CN110653453A - 5xxx aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment method - Google Patents
5xxx aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110653453A CN110653453A CN201910948439.XA CN201910948439A CN110653453A CN 110653453 A CN110653453 A CN 110653453A CN 201910948439 A CN201910948439 A CN 201910948439A CN 110653453 A CN110653453 A CN 110653453A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/042—Built-up welding on planar surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
- B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
- B23K9/287—Supporting devices for electrode holders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J11/00—Manipulators not otherwise provided for
- B25J11/005—Manipulators for mechanical processing tasks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention discloses a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment method, which comprises the following steps: s1: connecting a welding gun and a spray gun to two mechanical arms of a six-axis robot, and selecting the welding gun and the spray gun to work through the rotation of the robot arms; s2: controlling a welding gun to work through a robot, wherein the welding gun starts from a certain point of a substrate serving as an additive part, and an electric arc additive part is arranged on one layer; s3: after one layer of additive is added, the joint shaft of the welding robot rotates, the nozzle of the spray gun is aligned to the fixed point position of S1 of the deposition layer, the robot program is executed S1, S1 is executed, and meanwhile, the spray gun is opened to enable the spray gun to conduct sand blasting on the deposition layer which is obtained through additive manufacturing of S1; s4: repeating S1 after the grit blasting until the additive manufactured part is completed. By the method, oxides and black smoke generated in the arc additive process of the 5xxx aluminum alloy are effectively removed, and the tensile strength of the additive part is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment method.
Background
The principle of additive manufacturing is that slicing processing is carried out according to a CAD data model obtained on three-dimensional software, the three-dimensional model is converted into a two-dimensional section, the two-dimensional section is scanned layer by layer through a heat source, a needed solid part is formed by a layer-by-layer accumulation method, and layered manufacturing is a main manufacturing idea of additive manufacturing. Compared with the traditional material reduction manufacturing technology, the additive manufacturing technology belongs to a bottom-up manufacturing method and relates to the aspects of CAD technology, layered manufacturing technology, numerical control technology, reverse engineering technology, materials science, welding and the like.
In the prior art, CN109530851A discloses an electric arc additive manufacturing method for an aluminum alloy suspended structural member, which includes, firstly, preprocessing a region to be additively manufactured of the aluminum alloy suspended structural member; fixing the pretreated aluminum alloy suspended structural part on a working platform; setting the positions of an arc starting point and an arc closing point and a material adding path; wherein the additive path comprises a plurality of layers of material to be added; performing additive manufacturing on a first layer in the multiple layers of layers to be additively manufactured by using a welding machine; setting the linear energy of the pretreated aluminum alloy suspended structural part to reach a preset energy value; shifting along the direction vertical to the additive path, and stacking the next layer by using the welding machine to form a 90-degree horizontal suspension structure; the method can improve the utilization rate of the arc additive material and shorten the arc additive manufacturing period. The method solves the technical problem that a horizontal suspension structure is realized, and the utilization rate of the electric arc additive material is improved. CN109332860A discloses an arc additive manufacturing method of a 5083 aluminum alloy/TC 4 titanium alloy structure, which is to firstly connect an aluminum alloy and a titanium alloy on the surface of the titanium alloy structure by using the arc additive manufacturing method, and then complete the formation of the aluminum alloy structure. The characteristic that the difference between the melting points of the aluminum alloy and the titanium alloy is large is utilized, the tungsten electrode argon arc is used as a heat source to heat the aluminum alloy welding wire to be molten and form connection with the titanium alloy, then the aluminum alloy structure is prepared by an additive manufacturing method, and finally the aluminum alloy/titanium alloy composite structure is formed. The method solves the technical problem that the mechanical property of the joint is improved while the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer of the connecting interface is effectively reduced. CN107803503A discloses a method for preparing a complex high-strength aluminum alloy by adopting a laser-induced arc additive manufacturing technology, wherein an atomization powder preparation method is adopted to prepare powder of aluminum, magnesium, zinc, copper, zirconium and scandium; mixing the powder in proportion, rolling the high-strength aluminum alloy into a tubular shape, and filling the powder into a tube core of the tubular high-strength aluminum alloy to prepare an aluminum alloy flux-cored aluminum wire; establishing a three-dimensional model of the part and guiding the three-dimensional model into laser-induced arc additive manufacturing forming equipment; guiding the aluminum alloy flux-cored aluminum wire into a welding gun, melting the aluminum alloy flux-cored aluminum wire under laser-induced arc, and forming the complex high-strength aluminum alloy on the substrate by a robot according to a layered path track; separating the part from the substrate, and then placing the part in a muffle furnace for annealing, solid solution strengthening and aging treatment; the technical problem solved by the method is to rapidly and accurately increase the material of the high-strength aluminum alloy part with a complex structure and shape. The above prior art does not address the removal of surface dust and oxides formed during the additive process.
