CN110664482A - Method for preparing head digital model and multi-stage guide plate based on three-dimensional reconstruction technology - Google Patents
Method for preparing head digital model and multi-stage guide plate based on three-dimensional reconstruction technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for preparing a digital head model and a multi-stage guide plate based on a three-dimensional reconstruction technology comprises the following steps: 1. processing head three-dimensional CT data before operation of a patient, establishing a digital three-dimensional data model, analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the surface part of the head of the patient, the three-dimensional structure of the skull and the volume of hematoma, and reducing the original state of a disease; 2. by analyzing the three-dimensional structure positioning of the head and face, designing a matching point and calculating the hematoma amount, a scheme of placing a drainage tube for intracranial puncture is formulated, and three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the three-dimensional structure of the head and face, the three-dimensional skull before operation, a matching guide plate for the intracranial puncture preoperative 1 level and a guide plate for the puncture drainage 2 level during operation; 3. manufacturing a matching grade-1 guide plate before intracranial puncture and a puncture drainage grade-2 guide plate model in the operation by using a 3D printer; 4. integrating and inspecting the guide plate and the model, redesigning if the guide plate and the model are unqualified, and putting the guide plate and the model into an operation after disinfection if the guide plate and the model are qualified; the invention can improve the precision of intracranial puncture, reduce surgical injury, shorten surgical time, improve the success rate of intracranial puncture and reduce failure rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing a head digital model and a multi-stage guide plate based on a three-dimensional reconstruction technology, and belongs to the technical field of CT three-dimensional reconstruction intracranial puncture drainage.
Background
The three-dimensional reconstruction refers to establishing a mathematical model suitable for computer representation and processing on a three-dimensional object, is the basis for processing, operating and analyzing the properties of the three-dimensional object in a computer environment, and is also a key technology for establishing virtual reality expressing an objective world in a computer;
the intracranial puncture drainage is a kind of operation that patients generate intracranial hemorrhage or intracranial hypertension and need to drain hematoma by intracranial puncture to a hematoma part or drain the hematoma by puncture to a ventricle and carry out intracranial decompression, which is called intracranial puncture drainage;
the 3D printing is usually implemented by using a digital technology material printer, and is often used for manufacturing models in the fields of mold manufacturing, industrial design, and the like, and then is gradually used for direct manufacturing of some products, and there are already parts printed by using this technology. The technology has applications in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction (AEC), automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms, and other fields.
In recent years, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are first in the mortality rate of urban resident diseases in China, cerebrovascular accidents are also in the trend of increasing year by year, and intracranial puncture drainage is still an important treatment mode in cerebral hemorrhage and intracranial decompression treatment;
however, for the patients with intracranial puncture in China at present, the body surface positioning method of the traditional method lacks clear and complete display of the focus position. The craniocerebral belongs to an extremely important organ of a human body, the intracranial puncture drainage belongs to invasive treatment on the craniocerebral, and once the craniocerebral nerve cells are damaged, the craniocerebral nerve cells are extremely difficult to repair or even cannot be repaired, so how to accurately implement the intracranial puncture drainage is very important for improving the treatment effect of a patient and reducing secondary injury brought by treatment. A number of difficulties and inconveniences are often encountered during surgery: for example, the optimal drainage layer of hematoma, the depth position and direction of the intracranial puncture drainage tube, etc. bring certain difficulty to the operation, and often lead to poor after-healing of the patient. Specific problems are as follows: the preoperative operation time is long, and the steps of drawing lines on the body surface, marking, finding puncture points, scanning again, adjusting the marked points, determining the final puncture position and the like are too complicated; the operation injury is large, and the craniocerebral injury and the like are needed to be punctured repeatedly, so that complications such as secondary craniocerebral injury and even major hemorrhage and the like are caused. Doctors often cannot formulate accurate and personalized surgical plans. The key to solve the problems is as follows: 1. objectively, comprehensively and correctly recognizing the real