CN110655421A - Preparation method of asparagus straw organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method of asparagus straw organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110655421A CN110655421A CN201911068498.4A CN201911068498A CN110655421A CN 110655421 A CN110655421 A CN 110655421A CN 201911068498 A CN201911068498 A CN 201911068498A CN 110655421 A CN110655421 A CN 110655421A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
A preparation method of asparagus straw organic fertilizer by composite microbial fermentation comprises the steps of crushing straws, adjusting moisture of straw raw materials, spraying composite microbial liquid, uniformly stirring the straw raw materials, stacking the raw materials to be about 1 m high, covering a film, fermenting and the like, wherein the used composite microbial liquid is a yellow powder mixed by commercial composite bacillus, saccharomycetes, an enzyme preparation, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, wherein each gram of the commercial composite bacillus, the number of viable bacteria of which is 150 hundred million, and the composite microbial liquid is activated into a bacterial liquid for use. The invention collects straws, crushes straw raw materials, composts and ferments in the asparagus planting field, the finished organic fertilizer is returned to the field for use in the area, the invention has the advantages of short fermentation period, no need of adding livestock and poultry manure, no need of turning and throwing material piles in the fermentation process, and the quality index of the finished asparagus straw organic fertilizer reaches the NY525-2012 standard, thus being suitable for popularization and application in rural areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an agricultural organic fertilizer, in particular to a preparation method of an asparagus straw organic fertilizer.
Technical Field
Asparagus is one of the characteristic agricultural products in China. But the quantity of straw waste generated in the asparagus planting is large (can reach more than 2 tons per mu), and in addition, the problems of straw collection and treatment are caused because the asparagus planting is mainly carried out in a greenhouse.
In the asparagus planting area, the asparagus straws are generally transported to a nearby organic fertilizer plant or a nearby waste incineration plant for treatment and utilization. But the collection, transportation and treatment costs of the straws are high, so that the ideal effect is difficult to achieve in practice.
And the compost is used for farmyard manure self-treated by farmers, but the practical problems of large quantity and difficult treatment of asparagus straws are difficult to solve due to the limitation of production modes and technologies.
Aiming at the current situation of asparagus planting industry and asparagus straw waste, the asparagus straw is scientifically and effectively utilized to produce the organic fertilizer, so that the resources can be utilized in large quantity, waste materials are changed into valuable materials, and the environment protection and the benign development of the asparagus planting industry are promoted.
In recent years, researches on asparagus straw fermentation organic fertilizers are few, most methods for producing organic fertilizers by using asparagus straws do not adopt a comprehensive scheme combining a composite microbial fermentation technology and a current planting situation, and the effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of an asparagus straw organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that straws are collected, straw raw materials are crushed, and compost fermentation is carried out on an asparagus planting site, and a finished product organic fertilizer is returned to the field for use in a region. The asparagus straw organic fertilizer prepared by adopting the commercial microbial composite inoculant has the advantages of short fermentation period, no need of adding livestock and poultry manure, no need of turning and throwing material piles in the fermentation process, and quality indexes of the finished asparagus straw organic fertilizer all reach the relevant standards of NY 525-2012. Meanwhile, the method for organizing and producing the organic fertilizer according to the asparagus planting condition guarantees the effectiveness and the advancement of the technical scheme of the invention, and is suitable for popularization and application in rural areas.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of asparagus straw organic fertilizer by composite microbial fermentation is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of collecting straws, crushing straw raw materials and composting fermentation in an asparagus planting field, and returning finished organic fertilizer to fields in regions for use, and comprises the following steps:
1) collecting straws on the asparagus planting field, and crushing the straws: the asparagus straws are crushed before fermentation, and the length of crushed stems is 2-6 centimeters;
2) adjusting water content of the straw raw material and spraying a compound microbial liquid:
the step of adjusting the moisture content of the straw refers to adjusting the moisture content of the raw material to 45-65% by weight;
the compound microbial agent is yellow powder mixed by commercial compound bacillus, saccharomycetes, an enzyme preparation, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, wherein each gram of the compound microbial agent contains 150 hundred million viable bacteria, the compound microbial agent is used after being activated into bacterial liquid, and 1 kilogram of the compound microbial agent is used for fermenting asparagus straws by 5-8 tons;
the method for activating the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps: adding 1 kg of compound microbial agent into 20 kg of oxidized clear water, fully stirring, standing for one hour, and using, for example, when the environmental temperature is lower than 5 ℃, using clear water with the water temperature of about 15 ℃ to activate the microbial agent, and using within 24 hours after activation;
3) after the straw raw materials are uniformly stirred, the raw materials are stacked to a height of about 1 meter and covered with a film;
4) fermentation: the fermentation environment temperature is 15-30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 30-50 days.
