CN110656927B - Fracture image measuring method based on borehole television - Google Patents
Fracture image measuring method based on borehole television Download PDFInfo
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- CN110656927B CN110656927B CN201910789725.6A CN201910789725A CN110656927B CN 110656927 B CN110656927 B CN 110656927B CN 201910789725 A CN201910789725 A CN 201910789725A CN 110656927 B CN110656927 B CN 110656927B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fracture image measuring method based on a borehole television, which comprises the steps of continuously shooting along a borehole by the borehole television, arranging an iron ring I and an iron ring II at the lower part of a rotary camera module of the borehole television, and obtaining the proportional relation between the actual length of the iron ring II and the image size in a picture through the distance between the rotary camera module and the iron ring II and the actual width of the iron ring II; the distance between the rotary camera module and the crack of the hole wall is obtained according to the descending distance of the rotary camera module and the geometric relation of the reference protection net, the actual length represented by the image with the single size in the picture is in direct proportion to the distance between the object and the rotary camera module, and therefore the proportional relation between the actual length of the hole wall and the image size can be known; and finally, calculating the hole wall crack in a video according to the proportional relation, and finally obtaining the length and the width of the crack. Therefore, the invention has simple structure and convenient construction, and can quickly and accurately measure the size of the crack; in addition, the crack cannot be greatly influenced in the measuring process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring the size of a fracture, in particular to a fracture image measuring method based on a borehole television.
Background
The developed fractures in the rock stratum are channels for migration of various underground fluids, and underground water, petroleum, coal bed gas and the like stored in the rock stratum can be migrated through the fractures in the rock stratum. Factors for determining the permeability of the crack comprise the size of the crack, the crack degree, the change of crack channels, the tortuosity and the like, wherein the size of the crack is the most main factor influencing the permeability of the crack, so that the permeability of the crack can be evaluated by measuring the size of the crack.
At present, the size of a crack is directly probed mainly by two methods, namely drilling coring and geophysical logging; drilling and coring are to obtain a core through a construction drill hole and lift the core to the ground to measure the size of a fracture; geophysical logging analyzes the size of fractures by measuring physical parameters of the walls of a borehole in the borehole. However, in the two methods, drilling and coring can cause secondary damage to the rock core, and fracture expansion and even rock core crushing are caused; although geophysical logging does not have the defects, the geophysical logging has high construction cost, complicated data analysis and processing and multiple solution. Therefore, a method which does not cause great influence on the fracture, has a simple structure and is convenient to construct, and can quickly and accurately measure the size of the fracture is urgently needed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a fracture image measuring method based on a borehole television, which has the advantages of simple structure and convenient construction, and can quickly and accurately measure the size of a fracture; in addition, the crack cannot be greatly influenced in the measuring process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a fracture image measuring method based on a borehole television comprises a control module, a touch display screen, a lifting machine, a support, a rotary camera module and a reference protection net. The rotary camera module can rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal direction and 180 degrees in the vertical direction; the rotary camera module is fixedly connected with a connecting rope of the lifter, so that the lifter can drive the rotary camera module to ascend and descend in the vertical direction; the control module is respectively connected with the touch display screen, the hoister and the rotary camera module through data lines; according to the protecting wire net include hoop I and hoop II, hoop I and II the same and the homolevel setting of hoop II structure, hoop I is in hoop II directly over, through bracing piece fixed connection between hoop I and the hoop II, hoop I passes through the connecting rod to be fixed in rotatory camera module below, makes rotatory camera module be in the centre of a circle of hoop I, and rotatory camera module and hoop I are in same horizontal plane. The specific measurement process is as follows:
A. drilling construction: constructing a drill hole in a region to be detected, wherein the drill hole is only provided with an orifice pipe at an orifice and is not internally provided with a sleeve;
B. assembling a drilling television: after the elevator, the support, the rotary camera module and the reference protecting net are assembled, the rotary camera module and the reference protecting net are inserted into the hole opening of the drill hole;