state of the disease; 2. an individualized and accurate operation scheme with definite curative effect, safety and reasonableness is made for operation patients (especially for operation patients with high difficulty); 3. smooth implementation of the scheme without discount is guaranteed, 4, the method can be realized only by repeated analysis and demonstration by a clinician with abundant experience, and the efficiency and the success rate are great; therefore, how to better serve intracranial puncture drainage surgery by using a 3D printing technology is particularly necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a head digital model and a multi-stage guide plate based on a three-dimensional reconstruction technology, which is used for solving the technical problem of accurate implementation of intracranial puncture drainage operations by many doctors at present, simplifying the operation process, improving the puncture accuracy, reducing the occurrence of craniocerebral complications and improving the treatment effect of patients.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the designed preparation method of the head digital model and the multi-stage guide plate based on the three-dimensional reconstruction technology comprises the following steps:
firstly, processing head three-dimensional CT data before a patient operation, establishing a digital three-dimensional data model, analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the surface part of the head of the patient, analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the skull and the volume of hematoma, and reducing the original state of a disease;
the specific operation of establishing a digital three-dimensional data model after processing the three-dimensional structure of the surface part of the head body and the three-dimensional CT data of the skull is as follows: image import → threshold segmentation (specific tissue extraction) → three-dimensional reconstruction model generation → computer aided design (measurement, design guide, design multi-level matching, etc.) → 3D printing;
the specific operation method comprises the following steps:
1) image importing:
and (3) utilizing three-dimensional reconstruction software such as mimics, E-3D and the like to support the thin-layer scanning image of the DICOM standard. After the patient passes the CT or MRI examination, the image of the format can be derived;
2) threshold value division:
the gray value of the CT scanning image reflects different attenuation coefficients of tissues to X rays; the threshold segmentation method is based on a calculation operation of a gray image, tissues in a set threshold range are reserved, and other tissues are removed;
3) and (3) generating a three-dimensional reconstruction model:
in MIMICS and E-3D software, an object is described by the volume data of three-dimensional primitives, after the volume data of a patient is obtained by CT (computed tomography) and other tomography devices, a three-dimensional mask of the object is obtained by threshold segmentation, and the process of calculating a three-dimensional model based on the three-dimensional mask is three-dimensional reconstruction;
4) computer aided design:
carrying out virtual operation design according to the actual situation of the three-dimensional model of the patient; designing a proper guide plate or implant and the like by auxiliary tools or software such as CAD, 3-matic, MAGICS and the like to participate in the surgical process and assist a doctor in performing the operation;
5)3D printing:
3D printing technology, also called incremental manufacturing, refers to a technology that is directly driven by a digital model and uses bondable materials such as metal, plastic, ceramic, resin, wax, paper, sand and the like to construct a physical entity in a rapid prototyping device in a layer-by-layer overlapping manner; placing the patient model which is reconstructed in three dimensions and the designed guide plate model into rapid forming equipment to finally obtain a 1:1 entity;
step two, a scheme of intracranial puncture drainage tube placement is formulated by analyzing the three-dimensional structure positioning of the head and face, designing a matching point and calculating hematoma amount, and three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the three-dimensional structure of the head and face, the three-dimensional skull before operation, a matching 1-level guide plate before the intracranial puncture operation and a matching puncture drainage 2-level guide plate during the operation;
wherein, CT data noise correction: because the original CT data cannot avoid the influence of noise, when the digital model after three-dimensional reconstruction is subjected to threshold segmentation, gaps caused by partial noise exist, and therefore the finally obtained three-dimensional model has a plurality of holes; repairing the model through three-dimensional software, and measuring the volume of the three-dimensional model by selecting a place to be measured after hole filling so as to obtain an accurate three-dimensional volume;
matching a 1-level guide plate before intracranial puncture:
selecting a head and face three-dimensional model through three-dimensional software such as 3-matic and the like, and generally selecting a marked range with prominent head and face characteristics and difficult deformation: nasion-tip of nose, superior orbital margin, cheekbones, auricle, etc.
