CN110666595B - Precision machining method for inner hole of thin-wall part - Google Patents
Precision machining method for inner hole of thin-wall part Download PDFInfo
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- CN110666595B CN110666595B CN201910800446.5A CN201910800446A CN110666595B CN 110666595 B CN110666595 B CN 110666595B CN 201910800446 A CN201910800446 A CN 201910800446A CN 110666595 B CN110666595 B CN 110666595B
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- inner hole
- thin
- grinding
- wall part
- precision machining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
- B24B5/48—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding walls of very fine holes, e.g. in drawing-dies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a precision machining method for an inner hole of a thin-wall part, and belongs to the technical field of high-precision machining of thin-wall parts. According to the invention, the part positioning end face is finely ground, the part clamping correction is indirectly realized by virtue of the small switching sucker, and the precision machining of the inner hole of the thin-wall part is completed by reasonably selecting and matching machining parameters such as the feeding amount, the tool grinding times, the grinding allowance, the feed route and the like. According to the method, the deformation nature of the thin-wall part is deeply theoretically analyzed, and a unique positioning surface grinding method, a clamping mode and a cutting model are designed based on various deformation factors, so that the deformation generated in the process of machining the inner hole of the thin-wall part is greatly reduced, the cylindricity of the inner hole of the part can be controlled within 0.005mm, and the problem of high-precision machining of the thin-wall part is effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a precision machining method for an inner hole of a thin-wall part, and belongs to the technical field of high-precision machining of thin-wall parts.
Background
At present, the precision machining of the inner hole of the thin-wall part is generally to press the part by hand to push and grind a positioning end face, then directly adsorb the positioning face of the part by using a precision numerical control grinder, knock the part to align the center of the inner hole, then grind the inner hole of the part by using general cutting parameters and a conventional radial feed route, and commonly obtain the grinding allowance of more than 0.05mm in the whole cutting process. Firstly, because the part belongs to the thin wall spare, directly press the part with the hand and can lead to the part terminal surface to produce little the deformation, the terminal surface grinds the back, loosens the part, and part location terminal surface is little to be out of shape and kick-backs, and the part plane degree is general not high to lead to the part to adsorb back location terminal surface deformation, when taking off the part after the grinding, location terminal surface deformation kick-backs, thereby leads to the hole precision to descend. Secondly, directly strike part correction part hole, can make the part produce the slip deformation, when the grinding was accomplished and is taken off the part, this deformation resilience, part hole precision descends. In addition, the radial feed path of the grinding wheel can enable the grinding wheel to directly generate a radial extrusion force on the hole wall in the feeding process, unreasonable processing parameters directly increase the cutting resistance in the cutting process of the grinding wheel, and the radial stress of parts is overlarge to generate cutting deformation. Finally, the more the inner hole removal allowance is, the more serious the inner hole internal stress balance is broken, the larger the part stress deformation is, and the higher the removal allowance above 0.05mm is. In conclusion, the superposition of all the factors finally results in that the machining precision of the inner hole of the thin-wall part is always low and the machining stability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for precisely machining an inner hole of a thin-wall part, which solves the problems of large machining deformation, unstable machining quality and low precision of the inner hole of the prior thin-wall part by a special set of fine grinding method, clamping method, axial insertion type feed line, machining parameter optimization and other measures.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the method for precisely machining the inner hole of the magnetic thin-wall part comprises the following steps:
1) finely grinding the positioning end face of the part 3:
firstly, pressing a part 3 on a grinding platform by hands to push and grind an end face until the end face is completely ground;
secondly, covering the part 3 with a sleeve 5 with the outer diameter larger than that of the part 3 to drive the part 3 to finish the positioning end face (not allowing to apply axial pressure);
2) placing the part 3 on the small switching sucker 2 in a free state, and opening the small switching sucker 2 to tightly suck the part 3 by magnetic force;
3) adsorbing the switching small sucker 2 on the large magnetic sucker 1 of the numerically-controlled grinding machine, and correcting the center of an inner hole of a part 3 on the center of the main shaft by knocking the switching small sucker 2;
4) grinding is carried out according to the following processing parameters:
cutting depth of the grinding wheel 4 is less than or equal to 0.002 mm;
feed path of the grinding wheel 4: axially inserted (part 3 outer feed);
thirdly, the inner hole removing allowance of the part 3 is less than or equal to 0.02 mm;
5) after the grinding is finished, the magnetic force of the small sucker 2 is closed, and the part 3 is gently taken down.
