CN110660502A - High-strength electromagnetic shielding cable - Google Patents
High-strength electromagnetic shielding cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN110660502A CN110660502A CN201910943580.0A CN201910943580A CN110660502A CN 110660502 A CN110660502 A CN 110660502A CN 201910943580 A CN201910943580 A CN 201910943580A CN 110660502 A CN110660502 A CN 110660502A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/08—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable which comprises a cable core, and a fire-resistant layer, an isolation layer, a shielding layer and a flame-retardant sheath layer which are sequentially coated on the outer side of the cable core; the cable core comprises a plurality of copper conductors, and the copper conductors are formed by twisting a plurality of copper wires; the fire-resistant layer is a fire-resistant wrapping tape wrapped on the outer side of the cable core, and the isolation layer is a polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite ternary composite foaming layer with the thickness of 200-400 mu m; the shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, the shielding outer layer is an aramid fiber/carbon fiber composite woven layer, and the surfaces of the aramid fiber and the carbon fiber are plated with metal shielding materials; the flame-retardant sheath layer is a low-smoke halogen-free sheath. The high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable has high tensile strength and compressive strength and strong electromagnetic shielding performance, can not be influenced in a high-temperature environment, particularly in a fire disaster, cannot become a flame-retardant material, and ensures stable railway signal transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable.
Background
The rail transit communication signal cable is an important means for realizing train command and train operation management, and becomes indispensable key equipment for ensuring train safety and improving transportation efficiency. In the safe operation of rail transit trains, how to ensure the safe and stable transmission of rail transit communication signals is always an important work which is concerned by the industry for a long time, in the application of the same type of products in the prior industry, some special sections with bad electromagnetic field environments exist, the error code and distortion of the communication signal information occur, especially when the trains enter or leave the sections, the adverse condition is more serious, and in order to effectively improve the transmission quality of the information, a cable with high strength and strong electromagnetic interference resistance is developed, the potential accident hazard which possibly exists is eliminated, and the important problem which cannot be avoided is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable which is high in tensile strength and compressive strength, has strong electromagnetic shielding performance, can not be influenced in a high-temperature environment, particularly in a fire disaster, cannot become a flame-retardant material, and guarantees stable railway signal transmission.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable which comprises a cable core, and a fire-resistant layer, an isolation layer, a shielding layer and a flame-retardant sheath layer which are sequentially coated on the outer side of the cable core; the cable core comprises a plurality of copper conductors, and the copper conductors are formed by twisting a plurality of copper wires; the fire-resistant layer is a fire-resistant wrapping tape wrapped on the outer side of the cable core, and the isolation layer is a polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite ternary composite foaming layer with the thickness of 200-400 mu m; the shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, the shielding outer layer is an aramid fiber/carbon fiber composite woven layer, and the surfaces of the aramid fiber and the carbon fiber are plated with metal shielding materials; the flame-retardant sheath layer is a low-smoke halogen-free sheath.
According to the invention, the fire-resistant layer is arranged outside the cable core, and the fire-resistant layer is a fire-resistant wrapping belt wrapped outside the cable core, so that the cable core can be isolated from the outer layer, flame isolation is realized, and the effect of preventing fire from spreading into the cable core is realized. The isolating layer is a polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite ternary composite foaming layer, and has the following advantages: the porous structure endows the cable with good heat insulation property, and when the cable is used in a high-temperature environment, the temperature in the cable core can be reduced, so that the cable can work normally; the polyurethane is used as a base material, so that the foaming layer has better elasticity, and the addition of the glass fiber is beneficial to improving the strength of the foaming layer, thereby increasing the overall tensile and compressive properties of the cable; in addition, when a fire disaster occurs, the expandable graphite in the foaming layer can expand by heating to block foam holes, so that oxygen is isolated, and meanwhile, a carbon layer wrapped outside the fire-resistant layer can be formed, so that oxygen and a fire source are further isolated, and the fire-resistant and flame-retardant performance is improved.
According to the invention, the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is adopted as the first shielding layer, the PVDF has good chemical corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, weather resistance and dielectric property, the coating formed after the nickel powder is compounded has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and compared with the existing sputtering metal film (the thickness is only a few micrometers), the preparation method is simpler, the cost is low, the thickness is controllable, and the electromagnetic shielding performance is better. Adopt the surface to plate aramid fiber and the weaving layer that the carbon fiber mixture of metallic shield material was worked out and is formed as the second shielding layer, not only have good electromagnetic shield effect, can show the tensile strength who promotes the cable moreover. By adjusting the weaving density, the electromagnetic shielding property and the tensile strength can be adjusted.