Intraoperative assembly puncture drainage level 2 guide plate:
by using three-dimensional software such as 3-matic software and the like, on the basis of matching the grade-1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture, the area of the guide plate is reduced, and corresponding marks are made to be matched with the grade-1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture;
step three, manufacturing a matching level 1 guide plate before intracranial puncture operation and assembling a puncture drainage level 2 guide plate model in the operation by using a 3D printer;
wherein, the material for making the model adopts medical high polymer material, in particular polylactic acid (PLA) material;
step four, integrating and inspecting the guide plate and the model, redesigning if the guide plate and the model are unqualified, and putting the guide plate and the model into an operation after disinfection if the guide plate and the model are qualified;
wherein, the specific test standard is as follows: all guide plates and models receive 'detection whether a product is matched with a design drawing or not' at the first time of 3D printing, manual judgment is adopted, reprocessing and improvement are carried out if the shape, structure, texture and other properties of the product are unqualified, and the product is re-made after design parameters are adjusted if the product is seriously unqualified;
the method comprises the following steps of sequentially carrying out an operation simulation test on a guide plate matched with a level 1 before the intracranial puncture operation and a guide plate assembled with the puncture drainage level 2 during the operation, observing whether the guide plates and the models can be correctly and smoothly combined, and reprocessing or remanufacturing if the guide plates and the models are not smooth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and progresses:
1. can design a personalized precise operation scheme for a patient by observing the digital model and the design of the puncture channel before the operation,
2. before the operation, the head and face matching before the operation can be carried out by matching the grade 1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture, the intracranial puncture precision is improved,
3. the puncture drainage 2-level guide plate can quickly determine the location, depth and angle of intracranial puncture in the operation,
4. the application of the multi-stage guide plate realizes an accurate operation scheme, reduces operation injury, shortens operation time, improves the success rate of intracranial puncture and reduces the failure rate of the traditional intracranial puncture.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of the process of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a model diagram of a pre-intracranial puncture matching level 1 guide device in an experimental example of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a model of intraoperative assembly puncture drainage level 2 guide plate device.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by combining the drawings and the detailed implementation mode:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing a digital head model and a multi-stage guide plate based on a three-dimensional reconstruction technology includes the following steps:
firstly, processing head three-dimensional CT data before a patient operation, establishing a digital three-dimensional data model, analyzing the head and face three-dimensional structure, skull three-dimensional and hematoma volume of the patient, and restoring the original state of a disease;
the specific operation of establishing a digital three-dimensional data model after processing the three-dimensional structure of the head surface part and the three-dimensional CT data of the skull is as follows: image import → threshold segmentation (specific tissue extraction) → three-dimensional reconstruction model generation → computer aided design (measurement, design guide, design multi-level matching, etc.) → 3D printing;
| the method comprises the following specific steps: | |
| 1) image importing: | |
| and (3) utilizing three-dimensional reconstruction software such as mimics, E-3D and the like to support the thin-layer scanning image of the DICOM standard. Patient passes CT |
Or after an MRI examination, images in this format can be derived;
2) threshold value division:
the gray value of the CT scanning image reflects different attenuation coefficients of tissues to X rays; the threshold segmentation method is based on a calculation operation of a gray image, tissues in a set threshold range are reserved, and other tissues are removed;
3) and (3) generating a three-dimensional reconstruction model:
in MIMICS and E-3D software, the object is described by the volume data of three-dimensional primitives, the patient volume data is obtained by a tomography device such as CT, the three-dimensional mask of the object is obtained by threshold segmentation, and the calculation is carried out based on the three-dimensional mask
The process of the three-dimensional model is three-dimensional reconstruction;
4) computer aided design:
carrying out virtual operation design according to the actual situation of the three-dimensional model of the patient; designing a proper guide plate or implant and the like by auxiliary tools or software such as CAD, 3-matic, MAGICS and the like to participate in the surgical process and assist a doctor in performing the operation;
5)3D printing:
3D printing technology, also called incremental manufacturing, refers to a technology that is directly driven by a digital model and uses bondable materials such as metal, plastic, ceramic, resin, wax, paper, sand and the like to construct a physical entity in a rapid prototyping device in a layer-by-layer overlapping manner; placing the patient model which is reconstructed in three dimensions and the designed guide plate model into rapid forming equipment to finally obtain a 1:1 entity;
step two, a scheme of intracranial puncture drainage tube placement is formulated by analyzing the three-dimensional structure positioning of the head and face, designing a matching point and calculating hematoma amount, and three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the three-dimensional structure of the head and face, the three-dimensional skull before operation, a matching 1-level guide plate before the intracranial puncture operation and a matching puncture drainage 2-level guide plate during the operation;
wherein, CT data noise correction:
because the original CT data cannot avoid the influence of noise, when the digital model after three-dimensional reconstruction is subjected to threshold segmentation, gaps caused by partial noise exist, and therefore the finally obtained three-dimensional model has a plurality of holes; repairing the model through three-dimensional software, and measuring the volume of the three-dimensional model by selecting a place to be measured after hole filling so as to obtain an accurate three-dimensional volume;
matching a 1-level guide plate before intracranial puncture:
selecting a head and face three-dimensional model through three-dimensional software such as 3-matic and the like, and generally selecting a marked range with prominent head and face characteristics and difficult deformation: nasion-tip of nose, superior orbital margin, cheekbones, auricle, etc.