The flatness of the positioning surface of the thin-wall part is greater than 0.003 mm.
The linear speed of the grinding wheel is not less than 20m/s when the thin-wall part is processed.
The runout of the center of the inner hole of the part 3 is not more than 0.003 mm.
The feed speed of the grinding wheel 4 is not more than 150 m/s.
The linear speed of the part 3 is not less than 0.5 m/s.
And the grinding frequency of the grinding wheel 4 is more than 1 when the allowance of 0.01 of the inner hole of the part 3 is removed.
The cylindricity of the inner hole of the part 3 is less than 0.01 before machining.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the precision machining method for the inner hole of the thin-wall part starts from three aspects of clamping deformation, cutting deformation and internal stress deformation generated in the machining process of the thin-wall part, and performs full-flow fine control on the whole machining process of the part from macroscopic and microscopic angles, so that the machining deformation of the inner hole of the thin-wall part is reduced powerfully, the cylindricity of the inner hole of the part is generally below 0.005mm, the machining is stable, and the problem of high-precision machining of the thin-wall part is solved effectively.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the clamping process of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the positioning end face of the lapping part of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the grinding wheel feed of the present invention wherein: 1-numerically controlled grinder magnetic large sucker, 2-switching small sucker, 3-part, 4-grinding wheel, 5-sleeve and 6-grinding wheel feed path
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the processing of example 1 of the present invention
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the method for precisely machining the inner hole of the magnetic thin-wall part comprises the following steps:
1) finely grinding the positioning end face of the part 3:
firstly, pressing a part 3 on a grinding platform by hands to push and grind an end face until the end face is completely ground;
secondly, covering the part 3 with a sleeve 5 with the outer diameter larger than that of the part 3 to drive the part 3 to finish the positioning end face (not allowing to apply axial pressure), and ensuring that the planeness of the positioning face of the part is not more than 0.003 mm;
2) placing the part 3 on the small switching sucker 2 in a free state, and opening the small switching sucker 2 to tightly suck the part 3 by magnetic force;
3) adsorbing the small switching sucker 2 on the large magnetic sucker 1 of the numerically-controlled grinding machine, and correcting the center offset of the inner hole of the part 3 by knocking the small switching sucker 2 to be not more than 0.003 mm;
4) grinding is carried out according to the following processing parameters:
cutting depth of the grinding wheel 4 is less than or equal to 0.002 mm;
feed path of the grinding wheel 4: axial male 3 outboard feed);
thirdly, the inner hole removing allowance of the part 3 is less than or equal to 0.02 mm;
fourthly, the feed speed of the grinding wheel 4 is not more than 150 m/s;
the linear speed of the outer edge of the grinding wheel 4 is not less than 20 m/s;
sixthly, the linear velocity of an inner hole of the part 3 is not less than 0.5 m/s;
seventhly, the grinding frequency of the grinding wheel 4 is more than 1 when 0.01 allowance is removed from the inner hole of the part 3;
5) after the grinding is finished, the magnetic force of the switching small sucker 2 is closed, and the part 3 is gently taken down.
The cylindricity of the inner hole of the part 3 is less than 0.01mm before processing.
Examples
The relevant dimension requirements of a magnetic thin-wall part are shown in the right figure 4. The diameter of an inner hole of the part is as high as phi 91.4mm, the wall thickness is only 2.75mm, the profile ratio reaches 35.2 (the ratio of the outer diameter to the wall thickness), the cylindricity of the inner hole of the part is not more than 0.005mm, the part belongs to typical thin-wall part high-precision machining, and the conventional machining means is difficult to guarantee.