C. image observation: the working personnel send out a control signal through the touch display screen, and after the control signal is transmitted to the control module for analysis and processing, the control module controls the rotary camera module to rotate so that the shooting direction of the rotary camera module is vertically downward along the drill hole; then, sending an instruction through the touch display screen, enabling the control module to control the elevator to work, moving the rotary camera module and the reference protective net to the bottom of the drill hole at a set speed, feeding a shot picture back to the touch display screen for displaying from an orifice in real time by the rotary camera module, stopping observation when the rotary camera module reaches the bottom of the drill hole, and storing the image of the whole observation process;
D. measuring the proportional relation between the actual length of the hole wall and the size of the image in the picture: in the process of observing by the drilling television, a worker randomly selects a position point in a displayed image of the hole wall of the drill hole as a reference point, and the drilling television continuously moves towards the hole bottom of the drill hole for observation; when the datum point is blocked by the hoop II and cannot be displayed on the touch display screen, recording the position of the rotary camera module at the moment, sending an instruction to enable the shooting direction of the rotary camera module to rotate towards the position of the datum point until the datum point reaches the horizontal direction and stops, and displaying the datum point on the touch display screen again at the moment; continuing moving and observing towards the bottom of the hole until the reference point is shielded by the hoop I and cannot be displayed on the touch display screen, recording the position of the rotary camera module, obtaining the descending distance of the rotary camera module in the period of time, and finally restoring the shooting direction of the rotary camera module to be vertically downward; knowing the distance between the rotary camera module and the iron ring II and the actual width of the iron ring II, the proportional relation between the actual length of the iron ring II and the image size in the picture can be obtained; the distance between the rotary camera module and the crack of the hole wall is obtained according to the descending distance of the rotary camera module and the geometric relation of the reference protection net, the actual length represented by the image with the single size in the picture is in direct proportion to the distance between the object and the rotary camera module, and therefore the proportional relation between the actual length of the hole wall and the image size can be known;
E. data processing of the observation image: c, transmitting the observation image stored in the step C to a computer for playing, intercepting the image when the crack appears in the picture, and measuring the pixel quantity a occupied by the crack width, the pixel quantity b occupied by the crack length and the pixel quantity C occupied by the iron ring II width in the image by adopting an image processing program;
F. the length and width of the fracture are calculated as follows:
according to the geometric relation of the reference protective net, the distance L between the rotary camera module and the hole wall crack2:
H is the descending distance of the rotary camera module from the shielding of the iron ring II to the shielding of the iron ring I between the rotary camera module and the hole wall crack; theta is an included angle between the connecting line of the rotary camera module and the iron ring II and the vertical direction;
according to the imaging principle, the width e of the hole wall of a part shielded by the iron ring I is as follows:
wherein d is the iron wire diameter for manufacturing the iron ring I and the iron ring II; l is1The distance between the rotary camera module and the iron ring II is set;
according to the proportional relation between the actual length and the image size, the calculation formula of the fracture width m is as follows:
according to the proportional relation between the actual length and the image size, the calculation formula of the fracture length n is as follows:
compared with the prior art, the drilling television is adopted for continuously shooting along the drilling hole, the iron ring I and the iron ring II are arranged at the lower part of the rotary camera module of the drilling television, and the proportional relation between the actual length of the iron ring II and the image size in the picture can be obtained through the distance between the rotary camera module and the iron ring II and the actual width of the iron ring II; the distance between the rotary camera module and the crack of the hole wall is obtained according to the descending distance of the rotary camera module and the geometric relation of the reference protection net, the actual length represented by the image with the single size in the picture is in direct proportion to the distance between the object and the rotary camera module, and therefore the proportional relation between the actual length of the hole wall and the image size can be known; and finally, calculating the hole wall crack in a video according to the proportional relation, and finally obtaining the length and the width of the crack. Therefore, the invention has simple structure and convenient construction, and can quickly and accurately measure the size of the crack; in addition, the crack cannot be greatly influenced in the measuring process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a borehole television according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotating camera module in a vertical shooting direction and a crack between the rotating camera module and the crack are shielded by an iron ring II in the using process of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the gap between the rotating camera module in the horizontal shooting direction and the crack when the rotating camera module is shielded by the iron ring i in the use process of the invention.
