CN110656995B - Combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110656995B
CN110656995B CN201911084906.5A CN201911084906A CN110656995B CN 110656995 B CN110656995 B CN 110656995B CN 201911084906 A CN201911084906 A CN 201911084906A CN 110656995 B CN110656995 B CN 110656995B
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China
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electromagnet
actuator
permanent magnet
end cover
coil
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CN201911084906.5A
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CN110656995A (en
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范新宇
殷杰
陆佳瑜
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2105—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids comprising two or more coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2151—Damping means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to an internal combustion engine, which comprises a double-acting electromagnet, an electromagnetic linear actuator and an engine valve; the double-acting electromagnet comprises an electromagnet end cover, an electromagnet shell, an electromagnet coil framework, an electromagnet coil, an upper permanent magnet ring, a lower permanent magnet ring, a magnetic conduction ring, a moving iron and a connecting rod; the electromagnetic linear actuator comprises an actuator shell, an actuator upper end cover, an actuator iron core, an actuator coil framework, an actuator coil and a permanent magnet; the actuator coil framework is arranged in a gap between the actuator iron core and the permanent magnet, the lower end of the actuator coil framework is connected with the air valve, and the upper end of the actuator coil framework is connected with the moving iron of the double-acting electromagnet and the connecting rod through the connecting plate; the valve is driven to open or close by the cooperation of the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator, when the valve is opened and faces to the gas pressure in the larger cylinder, the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator work simultaneously to realize the quick opening of the valve, and in addition, the valve also has the self-locking capability at the end part of the stroke without keeping current, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the system.