We next performed a trial process according to the patent method as follows:
1) selecting parts with the inner hole cylindricity not greater than 0.01mm after rough machining;
2) fine grinding part diagram left side positioning end face:
firstly, pressing a part on a grinding platform by hand to push and grind the left end face of a diagram until the end faces are completely ground;
secondly, covering the part with a sleeve with an inner hole diameter larger than phi 100mm to laterally drive the part to finish the positioning end face (not allowing to apply axial pressure), and ensuring the flatness of the positioning face of the part to be 0.002 mm;
3) placing the part on the small switching sucker in a free state, and opening the small switching sucker to tightly suck the part by magnetic force;
4) adsorbing the small switching sucker on a large magnetic sucker of the numerical control grinding machine, and correcting the offset of the center of the inner hole of the part to be 0.002mm by knocking the small switching sucker;
5) grinding is carried out according to the following three groups of processing parameters respectively:
6) after the grinding is finished, the magnetic force of the small switching sucker is closed, and the part is gently taken down.
Through measurement, the aperture size and the cylindricity of the inner hole of the processed three groups of parts are respectively obtained as shown in the following table:
therefore, the method of the present invention is feasible.
Claims (4)
1. A precision machining method for an inner hole of a thin-wall part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) positioning end face of the fine grinding part (3):
firstly, pressing a part (3) by hand to push and grind an end face until the end face is completely ground;
secondly, covering the part (3) with a sleeve larger than the outer diameter of the part (3) to laterally drive the part (3) to finish the positioning end face and not allow axial pressure to be applied;
2) placing the part (3) on the switching small sucker (2) in a free state, and opening the small sucker (2) to tightly suck the part (3) by magnetic force;
3) adsorbing the small sucker (2) on the large sucker (1) of the numerical control grinding machine, and correcting the inner hole of the part (3) by knocking the small sucker (2) to ensure that the center jump of the inner hole of the part (3) is not more than 0.003 mm;
4) grinding is carried out according to the following processing parameters:
cutting depth of the grinding wheel (4) is less than or equal to 0.002 mm;
feed route of the grinding wheel (4): axially inserted, the outside of the part (3) is fed;
thirdly, the allowance of the inner hole of the part (3) is less than or equal to 0.02 mm;
fourthly, the feed speed of the grinding wheel (4) is not more than 150 m/s;
fifthly, the linear speed of the outer edge of the grinding wheel (4) is not less than 20 m/s;
sixthly, the linear velocity of an inner hole of the part (3) is not less than 0.5 m/s;
seventhly, grinding times of the grinding wheel 4 are more than 1 when 0.01 allowance is removed from the inner hole of the part (3);
5) after grinding is finished, the magnetic force of the small sucker (2) is closed, and the part (3) is gently taken down.
2. The precision machining method for the inner hole of the thin-wall part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flatness of the positioning surface of the thin-wall part is greater than 0.003 mm.
3. The precision machining method for the inner hole of the thin-wall part as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the runout of the center of the inner hole of the part (3) is not more than 0.003 mm.
4. A method for the precision machining of the inner hole of a thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindricity of the inner hole before the part (3) is machined is less than 0.01.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910800446.5A CN110666595B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Precision machining method for inner hole of thin-wall part |
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| CN201910800446.5A CN110666595B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Precision machining method for inner hole of thin-wall part |
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| CN110666595B true CN110666595B (en) | 2021-08-17 |
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Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE4101671A1 (en) * | 1991-01-22 | 1992-07-23 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Production of control slots in slide valve core piece - uses profiled grinding wheel to grind slot from solid in one operation |
| CN101186021A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-05-28 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Non warping surface grinding method for angular-contact roller bearing ferrule |
| CN201455752U (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2010-05-12 | 河南工业大学 | Jig for processing thin-wall sleeve type parts |
| CN103144008B (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-08-05 | 南车二七车辆有限公司 | A kind of slide valve seat groove inner plane hand lapping device and Ginding process thereof |
| CN105290897A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2016-02-03 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Grinding device and grinding method for inner bores of thin-wall parts |
| CN205415297U (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-08-03 | 广东工业大学 | Rapid clamping device of U -shaped thin wall rotating member |
| CN105750563A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-07-13 | 上海交通大学 | Method for enhancing hard turning circularity of thin-wall annular parts |
| CN106181588A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | A kind of turbogenerator casing heals up face grinding technics method |
| CN109277885A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-29 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of method for grinding of tungsten carbide coating thin-walled guide tube |
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