In the figure: 1-rotating the camera module; 2-a connecting rod; 3-iron ring I; 4-iron ring II; 5, drilling; 6-crack.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in the figure, the borehole television adopted by the invention comprises a control module, a touch display screen, a lifter, a bracket, a rotary camera module 1 and a reference protective net. The rotary camera module 1 can rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal direction and 180 degrees in the vertical direction; the rotary camera module 1 is fixedly connected with a connecting rope of a lifter, so that the lifter can drive the rotary camera module 1 to ascend and descend in the vertical direction; the control module is respectively connected with the touch display screen, the hoister and the rotary camera module 1 through data lines; refer to the protecting wire net and include hoop I3 and hoop II 4, hoop I3 and hoop II 4 the same and the homolevel setting of hoop structure, hoop I3 is in hoop II 4 directly over, through bracing piece fixed connection between hoop I3 and the hoop II 4, hoop I3 passes through connecting rod 2 to be fixed in 1 below rotatory camera module, makes rotatory camera module 1 be in the centre of a circle of hoop I3, and rotatory camera module 1 is in same horizontal plane with hoop I3. The specific measurement process is as follows:
A. and (5) drilling construction: constructing a drill hole 5 in a region to be detected, wherein the drill hole 5 is only provided with an orifice pipe at an orifice, and a sleeve is not arranged inside the drill hole 5;
B. assembling a drilling television: after the elevator, the support, the rotary camera module 1 and the reference protecting net are assembled, the rotary camera module 1 and the reference protecting net extend into an orifice of the drill hole 5;
C. image observation: the working personnel send out a control signal through the touch display screen, after the control signal is transmitted to the control module for analysis and processing, the control module controls the rotary camera module 1 to rotate, so that the shooting direction of the rotary camera module is vertically downward along the drill hole 5; then, sending an instruction through a touch display screen, enabling a control module to control a hoist to work, moving the rotary camera module 1 and the reference protective net to the bottom of the drill hole 5 at a set speed, feeding a shot picture back to the touch display screen for displaying from an orifice in real time by the rotary camera module 1, stopping observation when the rotary camera module 1 reaches the bottom of the hole, and storing the image of the whole observation process;
D. measuring the proportional relation between the actual length of the hole wall and the size of the image in the picture: in the process of observing by the drilling television, a worker randomly selects a position point in a displayed image of the hole wall of the drill hole as a reference point, and the drilling television continuously moves towards the hole bottom of the drill hole for observation; when the reference point is shielded by the iron ring II 4 and cannot be displayed on the touch display screen, recording the position of the rotary camera module 1 at the moment, sending an instruction to enable the shooting direction of the rotary camera module 1 to rotate towards the position of the reference point until the reference point is in the horizontal direction, and then displaying the reference point on the touch display screen again; continuing moving and observing towards the bottom of the hole until the reference point is shielded by the iron ring I3 and can not be displayed on the touch display screen, recording the position of the rotary camera module 1, obtaining the descending distance of the rotary camera module 1 in the period of time, and finally, restoring the shooting direction of the rotary camera module 1 to be vertical downward; knowing the distance between the rotary camera module 1 and the iron ring II 4 and the actual width of the iron ring II 4, the proportional relation between the actual length of the iron ring II 4 and the image size in the picture can be obtained; the distance between the rotary camera module 1 and the hole wall fracture 6 is obtained according to the descending distance of the rotary camera module 1 and the geometric relation of the reference protection net, the actual length represented by the image with the single size in the picture is in direct proportion to the distance between the object and the rotary camera module, and therefore the proportional relation between the actual length of the hole wall and the image size can be known;
E. data processing of the observation image: c, transmitting the observation image stored in the step C to a computer for playing, intercepting the image when the crack 6 appears in the picture, and measuring the pixel quantity a occupied by the width of the crack 6, the pixel quantity b occupied by the length of the crack 6 and the pixel quantity C occupied by the width of the iron ring II in the image by adopting an image processing program;
F. the length and width of the fracture are calculated as follows:
according to the geometric relation of the reference protecting net, the distance L between the rotary camera module and the hole wall crack 62:
In the formula, h is the descending distance of the rotary camera module 1 from the shielding of the iron ring II 4 to the shielding of the iron ring I3 between the rotary camera module and the hole wall crack 6; theta is an included angle between the connecting line of the rotary camera module 1 and the iron ring II 4 and the vertical direction;
according to the imaging principle, the width e of a part of the hole wall shielded by the iron ring I3 is as follows:
in the formula, d is the iron wire diameter for manufacturing the iron ring I3 and the iron ring II 4; l is1The distance between the rotary camera module and the iron ring II 4 is set;
according to the proportional relation between the actual length and the image size, the calculation formula of the width m of the crack 6 is as follows:
according to the proportional relation between the actual length and the image size, the calculation formula of the crack 6 length n is as follows:
