CN110655962A - Method for converting coal into gas - Google Patents
Method for converting coal into gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN110655962A CN110655962A CN201911116230.3A CN201911116230A CN110655962A CN 110655962 A CN110655962 A CN 110655962A CN 201911116230 A CN201911116230 A CN 201911116230A CN 110655962 A CN110655962 A CN 110655962A
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- gas
- reactor
- coal
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- superfine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of high-efficiency utilization of coal resources converted into combustible gas, and provides a method for converting coal into gas; a method for converting coal to gas, comprising the steps of: introducing high temperature hydrogen and ultra fine coal fines into a first reactor, thermally pulverizing and devolatilizing the ultra fine coal fines in a high temperature environment, separating methane and a char stream from the product of the first reactor, purifying the methane rich gas, introducing the char stream into a second reactor and reacting with oxygen and steam at high temperature to form a syngas, removing char residue, and catalytically reacting the treated syngas with steam, wherein CO reacts with steam to produce H2To H2The method comprises the steps of treating, removing acid gas in the synthesis gas, adding the synthesis gas into a first reactor to enable superfine coal powder added into the first reactor to be directly methanated, and reacting the superfine coal powder with high-purity hydrogen in a high-temperature environment to efficiently produce the available clean fuel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of efficient utilization of coal resources converted into combustible gas, and provides a method for converting coal into gas.
Background
The direct combustion of coal can cause serious environmental problems, such as the generation of harmful gases like sulfur dioxide and sulfur monoxide, and the accumulation of a large amount of harmful gases at high altitude can cause the formation of acid rain, thereby seriously harming the health of buildings, crops and human beings. The direct combustion method cannot fully utilize coal resources, furnace smoke takes away a large amount of heat, furnace slag still contains carbon which is not fully combusted, and the problems cannot be solved economically and effectively at present. The gasification process of coal only generates a small amount of carbon dioxide and water, most of coal is converted into combustible gas, the utilization efficiency of coal is greatly improved, gas and air are in easy and sufficient mixing contact, more sufficient combustion can provide heat efficiency, and the coal gasification furnace is efficient and environment-friendly.
At present, the conventional physical method is used for converting coal into gas, the process is backward, environmental protection facilities are not sound, the utilization efficiency of coal is low, pollution is serious, and in order to meet the increasing demand of clean fuel, the development of a technology for converting coal into gas, which can efficiently utilize energy, is environment-friendly, saves energy and has low cost, is imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for converting coal into gas, which aims to efficiently produce available clean fuel by reacting superfine coal powder with high-purity hydrogen in a high-temperature environment.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a method of converting coal to gas, characterized by: comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing high-temperature hydrogen and superfine coal powder into a first reactor, heating the first reactor to keep the first reactor at a high temperature, wherein the product in the first reactor has H under the high-temperature environment2、CO、N2、CO2、H2S、H2O, submicron coke particles and a hydrocarbon-rich gas, the ultra-fine coal powder being thermally pulverized and devolatilized, wherein the resulting submicron coke particles are exothermically reacted with hydrogen;
(2) the gas is then treated from the product in the first reactor to remove C02And H2S, further treating the discharged acid gas to convert sulfur into an elemental form; passing the product of the first reactor through a filter and separator to separate submicron coke particles and a hydrocarbon-rich gas from the submicron coke particlesCarrying out coke flow treatment on the coke particles, separating methane from the gas rich in hydrocarbon, purifying the methane, and drying the methane to obtain fuel gas;
(3) introducing the char stream separated in the first reactor into a second reactor and reacting with oxygen and steam at elevated temperature to form a synthesis gas, removing char-containing residue from the synthesis gas, and finally catalytically reacting the synthesis gas and steam, wherein the CO exothermically reacts with the steam to produce H2To H2And (3) treating, removing acid gas in the final synthesis gas, and adding the final synthesis gas into the first reactor at a high temperature to enable the superfine coal powder added into the first reactor to be directly methanated.
Preferably, the superfine coal powder is superfine coal powder with the diameter of less than or equal to 4 microns, and the submicron coke particles are less than or equal to 1/100 microns.
Preferably, the synthesis gas in the second reactor contains H2、CO、N2、CO2And H2O, the final synthesis gas produced as the source of hydrogen for use in the first reactor.
Preferably, the high temperature of the first reactor is 700 ℃ ~ 1200 ℃.
Preferably, the heating of the first reactor is rapidly heated by an electric induction coil or high temperature hydrogen is introduced.
Preferably, the high temperature gas is hydrogen at 100 ℃.
