CN110644944B - Outer flat type high-pressure rotary jet grouting device and method for complex stratum under coal mine - Google Patents
Outer flat type high-pressure rotary jet grouting device and method for complex stratum under coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110644944B CN110644944B CN201910789711.4A CN201910789711A CN110644944B CN 110644944 B CN110644944 B CN 110644944B CN 201910789711 A CN201910789711 A CN 201910789711A CN 110644944 B CN110644944 B CN 110644944B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an external horizontal high-pressure rotary jet grouting device and method for a complex stratum under a coal mine, which comprises a water passing outer pipe, a middle joint, an underground outer pipe, a drill bit joint and an external horizontal drill bit which are coaxially connected in sequence; a special-shaped piston capable of moving axially is arranged in the water passing outer pipe, and an expansion cavity provided with a nozzle is arranged between the end part of the special-shaped piston and the end part of the middle joint; a limit spring is arranged between the end part of the special-shaped piston and the middle joint; the axial channel, the first flow channel and the second flow channel between the water passing outer pipe and the special-shaped piston are all in sealed communication; a quick hardening box is arranged in the lower outer pipe, a bent pipe is communicated between the second flow passage and the quick hardening box, and an opening is formed in the side wall of the bent pipe so as to be communicated with the first cavity; the device also comprises a first unidirectional jet nozzle and a second unidirectional jet nozzle which are respectively arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity. The device and the process method can fully play the role of improving the complex broken stratum under the coal mine by rotary jet grouting, can effectively protect the wall, prevent collapse, strengthen the stratum and reduce or avoid accidents in the hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to an external horizontal high-pressure rotary jet grouting device and method for a complex stratum under a coal mine.
Background
China is a big coal mining country, more than 95% of coal mines are mined by miners, complex coal bed geological conditions limit the production capacity, mining area trend length and coal face length of the mines, so that the problems of high mining difficulty, low tunneling efficiency and the like are caused, and serious disasters are brought to the safety production of the coal mines, wherein underground gas disasters are one of the most serious disasters in the safety production of the coal mines in China, and some low gas mines are gradually changed into high gas mines along with the expansion of coal mining range and the increase of coal mining depth, so that the safety production situation of the coal mines is more severe. The gas control in coal mines in China for decades is proved by experience: the gas pre-extraction is the most effective technical means for reducing the gas content of the coal seam and preventing and controlling gas disasters, and is also the basis for comprehensively utilizing the gas.
The directional long drilling under the coal mine is the most effective technical means for gas extraction at present. However, at present, the circulating medium of the directional drilling still takes clear water as the leading factor, and the properties of protecting the wall from collapse, inhibiting the hydration expansion of the shale and the like are poor. Even with the addition of some performance-improving treatments, the effect is not ideal. And a large amount of clear water and treating agents are consumed in the pore-forming process, the construction cost is high, and the roadway environment is polluted. Particularly, when drilling is diversified, such as faults, collapse columns, broken stratums, medium and hard coal stratums and coal stratums above the medium and hard coal stratums are changed into different types of coal stratums and top and bottom plate stratums, and the like, the problems of poor stability of hole walls, high difficulty in hole forming, easiness in drilling sticking and the like are caused, and the realization of the drilling engineering target is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides an external flat type high-pressure rotary jet grouting device and method for a complex stratum in a coal mine, and solves the problems of poor stability of a drilling hole wall of the complex broken stratum in the coal mine, high hole forming difficulty, easiness in drill clamping and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an outer horizontal high-pressure rotary jet grouting device for a complex stratum under a coal mine comprises a water passing outer pipe, a middle joint, an lower outer pipe, a drill bit joint and an outer horizontal drill bit which are coaxially connected in sequence;
a special-shaped piston capable of moving axially is arranged in the water passing outer pipe, the inner space of the water passing outer pipe between the end part of the special-shaped piston and the end part of the middle joint is an expansion cavity, and a nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the water passing outer pipe where the expansion cavity is located; a limit spring is arranged between the end part of the special-shaped piston and the middle joint;
the axial channel between the water passing outer pipe and the special-shaped piston, the first flow channel arranged on the pipe wall of the water passing outer pipe along the axial direction and the second flow channel arranged on the middle joint and communicated along the axial direction are hermetically communicated;
a quick setting box is arranged in the lower outer pipe, a space between the end part of the quick setting box and the end part of the middle joint is a first cavity, a bent pipe is communicated between the second flow passage and the quick setting box, and an opening is formed in the side wall of the bent pipe so as to be communicated with the first cavity; the side wall of the lower outer pipe where the first cavity is located is provided with a first one-way jet nozzle which can communicate the first cavity with the outside of the lower outer pipe, and the first one-way jet nozzle is radially distributed along the lower outer pipe and can jet outside the lower outer pipe;
the drill bit connects the inner space to be the second cavity, the rapid hardening case with the sealed intercommunication of second cavity, is equipped with the one-way jet nozzle of second that can communicate second cavity and drill bit joint outside at the drill bit joint lateral wall, and the one-way jet nozzle of second is radially laid and can be connected outside the injection to the drill bit along the drill bit.
