hand is placed on the plane of the driving platform.
3. The ergonomics-based compound-number motor train unit cab analysis method of claim 1, wherein: and D4, the size correction is the thickness of clothes and the thickness of shoes.
4. The ergonomics-based compound-number motor train unit cab analysis method of claim 1, wherein: step I, the total discomfort comprises two parts of fatigue value and total uncomfortable feeling value, the score is from 0 to 8, and the lower the value is, the better the value is; discomfort of various parts of the body comprises discomfort feeling values of neck, shoulders, back, buttocks, legs and arms, the value of the score is from 0 to 8, the ideal result is that the value of the score is less than 2.5, the value of the score is considered acceptable and needs to be improved between 2.5 and 5.5, and the value of the score is unacceptable when the value of the score is higher than 5.5; the spinal health index is also from 0 to 8, with values between 4 and 5 being acceptable.
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| CN112900539A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Loader cab layout method based on human-machine engineering and cab |
| CN113076603A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-06 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Driver part envelope generation method, device and equipment |
| CN113610364A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-05 | 一汽奔腾轿车有限公司 | Automobile human-machine engineering evaluation method and system based on virtual reality |
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