Description

Combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to internal combustion engine
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technology of an internal combustion engine, in particular to a combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine.
Background
The variable air distribution technology is an important technical means for improving the dynamic property, the economical efficiency and the emission performance of the internal combustion engine. In a conventional internal combustion engine, the valve phase and lift provided by a camshaft valvetrain are fixed and can only achieve optimal efficiency under certain operating conditions. The variable valve timing mechanism based on the camshaft can realize the adjustment of valve timing or valve lift, but is still constrained by the cam profile, the adjustable amplitude is not large, and the heat efficiency improvement effect is not obvious. The fully-variable valve actuating mechanism cancels a camshaft, directly and independently drives each valve in a linear servo mode, realizes the fully-flexible adjustment of the phase and the lift of the valve in the full working condition range in a continuous and variable manner, and has the potential of greatly improving the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine.
The main technical scheme of the current fully variable valve actuating mechanism mainly comprises an electromagnetic drive variable valve actuating mechanism, an electro-hydraulic drive variable valve actuating mechanism, an electric drive variable valve actuating mechanism and the like. The electromagnetic valve actuating mechanism based on the electromagnetic linear actuator is a technical route which is easy to implement, but in the stage of keeping the valve closed or opened, a certain current needs to be loaded to maintain the opening and closing state of the valve, which will result in the increase of the energy consumption of the system. In addition, when applied to an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, the electromagnetically driven valve train also faces a problem of insufficient driving force: after combustion, the gas pressure faced by the opening of the exhaust valve can reach 0.6MPa or even higher, which has great influence on the opening speed of the valve, and even cannot be opened in time in serious conditions, thus causing the performance deterioration of the internal combustion engine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism which has larger opening force and can realize end self-locking.
The technical solution for realizing the invention is as follows: a combined electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to an internal combustion engine comprises a double-acting electromagnet, an electromagnetic linear actuator and an engine valve. The double-acting electromagnet comprises an electromagnet coil framework, an electromagnet coil, a moving iron, a connecting rod, an electromagnet end cover and an electromagnet shell, wherein the outer wall of the electromagnet end cover is in transition fit with the electromagnet shell, and an upper permanent magnetic ring, a magnetic conductive ring and a lower permanent magnetic ring are sequentially arranged between the electromagnet end cover and the electromagnet shell; the inner side wall surfaces of the upper permanent magnet ring, the magnetic conduction ring and the lower permanent magnet ring, and a cavity formed by the electromagnet end cover and the electromagnet shell are internally provided with a moving iron which is rigidly connected with the connecting rod; the cavity formed by the upper permanent magnetic ring, the magnetic conductive ring and the outer side wall surface of the lower permanent magnetic ring, the electromagnet end cover and the electromagnet shell is internally provided with a fixed electromagnet coil framework, and the electromagnet coil is wound on the electromagnet coil framework.
The improvement is that the connecting seat is arranged at the lower end of the electromagnet shell, the electromagnetic linear actuator is arranged at the lower end of the connecting seat, the electromagnetic linear actuator comprises an actuator shell, an actuator upper end cover, an actuator iron core, an actuator coil framework, an actuator coil and a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is tightly attached to the inner side wall surface of the actuator shell, a gap between the actuator iron core and the permanent magnet is arranged on the actuator coil framework, and the actuator coil is wound on the actuator coil framework.
The further improvement lies in that the engine valve is arranged at the lower end of the actuator coil framework, and the upper end of the actuator coil framework is connected with the moving iron and the connecting rod through the connecting plate and can do reciprocating motion along the axial direction.
The further improvement lies in that the electromagnet end cover, the electromagnet shell, the electromagnet coil framework, the electromagnet coil, the upper permanent magnet ring, the lower permanent magnet ring, the magnetic conductive ring, the movable iron, the connecting rod, the actuator shell, the actuator upper end cover, the actuator iron core and the actuator coil framework are coaxial revolving bodies.
The further improvement lies in that the upper side and the lower side of the connecting plate are respectively provided with an upper spring and a lower spring.
The further improvement lies in that the electromagnet end cover, the electromagnet shell, the magnetic conduction ring, the moving iron, the actuator shell, the actuator upper end cover and the actuator iron core are all made of soft magnetic materials.
The further improvement is that the magnetic pole directions of the upper permanent magnet ring and the lower permanent magnet ring are axial and opposite.
The further improvement lies in that the electromagnet shell, the actuator shell and the upper end cover of the actuator are respectively fastened at the upper end and the lower end of the connecting seat through screws, and the connecting seat is made of a non-magnetic material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the invention combines the advantages of high control precision, fast response speed, flexible and adjustable motion rule of an electromagnetic linear actuator and the advantage of end self-holding force of a double-acting electromagnet, realizes the self-locking of the end of a stroke while realizing the continuous and flexible control of the opening and closing time, the opening duration and the opening lift of the valve, and eliminates the steady-state copper loss, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the system.
(2) The valve is driven to be opened or closed by the cooperation of a double-acting electromagnet and an electromagnetic linear actuator, wherein the electromagnetic linear actuator is a main driving unit, and the double-acting electromagnet is a selective power-assisted driving unit. When the valve is opened and the gas pressure is lower, only the electromagnetic linear actuator is electrified to work to drive the valve to move. When the valve is opened and the gas pressure is higher, the valve and the gas pressure work at the same time to generate larger driving force so as to overcome the gas pressure interference and realize the quick opening of the valve, thereby meeting the application requirement of an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
the electromagnetic actuator comprises an electromagnet coil framework 1, an electromagnet coil framework 2, an upper permanent magnet ring 3, a moving iron 4, a connecting rod 5, an upper spring 6, a connecting seat 7, a lower spring 8, a permanent magnet 9, an actuator coil 10, an actuator iron core 11, an actuator coil framework 12, an engine valve 13, an actuator shell 14, an actuator upper end cover 14, a connecting plate 15, an electromagnet shell 16, a lower permanent magnet ring 17, a magnetic conduction ring 18, an electromagnet coil 19 and an electromagnet end cover 20.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention, and that the preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present disclosure is set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding thereof. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment is combined with the attached figure 1, and the compound electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine comprises a double-acting electromagnet, an electromagnetic linear actuator and an engine valve 12, wherein the engine valve 12 is driven to be opened or closed by the cooperation of the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator. The double-acting electromagnet comprises an electromagnet coil framework 1, an electromagnet coil 19, a moving iron 3, a connecting rod 4, an electromagnet end cover 20 and an electromagnet shell 16, wherein the outer wall of the electromagnet end cover 20 is in transition fit with the electromagnet shell 16, and an upper permanent magnetic ring 2, a magnetic conductive ring 18 and a lower permanent magnetic ring 17 are sequentially arranged between the electromagnet end cover 20 and the electromagnet shell 16; the inner side wall surfaces of the upper permanent magnet ring 2, the magnetic conduction ring 18 and the lower permanent magnet ring 17, an electromagnet end cover 20 and an electromagnet shell 16 form a cavity, a moving iron 3 is arranged in the cavity, and the moving iron 3 is rigidly connected with the connecting rod 4; a fixed electromagnet coil framework 1 is arranged in a cavity formed by the outer side wall surfaces of the upper permanent magnet ring 2, the magnetic conduction ring 18 and the lower permanent magnet ring 17, the electromagnet end cover 20 and the electromagnet shell 16, and an electromagnet coil 19 is wound on the electromagnet coil framework 1. Connecting seat 6 sets up in 16 lower extremes of electro-magnet casing, and electromagnetism linear actuator sets up in 6 lower extremes of connecting seat, and electromagnetism linear actuator includes actuator shell 13, actuator upper end cover 14, actuator iron core 10, actuator coil skeleton 11, actuator coil 9 and permanent magnet 8, permanent magnet 8 hugs closely in the interior lateral wall face of actuator shell 13, actuator coil skeleton 11 establishes the clearance between actuator iron core and 10 permanent magnet 8, actuator coil 9 winding is on actuator coil skeleton 11.