For 5xxx aluminum alloy, in the process of melting electrode arc additive, because magnesium element in the 5xxx aluminum alloy is gasified at high temperature in the process of arc additive, black smoke dust is easy to condense on the surface and the edge of a welding bead, and in the process of aluminum alloy arc multilayer deposition, the black smoke dust can influence the deposition structure and the mechanical property of the next layer, so as to influence the forming quality of 5xxx aluminum alloy additive manufacturing parts.
The applicant has conducted a great deal of experimental research specifically directed to the process and method of arc additive of 5xxx series aluminum alloys, in the experimental research process, when the surface floating dust and the oxide formed in the additive process are removed, the sand blasting mode is creatively adopted for processing, in the process of experimental research and data analysis, the applicant also finds that the surface roughness of the welding seam subjected to sand blasting treatment is obviously improved, the surface residual stress is obviously reduced, therefore, the introduction of the sand blasting technology into the arc additive 5xxx series aluminum alloy has the effect of removing the oxide film on the additive surface and simultaneously has an influence on the mechanical properties of the additive part, and based on the content, the applicant conducts experimental design and research on the introduction of the sand blasting technology into the arc additive 5xxx series aluminum alloy, on the basis, the invention provides a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment method.
Disclosure of Invention
A5 xxx aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment device is characterized by comprising a base plate, a six-axis robot, a spray gun, a connecting support and the spray gun, wherein the spray gun and the spray gun are installed on the six-axis robot through the connecting support, the connecting support comprises a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, one end of the first connecting plate is a straight end, the other end of the first connecting plate is semicircular, a spray gun installation position is arranged at one end of the semicircle, the spray gun installation position of the first connecting plate is a circular through hole, the spray gun is fixed on the first connecting plate of the connecting support in a flange mode through the spray gun installation position, one end of the second connecting plate is two end faces of an equilateral triangle, the other end of the second connecting plate is semicircular, a welding gun installation position is arranged at one end of the semicircle, the welding gun installation position of the second connecting plate is a circular through hole, and the welding gun is fixed on the second connecting, the other side of the welding gun mounting position is fixedly connected with a six-axis robot through a mounting flange plate and is used for removing black ash and oxides on the surface of the deposition layer and simultaneously carrying out surface hardening on the surface of the aluminum alloy deposition layer so as to improve the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy additive manufacturing part. And a reinforcing rib is arranged between the inner included angles of the two connecting plates to strengthen and fix the connection of the two connecting plates. The six-axis robot rotates to drive the connecting support to rotate, so that the welding gun and the spray gun are controlled to perform material increase and sand blasting operations on the substrate.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the welding machine connected to the welding gun is a welding machine with Mig function, and the welding parameters of the additive manufacturing part are as follows: the moving speed is 0.010-0.016m/s, the wire feeding speed is 6-10m/min, and the voltage is 20-30V.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the six-axis robot is a general six-axis welding robot with a mounting flange.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spray gun nozzle is circular and has a diameter of 8-12 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the position where the spray gun is mounted on the support does not interfere with the robot.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the surface of the additive manufactured aluminum alloy is sandblasted to be 80-100 meshes of brown corundum sand, and the sand is washed by water before sandblasting.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the distance between the nozzle and the additive part is 100-200mm during sand blasting, and the angle of the nozzle is adjusted to ensure that the sand blasting direction is 10-25 degrees to the normal direction of the surface of the part.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nozzle on the spray gun is designed to be replaceable, and should be replaced in time when the diameter of the nozzle is enlarged by 20%.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, in order to ensure the sand blasting effect, the air pressure adopted by the spray gun is 0.6-0.8 Mpa.