Intraoperative assembly puncture drainage level 2 guide plate:
by using three-dimensional software such as 3-matic software and the like, on the basis of matching the grade-1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture, the area of the guide plate is reduced, and corresponding marks are made to be matched with the grade-1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture;
step three, manufacturing a matching level 1 guide plate before intracranial puncture operation and assembling a puncture drainage level 2 guide plate model in the operation by using a 3D printer;
wherein, the material for making the model adopts medical high polymer material, in particular polylactic acid (PLA) material;
step four, integrating and inspecting the guide plate and the model, redesigning if the guide plate and the model are unqualified, and putting the guide plate and the model into an operation after disinfection if the guide plate and the model are qualified;
wherein, the specific test standard is as follows: all guide plates and models receive 'detection whether a product is matched with a design drawing or not' at the first time of 3D printing, manual judgment is adopted, reprocessing and improvement are carried out if the shape, structure, texture and other properties of the product are unqualified, and the product is re-made after design parameters are adjusted if the product is seriously unqualified;
the method comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out an operation simulation test on a guide plate model of matching a level 1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture operation and a guide plate model of assembling puncture drainage level 2 guide plate in the operation, observing whether the guide plates and the models can be correctly and smoothly combined, and reprocessing or remanufacturing if the guide plates and the models are not smooth.
| It is composed of | The material is polylactic acid (PLA) material, and the Chinese alias: a polylactide; molecular formula (C3H4O2)n， |
| It is composed of | Tensile strength: |
| 40-60MPa, and completely meets the requirements of matching a grade 1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture operation and assembling a puncture drainage grade 2 guide plate in the operation Fixing a model guide plate, matching the face, assisting in marking fixed points, and meeting the strength requirements of operations such as assembly in an operation; | |
| melting point: 155 ℃ and 185 ℃, and epoxy ethylene glycol is sterilized at low temperatureThe disinfection method of alkane and the like does not generate deformation and the like To give a title. |
The chemical properties are as follows:
polylactic acid, also known as polylactide, of the formula (C)3H4O2)n. A high molecular polymer material which has no biotoxicity, can be regenerated and degraded. The density is 1.20-1.30 kg/L. Melting point 155 ℃ and 185 ℃. Water absorption 0.12 to 0.46% (equilibrium, 73 ° F). And resistance to dilute acid and no resistance to concentrated acid. The alkali resistance is poor. The solvent resistance is better.
Toxicology data:
1. experiments prove that in rabbit experiments, polylactic acid can be degraded into lactic acid in a body and then enters a biological metabolism process, so that the common polylactic acid has no toxic or side effect;
2. the polylactic acid has no obvious influence on the shapes and functions of heart, liver and kidney of the rabbit in the rabbit experiment; and local histological observation proves that the polylactic acid has the characteristics of adhesion prevention, osteogenesis induction, gradual degradation, attraction and the like.
Clinical trial example:
step one, establishing digital three-dimensional data after processing head three-dimensional CT data before operation of a patient,
step two, determining the drill way incision of the head and face, the drill position of the skull, the direction, the angle and the depth of the intracranial puncture catheterization through MIMICS software to obtain the preoperative simulated catheterization position, finally designing the intracranial puncture from the frontal lobe of the patient,
step three, obtaining the simulated puncture catheter placement position, designing a face matching area through 3-Matic reverse engineering software,
step four, carrying out feature marking by using a nasion-nose tip, the upper edge of an orbit, a zygomatic bone, an auricle and the like;
drawing a guide plate matching range by using the feature marks near the position of the simulated tube placing area, and designing a preoperative matching 1-level guide plate;
step six, designing three shared circular hole matching points with the radius of 5mm in the same area of the preoperative matching level 1 guide plate and the intraoperative assembly puncture drainage level 2 guide plate by using 3-Matic software so as to facilitate the intraoperative assembly of the intraoperative assembly puncture drainage level 2 guide plate;
designing a half-opening guide needle channel (the size of the half opening of the guide needle channel is about 2/3 of the diameter of the catheter) for simulating the puncture catheter placement position on the assembly puncture drainage 2-level guide plate by using 3-Matic software, wherein the half opening is used for ensuring that the puncture direction and angle are not changed, and the 2-level guide plate is separated from the catheter after the catheter placement is facilitated;