The engine valve 12 is arranged at the lower end of the actuator coil framework 11, and the upper end of the actuator coil framework 11 is connected with the moving iron 3 and the connecting rod 4 through the connecting plate 15 and can reciprocate along the axial direction. The magnet end cover 20, the electromagnet shell 16, the electromagnet coil framework 1, the electromagnet coil 19, the upper permanent magnet ring 2, the lower permanent magnet ring 17, the magnetic conductive ring 18, the moving iron 3, the connecting rod 4, the actuator outer 13, the actuator upper end cover 14, the actuator iron core 10 and the actuator coil framework 11 are all coaxial rotary bodies. The upper side and the lower side of the connecting plate 15 are respectively provided with an upper spring 5 and a lower spring 7. The electromagnet end cover 20, the electromagnet shell 16, the magnetic conduction ring 18, the moving iron 3, the actuator shell 13, the actuator upper end cover 14 and the actuator iron core 10 are made of soft magnetic materials, the magnetic pole directions of the upper permanent magnetic ring 2 and the lower permanent magnetic ring 17 are axial and opposite, the electromagnet shell 16, the actuator shell 13 and the actuator upper end cover 14 are respectively fastened at the upper end and the lower end of the connecting seat 6 through screws, and the connecting seat 6 is made of a non-magnetic conduction material.
The invention provides a combined type electromagnetic drive fully variable valve mechanism applied to an internal combustion engine, which provides a certain end part holding force for an electromagnetic valve through a double-acting electromagnet and further has self-locking capability at the end part of a valve stroke. In addition, when the air pressure is higher, the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator work simultaneously to overcome the air pressure interference.
The specific working principle is as follows:
the engine valve 12 is driven to open or close by the cooperation of a double-acting electromagnet and an electromagnetic linear actuator, the motion law of the engine valve can be controlled by the current of an electromagnet coil 19 and an actuator coil 9, wherein the electromagnetic linear actuator is a main driving unit, and the double-acting electromagnet is a selective power-assisted driving unit.
When the engine valve 12 is in a closed state, the electromagnet coil 19 and the actuator coil 9 do not need to be electrified, a magnetic flux loop is formed among the moving iron 3, the electromagnet end cover 20, the upper permanent magnet ring 2 and the magnetic conductive ring 18, and the moving iron 3 always receives an axial force which is acted by the upper permanent magnet ring 2 and points to the upper end, overcomes the acting force of the upper spring 5 and the lower spring 7, and enables the valve to have a certain end part holding force in the closed state.
When the engine valve 12 is opened and faces high gas pressure, the electromagnet coil 19 and the actuator coil 9 are electrified to work, and high driving force is generated to overcome the interference of the gas pressure; when the engine valve 12 is opened and the gas pressure is small, the electromagnet coil 19 is not electrified, and the actuator coil 9 is electrified to work to drive the valve to move.
When the engine valve 12 is in the maximum stroke opening state, the electromagnet coil 19 and the actuator coil 9 do not need to be electrified, a magnetic flux loop is formed among the moving iron 3, the electromagnet shell 16, the lower permanent magnet ring 17 and the magnetic conductive ring 18, the moving iron 3 always receives the axial force which is acted by the lower permanent magnet ring 17 and points to the lower end, and overcomes the acting force of the upper spring 5 and the lower spring 7, so that the valve has a certain end part holding force in the maximum stroke opening state.
According to the requirements of application occasions, the elastic coefficients of the upper spring 5 and the lower spring 7 can be changed, so that the aims of improving the overall output force characteristic of the valve train, improving the response speed of the valve train and realizing seating buffer are fulfilled. The invention aims at an internal combustion engine (a gasoline engine for a vehicle, a diesel engine or a medium-high speed diesel engine for a ship and the like) provided with an electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve mechanism, adopts a double-acting electromagnet and electromagnetic linear actuator cooperative control technology, has self-locking capability at the end part of a valve stroke and can effectively reduce the energy consumption of a system compared with the existing variable technology, and can provide enough driving force to overcome the gas pressure interference in a cylinder when the valve is opened and faces larger gas pressure, so that the valve is quickly opened, and the application requirement of an internal combustion engine exhaust system is met.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing detailed description, or equivalent changes may be made in some of the features of the embodiments described above. All equivalent structures made by using the contents of the specification and the attached drawings of the invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and are also within the protection scope of the patent of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The combined type electromagnetic driving fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine is characterized by comprising a double-acting electromagnet, an electromagnetic linear actuator and an engine valve (12), wherein the engine valve (12) is driven to be opened or closed by the cooperation of the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator;
the double-acting electromagnet comprises an electromagnet coil framework (1), an electromagnet coil (19), a moving iron (3), a connecting rod (4), an electromagnet end cover (20), an electromagnet shell (16), an electromagnet end cover (20) and an electromagnet shell (16), wherein an upper permanent magnetic ring (2), a magnetic conductive ring (18) and a lower permanent magnetic ring (17) are arranged between the electromagnet end cover (20) and the electromagnet shell (16) in a transition fit manner;
a moving iron (3) is arranged in a cavity formed by the inner side wall surfaces of the upper permanent magnet ring (2), the magnetic conductive ring (18) and the lower permanent magnet ring (17) and the electromagnet end cover (20) and the electromagnet shell (16), and the moving iron (3) is rigidly connected with the connecting rod (4);
a fixed electromagnet coil framework (1) is arranged in a cavity formed by the outer side wall surfaces of the upper permanent magnet ring (2), the magnetic conduction ring (18) and the lower permanent magnet ring (17), the electromagnet end cover (20) and the electromagnet shell (16), and an electromagnet coil (19) is wound on the electromagnet coil framework (1);
connecting seat (6) set up in electromagnet housing (16) lower extreme, and electromagnetism linear actuator sets up in connecting seat (6) lower extreme, and electromagnetism linear actuator includes actuator shell (13), actuator upper end cover (14), actuator iron core (10), actuator coil skeleton (11), actuator coil (9) and permanent magnet (8), hug closely in the inside wall face of actuator shell (13) permanent magnet (8), the clearance between actuator iron core (10) and permanent magnet (8) is established in actuator coil skeleton (11), actuator coil (9) winding is on actuator coil skeleton (11).
2. The combined type electromagnetic driving fully variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine valve (12) is arranged at the lower end of the actuator coil framework (11), and the upper end of the actuator coil framework (11) is connected with the moving iron (3) and the connecting rod (4) through the connecting plate (15) and can reciprocate along the axial direction.
3. The combined type electromagnetic drive fully variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein the electromagnet end cover (20), the electromagnet housing (16), the electromagnet coil frame (1), the electromagnet coil (19), the upper permanent magnet ring (2), the lower permanent magnet ring (17), the magnetic conductive ring (18), the moving iron (3), the connecting rod (4), the actuator housing (13), the actuator upper end cover (14), the actuator iron core (10) and the actuator coil frame (11) are all coaxial revolving bodies.
4. A combined electromagnetic driving fully variable valve train applied to an internal combustion engine according to claim 3, wherein the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate (15) are respectively provided with an upper spring (5) and a lower spring (7).
5. The combined type electromagnetic drive fully variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein the electromagnet end cover (20), the electromagnet shell (16), the magnetic conductive ring (18), the moving iron (3), the actuator shell (13), the actuator upper end cover (14) and the actuator iron core (10) are made of soft magnetic materials.
6. A combined electromagnetic driving fully variable valve train applied to an internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 5 wherein the upper permanent magnet ring (2) and the lower permanent magnet ring (17) have opposite magnetic poles in axial direction.
7. The combined type electromagnetic driving fully variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the electromagnet housing (16), the actuator housing (13) and the actuator upper end cover (14) are respectively fastened to the upper end and the lower end of the connecting seat (6) through screws, and the connecting seat (6) is made of non-magnetic materials.
CN201911084906.5A 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to internal combustion engine Active CN110656995B (en)