The invention also comprises the following technical characteristics:
specifically, the special-shaped piston comprises an integrally formed structure: the device comprises a central rod, three inserting plates uniformly distributed on the central rod along the axial direction, a cylindrical piston head arranged at the end part of the inserting plate and spring columns arranged on the end surface of the piston head and distributed along the axial direction;
each inserting plate is arranged along the radial direction of the central rod, and the length of the inserting plate along the radial direction of the central rod is smaller than the radius of the piston head; the side wall of the piston head is provided with a fan-shaped groove which takes the central shaft of the central rod as an axis and runs through the two ends of the piston head;
the inner wall of the water passing outer pipe corresponding to the insertion plate is a cylindrical inner wall, three sliding grooves which are in axial direction of the water passing outer pipe and correspond to the three insertion plates one by one are formed in the cylindrical inner wall, and the insertion plates are arranged in the sliding grooves; the space between the central rod and the cylindrical inner wall is an axial channel between the water passing outer pipe and the special-shaped piston;
the inner wall of the water passing outer pipe corresponding to the expansion cavity is provided with sector-shaped bulges which are distributed along the axial direction, and the sector-shaped bulges correspond to the sector-shaped grooves; the first flow channel is arranged in the fan-shaped bulge, and a drainage hole is formed in the side wall of the fan-shaped bulge between the first flow channel and the side wall of the piston head.
Specifically, a groove for mounting the limiting spring is formed in the center of the end part of the middle joint; one end of the limiting spring is inserted into the spring column, the other end of the limiting spring is inserted into the groove, and the pre-tightening force of the limiting spring is set to be 0.5-1 MPa.
Specifically, the elbow is in threaded connection with the middle joint, the central axis of the lower part of the elbow is consistent with the central axis of the lower outer pipe, and the elbow is provided with a plurality of openings;
the elbow is connected with the quick hardening box through an upper one-way valve, the upper one-way valve is connected with internal threads at the lower end of the elbow, the quick hardening box is connected with external threads at the lower end of the elbow, and an upper one-way valve sleeve is arranged in the quick hardening box;
the rapid hardening tank is connected with the drill bit joint through a lower one-way valve, one end of the lower one-way valve is connected with the rapid hardening tank through threads, and the other end of the lower one-way valve is inserted into the drill bit joint;
the opening pressure of the upper one-way valve and the lower one-way valve is set to be 2-3 MPa;
the drill bit joint is connected with the outer flat drill bit through a special one-way valve.
Specifically, the nozzle, the first unidirectional jet nozzle and the second unidirectional jet nozzle are all distributed on one side of the device and are on the same straight line;
the first unidirectional jet nozzle and the second unidirectional jet nozzle each comprise: the device comprises a first external shell, a conical-straight flow channel arranged in one end of the first external shell, a through first end cover arranged at the other end of the first external shell, a first pressure relief end cover positioned between the conical-straight flow channel and the first end cover, and a first pre-tightening spring positioned in the first pressure relief end cover;
the conical straight runner comprises a large-caliber straight section, a necking conical section and a small-caliber straight section which are close to the first pre-tightening spring; the small-caliber straight section is an outlet end;
the first pressure relief end cover is of a cylindrical structure with a sealed bottom, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the first pressure relief end cover, and gaps are formed between the side wall of the first pressure relief end cover corresponding to the through holes and the inner wall of the first outer shell;
the first pre-tightening spring is positioned in the first pressure relief end cover and limited between the end face of the large-caliber straight section and the bottom wall of the first pressure relief end cover; the first pressure relief end cover can axially move by compressing the first pre-tightening spring;
the first end cover is in threaded connection with the first outer shell;
and setting the starting pressure of the first one-way jet nozzle and the second one-way jet nozzle to be 1-1.5 MPa.
Specifically, the special check valve includes: the second outer shell, an outlet positioned at one end of the second outer shell, a through second end cover positioned at the other end of the second outer shell, a second pressure relief end cover arranged between the outlet and the second end cover and provided with an opening facing the outlet, and a second pre-tightening spring arranged in the second pressure relief end cover;
the second pressure relief end cover is of a cylindrical structure with a sealed bottom, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the second pressure relief end cover, and gaps are formed between the side wall of the second pressure relief end cover corresponding to the through holes and the inner wall of the second outer shell;
the second pre-tightening spring is limited between the end face of the outlet and the bottom wall of the second pressure relief end cover; the second pressure relief end cover can axially move by compressing a second pre-tightening spring; the height of the second pressure release end cover is 2-5 mm smaller than the depth of a cylindrical hole which is used for sleeving the second pressure release end cover in the second outer shell, and the pre-tightening force of the second pre-tightening spring is set to be 0.5-1 MPa.