step eight, designing a hemispherical top with the radius of 20mm and the wall thickness of 3mm at the junction point of the simulated puncture indwelling catheter and the head and face, wherein the hemispherical top is used for guiding the support of the needle channel and removing the direct contact between the surface of the guide plate and the puncture operation area, so that the matching of the 2-level guide plate and the head and face due to anesthesia or external force form change in the puncture operation area can be prevented, and the infection risk of the direct contact between the guide plate and the operation area can be reduced;
step nine, after the main design is completed, edge cutting is carried out on the 2-level guide plate by using 3-Matic software, a main functional area is reserved, and the contact area of the guide plate and the surface is reduced, so that the guide plate and an operation area are accurately matched under a small disinfection area in the operation;
performing surgery;
preoperative preparation of any intracranial puncture → attachment of a grade 1 guide plate with a head and face feature mark point and a skin surface → marking of 3 mark round holes on the matched grade 1 guide plate on the skin surface → disinfection of an operation area → skin entrance → skull drilling → matching of 3 mark round holes on the grade 2 guide plate shared with the grade 1 guide plate with the skin surface → checking whether 3 marks on the grade 2 guide plate are matched → determination of a drilling position → drilling → assembly of the grade 2 guide plate to enable a drainage tube to enter an intracranial puncture local area through a guide needle channel → subsequent steps are the same as the conventional operation steps.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing a head digital model and a multi-stage guide plate based on a three-dimensional reconstruction technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step (ii) of
Processing the head three-dimensional CT data before the operation of the patient, establishing a digital three-dimensional data model, analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the surface part of the head of the patient, the skull three-dimensional volume and the hematoma volume, and reducing the original state of the disease;
the specific operation of establishing a digital three-dimensional data model after processing the three-dimensional structure of the surface part of the head body and the three-dimensional CT data of the skull is as follows: image import → threshold segmentation (specific tissue extraction) → three-dimensional reconstruction model generation → computer aided design (measurement, design guide, design multi-level matching, etc.) → 3D printing;
step (ii) of
The intracranial puncture drainage tube placing scheme is formulated by analyzing the three-dimensional structure positioning of the head and face, designing a matching point and calculating the hematoma amount, and three-dimensional modeling is carried out on the three-dimensional structure of the head and face, the skull three-dimensional before operation, the matching level 1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture, and the puncture drainage level 2 guide plate assembled in the operation;
wherein, CT data noise correction: because the original CT data cannot avoid the influence of noise, when the digital model after three-dimensional reconstruction is subjected to threshold segmentation, gaps caused by partial noise exist, and therefore the finally obtained three-dimensional model has a plurality of holes; repairing the model through three-dimensional software, and measuring the volume of the three-dimensional model by selecting a place to be measured after hole filling so as to obtain an accurate three-dimensional volume;
matching a 1-level guide plate before intracranial puncture:
selecting a head and face three-dimensional model through three-dimensional software such as 3-matic and the like, and generally selecting a marked range with prominent head and face characteristics and difficult deformation: nasion-tip of nose, superior orbital margin, cheekbones, auricle, etc.
2. Intraoperative assembly puncture drainage level 2 guide plate:
by using three-dimensional software such as 3-matic software and the like, on the basis of matching the grade-1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture, the area of the guide plate is reduced, and corresponding marks are made to be matched with the grade-1 guide plate before the intracranial puncture;
step (ii) of
Manufacturing a matching grade-1 guide plate before intracranial puncture by using a 3D printer, and assembling a puncture drainage grade-2 guide plate model in the operation;
wherein, the material for making the model adopts medical high polymer material, in particular polylactic acid (PLA) material;
step (ii) of
Integrating and inspecting the guide plate and the model, redesigning if the guide plate and the model are unqualified, and putting the guide plate and the model into an operation after disinfection if the guide plate and the model are qualified;
wherein, the specific test standard is as follows: all guide plates and models receive 'detection whether a product is matched with a design drawing or not' at the first time of 3D printing, manual judgment is adopted, reprocessing and improvement are carried out if the shape, structure, texture and other properties of the product are unqualified, and the product is re-made after design parameters are adjusted if the product is seriously unqualified;
the method comprises the following steps of sequentially carrying out an operation simulation test on a guide plate matched with a level 1 before the intracranial puncture operation and a guide plate assembled with the puncture drainage level 2 during the operation, observing whether the guide plates and the models can be correctly and smoothly combined, and reprocessing or remanufacturing if the guide plates and the models are not smooth.