The 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: connecting a welding gun and a spray gun to two mechanical arms of a six-axis robot, and selecting the welding gun and the spray gun to work through the rotation of the robot arms;
s2: programming the robot, and controlling a welding gun to work through the robot, wherein the welding gun starts from a certain point of the substrate, and the electric arc additive parts are arranged in one layer;
s3: after one layer of additive is added, the joint shaft of the welding robot rotates, the nozzle of the spray gun is aligned to the fixed point position of S1 of the deposition layer, the robot program is executed S1, S1 is executed, and meanwhile, the spray gun is opened to enable the spray gun to conduct sand blasting on the deposition layer which is obtained through additive manufacturing of S1;
s4: repeating S1 after the grit blasting until the additive manufactured part is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the sand blasting process is innovatively introduced into the field of additive manufacturing, in particular the field of 5xxx series aluminum alloy arc additive manufacturing.
(2) Oxide and black smoke generated in the process of arc additive of the 5xxx series aluminum alloy are effectively removed.
(3) The tensile strength of the additive part is increased through sand blasting in the 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive process.
(4) The surface of the additive part is treated by the sand blasting device, the requirement on the production environment is low, and the sand blasting device and the sand blasting consumable are low in price.
(5) Connect welder and spray gun simultaneously through six robots for welding vibration material disk and sandblast work seamless connection have guaranteed vibration material disk's efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an additive position of a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an installation of a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sand blasting station of a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an additive position of a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bracket of a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is surface black ash generated during arc additive manufacturing of a 5xxx series aluminum alloy;
FIG. 7 is a thin wall after an arc additive surface treatment of a 5xxx series aluminum alloy.
FIG. 8 is a graph of tensile properties of 5xxx series aluminum alloy arc additive for thin wall fabrication with different grit blasting distances
FIG. 9 is a drawing of the tensile properties of 5xxx series aluminum alloy arc additive for thin wall fabrication with different blast pressures
In the figure, 1, a substrate, 2, an additive manufacturing part, 3, a welding gun, 31, a contact tip, 32, a wire feeding pipe, 4, a bracket, 41, a flange mounting position, 42, a spray gun mounting position, 5, a spray gun, 51, a nozzle, 6 and a mounting flange.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 1-5, a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment device is characterized by comprising a base plate 1, a six-axis robot, a spray gun 3, a connecting support 4 and a spray gun 5, wherein the spray gun 3 and the spray gun 5 are installed on the six-axis robot through the connecting support 4, the connecting support 4 comprises a first connecting plate 43 and a second connecting plate 44, one end of the first connecting plate 43 is a straight end, the other end of the first connecting plate is semicircular, a spray gun installation position 41 is arranged at one end of the semicircle, the spray gun installation position 41 of the first connecting plate 43 is a circular through hole, the spray gun 5 is fixed on the first connecting plate 43 of the connecting support 4 in a flange mode through the spray gun installation position 41, one end of the second connecting plate 44 is two end faces of an equilateral triangle, the other end of the second connecting plate is semicircular, a spray gun installation position 42 is arranged at one end of the semicircle, the spray gun, the welding gun 3 is fixed on the second connecting plate 44 of the connecting support 4 in a flange mode through one surface of the welding gun mounting position 42, the other surface of the welding gun mounting position 42 is fixedly connected with the six-axis robot through the mounting flange 6 and is used for removing black ash and oxides on the surface of the deposition layer and simultaneously performing surface hardening on the surface of the aluminum alloy deposition layer so as to improve the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy additive manufacturing part, the straight end of the first connecting plate 43 is connected with one of the two end faces of the equilateral triangle of the second connecting plate 44 in a mode that the plate faces of the two connecting plates are perpendicular to each other, and reinforcing ribs are arranged between the inner included angles of the two connecting plates to strengthen the connection of the two connecting plates. The six-axis robot rotates to drive the connecting support 4 to rotate, so that the welding gun 3 and the spray gun 5 are controlled to perform material increase and sand blasting operations on the substrate 1.