Specifically, two ends of the middle joint are respectively connected with the water passing outer pipe and the lower outer pipe through threads; the two ends of the drill bit joint are respectively connected with the lower outer pipe and the outer flat drill bit through threads; the integral structure formed by the water passing outer pipe, the middle joint, the lower outer pipe, the drill bit joint and the outer flat drill bit is in an outer flat type.
The invention also provides a construction method of the external flat high-pressure rotary jet grouting device for the complex stratum under the coal mine, which comprises the following steps:
a. construction preparation: preparing corresponding drilling fluid according to the property characteristics of the target stratum, and adjusting various performance indexes to meet the requirements; preparing cement slurry with a certain water-cement ratio, wherein the cement slurry is required to have the characteristics of high solidification speed and high solidification strength;
b. a device installation step: inserting a special-shaped piston into the water passing outer pipe, sequentially connecting a limiting spring and a middle joint, filling a quantitative expanding agent into an expansion cavity, connecting a bent pipe with the middle joint, ensuring that the central axis of the lower end of the bent pipe is consistent with the central axis of the whole device, sequentially connecting a one-way valve, an accelerating box, a lower one-way valve, a lower outer pipe, a drill bit joint and an outer flat drill bit, wherein a specific amount of accelerating agent is filled in the accelerating box, the special one-way valve is connected to the drill bit joint at a certain depth, and a nozzle, a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle are respectively connected to the water passing outer pipe, the lower;
c. the step of entering the device: the device is connected with a common outer flat drill rod, the water supply pressure needs to be controlled to be in a lower value of 0.2-0.5 MPa in the process, a limiting spring is slightly compressed, a special-shaped piston descends for 2-3 cm and cannot completely compress an expanding agent in an expansion cavity, the special-shaped piston descends to expose out of a drainage hole in the inner side of a water outer pipe, a first one-way jet nozzle, a second one-way jet nozzle, an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve cannot be opened due to the lower pressure value, a special one-way valve is in an opening state due to the low pressure, and water flows out of a cooling drill bit from a water outlet of the outer flat drill bit along a first flow channel and a second flow channel until;
d. local plugging and drilling: drilling down to a specific hole section, increasing the water supply pressure to 1-1.2 MPa, completely compressing a limiting spring, extruding an expansion cavity by a special-shaped piston, enabling an expanding agent to be sprayed out from a nozzle, enabling water to enter a bent pipe through a first flow passage and a second flow passage, still not opening an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve due to low pressure, enabling the water to be sprayed out from a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle due to rising of water pressure, enabling the water pressure to be higher than the set pressure of a special one-way valve, enabling the special one-way valve to be in a closed state, keeping a drilling tool to rotate at a slow speed in the process, repeatedly lifting at a short distance, enabling the expanding agent to be mixed with the water sprayed out from the first one-way jet;
e. and (3) rotary spraying grouting: the annular sealing is completed, the drilling tool is kept to rotate at a low speed, prepared cement slurry is pumped into the device through a high-pressure slurry pump, the inlet pressure is controlled to be about 15MPa, the cement slurry passes through a bent pipe along a flow channel, an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve are opened under a high-pressure environment, the cement slurry is mixed with an accelerator inside the cement slurry through an accelerator box, a special high-pressure one-way valve is closed, the cement slurry can only be horizontally sprayed into a rock stratum at a high speed through a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle, a soil layer is cut by means of impact force of liquid, meanwhile, the drilling tool rotates at a drilling speed of 20r/min and feeds at a speed of 15-30 cm/min, soil and the cement slurry are fully stirred, mixed and solidified, a cylindrical solidification body with a strength range of 30-40 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention ejects the cement slurry through the jet flow nozzle at high speed by the high-pressure slurry pump, cuts the rock stratum by the impact force of the cement slurry, fully stirs, mixes and solidifies the rock debris and the cement slurry to form a cylindrical consolidation body with a certain strength range, thereby strengthening the broken stratum. Meanwhile, the invention can realize local annular plugging, reduce upward return of cement slurry and has strong drilling applicability, and the invention carries a certain dosage of accelerator and can effectively improve the consolidation rate of the cement slurry and rock debris. The device and the process method can fully play the role of improving the complex broken stratum in the underground coal mine by rotary jet grouting, can effectively protect the wall, prevent collapse, strengthen the stratum and reduce or avoid accidents in the hole.