Preferably, the inorganic material including pyritic sulfur in the ultra fine pulverized coal is previously removed before the ultra fine pulverized coal is introduced.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the amount of directly generated methane is maximized by carrying out exothermic reaction on the superfine coal powder and hydrogen, so that compared with the traditional process, the method improves the thermal efficiency of the superfine coal powder;
(2) the high reactivity of the ultra-fine coal fines and sub-micron coke particles, the operating pressure of the system can be lower than that required for alternative gasification processes;
(3) any type of coal can be used, sulfur with higher content in the superfine coal particles is fully contacted with the waste gas in the reactor, gas purification is greatly promoted, the sulfur is converted into an element form, and the discharge of pollutants is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the conversion of coal to gas.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for converting coal into gas, fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method, and specifically comprises the following steps: introducing high-temperature hydrogen and superfine coal powder into a first reactor, heating the first reactor to keep the first reactor at a high temperature, wherein the product in the first reactor has H under the high-temperature environment2、CO、N2、CO2、H2S、H2O, submicron coke particles and a hydrocarbon-rich gas, the ultra-fine coal powder being thermally pulverized and devolatilized, wherein the resulting submicron coke particles are exothermically reacted with hydrogen; the gas is then treated from the product in the first reactor to remove C02And H2S, further treating the discharged acid gas to convert sulfur into an elemental form; separating the submicron coke particles and the hydrocarbon-rich gas from the product in the first reactor through a filter and a separator, performing coke flow treatment on the submicron coke particles, separating methane from the hydrocarbon-rich gas, purifying the methane, and drying the methane to obtain fuel gas; introducing the char stream separated in the first reactor into a second reactor and reacting with oxygen and steam at elevated temperature to form a synthesis gas, removing char-containing residue from the synthesis gas, and finally catalytically reacting the synthesis gas and steam, wherein the CO exothermically reacts with the steam to produce H2To H2And (3) treating, removing acid gas in the final synthesis gas, and adding the final synthesis gas into the first reactor at a high temperature to enable the superfine coal powder added into the first reactor to be directly methanated.
Example 2
A method for converting coal to gas, comprising the steps of: removing inorganic materials including pyritic sulfur in the superfine coal powder in advance before introducing the superfine coal powder, introducing high-temperature hydrogen and the superfine coal powder into a first reactor, and rapidly heating by an electric induction coil to keep the first reactor at a high temperatureThe product in the first reactor has H under the environment of high temperature of 700 ℃ ~ 1200 ℃ and 1200 DEG C2、CO、N2、CO2、H2S、H2O, submicron coke particles and a gas rich in hydrocarbon, wherein the superfine coal powder is the superfine coal powder with the diameter of less than or equal to 4 microns, the submicron coke particles are less than or equal to 1/100 microns, the superfine coal powder is subjected to thermal crushing and devolatilization, and the generated submicron coke particles and hydrogen gas are subjected to an exothermic reaction; the gas is then treated from the product in the first reactor to remove C02And H2S, further treating the discharged acid gas to convert sulfur into an elemental form; separating the submicron coke particles and the hydrocarbon-rich gas from the product in the first reactor through a filter and a separator, performing coke flow treatment on the submicron coke particles, separating methane from the hydrocarbon-rich gas, purifying the methane, and drying the methane to obtain fuel gas; the char stream separated in the first reactor is introduced into a second reactor and reacted with oxygen and steam at elevated temperature to form a synthesis gas containing H2、CO、N2、CO2And H2O, removal of char-containing residues from the synthesis gas, catalytic reaction of the final synthesis gas with steam, wherein the CO reacts exothermically with steam to produce H2To H2And (3) processing, wherein the generated final synthesis gas is used as a hydrogen source in the first reactor, acid gas in the final synthesis gas is removed, and the final synthesis gas is added into the first reactor at a high temperature so as to enable the superfine coal powder added into the first reactor to be directly methanated.
Example 3
The rapid heating of the ultra fine coal powder is accompanied by simultaneous devolatilization, reducing the size of the coal powder to less than 1/100 microns, and forming active methanation, which reacts with water to produce methane, the methane forming reaction is exothermic once initiated, the reaction self-sustains as the heat generated exceeds the heat required to rapidly heat the feed mixture for the reaction, the excess heat is removed from the feed system by the heat removal system.