The length of the crushed stalks is 2-3 cm, and the stalks are in a tearing state.
The water content of the asparagus straw raw material is 50-55% by weight.
The fermentation environment temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 30-40 days.
The fermentation environment temperature is 20-25 ℃, and the fermentation time is 30-35 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method has the advantages of simple and practical process, low production cost, obvious microbial inoculum effect in the fermentation process, and effective killing of harmful substances such as worm eggs and the like in the straws and quick decomposition effect, and the temperature of the material pile can reach more than 60 ℃ after being raised for about 5 days.
2. The invention adopts asparagus straws to prepare the organic fertilizer, and does not need to add livestock and poultry manure and other materials. The material pile does not need to be turned over in the fermentation process, so that the field and the labor are saved. And no environmental pollution phenomena such as sewage, peculiar smell and the like occur on the material pile site.
3. The asparagus straw organic fertilizer prepared by the method is completely fermented, has dark colors and sour fragrance, has the total fertility (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) of more than 5 percent, organic matters of more than 70 percent and a pH value of less than 8, and has no detected elements such as arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium and the like.
4. The invention also relates to a method for producing the organic fertilizer aiming at the asparagus planting condition tissue, which ensures the effectiveness and the advancement of the technical scheme of the invention. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the situation of asparagus planting, the method is implemented by a scheme of 'collecting straws on site, treating and utilizing' namely, arranging straw treatment points in an asparagus planting area, and collecting, treating and processing the straws.
(2) Aiming at the distribution situation of the asparagus planting area, the fermented organic fertilizer can be collected and stored in different points, and the fermented organic fertilizer is processed at the straw collecting point in a mobile operation mode of processing equipment.
(3) The finished product of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer is used in the field.
The compound microbial agent is prepared from commercial microorganisms, the fermentation process is simple, the straw crushing equipment is a common crusher which is used in a production field after being improved, and the compound microbial agent has the characteristics of small size, flexibility, stable performance and convenience in operation and maintenance, and is suitable for the field production requirements.
The production and treatment mode of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer by 'on-site treatment and utilization' meets the requirements of growers, the yield planning and planning can be large and small according to the requirements, the maneuverability is strong, the project investment is low, the effect is good, the treatment cost is low, and more labor and cost can be saved in the aspects of straw collection and transportation.
The preparation method of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer has effective, feasible, generalizable and reproducible application value through batch practice.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. It should be noted that, on the premise of not departing from the concept of the invention, a plurality of changes and improvements can be made, and the technical scheme and the method for organizing and producing the organic fertilizer are also suitable for application and implementation of other agricultural and forestry straw organic fertilizer projects. These are all the protection scope of the present invention.
The straws in the implementation are waste asparagus straws. The compound microbial agent adopted in the implementation is a microbial agent prepared by mixing commercial compound bacillus, saccharomycetes, an enzyme preparation, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, wherein each gram of the microbial agent contains 150 hundred million viable bacteria.