The invention is suitable for the construction of complex stratum under the coal mine, the whole set of device is in an outer flat structure, the outer diameter sizes of the whole set of drilling tools are the same, the purpose is to prevent the accidents of drill sticking and drill burying, and the invention plays a better supporting role for the hole wall; the adoption of the unidirectional jet nozzle can effectively prevent liquid flow from entering the device through the nozzle in the pore-forming process; the special one-way valve joint is adopted, so that low-pressure opening and high-pressure closing can be realized, different functions are realized aiming at different working links, the drill bit is cooled in the drilling process, and the central channel of the drilling tool is sealed in the rotary spraying process to prevent pressure release; the annular sealing can be realized, the cement slurry is prevented from returning upwards along the drilled hole too much, the grouting effect is prevented from being influenced, the adaptability of the drilled hole is strong, and both inclined holes and horizontal holes are suitable; the device carries a certain amount of accelerating agent, so that the cement slurry solidification time can be greatly shortened, and the construction efficiency is improved; the process forms a cylindrical consolidation body with certain size and higher strength, and has the obvious advantages of large action area, firmness and reliability compared with the traditional static pressure method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the external flat high-pressure rotary grouting device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the invention A-A;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the contoured piston of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the invention B-B;
FIG. 5 is a partial view of section I and a sectional view of sections C-C of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the joint of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the unidirectional jet nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a particular check valve of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the elbow of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote: 1-a water passing outer pipe, 2-a middle joint, 3-a lower outer pipe, 4-a drill joint, 5-an outer flat drill, 6-a special-shaped piston, 7-an expansion cavity, 8-a nozzle, 9-a limiting spring, 10-a quick-setting box, 11-a first cavity, 12-a bent pipe, 14-a first one-way jet nozzle, 15-a second one-way jet nozzle, 16-an upper one-way valve, 17-a lower one-way valve and 18-a special one-way valve;
(1-1) -a first flow channel, (1-2) -a scalloped protrusion, (1-3) -a vent hole; (2-1) -a second flow channel, (2-2) -a groove; (4-1) -a second cavity; (6-1) -a central rod, (6-2) -an inserting plate, (6-3) -a piston head, (6-4) -a spring column, (6-5) -a fan-shaped groove; (12-1) -opening a hole; (14-1) -a first outer housing, (14-2) -a tapered flow passage, (14-3) -a first end cap, (14-4) -a first pressure relief end cap, (14-5) -a first pre-tensioned spring; (18-1) -second outer housing, (18-2) -outlet, (18-3) -second end cap, (18-4) -second pressure relief end cap, (18-5) -second pre-loaded spring.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the embodiment provides an external horizontal high-pressure rotary jet grouting device for a complex stratum in a coal mine, which comprises a water passing outer pipe 1, a middle joint 2, a lower outer pipe 3, a bit joint 4 and an external horizontal bit 5, which are coaxially connected in sequence; a special-shaped piston 6 capable of moving axially is arranged in the water passing outer pipe 1, the inner space of the water passing outer pipe 1 between the end part of the special-shaped piston 6 and the end part of the middle joint 2 is an expansion cavity 7, and a nozzle 8 is arranged on the side wall of the water passing outer pipe 1 where the expansion cavity 7 is located; a limit spring 9 is arranged between the end part of the special-shaped piston 6 and the middle joint 2; an axial channel between the water passing outer pipe 1 and the special-shaped piston 6, a first flow passage 1-1 arranged on the pipe wall of the water passing outer pipe 1 along the axial direction and a second flow passage 2-1 arranged on the middle joint 2 and communicated with each other along the axial direction are hermetically communicated; a quick setting tank 10 is arranged in the lower outer pipe 3, and a gap is formed between the quick setting tank 10 and the lower outer pipe 3 so that water can pass through the gap between the lower outer pipe 3 and the quick setting tank 10; a space between the end part of the rapid hardening tank 10 and the end part of the middle joint 2 is a first cavity 11, an elbow 12 is communicated between the second flow passage 2-1 and the rapid hardening tank 10, and an opening is formed in the side wall of the elbow 12 so as to be communicated with the first cavity 11; a first one-way jet nozzle 14 which can communicate the first cavity 11 with the outside of the lower outer tube 3 is arranged on the side wall of the lower outer tube 3 where the first cavity 11 is positioned, and the first one-way jet nozzle 14 is radially arranged along the lower outer tube 3 and can jet towards the outside of the lower outer tube 3; the inner space of the drill bit joint 4 is a second cavity 4-1, and a drill bit joint flow channel is arranged on the drill bit joint 4 and used for communicating the cavity between the drill bit joint 4 and the rapid hardening tank 10 with the second cavity 4-1, so that the following effects are achieved: when the pressure value is low, the first one-way jet nozzle, the second one-way jet nozzle, the upper one-way valve and the lower one-way valve cannot be opened, the special one-way valve is in an opening state at low pressure, and water flows out of the cooling drill bit from the water outlet of the outer flat drill bit along the first flow passage, the second flow passage, the gap between the lower outer pipe 3 and the rapid hardening tank 10, the drill bit joint flow passage and the second cavity 4-1 until the water is drilled down to a specific hole section; the rapid hardening box 10 is communicated with the second cavity 4-1 in a sealing way, the side wall of the drill bit joint 4 is provided with a second one-way jet nozzle 15 which can communicate the second cavity 4-1 with the outside of the drill bit joint 4, and the second one-way jet nozzle 15 is radially distributed along the drill bit joint 4 and can jet towards the outside of the drill bit joint 4; and by adopting the unidirectional jet nozzle, liquid flow can be effectively prevented from entering the device through the nozzle in the pore-forming process.