3. The method for preparing a digital model of a head and a multi-stage guide plate based on a three-dimensional reconstruction technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the specific operation method of the step (I) is as follows:
1) image importing:
the method comprises the following steps of supporting a DICOM standard thin-layer scanning image by using three-dimensional reconstruction software such as mimics and E-3D, and exporting the image in the format after a patient is examined by CT or MRI;
2) threshold value division:
the gray value of the CT scanning image reflects different attenuation coefficients of tissues to X rays; the threshold segmentation method is based on a calculation operation of a gray image, tissues in a set threshold range are reserved, and other tissues are removed;
3) and (3) generating a three-dimensional reconstruction model:
in MIMICS and E-3D software, an object is described by the volume data of three-dimensional primitives, after the volume data of a patient is obtained by CT (computed tomography) and other tomography devices, a three-dimensional mask of the object is obtained by threshold segmentation, and the process of calculating a three-dimensional model based on the three-dimensional mask is three-dimensional reconstruction;
4) computer aided design:
carrying out virtual operation design according to the actual situation of the three-dimensional model of the patient; designing a proper guide plate or implant and the like by auxiliary tools or software such as CAD, 3-matic, MAGICS and the like to participate in the surgical process and assist a doctor in performing the operation;
5)3D printing:
3D printing technology, also called incremental manufacturing, refers to a technology that is directly driven by a digital model and uses bondable materials such as metal, plastic, ceramic, resin, wax, paper, sand and the like to construct a physical entity in a rapid prototyping device in a layer-by-layer overlapping manner; and putting the patient model reconstructed in three dimensions and the designed guide plate model into rapid forming equipment to finally obtain a 1:1 entity.
4. The method for preparing a digital model of a head and a multi-stage guide plate based on a three-dimensional reconstruction technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method further comprises the steps of:
step (ii) of
The head three-dimensional CT data before the operation of the patient is processed and then establishedThe three-dimensional data is digitized and then,
step (ii) ofThe orientation, angle and depth of the drill way incision of the head and face, the drill position of the skull and the intracranial puncture tube are determined through MIMICS software to obtain the preoperative simulated tube placement position, and the patient finally designs the intracranial puncture from the frontal lobe,
step (ii) of
Obtaining the simulated puncture tube-placing position, designing a face matching area through 3-matrix reverse engineering software,
step (ii) of
And characteristic labeling with nasion-nose tip, orbital upper edge, cheekbone, auricle, etc.
5. Step (ii) of
And drawing a guide plate matching range by using the characteristic marks near the position of the simulated tube placing area, and designing a preoperative matching 1-level guide plate.
6. Step (ii) ofThree shared circular hole matching points with the radius of 5mm are designed in the same area of a preoperative matching level 1 guide plate and an intraoperative assembly puncture drainage level 2 guide plate by using 3-Matic software so as to facilitate the intraoperative assembly of the intraoperative assembly puncture drainage level 2 guide plate;
step (ii) of
Designing a semi-open guide needle channel for simulating the puncture tube placement position on a 2-stage guide plate for assembling puncture drainage by using 3-Matic software (The size of the half opening of the guide needle channel is 2/3 about the diameter of the tube, the half opening has the first function of ensuring that the puncture direction and angle are not changed, and the second function is favorable for separating the 2-stage guide plate from the guide tube after the tube is placed;
step (ii) of
The radius of the junction point of the simulated puncture indwelling catheter and the head and face is designed to be 20mm, the wall thickness of the junction point is 3mm, and the hemispherical top is used for guiding the support of the needle channel and removing the direct contact between the surface of the guide plate and the puncture operation area, so that the matching of the 2-level guide plate and the head and face due to anesthesia or external force form change in the puncture operation area can be prevented, and the infection risk of the direct contact between the guide plate and the operation area can be reduced;
step (ii) ofAfter the main design is finished, edge cutting is carried out on the 2-level guide plate by using 3-Matic software, a main functional area is reserved, and the contact area of the guide plate and the surface is reduced, so that the guide plate and an operation area are accurately matched under the condition of a small disinfection area in the operation; after the design is completed, the final product of the product (preoperative design and guide plate) is printed.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111914387A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-11-10 | 西安理工大学 | Parameterized-design-based 3D printing manicure model and construction method thereof |
| CN112155737A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-01 | 华志微创医疗科技（北京）有限公司 | System and method for implanting detection device into cranium |
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