Example 1
The method for fermenting the asparagus straw organic fertilizer by the compound microorganisms comprises the following steps of collecting straws, crushing straw raw materials and composting and fermenting in an asparagus planting field, and returning a finished product organic fertilizer to a field in a region for use, wherein the method mainly comprises the following steps:
selecting 60 kilograms of asparagus straws with the crushing length of 2-3 centimeters and torn stalks, and 10 grams of compound microbial inoculum, wherein the microbial inoculum is yellow powder prepared by mixing compound bacillus containing 150 billion live bacteria, saccharomycetes, an enzyme preparation, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum per gram, the microbial inoculum needs to be activated into bacterial liquid and then is uniformly sprayed in the straw raw materials, meanwhile, the moisture weight content of the straw raw materials is adjusted to 55 percent (in the field operation, the straw raw materials are in a state of wet hand feeling and no water drop extrusion), stirring uniformly, stacking (the stacking height is about 1 meter) at the ambient temperature of 20-25 ℃, covering with a film for fermentation, and obtaining the finished asparagus straw organic fertilizer after 30 days.
Example 1 effect: the asparagus straw organic fertilizer prepared by the method is thoroughly decomposed, the stems and the stalks are kneaded into powder, the color is dark and bright, the asparagus straw organic fertilizer has light sour and fragrant flavor, the total nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) is more than 5%, and the organic matter is more than 70%. The PH value is less than or equal to 8, and elements such as arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium and the like are not detected.
Example 2
This example is a comparative example of example 1, and is the same as example 1, except that the composite microbial agent is a microbial agent prepared by mixing commercial composite spore bacteria, yeast and enzyme preparations, wherein each gram of the commercial composite spore bacteria contains 150 billion viable bacteria.
Example 2 effects: the asparagus straw organic fertilizer prepared by the implementation method is thoroughly decomposed, the stems are slightly kneaded into powder, the color is dark, the color is light, the color is sour and fragrant, the total nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) is less than or equal to 5%, and the organic matter is more than 70%. The PH value is less than or equal to 8, and no element such as arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium and the like is detected.
Example 2 the effect demonstrates that: the total nutrient index of the example 2 is lower than the corresponding index of the example 1, and the microbial inoculum ratio of the example 1 is better than that of the example 2.
Example 3
The embodiment is the same as the embodiment 1, except that the dosage of the compound microbial agent is 8 g, and the dosage of the asparagus straw is 60 kg.
Example 3 effects: the organic fertilizer prepared from asparagus and straw has incomplete decomposition, about 10% of thick stems and stems are not rotten after slightly kneading, the color is dark and bright, the organic fertilizer has light sour flavor, the total nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) is less than or equal to 5%, and the organic matter is more than 70%. The PH value is less than or equal to 8, arsenic, lead and cadmium are not detected, and mercury and chromium are detected in a trace manner.
Example 3 the effect demonstrates that: the dosage of the compound microbial agent in the embodiment 3 is less, and the main indexes of the finished asparagus straw organic fertilizer are inferior to those in the embodiment 1.
Example 4
The present example is the same as example 1, except that the fermented asparagus straw is cut-off crushed with a length of 2-3 cm, and the stem is not torn.
Example 4 effects: the finished asparagus straw organic fertilizer is poor in fermentation and decomposition degree, the stems of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer are dry and hard in hand feeling, and about 20% of the screened stems cannot be decomposed.
Example 4 the effect demonstrates: the processing quality of the unripped asparagus straws results in poor fermentation and decomposition degree of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer.
Example 5
This example is the same as example 1, except that the moisture content of the asparagus straw raw material was adjusted to 45% by weight.
Example 5 effects: the finished asparagus straw organic fertilizer has poor fermentation and decomposition degree and dry and hard hand feeling, and about 30 percent of stems are not rotten after screening.
Example 5 the effect demonstrates that: the water content of the raw material of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer before fermentation is more than 45%.
Example 6
The present example is the same as example 1, except that the moisture content of the asparagus straw raw material was adjusted to 65% by weight.
Example 6 effects: the product is wet and sticky, has dark color, and has slight rancidity.
Example 6 the effect demonstrates: the water content of the raw material of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer before fermentation is less than 65 percent.
Example 7
The embodiment is the same as the embodiment 1, except that the environmental temperature of the organic fertilizer fermented by the asparagus straw raw material is 5-10 ℃.