In the embodiment, a specific amount of accelerating agent is filled in the accelerating box, the special one-way valve is connected with a certain depth in the drill bit joint, and the nozzle, the first one-way jet nozzle and the second one-way jet nozzle are respectively connected with the water passing outer pipe, the lower outer pipe and the drill bit joint until the water passing outer pipe, the lower outer pipe and the drill bit joint are flat. The device is connected with a common outer flat drill rod, the water supply pressure needs to be controlled to be at a lower value of 0.2-0.5 MPa in the process, a limiting spring is slightly compressed, a special-shaped piston descends for 2-3 cm and cannot completely compress an expanding agent in an expansion cavity, the special-shaped piston descends to expose out of a drainage hole in the inner side of a water outer pipe, a first one-way jet nozzle, a second one-way jet nozzle, an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve cannot be opened due to the lower pressure value, a special one-way valve is in an opening state at low pressure, and water flows out of a cooling drill bit from a water outlet of the outer flat drill bit along a first flow channel and a second flow channel until the water. Local plugging of the drill hole: the method comprises the steps of drilling down to a specific hole section, increasing the water supply pressure to 1-1.2 MPa, completely compressing a limiting spring, extruding an expansion cavity by a special-shaped piston, enabling an expanding agent to be sprayed out from a nozzle, enabling water to enter a bent pipe through a first flow passage and a second flow passage, enabling an upper check valve and a lower check valve to be still unable to be opened even if the pressure is low, enabling the water to be sprayed out from a first check jet nozzle and a second check jet nozzle due to the rise of water pressure, enabling the water pressure to be higher than the set pressure of a special check valve, enabling the special check valve to be in a closed state, keeping a drilling tool to rotate at a low speed in the process, repeatedly lifting at a short distance, enabling the expanding agent to be mixed with the water sprayed out from the first check jet. Rotary spraying and grouting: the annular sealing is completed, the drilling tool is kept to rotate at a low speed, prepared cement slurry is pumped into the device through a high-pressure slurry pump, the inlet pressure is controlled to be about 15MPa, the cement slurry passes through a bent pipe along a flow channel, an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve are opened under a high-pressure environment, the cement slurry is mixed with an accelerator inside the cement slurry through an accelerator box, a special high-pressure one-way valve is closed, the cement slurry can only be horizontally sprayed into a rock stratum at a high speed through a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle, a soil layer is cut by means of impact force of liquid, meanwhile, the drilling tool rotates at a drilling speed of 20r/min and feeds at a speed of 15-30 cm/min, soil and the cement slurry are fully stirred, mixed and solidified, a cylindrical solidification body with a strength range of 30-40 MPa.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the shaped piston 6 includes integrally formed: the device comprises a central rod 6-1, three inserting plates 6-2 which are uniformly distributed on the central rod 6-1 along the axial direction, a cylindrical piston head 6-3 arranged at the end part of the inserting plate 6-2 and spring columns 6-4 which are arranged on the end surface of the piston head 6-3 and are distributed along the axial direction; each plug board 6-2 is arranged along the radial direction of the central rod 6-1, and the length of the plug board 6-2 along the radial direction of the central rod 6-1 is smaller than the radius of the piston head 6-3; the side wall of the piston head 6-3 is provided with a fan-shaped groove 6-5 which takes the central shaft of the central rod 6-1 as an axis and penetrates through the two ends of the piston head 6-3; the inner wall of the water passing outer pipe corresponding to the insertion plate 6-2 is a cylindrical inner wall, three sliding grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the three insertion plates 6-2 along the axial direction of the water passing outer pipe 1 are formed in the cylindrical inner wall, and the insertion plates 6-2 are arranged in the sliding grooves; the space between the central rod 6-1 and the cylindrical inner wall is an axial channel between the water passing outer pipe 1 and the special-shaped piston 6; the inner wall of the water passing outer pipe 1 corresponding to the expansion cavity 7 is provided with fan-shaped bulges 1-2 distributed along the axial direction, and the fan-shaped bulges 1-2 correspond to the fan-shaped grooves 6-5; a first flow passage 1-1 is arranged in the fan-shaped bulge 1-2, and a discharge hole 1-3 is arranged on the side wall of the fan-shaped bulge 1-2 between the first flow passage 1-1 and the side wall of the piston head 6-3.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, a groove 2-2 for installing a limiting spring 9 is arranged at the center of the end part of the middle joint 2; one end of a limiting spring 9 is inserted into the spring post 6-4, the other end of the limiting spring 9 is inserted into the groove 2-2, and the pretightening force of the limiting spring 9 is set to be 0.5-1 MPa.