Preferably, the welding machine connected to the welding gun 3 is a welding machine with Mig function, and the welding parameters of the additive manufacturing part are as follows: the moving speed is 0.010-0.016m/s, the wire feeding speed is 6-10m/min, and the voltage is 20-30V.
Preferably, the six-axis robot is a common six-axis welding robot with a mounting flange.
Preferably, the spray gun nozzle 51 is circular and has a diameter of 8-12mm, and the spray gun nozzle can save the sand blasting materials while matching the width of a welding bead.
Preferably, the position of the spray gun 5 arranged on the bracket 4 does not interfere with the robot, so that the use safety is ensured.
Preferably, the surface of the additive manufacturing aluminum alloy is sandblasted to be 80-100 meshes of brown corundum sand, and the gravel is washed by water before sandblasting, so that the gravel is prevented from being bonded on the surface of the additive part and impurities are prevented from being introduced.
Preferably, in order to ensure the sand blasting effect, the nozzle 51 is 200mm away from the additive part 100 during sand blasting, and the angle of the nozzle is adjusted so that the sand blasting direction is 15 degrees from the normal direction of the part surface.
Preferably, the nozzle 51 of the spray gun 5 is of a replaceable design, which should be replaced in time when the nozzle 51 is enlarged by 20% in diameter.
Preferably, in order to ensure the sand blasting effect, the air pressure adopted by the spray gun is 0.6-0.8Mpa, the pressure range of 0.6-0.8Mpa can ensure the surface precision of the aluminum alloy additive manufacturing, and simultaneously, the surface of each layer of aluminum alloy additive manufacturing part is strengthened, although the shot blasting can greatly improve the surface hardness of the metal material, the surface of the aluminum alloy is rougher, and the spray gun is not suitable for the field of aluminum alloy additive manufacturing.
The use method of the 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment device comprises the following steps:
s1: connecting a welding gun (3) and a spray gun (5) to two mechanical arms of a six-axis robot, and selecting the welding gun (3) and the spray gun (5) to work through the rotation of the robot arms;
s2: programming the robot, controlling a welding gun 3 to work through the robot, starting the welding gun 3 from a certain point of the substrate 1, and adding a layer of electric arc additive parts;
s3: after one layer of additive materials are added, the joint shaft of the welding robot rotates, the nozzle 51 of the spray gun 5 is aligned to the fixed point position of S1 of the deposition layer, the robot program is executed S1, S1 is executed, and meanwhile, the spray gun is opened to perform sand blasting treatment on the deposition layer which is obtained by the additive material manufacturing of S1;
s4: repeating S1 after the grit blasting until the additive manufactured part 2 is completed.
Example 1
Selecting a 5xxx series aluminum alloy thin wall to be additive material, namely an additive manufacturing part 2, selecting a 6061 aluminum alloy substrate 1, selecting a large 6061 aluminum alloy substrate 1, cutting the substrate 1 into 6 substrates 1 with the same size, wherein the size of the substrate 1 is 150 x 18mm, when the thin-wall part in the form of the figure 6 is manufactured in an additive mode, adjusting the position of a welding gun 3 to enable the additive thin-wall part to be positioned above the substrate 1, setting the welding gun to be the optimal welding parameter to perform additive operation, controlling a sand blasting spray pipe 5 by a robot to perform sand blasting on the surface of the current additive manufacturing part after each additive layer is added, controlling the distance between the nozzle 5 and the additive material by the robot during sand blasting, adjusting the angle of the nozzle to enable the sand blasting spray direction to form a certain angle with the normal direction of the surface of the part, controlling the welding gun 3 by the robot to continue to perform an additive program after the sand blasting is completed, and repeatedly enabling each additive layer to be subjected to sand blasting, thus, the additive method described above was performed for each of 6 substrates 1.