Claims (1)
1. a fracture image measuring method based on a borehole television is characterized by comprising the following steps: the adopted borehole television comprises a control module, a touch display screen, a lifter, a support, a rotary camera module and a reference protecting net; the rotary camera module can rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal direction and 180 degrees in the vertical direction; the rotary camera module is fixedly connected with a connecting rope of the lifter, so that the lifter can drive the rotary camera module to ascend and descend in the vertical direction; the control module is respectively connected with the touch display screen, the hoister and the rotary camera module through data lines; the reference protecting net comprises an iron ring I and an iron ring II, the iron ring I and the iron ring II are identical in structure and are arranged horizontally, the iron ring I is located right above the iron ring II, the iron ring I and the iron ring II are fixedly connected through a supporting rod, the iron ring I is fixed at the lower end of the rotary camera module through a connecting rod, the rotary camera module is located in the center of the iron ring I, and the horizontal shooting direction of the rotary camera module and the iron ring I are located on the same horizontal plane; the specific measurement process is as follows:
A. drilling construction: constructing a drill hole in a region to be detected, wherein the drill hole is only provided with an orifice pipe at an orifice and is not internally provided with a sleeve;
B. assembling a drilling television: after the elevator, the support, the rotary camera module and the reference protecting net are assembled, the rotary camera module and the reference protecting net are inserted into the hole opening of the drill hole;
C. image observation: the working personnel send out a control signal through the touch display screen, and after the control signal is transmitted to the control module for analysis and processing, the control module controls the rotary camera module to rotate so that the shooting direction of the rotary camera module is vertically downward along the drill hole; then, sending an instruction through the touch display screen, enabling the control module to control the elevator to work, moving the rotary camera module and the reference protective net to the bottom of the drill hole at a set speed, feeding a shot picture back to the touch display screen for displaying from an orifice in real time by the rotary camera module, stopping observation when the rotary camera module reaches the bottom of the drill hole, and storing the image of the whole observation process;
D. measuring the proportional relation between the actual length of the hole wall and the size of the image in the picture: in the process of observing by the drilling television, a worker randomly selects a position point in a displayed image of the hole wall of the drill hole as a reference point, and the drilling television continuously moves towards the hole bottom of the drill hole for observation; when the datum point is blocked by the hoop II and cannot be displayed on the touch display screen, recording the position of the rotary camera module at the moment, sending an instruction to enable the shooting direction of the rotary camera module to rotate towards the position of the datum point until the datum point reaches the horizontal direction and stops, and displaying the datum point on the touch display screen again at the moment; continuing moving and observing towards the bottom of the hole until the reference point is shielded by the hoop I and cannot be displayed on the touch display screen, recording the position of the rotary camera module, obtaining the descending distance of the rotary camera module in the period of time, and finally restoring the shooting direction of the rotary camera module to be vertically downward; knowing the distance between the rotary camera module and the iron ring II and the actual width of the iron ring II, the proportional relation between the actual width of the iron ring II and the image size in the picture can be obtained; the distance between the rotary camera module and the hole wall crack is obtained according to the descending distance of the rotary camera module and the geometric relation of the reference protection net, the actual length represented by the image with the single size in the picture is in direct proportion to the distance between the object and the rotary camera module, and therefore the proportional relation between the actual length of the hole wall crack and the image size can be known;
E. data processing of the observation image: c, transmitting the observation image stored in the step C to a computer for playing, intercepting the image when the crack appears in the picture, and measuring the pixel quantity a occupied by the crack width, the pixel quantity b occupied by the crack length and the pixel quantity C occupied by the iron ring II width in the image by adopting an image processing program;
F. the length and width of the fracture are calculated as follows:
according to the geometric relation of the reference protective net, the distance L between the rotary camera module and the hole wall crack2:
H is the descending distance of the rotary camera module from the shielding of the iron ring II to the shielding of the iron ring I between the rotary camera module and the hole wall crack; theta is an included angle between the connecting line of the rotary camera module and the iron ring II and the vertical direction;
according to the imaging principle, the width e of the hole wall of a part shielded by the iron ring I is as follows:
wherein d is the iron wire diameter for manufacturing the iron ring I and the iron ring II; l is1The distance between the rotary camera module and the iron ring II is set;
according to the proportional relation between the actual length and the image size, the calculation formula of the fracture width m is as follows:
according to the proportional relation between the actual length and the image size, the calculation formula of the fracture length n is as follows:
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