Furthermore, the fireproof wrapping tape is a double-sided synthetic mica tape, a polyimide tape or a ceramic fiber cloth, and the thickness of the fireproof wrapping tape is 100-200 microns.
Further, the double-sided synthetic mica tape comprises a mica paper base material and polyimide films attached to two sides of the mica paper base material, wherein the thickness of each polyimide film is 20-50 mu m.
Further, the polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite ternary composite foaming layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
further, the preparation method of the modified glass fiber comprises the following steps:
dissolving a coupling agent in a solvent, adding glass fiber, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10-30 min, and drying to obtain modified glass fiber; wherein the length of the glass fiber is 500 mu m-5 mm, and the dosage of the coupling agent is 1-3 wt% of the mass of the glass fiber;
the preparation method of the modified expandable graphite comprises the following steps:
dissolving a coupling agent in a solvent, adding expandable graphite, magnetically stirring for 10-30 min, then ultrasonically dispersing for 10-30 min, and drying to obtain modified expandable graphite; wherein the particle size of the expandable graphite is 100-300 μm, and the dosage of the coupling agent is 3-5 wt% of the mass of the expandable graphite.
Furthermore, the physical foaming agent is a microsphere foaming agent, and the microsphere foaming agent is a microsphere structure with thermoplastic resin as a shell and low-boiling-point alkane as a core. The thermoplastic resin may be acrylonitrile-acrylate copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, etc. The microsphere foaming agent is adopted, so that the foaming temperature is low, a uniform cell structure can be obtained, and the environment is protected.
Further, the curing agent is polyisocyanate curing agent, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent or titanate coupling agent.
Further, the preparation method of the polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite composite foaming layer comprises the following steps:
(1) dispersing the modified expandable graphite and the modified glass fiber in a solvent, and stirring for 0.5-1 h to form a uniform solution;
(2) adding the solution obtained in the step (1) and a physical foaming agent into polyester polyol, and stirring at room temperature for 30-60 min to obtain a polymer solution;
(3) and (3) adding a curing agent into the polymer solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, adding into a mold, foaming at 70-100 ℃ for 1-3 h, cooling, curing and demolding to obtain the polyurethane foam material.
Further, the preparation method of the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating comprises the following steps: adding nickel powder and a coupling agent into a solvent, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a uniform first solution; then, dissolving PVDF in a solvent to obtain a second solution, mixing the second solution with the first solution, and uniformly stirring; finally, extruding the mixture at 120-150 ℃ to form a coating. As the solvent, a commonly used organic solvent such as NMP, DMAc, DMF or the like can be used.
Furthermore, in the aramid fiber/carbon fiber composite woven layer, the ratio of aramid fiber to carbon fiber is 1:1, and the surfaces of the aramid fiber and the carbon fiber are plated with nickel. In other embodiments, the surfaces of the aramid fiber and the carbon fiber can be plated with copper, tin and other metals.
Furthermore, a water-blocking layer is arranged between the cable core and the fire-resistant layer, and the water-blocking layer can adopt a common water-blocking tape.
Furthermore, a filling framework is arranged in the cable core, and the shape of the filling framework can be determined according to the number of the copper conductors. For example, when the cable core is provided with four copper conductors, the filling framework can be arranged into a cross shape, so that the copper conductors are separated and play a role in fixing the copper conductors, the internal structure of the cable is more stable, and the stability of communication signals is facilitated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the fire-resistant layer is arranged outside the cable core, so that the cable core is separated from the outer layer, and the effects of isolating flame and preventing fire from spreading into the cable core are achieved. The isolating layer is arranged outside the fire-resistant layer and is a polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite ternary composite foaming layer, and the isolating layer has the following advantages: the porous structure endows the cable with good heat insulation property, and when the cable is used in a high-temperature environment, the temperature in the cable core can be reduced, so that the cable can work normally; the polyurethane is used as a base material, so that the foaming layer has better elasticity, and the addition of the glass fiber is beneficial to improving the strength of the foaming layer, thereby increasing the overall tensile and compressive properties of the cable; in addition, when a fire disaster occurs, the expandable graphite in the foaming layer can expand by heating to block foam holes, so that oxygen is isolated, and meanwhile, a carbon layer wrapped outside the fire-resistant layer can be formed, so that oxygen and a fire source are further isolated, and the fire-resistant and flame-retardant performance is improved.