The specific operating parameters are as follows:
the welding machine connected with the welding gun 3 is a welding machine with Mig function, and the welding parameters of the additive manufacturing part are as follows: the moving speed is 0.010m/s, the wire feeding speed is 10m/min, and the voltage is 20V.
The spray gun nozzle 51 is circular, the diameter is 10mm, and the sand blasting and material spraying are saved while the width of a welding bead is matched.
The sand blasting of the surface of the additive manufactured aluminum alloy is 80-mesh brown corundum sand, and the sand blasting is performed on gravel by water washing before the sand blasting.
The nozzle 51 is 120mm away from the additive part during the sand blasting, and the angle of the nozzle is adjusted to enable the sand blasting direction to be 15 degrees with the normal direction of the surface of the part.
When the nozzle 51 is enlarged by 20% in diameter, it should be replaced in time.
The air pressure adopted by the spray gun is 0.7 Mpa.
Example 2
A 6061 aluminum alloy substrate 1 identical to that of example 1 was selected, and cut into 6 substrates 1 having the same size, the size of the substrate 1 was 150 × 18mm, and the method of material addition was the same as that of example 1. The specific operating parameters are as follows:
the welding machine connected with the welding gun 3 is a welding machine with Mig function, and the welding parameters of the additive manufacturing part are as follows: the moving speed is 0.010m/s, the wire feeding speed is 10m/min, and the voltage is 20V.
The spray gun nozzle 51 is circular, the diameter is 10mm, and the sand blasting and material spraying are saved while the width of a welding bead is matched.
The position of the spray gun 5 arranged on the connecting support 4 does not interfere with the robot, so that the use safety is ensured.
The sand blasting of the surface of the additive manufactured aluminum alloy is 80-mesh brown corundum sand, and the sand blasting is performed on gravel by water washing before the sand blasting.
To ensure the blasting effect, the nozzle 51 was spaced 150mm from the additive part during blasting, and the nozzle angle was adjusted so that the blasting direction was 15 ° from the normal direction of the part surface.
When the nozzle 51 is enlarged by 20% in diameter, it should be replaced in time.
The air pressure adopted by the spray gun is 0.7Mpa,
example 3
A 6061 aluminum alloy substrate 1 identical to that of example 1 was selected, and cut into 6 substrates 1 having the same size, the size of the substrate 1 was 150 × 18mm, and the method of material addition was the same as that of example 1. The specific operating parameters are as follows:
the welding machine connected with the welding gun 3 is a welding machine with Mig function, and the welding parameters of the additive manufacturing part are as follows: the moving speed is 0.010m/s, the wire feeding speed is 10m/min, and the voltage is 20V.
The spray gun nozzle 51 is circular, the diameter is 10mm, and the sand blasting and material spraying are saved while the width of a welding bead is matched.
The position of the spray gun 5 arranged on the connecting support 4 does not interfere with the robot, so that the use safety is ensured.
The sand blasting of the surface of the additive manufactured aluminum alloy is 80-mesh brown corundum sand, and the sand blasting is performed on gravel by water washing before the sand blasting.
To ensure the blasting effect, the nozzle 51 was spaced 180mm from the additive part during blasting, and the nozzle angle was adjusted so that the blasting direction was 15 ° from the normal direction of the part surface.
When the nozzle 51 is enlarged by 20% in diameter, it should be replaced in time.
The air pressure adopted by the spray gun is 0.7Mpa,
table 1 shows the embodiment 1-3, under the same experimental conditions of welding and additive parameters, the different distances between the nozzle for sandblasting and the additive part, i.e., the substrate, affect the tensile strength, as can be seen from fig. 8, the tensile strength of the additive part after sandblasting is significantly improved, and when the distance between the nozzle for sandblasting and the additive part, i.e., the substrate, is about 150mm, the tensile strength is most significantly improved, the sandblasting distance is too far, the sandblasting sprayed by the nozzle forms a turbulent flow and further the sandblasting kinetic energy is reduced, the impact on the surface structure of the deposition layer is small, and when the sandblasting distance is 180mm, the sandblasting distance is too close, which causes excessive deformation on the surface of the deposition layer, and affects the morphology of the next deposition layer.