The elbow 12 is in threaded connection with the middle joint 2, the central axis of the lower part of the elbow 12 is consistent with the central axis of the lower outer pipe 3, and the elbow 12 is provided with a plurality of holes 12-1; the elbow 12 is connected with the quick-setting box 10 through an upper one-way valve 16, the upper one-way valve 16 is connected with the internal thread at the lower end of the elbow 12, the quick-setting box 10 is connected with the external thread at the lower end of the elbow 12, and the upper one-way valve 16 is sleeved in the quick-setting box 10; the rapid hardening tank 10 is connected with the drill bit joint 4 through a lower one-way valve 17, one end of the lower one-way valve 17 is connected with the rapid hardening tank 10 in a threaded mode, and the other end of the lower one-way valve 17 is inserted into the drill bit joint 4; the opening pressure of the upper check valve 16 and the lower check valve 17 is set to be 2-3 MPa; the drill bit joint 4 is connected with the outer flat drill bit 5 through a special one-way valve 18.
The nozzle 8, the first unidirectional jet nozzle 14 and the second unidirectional jet nozzle 15 are all distributed on one side of the device and are in a straight line; as shown in fig. 7, each of the first unidirectional jet nozzle 14 and the second unidirectional jet nozzle 15 includes: the device comprises a first outer shell 14-1, a conical straight flow channel 14-2 arranged in one end of the first outer shell 14-1, a through first end cover 14-3 arranged at the other end of the first outer shell 14-1, a first pressure relief end cover 14-4 positioned between the conical straight flow channel 14-2 and the first end cover 14-3, and a first pre-tightening spring 14-5 positioned in the first pressure relief end cover 14-4; the conical straight runner 14-2 comprises a large-caliber straight section, a necking conical section and a small-caliber straight section which are close to the first pre-tightening spring 14-5; the small-caliber straight section is an outlet end; the first pressure relief end cover 14-4 is a cylindrical structure with a sealed bottom, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the first pressure relief end cover 14-4, and a gap is formed between the side wall of the first pressure relief end cover 14-4 corresponding to the through holes and the inner wall of the first outer shell 14-1; the first pre-tightening spring 14-5 is positioned in the first pressure relief end cover 14-4 and limited between the end face of the large-caliber straight section and the bottom wall of the first pressure relief end cover 14-4; the first pressure relief end cover 14-4 can axially move by compressing the first pre-tightening spring 14-5; the first end cover 14-3 is in threaded connection with the first outer shell 14-1; the opening pressure of the first one-way jet nozzle and the second one-way jet nozzle is set to be 1-1.5 MPa.
As shown in fig. 8, the special check valve 18 includes: the second outer shell 18-1, an outlet 18-2 positioned at one end of the second outer shell 18-1, a through second end cover 18-3 positioned at the other end of the second outer shell 18-1, a second pressure relief end cover 18-4 arranged between the outlet 18-2 and the second end cover 18-3 and provided with an opening facing the outlet, and a second pre-tightening spring 18-5 arranged in the second pressure relief end cover 18-4; the second pressure relief end cover 18-4 is a cylindrical structure with a sealed bottom, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the second pressure relief end cover 18-4, and a gap is formed between the side wall of the second pressure relief end cover 18-4 corresponding to the through holes and the inner wall of the second outer shell 18-1; the second pre-tightening spring 18-5 is limited between the end face of the outlet 18-2 and the bottom wall of the second pressure relief end cover 18-4; the second pressure relief end cover 18-4 can move axially by compressing a second pre-tightening spring 18-5; the height (H) of the second pressure relief end cover 18-4 is 2-5 mm (H-H) smaller than the depth (H) of a cylindrical hole for sleeving the second pressure relief end cover 18-4 in the second outer shell 18-1, and the pre-tightening force of the second pre-tightening spring 18-5 is set to be 0.5-1 MPa.
In the embodiment, two ends of the middle joint 2 are respectively connected with the water passing outer pipe 1 and the lower outer pipe 3 through threads; both ends of the drill bit joint 4 are respectively connected with the lower outer pipe 3 and the outer flat drill bit 5 through threads; the whole structure formed by the water passing outer pipe 1, the middle joint 2, the lower outer pipe 3, the drill bit joint 4 and the outer flat drill bit 5 is in an outer flat type.