2. According to the invention, the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is adopted as the first shielding layer, the PVDF has good chemical corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, weather resistance and dielectric property, the coating formed after the nickel powder is compounded has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and compared with the existing sputtering metal film (the thickness is only a few micrometers), the preparation method is simpler, the cost is low, the thickness is controllable, and the electromagnetic shielding performance is better. Adopt the surface to plate aramid fiber and the weaving layer that the carbon fiber mixture of metallic shield material was worked out and is formed as the second shielding layer, not only have good electromagnetic shield effect, can show the tensile strength who promotes the cable moreover. By adjusting the weaving density, the electromagnetic shielding property and the tensile strength can be adjusted.
3. The high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance and flame retardant performance, can be suitable for areas with severe electromagnetic field environments or high-temperature environments, ensures normal communication and stable signals, avoids accidents, and has good tensile and compressive properties.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a copper conductor; 2. a refractory layer; 3. an isolation layer; 4. a shielding inner layer; 5. a shielding outer layer; 6. a flame retardant jacket layer; 7. filling the framework.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable, which includes a cable core, and a flame retardant layer, an isolation layer, a shielding layer and a flame retardant sheath layer sequentially coated on the outer side of the cable core; the cable core comprises 1 copper conductor which is formed by stranding a plurality of copper wires. The flame retardant coating is fire prevention band, and this fire prevention band is for wrapping the ceramic fiber cloth in the sinle silk outside, and thickness is 100 ~ 200 mu m.
The isolation layer is a polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite ternary composite foaming layer, and the thickness of the isolation layer is 200-400 mu m; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing two parts of coupling agent KH550 according to 2 wt% and 5 wt% of glass fiber and expandable graphite, and respectively dissolving in absolute ethanol to obtain two parts of coupling agent solutions with the concentration of 80%; then, respectively adding glass fiber and expandable graphite into the coupling agent solution, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30min, wherein the expandable graphite solution needs to be magnetically stirred for 30min before ultrasonic treatment; and finally drying to obtain the modified glass fiber and the modified expandable graphite.
(2) Dispersing 8 parts of modified expandable graphite and 3 parts of modified glass fiber in 10 parts of deionized water, and stirring for 0.5h to form a uniform solution;
(3) then, adding the solution obtained in the step (2) and 3 parts of microsphere foaming agent into 100 parts of polyester polyol, and stirring for 1 hour at room temperature to obtain a polymer solution;
(4) and (3) adding 140 parts of polyisocyanate curing agent (hexamethylene diisocyanate derivative) into the polymer solution obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding into a mold, foaming at 90-100 ℃ for 12 hours, cooling, curing and demolding to obtain the polyurethane foam material.
The shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, wherein the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, the thickness of the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is 100-200 mu m, and the addition amount of the nickel powder in the composite coating is 4 wt%. The outer shielding layer is an aramid fiber/carbon fiber composite woven layer, the ratio of the aramid fiber to the carbon fiber is 1:1, and the surfaces of the aramid fiber and the carbon fiber are plated with nickel. The flame-retardant sheath layer is a low-smoke halogen-free sheath.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment discloses a high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable, which includes a cable core, and a flame retardant layer, an isolation layer, a shielding layer and a flame retardant sheath layer sequentially coated on the outer side of the cable core; the cable core comprises 4 copper conductors and a cross-shaped filling framework, wherein the copper conductors are formed by twisting a plurality of copper conducting wires and are separated and relatively fixed by the cross-shaped filling framework. The flame retardant coating is a fireproof wrapping tape, the fireproof wrapping tape is a ceramic polyimide tape wrapped on the outer side of the cable core, and the thickness of the fireproof wrapping tape is 100-200 mu m.
The isolation layer is a polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite ternary composite foaming layer, and the thickness of the isolation layer is 200-400 mu m; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing two parts of coupling agent KH550 according to 2 wt% and 5 wt% of glass fiber and expandable graphite, and respectively dissolving in absolute ethanol to obtain two parts of coupling agent solutions with the concentration of 80%; then, respectively adding glass fiber and expandable graphite into the coupling agent solution, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30min, wherein the expandable graphite solution needs to be magnetically stirred for 30min before ultrasonic treatment; and finally drying to obtain the modified glass fiber and the modified expandable graphite.
(2) Dispersing 6 parts of modified expandable graphite and 4 parts of modified glass fiber in 10 parts of deionized water, and stirring for 0.5h to form a uniform solution;
(3) then, adding the solution obtained in the step (2) and 2 parts of microsphere foaming agent into 100 parts of polyester polyol, and stirring for 1 hour at room temperature to obtain a polymer solution;
(4) and (3) adding 150 parts of polyisocyanate curing agent (hexamethylene diisocyanate derivative) into the polymer solution obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding into a mold, foaming at 90-100 ℃ for 12 hours, cooling, curing and demolding to obtain the polyurethane foam material.
The shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, wherein the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, the thickness of the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is 100-200 mu m, and the addition amount of the nickel powder in the composite coating is 4 wt%. The outer shielding layer is an aramid fiber/carbon fiber composite woven layer, the ratio of the aramid fiber to the carbon fiber is 1:1, and the surfaces of the aramid fiber and the carbon fiber are plated with nickel. The flame-retardant sheath layer is a low-smoke halogen-free sheath.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable is characterized by comprising a cable core, and a fire-resistant layer, an isolation layer, a shielding layer and a flame-retardant sheath layer which are sequentially coated on the outer side of the cable core; the cable core comprises a plurality of copper conductors, and the copper conductors are formed by twisting a plurality of copper wires; the fire-resistant layer is a fire-resistant wrapping tape wrapped on the outer side of the cable core, and the isolation layer is a polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite ternary composite foaming layer with the thickness of 200-400 mu m; the shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, the shielding outer layer is an aramid fiber/carbon fiber composite woven layer, and the surfaces of the aramid fiber and the carbon fiber are plated with metal shielding materials; the flame-retardant sheath layer is a low-smoke halogen-free sheath.
2. The high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable of claim 1, wherein the fireproof tape is a double-sided synthetic mica tape, a polyimide tape or a ceramic fiber cloth, and has a thickness of 100 to 200 μm.
3. The high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable as claimed in claim 2, wherein the double-sided synthetic mica tape comprises a mica paper substrate and polyimide films attached to both sides of the mica paper substrate, wherein the polyimide films have a thickness of 20 to 50 μm.
4. The high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite ternary composite foamed layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
5. the high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable as claimed in claim 4, wherein the modified glass fiber is prepared by a method comprising:
dissolving a coupling agent in a solvent, adding glass fiber, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10-30 min, and drying to obtain modified glass fiber; wherein the length of the glass fiber is 500 mu m-5 mm, and the dosage of the coupling agent is 1-3 wt% of the mass of the glass fiber;
the preparation method of the modified expandable graphite comprises the following steps:
dissolving a coupling agent in a solvent, adding expandable graphite, magnetically stirring for 10-30 min, then ultrasonically dispersing for 10-30 min, and drying to obtain modified expandable graphite; wherein the particle size of the expandable graphite is 100-300 μm, and the dosage of the coupling agent is 3-5 wt% of the mass of the expandable graphite.
6. The high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable as claimed in claim 4, wherein the physical blowing agent is a microsphere blowing agent having a microsphere structure with a thermoplastic resin as a shell and a low-boiling alkane as a core.
7. The high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable as claimed in claim 5, wherein the curing agent is a polyisocyanate-based curing agent, and the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent or a titanate coupling agent.
8. The high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable as claimed in claim 4, wherein the polyurethane/glass fiber/expandable graphite composite foamed layer is prepared by a method comprising:
(1) dispersing the modified expandable graphite and the modified glass fiber in a solvent, and stirring for 0.5-1 h to form a uniform solution;
(2) adding the solution obtained in the step (1) and a physical foaming agent into polyester polyol, and stirring at room temperature for 30-60 min to obtain a polymer solution;
(3) and (3) adding a curing agent into the polymer solution obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, adding into a mold, foaming at 70-100 ℃ for 1-3 h, cooling, curing and demolding to obtain the polyurethane foam material.
9. The high-strength electromagnetically shielded cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is prepared by a method comprising: adding nickel powder and a coupling agent into a solvent, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a uniform first solution; then, dissolving PVDF in a solvent to obtain a second solution, mixing the second solution with the first solution, and uniformly stirring; finally, extruding the mixture at 120-150 ℃ to form a coating.
10. The high-strength electromagnetic shielding cable of claim 1, wherein the aramid/carbon fiber composite braid has a ratio of aramid to carbon fiber of 1:1, and the surfaces of the aramid and carbon fiber are plated with nickel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910943580.0A CN110660502B (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | High-strength electromagnetic shielding cable |
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| CN201910943580.0A CN110660502B (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | High-strength electromagnetic shielding cable |
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| CN110660502B CN110660502B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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| CN115295217A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-04 | 三元科技（深圳）有限公司 | Cable for high-definition image transmission of medical equipment |
| CN116289190A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-06-23 | 深圳启赋科创技术有限公司 | Electromagnetic shielding material |
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| CN116289190B (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-07-18 | 深圳启赋科创技术有限公司 | Electromagnetic shielding material |
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| CN110660502B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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