TABLE 1 comparison of mechanical Properties of additive manufactured parts before and after grit blasting
Example 4
A 6061 aluminum alloy substrate 1 identical to that of example 1 was selected, and cut into 6 substrates 1 having the same size, the size of the substrate 1 was 150 × 18mm, and the method of material addition was the same as that of example 1. The specific operating parameters are as follows:
the welding machine connected with the welding gun 3 is a welding machine with Mig function, and the welding parameters of the additive manufacturing part are as follows: the moving speed is 0.010m/s, the wire feeding speed is 10m/min, and the voltage is 20V.
The spray gun nozzle 51 is circular, the diameter is 10mm, and the sand blasting and material spraying are saved while the width of a welding bead is matched.
The position of the spray gun 5 arranged on the support 4 does not interfere with the robot, so that the use safety is ensured.
The sand blasting of the surface of the additive manufactured aluminum alloy is 80-mesh brown corundum sand, and the sand blasting is performed on gravel by water washing before the sand blasting.
To ensure the blasting effect, the nozzle 51 was spaced 150mm from the additive part during blasting, and the nozzle angle was adjusted so that the blasting direction was 15 ° from the normal direction of the part surface.
When the nozzle 51 is enlarged by 20% in diameter, it should be replaced in time.
The air pressure adopted by the spray gun is 0.6 Mpa.
Example 5
A 6061 aluminum alloy substrate 1 identical to that of example 1 was selected, and cut into 6 substrates 1 having the same size, the size of the substrate 1 was 150 × 18mm, and the method of material addition was the same as that of example 1. The specific operating parameters are as follows:
the welding machine connected with the welding gun 3 is a welding machine with Mig function, and the welding parameters of the additive manufacturing part are as follows: the moving speed is 0.010m/s, the wire feeding speed is 10m/min, and the voltage is 20V.
The spray gun nozzle 51 is circular, the diameter is 10mm, and the sand blasting and material spraying are saved while the width of a welding bead is matched.
The position of the spray gun 5 arranged on the connecting support 4 does not interfere with the robot, so that the use safety is ensured.
The sand blasting of the surface of the additive manufactured aluminum alloy is 80-mesh brown corundum sand, and the sand blasting is performed on gravel by water washing before the sand blasting.
To ensure the blasting effect, the nozzle 51 was spaced 150mm from the additive part during blasting, and the nozzle angle was adjusted so that the blasting direction was 15 ° from the normal direction of the part surface.
When the nozzle 51 is enlarged by 20% in diameter, it should be replaced in time.
The air pressure used by the spray gun is 0.7 Mpa.
Example 6
A 6061 aluminum alloy substrate 1 identical to that of example 1 was selected, and cut into 6 substrates 1 having the same size, the size of the substrate 1 was 150 × 18mm, and the method of material addition was the same as that of example 1. The specific operating parameters are as follows:
the welding machine connected with the welding gun 3 is a welding machine with Mig function, and the welding parameters of the additive manufacturing part are as follows: the moving speed is 0.010m/s, the wire feeding speed is 10m/min, and the voltage is 20V.
The spray gun nozzle 51 is circular, the diameter is 10mm, and the sand blasting and material spraying are saved while the width of a welding bead is matched.
The position of the spray gun 5 arranged on the connecting support 4 does not interfere with the robot, so that the use safety is ensured.
The sand blasting of the surface of the additive manufactured aluminum alloy is 80-mesh brown corundum sand, and the sand blasting is performed on gravel by water washing before the sand blasting.
To ensure the blasting effect, the nozzle 51 was spaced 150mm from the additive part during blasting, and the nozzle angle was adjusted so that the blasting direction was 15 ° from the normal direction of the part surface.
When the nozzle 51 is enlarged by 20% in diameter, it should be replaced in time.
The air pressure adopted by the spray gun is 0.8 Mpa.