Example 2:
the embodiment also provides a construction method of the external horizontal high-pressure rotary jet grouting device for the complex stratum in the underground coal mine, which comprises the following steps:
a. construction preparation: preparing corresponding drilling fluid according to the property characteristics of the target stratum, and adjusting various performance indexes to meet the requirements; preparing cement slurry with a certain water-cement ratio, wherein the cement slurry is required to have the characteristics of high solidification speed and high solidification strength;
b. a device installation step: inserting a special-shaped piston into the water passing outer pipe, sequentially connecting a limiting spring and a middle joint, filling a quantitative expanding agent into an expansion cavity, connecting a bent pipe with the middle joint, ensuring that the central axis of the lower end of the bent pipe is consistent with the central axis of the whole device, sequentially connecting a one-way valve, a quick setting box, a lower one-way valve, a lower outer pipe, a drill bit joint and an outer flat drill bit, wherein a specific amount of quick setting agent is filled in the quick setting box, connecting a special one-way valve with a certain depth in the drill bit joint, and respectively connecting a nozzle, a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle in the water passing outer pipe;
c. the step of entering the device: the device is connected with a common outer flat drill rod, the water supply pressure needs to be controlled to be in a lower value of 0.2-0.5 MPa in the process, a limiting spring is slightly compressed, a special-shaped piston descends for 2-3 cm and cannot completely compress an expanding agent in an expansion cavity, the special-shaped piston descends to expose out of a drainage hole in the inner side of a water outer pipe, a first one-way jet nozzle, a second one-way jet nozzle, an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve cannot be opened due to the lower pressure value, a special one-way valve is in an opening state due to the low pressure, and water flows out of a cooling drill bit from a water outlet of the outer flat drill bit along a first flow channel and a second flow channel until;
d. local plugging and drilling: drilling down to a specific hole section, increasing the water supply pressure to 1-1.2 MPa, completely compressing a limiting spring, extruding an expansion cavity by a special-shaped piston, enabling an expanding agent to be sprayed out from a nozzle, enabling water to enter a bent pipe through a first flow passage and a second flow passage, still not opening an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve due to low pressure, enabling the water to be sprayed out from a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle due to rising of water pressure, enabling the water pressure to be higher than the set pressure of a special one-way valve, enabling the special one-way valve to be in a closed state, keeping a drilling tool to rotate at a slow speed in the process, repeatedly lifting at a short distance, enabling the expanding agent to be mixed with the water sprayed out from the first one-way jet;
e. and (3) rotary spraying grouting: the annular sealing is completed, the drilling tool is kept to rotate at a low speed, prepared cement slurry is pumped into the device through a high-pressure slurry pump, the inlet pressure is controlled to be about 15MPa, the cement slurry passes through a bent pipe along a flow channel, an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve are opened under a high-pressure environment, the cement slurry is mixed with an accelerator inside the cement slurry through an accelerator box, a special high-pressure one-way valve is closed, the cement slurry can only be horizontally sprayed into a rock stratum at a high speed through a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle, a soil layer is cut by means of impact force of liquid, meanwhile, the drilling tool rotates at a drilling speed of 20r/min and feeds at a speed of 15-30 cm/min, soil and the cement slurry are fully stirred, mixed and solidified, a cylindrical solidification body with a strength range of 30-40 MPa.
Claims (7)
1. An outer flat type high-pressure rotary spraying grouting device for a complex stratum in a coal mine is characterized by comprising a water passing outer pipe (1), a middle joint (2), a lower outer pipe (3), a drill bit joint (4) and an outer flat type drill bit (5) which are coaxially connected in sequence;
a special-shaped piston (6) capable of moving axially is arranged in the water passing outer pipe (1), the inner space of the water passing outer pipe (1) between the end part of the special-shaped piston (6) and the end part of the middle joint (2) is an expansion cavity (7), and a nozzle (8) is arranged on the side wall of the water passing outer pipe (1) where the expansion cavity (7) is located; a limit spring (9) is arranged between the end part of the special-shaped piston (6) and the middle joint (2);
an axial channel between the water passing outer pipe (1) and the special-shaped piston (6), a first flow passage (1-1) which is arranged on the pipe wall of the water passing outer pipe (1) along the axial direction and a second flow passage (2-1) which is arranged on the middle joint (2) and runs through along the axial direction are all in sealed communication;
a quick-setting box (10) is arranged in the lower outer pipe (3), a space between the end part of the quick-setting box (10) and the end part of the middle joint (2) is a first cavity (11), an elbow (12) is communicated between the second flow passage (2-1) and the quick-setting box (10), and an opening is formed in the side wall of the elbow (12) so as to be communicated with the first cavity (11); a first one-way jet nozzle (14) is arranged on the side wall of the lower outer pipe (3) where the first cavity (11) is located;
the inner space of the drill bit joint (4) is a second cavity (4-1), the rapid hardening tank (10) is communicated with the second cavity (4-1) in a sealing mode, and a second one-way jet nozzle (15) is arranged on the side wall of the drill bit joint (4).
