CN110671261B - 通用转子 - Google Patents

通用转子 Download PDF

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CN110671261B
CN110671261B CN201910991320.0A CN201910991320A CN110671261B CN 110671261 B CN110671261 B CN 110671261B CN 201910991320 A CN201910991320 A CN 201910991320A CN 110671261 B CN110671261 B CN 110671261B
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rotor
blade
rotation
curved
axis
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CN110671261A (zh
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常德永
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Chang Deyong
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Suzhou Tuoyu Polymer Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
    • B64C11/005—Spiral-shaped propellers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/281—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/30—Vanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种机械工程领域的通用转子，该转子可以用于生产风力发动机、水力涡轮机、螺旋桨、风扇和飞机的转子。本发明的通用转子包含至少两个弧形叶片，其围绕该转子的旋转轴线定位。弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面基本上平行于转子的旋转轴线。弧形叶片的凹曲面从转子的靠近其旋转轴线的顶部开始、朝向该叶片的基部侧逐渐轻微倾斜，并朝向相邻弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面倾斜，以使两者以一定角度连接。每个叶片的上边缘连接带状元件，该带状元件与弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面类似地布置，该元件的高度从转子的顶部区域到基部逐渐增加。

Description

通用转子
技术领域
本发明涉及机械工程领域，特别涉及一种用于风力发动机、水力涡轮机、螺旋桨、风扇和飞机的转子。
背景技术
现有的已知转子一般为：包括至少两片弧形(弓形)叶片，该叶片围绕转盘上的转子的旋转轴线定位，连接到位于转子的旋转轴线附近的传动轴。每个叶片形状为带状并且由其弯曲的侧表面形成，叶片的两个弯曲侧表面(外侧的凸曲面和内侧的凹曲面)均基本上平行于转子的旋转轴线；弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面从转子的旋转轴线穿过的顶部朝向该叶片的基部边缘轻微倾斜，并且朝向以一定角度连接的相邻弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面倾斜。
在已知的转子中，叶片的至少两个弧形部分是围绕转子的旋转轴线布置的片状元件形式。叶片弯曲侧表面产生的面基本上平行于转子的旋转轴线。这样的转子的缺点在于能量流利用的不充分：沿着转子的旋转轴线引导的能量流在旋转盘前被反射，并且在叶片的弯曲表面主要起到湍流能量流动，这降低了将能量流转换成转子旋转运动的效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了改进上述已知转子，其中通过改变主要直接作用在叶片的弯曲表面上的能量流的设计，来提高能量流向转子旋转运动转化的能量转化效率。而本发明的方案着重在于通过改变设计增加了从弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面反射的能量流的利用度，来改进已知转子，以便提高能量流的能量向转子的旋转运动转化的效率。
具体地，本发明的这一技术问题是通过以下方案得以解决的：
一种通用转子，包括围绕所述转子的旋转轴线延伸的至少两个弧形叶片，所述弧形叶片是由基本平行于所述转子的旋转轴线的弯曲侧表面(外侧的凸曲面和内侧的凹曲面)形成，所述弧形叶片的所述弯曲侧表面从靠近所述转子的所述旋转轴线的顶部、向该叶片的基部边缘轻微(略微)倾斜，并且朝向相邻的弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面倾斜，以使两个叶片以一定角度连接，其中，每个叶片的(远离旋转轴线一侧的)上边缘设置有带状元件(与凹曲面呈角度设置，优选为垂直设置)，所述带状元件与所述弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面类似地布置(基本平行于旋转轴线；从靠近转子的顶部、向该叶片的基部边缘轻微倾斜)，带状元件的高度(宽度)从所述转子的所述顶部到其基部逐渐增加，该高度在所述转子的基部的最大值为所述弧形叶片的凹曲面的宽度的1/5至1/3。