Example 7 effects: the degree of decomposition is insufficient when the number of fermentation days of the asparagus straw raw material is 30 days, and the asparagus straw raw material is continuously fermented for 45 days to obtain the finished product of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer. The stems are slightly kneaded into powder, which is dark and light in color, has a light sour flavor, and contains more than 5% of total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and more than 70% of organic matter. The PH value is less than or equal to 8, and arsenic, mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium and the like are not detected.
Example 7 the effect demonstrates: when the environmental temperature of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer fermentation is low, the fermentation period is properly prolonged, otherwise, when the environmental temperature is high, the fermentation days can be properly reduced, but under the high-temperature environment, measures such as increasing ventilation and oxygen supply times of a material pile and supplementing water are adopted.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of asparagus straw organic fertilizer by composite microbial fermentation is characterized in that the method collects straws, crushes straw raw materials and composts and ferments in an asparagus planting field, and finished organic fertilizer is returned to field in an area for use, and comprises the following steps:
1) collecting straws on the asparagus planting field, and crushing the straws: the asparagus straws are crushed before fermentation, and the length of crushed stems is 2-6 centimeters;
2) adjusting water content of the straw raw material and spraying a compound microbial liquid:
the step of adjusting the moisture content of the straw refers to adjusting the moisture content of the raw material to 45-65% by weight;
the compound microbial agent is yellow powder mixed by commercial compound bacillus, saccharomycetes, an enzyme preparation, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, wherein each gram of the compound microbial agent contains 150 hundred million viable bacteria, the compound microbial agent is used after being activated into bacterial liquid, and 1 kilogram of the compound microbial agent is used for fermenting asparagus straws by 5-8 tons;
the method for activating the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps: adding 1 kg of compound microbial agent into 20 kg of oxidized clear water, fully stirring, standing for one hour, and using, for example, when the environmental temperature is lower than 5 ℃, using clear water with the water temperature of about 15 ℃ to activate the microbial agent, and using within 24 hours after activation;
3) after the straw raw materials are uniformly stirred, the raw materials are stacked to a height of about 1 meter and covered with a film;
4) fermentation: the fermentation environment temperature is 15-30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 30-50 days.
2. The preparation method of the compound microbial fermented asparagus straw organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crushed straws have a stalk length of 2-3 cm and are in a torn state.
3. The preparation method of the compound microbial fermented asparagus straw organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the asparagus straw raw material is 50-55% by weight.
4. The preparation method of the compound microorganism fermented asparagus straw organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermentation environment temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 30-40 days.
5. The preparation method of the asparagus straw organic fertilizer by compound microbial fermentation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fermentation environment temperature is 20-25 ℃, and the fermentation time is 30-35 days.
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| CN201911068498.4A CN110655421A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Preparation method of asparagus straw organic fertilizer |
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| CN201911068498.4A CN110655421A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Preparation method of asparagus straw organic fertilizer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766297A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-22 | 嘉兴市水月湾农业科技有限公司 | Watermelon potted plant planting method |
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| CN102212494A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-12 | 王颖 | Organic matter decomposing inoculant, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107567983A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-12 | 江西省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method that asparagus straws biological agent improves pepper seedling biomass |
| CN107778099A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 弥勒市四园农林发展有限公司 | Asparagus fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
| CN108990459A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-14 | 安徽农业大学 | Promote rotten method suitable for the direct returning to farmland along Huaihe River area rice stubble wheat straw |
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- 2019-11-05 CN CN201911068498.4A patent/CN110655421A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212494A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-12 | 王颖 | Organic matter decomposing inoculant, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107778099A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 弥勒市四园农林发展有限公司 | Asparagus fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
| CN107567983A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-12 | 江西省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method that asparagus straws biological agent improves pepper seedling biomass |
| CN108990459A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-14 | 安徽农业大学 | Promote rotten method suitable for the direct returning to farmland along Huaihe River area rice stubble wheat straw |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766297A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-22 | 嘉兴市水月湾农业科技有限公司 | Watermelon potted plant planting method |
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