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CN201911084906.5A CN110656995B (en) 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to internal combustion engine

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CN110656995B true CN110656995B (en) 2021-01-15

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CN112459928A (en) * 2020-11-13 2021-03-09 江苏科技大学 Electric control composite gas fuel injection device applied to engine

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JP2759358B2 (en) * 1989-12-11 1998-05-28 株式会社いすゞセラミックス研究所 Induction type electromagnetic valve drive
JPH05195732A (en) * 1992-01-17 1993-08-03 Isuzu Motors Ltd Solenoid valve
DE19723923C2 (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-06-21 Gruendl & Hoffmann Valve arrangement for a valve-controlled internal combustion engine
US6274954B1 (en) * 1997-10-10 2001-08-14 Daimlerchrysler Ag Electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas-exchanging valve
JP2004019533A (en) * 2002-06-14 2004-01-22 Tsubakimoto Chain Co Electromagnetic drive valve
JP2009019619A (en) * 2007-07-11 2009-01-29 Masaru Ogura Solenoid driving valve device
US10526932B2 (en) * 2008-08-01 2020-01-07 David Meisel Engine electronic valve actuation
CN102032012A (en) * 2010-05-05 2011-04-27 天津蹊径动力技术有限公司 Radial permanent magnet linear motor type electromagnetic valve driving system
CN108798820B (en) * 2018-06-01 2020-08-11 南京理工大学 Seating buffer type electromagnetic fully-variable valve system applied to internal combustion engine

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