Table 2 shows examples 4 to 6, based on the experimental studies of examples 1 to 3, under the same experimental conditions of welding and additive parameters, the different sandblasting pressures are used for sandblasting to influence the tensile strength, as can be seen from fig. 9, the tensile strength of the additive part after sandblasting is significantly improved, and when the sandblasting pressure is 0.7Mpa, the tensile strength is most significantly improved, and when the compressed air pressure is 0.6Mpa, the sandblasting pressure is low, the sandblasting kinetic energy is too small, and cannot cause too much influence on the additive surface texture, and when the sandblasting pressure is 0.8Mpa, the sandblasting pressure is too large, the surface of the deposition layer is too rough, and the formation of the next deposition layer is influenced.
TABLE 2 comparison of mechanical Properties of additive manufactured parts before and after different air pressure sandblasting treatments
Fig. 7 shows that the additive thin-wall sample obtained by the layer-by-layer surface sand blasting method in the additive manufacturing process is shown in fig. 7, and it can be observed from fig. 7 that no black smoke is generated on the side wall of the additive thin-wall, the surface thickness of the additive thin-wall is uniform, and the forming quality is greatly improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A use method of a 5xxx series aluminum alloy electric arc additive surface treatment device comprises the following steps: method for preparing a Chinese medicinal composition
S1: connecting a welding gun (3) and a spray gun (5) to two mechanical arms of a six-axis robot, and selecting the welding gun (3) and the spray gun (5) to work through the rotation of the robot arms;
s2: controlling a welding gun (3) to work through a robot, wherein the welding gun (3) starts from a certain point of a substrate (1) as an additive part, and an electric arc additive part is formed by one layer;
s3: after one layer of additive materials are added, the joint shaft of the welding robot rotates, the nozzle (51) of the spray gun (5) is aligned to the fixed point position of S1 of the deposition layer, the robot program is executed S1, S1 is executed, and simultaneously the spray gun is opened to perform sand blasting treatment on the deposition layer which is manufactured through S1 additive materials;
s4: repeating S1 after the sand blasting until the additive manufacturing part 2 is manufactured;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the welding gun (3) and the spray gun (5) are connected to two mechanical arms of the six-axis robot, the proper positions are adjusted, and the step S1 is executed; selecting a material increase manufacturing 5xxx series aluminum alloy thin wall as a material increase material, selecting 6061 aluminum alloy as a substrate (1), adjusting the position of a welding gun (3) to enable the material increase thin wall part to be positioned above the substrate (1), and selecting proper welding parameters of the welding gun to control the welding gun to perform material increase operation in S2 through a robot; after each additive layer, the robot controls the sand blasting spray pipe (5) to perform sand blasting treatment on the surface of the current additive manufacturing part, the robot controls the distance between the spray pipe (5) and the additive material during sand blasting, and adjusts the angle of the spray nozzle to enable the sand blasting spraying direction to form a certain angle with the normal direction of the surface of the part, and the operation in S3 is executed; and after the sand blasting is finished, the robot controls the welding gun (3) to continue to perform the additive material program, so that each additive material layer can be subjected to sand blasting treatment in a reciprocating mode, and the operation in the step S4 is executed.
2. The arc additive surface treatment method for a 5xxx series aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein: the welding machine connected with the welding gun 3 is a welding machine with Mig function, and the welding parameters of the additive manufacturing part are as follows: the moving speed is 0.010-0.016m/s, the wire feeding speed is 6-10m/min, and the voltage is 20-30V.
3. The arc additive surface treatment method for a 5xxx series aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein: the sand blasting of the surface of the additive manufactured aluminum alloy is 80-100 meshes of brown corundum sand, and the sand blasting is performed on the gravel before the sand blasting, so that the gravel is prevented from being bonded on the surface of the additive part and impurities are prevented from being introduced.
4. The arc additive surface treatment method for a 5xxx series aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the nozzle (51) and the additive part 100 and 200mm during sand blasting.
5. The arc additive surface treatment method for a 5xxx series aluminum alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein: the air pressure adopted by the spray gun is 0.6-0.8 Mpa.
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