本发明的通用转子的上述主要特征的组合提供了能量流的利用率的提高，由于其引入的带状元件的额外反射，该能量流可由弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面(凹曲面)反射。这一设计具有在不改变转子的旋转平面并使其重量最小化的前提下、将能量流更高地、额外地转化为转子的旋转的积极效果。同时，这一设计的另一个积极效果是，在不改变转子的整体尺寸的情况下，它产生更大的接触面积用于非均匀能量流的某些间接流，这有助于改善和提高能量流向转子的旋转运动中的能量转换。
附图说明
图1是本发明的通用转子的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例仅用于阐述本发明，而本发明的保护范围并非仅仅局限于以下实施例。所述技术领域的普通技术人员依据本发明的公开内容，均可实现本发明的目的。
提供一种通用转子，由三个弧形叶片(a、b、c)组成，每个叶片具有弯曲的侧表面：凸曲面1和凹曲面2，这些叶片围绕转子的旋转轴线3定位。在每个叶片的上边缘处是带状元件4，其高度从转子顶部到其基部逐渐增加。在转子基部位置处的带状构件4的高度的最大值是凹曲面2的宽度5的五分之一到三分之一。箭头6表示能量流的运动方向，点7是其条件射流从凹曲面2反射的位置。用于转子旋转的元件不包括在本发明的目的和方案中，因此并未在图中示出，旋转元件可以制成轴，轮毂或螺纹孔。
以下为本发明的通用转子的工作原理。
当在风车中使用本发明的通用转子时，转子水平地朝向由箭头6表示的风流来放置。风流在两个弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面上以一定角度“着陆”，并且使得转子围绕轴线3旋转。风流对弯曲侧表面1的作用受到不显着的功率耗散流的限制。射流6从表面2反射(例如在点7处)。在转子接近于开始旋转速度下，射流6进一步移动到带状元件4的内表面，然后超过转子基部(底部)的平面。当转子转速接近最佳转速时，射流6进一步移动超过转子基部平面。当转子的转速超过最佳值时(阵风减弱时仍会通过短暂的惯性作用发生)，射流6进一步移动到弯曲的侧面1，之后它超出基部的平面，由此转子的转速降低到最佳值。在实际操作条件下，在最佳转子转速下，在第一次反射之后，一部分射流也移动到带状元件4的内表面并且提供一些能量来旋转转子。带状元件4的高度的最大值，约为宽度5的三分之一，这一优选值用于低风速地区；而在大部分时段为强风的地区，则优选使用较低的高度。具有横向流的非均匀能量流需要较大的接触面积，以便提高转子转速。
与上述类似，本发明的上述通用转子还可以用作水力涡轮机、螺旋桨、风扇或飞机的一部分。
对本发明的通用转子进行实验测试，测试表明，其能够在0.3m/s的风速下启动并旋转，并由此能够应用于现有的工业风电场。然而，基于风流量，本发明所提供的通用转子集合于现有上述产品中使用可以将风能的转化率提高20％或更多。
以上所述，仅为本发明中的具体实施例而已，并非对本发明的专利范围进行任何形式的限制。需要说明的是，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例进行的任何形式的修改、变化、改进或简单替换，均仍属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种用于风力致动的转子，所述转子包括围绕所述转子的旋转轴线延伸的至少两个弧形叶片，所述弧形叶片是由弯曲侧表面形成，所述弯曲侧表面基本平行于所述旋转轴线，所述弧形叶片的凹曲面从所述转子的靠近所述旋转轴线的顶部向该叶片的基部边缘轻微倾斜，并且朝向相邻的弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面倾斜，以使两个弧形叶片以一定角度连接，其特征在于，每个叶片的上边缘连接有带状元件，所述带状元件与所述弧形叶片的弯曲侧表面类似地布置，其高度从所述转子的所述顶部区域到所述基部逐渐增加，该高度在所述转子的基部的最大值为所述弧形叶片的凹曲面的宽度的1/5至1/3。
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN205677762U (zh) * 2016-06-01 2016-11-09 浙江长兴圣风环保科技有限公司 一种垂直轴风力发电机的风车

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1249406A (zh) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-05 协同工业私人有限公司 风扇轮
ES2283746T3 (es) * 2002-02-28 2007-11-01 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Ventilador.
CN206723140U (zh) * 2017-03-23 2017-12-08 孙朝新 轴流泵前置导轮结构

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN205677762U (zh) * 2016-06-01 2016-11-09 浙江长兴圣风环保科技有限公司 一种垂直轴风力发电机的风车

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