The gaseous effluent stream exiting the hydro-gasifier at an elevated temperature is passed through a filter and separator system to provide a separate stream consisting of a methane-rich gas stream and sub-micron carbon (carbon) particles. The methane rich gas is further treated in one of a variety of gas purification processes for the removal of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide to convert the sulfur to its elemental form, reducing pollution, and the system tail gas can be further treated to achieve a higher degree of sulfur removal. The purified methane-rich gas is dried by a gas dryer to control the calorific value of the product gas and reduce toxic gases, and a cryogenic separation process may be used to vent hydrogen through a pipeline and carbon monoxide through a pipeline. The hydrogen recovered at low temperature from the pipeline gas stream is recycled and used to pressurize the ultra-fine coal feed and the carbon monoxide recovered at low temperature is used in the process for producing hydrogen.
The sub-micron coke leaving the first reactor is used to produce the hydrogen required for direct methanation, the coke separated from the effluent gas is fed to a coker gasifier reactor and reacted with steam at elevated temperature to form hydrogen, the reaction is endothermic, and the required heat is provided by the exothermic reaction between a portion of the coke and oxygen to form carbon dioxide. At the operating temperature and pressure in the reactor, further reactions result in the formation of carbon monoxide, which reactions occur between the reaction of carbon dioxide and a portion of the coke.
The waste gas in the second reactor is separated into a small amount of coke and a synthesis gas flow to form a residue, the synthesis gas is mixed with carbon monoxide and carbon monoxide from a low-temperature separation system, and after flowing through a pipeline, the synthesis gas flow is catalytically reacted with steam in the second reactor to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and the reaction releases heat. The hydrogen-containing gas is then treated at 20 ℃ to remove acid gases, and relatively pure hydrogen is piped to a hydrogen addition unit for methanation of the ultrafine coal feedstock.
Claims (7)
1. A method of converting coal to gas, characterized by: comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing high-temperature hydrogen and superfine coal powder into a first reactor, heating the first reactor to keep the first reactor at a high temperature, wherein the product in the first reactor has H under the high-temperature environment2、CO、N2、CO2、H2S、H2O, submicron coke particles and a hydrocarbon-rich gas, the ultra-fine coal powder being thermally pulverized and devolatilized, wherein the resulting submicron coke particles are exothermically reacted with hydrogen;
(2) the gas is then treated from the product in the first reactor to remove C02And H2S, further treating the discharged acid gas to convert sulfur into an elemental form; separating the submicron coke particles and the hydrocarbon-rich gas from the product in the first reactor through a filter and a separator, performing coke flow treatment on the submicron coke particles, separating methane from the hydrocarbon-rich gas, purifying the methane, and drying the methane to obtain fuel gas;
(3) introducing the char stream separated in the first reactor into a second reactor and reacting with oxygen and steam at elevated temperature to form a synthesis gas, removing char-containing residue from the synthesis gas, and finally catalytically reacting the synthesis gas and steam, wherein CO is released from the steamThermal reaction to produce H2To H2And (3) treating, removing acid gas in the final synthesis gas, and adding the final synthesis gas into the first reactor at a high temperature to enable the superfine coal powder added into the first reactor to be directly methanated.
2. The method of converting coal into gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the superfine coal powder is the superfine coal powder with the diameter of less than or equal to 4 microns, and the submicron coke particles are less than or equal to 1/100 microns.
3. The method of converting coal into gas as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the synthesis gas in the second reactor contains H2、CO、N2、CO2And H2O, the final synthesis gas produced as the source of hydrogen for use in the first reactor.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first reactor has an elevated temperature of 700 ℃ ~ 1200 ℃ at a temperature of 1200 ℃.
5. The method of converting coal into gas as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the heating of the first reactor is carried out by electric induction coils for rapid heating or by introducing high temperature hydrogen.
6. The method of converting coal into gas as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the high-temperature gas is hydrogen at 100 ℃.
7. The method of converting coal into gas as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the inorganic material containing the pyritic sulfur in the superfine coal powder is removed in advance before the superfine coal powder is introduced.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911116230.3A CN110655962A (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Method for converting coal into gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911116230.3A CN110655962A (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Method for converting coal into gas |
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| CN110655962A true CN110655962A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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| CN201911116230.3A Withdrawn CN110655962A (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Method for converting coal into gas |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114806659A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Electrochemical synthesizer and method for preparing methane from coal |
| CN116234782A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2023-06-06 | 赛峰集团陶瓷 | Method for recovering carbonaceous byproducts |
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2019
- 2019-11-15 CN CN201911116230.3A patent/CN110655962A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116234782A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2023-06-06 | 赛峰集团陶瓷 | Method for recovering carbonaceous byproducts |
| CN114806659A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Electrochemical synthesizer and method for preparing methane from coal |
| CN114806659B (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2023-08-08 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Electrochemical synthesizer and method for preparing methane from coal |
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Application publication date: 20200107 |
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