2. The external horizontal high-pressure rotary jet grouting device for the complex stratum in the coal mine well as defined in claim 1, wherein the special-shaped piston (6) comprises an integrally formed piston body: the device comprises a central rod (6-1), three inserting plates (6-2) which are uniformly distributed on the central rod (6-1) along the axial direction, a cylindrical piston head (6-3) which is arranged at the end part of the inserting plates (6-2) and spring columns (6-4) which are arranged on the end surface of the piston head (6-3) along the axial direction;
each inserting plate (6-2) is arranged along the radial direction of the central rod (6-1), and the length of each inserting plate (6-2) along the radial direction of the central rod (6-1) is smaller than the radius of the piston head (6-3); the side wall of the piston head (6-3) is provided with a fan-shaped groove (6-5) which takes the central shaft of the central rod (6-1) as an axis and penetrates through the two ends of the piston head (6-3);
the inner wall of the water passing outer pipe corresponding to the inserting plate (6-2) is a cylindrical inner wall, three sliding grooves which are in axial direction of the water passing outer pipe (1) and correspond to the three inserting plates (6-2) one by one are formed in the cylindrical inner wall, and the inserting plates (6-2) are arranged in the sliding grooves; the space between the central rod (6-1) and the cylindrical inner wall is an axial channel between the water passing outer pipe (1) and the special-shaped piston (6);
the inner wall of the water passing outer pipe (1) corresponding to the expansion cavity (7) is provided with fan-shaped bulges (1-2) distributed along the axial direction, and the fan-shaped bulges (1-2) correspond to the fan-shaped grooves (6-5); the first flow channel (1-1) is arranged in the fan-shaped bulge (1-2), and a drainage hole (1-3) is formed in the side wall of the fan-shaped bulge (1-2) between the first flow channel (1-1) and the side wall of the piston head (6-3).
3. The device for the outward flat high-pressure rotary jet grouting of the complex stratum in the coal mine well according to claim 2, characterized in that a groove (2-2) for installing the limiting spring (9) is formed in the center of the end part of the middle joint (2); one end of the limiting spring (9) is inserted into the spring column (6-4), the other end of the limiting spring is inserted into the groove (2-2), and the pretightening force of the limiting spring (9) is set to be 0.5-1 MPa.
4. The device for the outward horizontal type high-pressure rotary jet grouting of the complex stratum in the coal mine well according to claim 1 is characterized in that the elbow (12) is in threaded connection with the middle joint (2), the central axis of the lower part of the elbow (12) is consistent with that of the lower outer pipe (3), and a plurality of openings (12-1) are formed in the elbow (12);
the elbow (12) is connected with the rapid hardening tank (10) through an upper one-way valve (16), the upper one-way valve (16) is connected with an internal thread at the lower end of the elbow (12), the rapid hardening tank (10) is connected with an external thread at the lower end of the elbow (12), and the upper one-way valve (16) is sleeved in the rapid hardening tank (10);
the rapid hardening tank (10) is connected with the drill bit joint (4) through a lower one-way valve (17), one end of the lower one-way valve (17) is connected with the rapid hardening tank (10) in a threaded mode, and the other end of the lower one-way valve is inserted into the drill bit joint (4);
the opening pressure of the upper one-way valve (16) and the lower one-way valve (17) is set to be 2-3 MPa;
the drill bit joint (4) is connected with the outer flat drill bit (5) through a special one-way valve (18);
said special non-return valve (18) comprising: the device comprises a second outer shell (18-1), an outlet (18-2) positioned at one end of the second outer shell (18-1), a through second end cover (18-3) positioned at the other end of the second outer shell (18-1), a second pressure relief end cover (18-4) arranged between the outlet (18-2) and the second end cover (18-3) and provided with an opening facing the outlet, and a second pre-tightening spring (18-5) arranged in the second pressure relief end cover (18-4);
the second pressure relief end cover (18-4) is of a cylindrical structure with a sealed bottom, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the second pressure relief end cover (18-4), and gaps are formed between the side wall of the second pressure relief end cover (18-4) corresponding to the through holes and the inner wall of the second outer shell (18-1);
the second pre-tightening spring (18-5) is limited between the end face of the outlet (18-2) and the bottom wall of the second pressure relief end cover (18-4); the second pressure relief end cover (18-4) can axially move by compressing a second pre-tightening spring (18-5); the height of the second pressure relief end cover (18-4) is 2-5 mm smaller than the depth of a cylindrical hole in the second outer shell (18-1) for sleeving the second pressure relief end cover (18-4), and the pre-tightening force of the second pre-tightening spring (18-5) is set to be 0.5-1 MPa.
5. The device for the outward flat high-pressure rotary jet grouting of the complex stratum in the coal mine well as defined in claim 1 is characterized in that the nozzle (8), the first one-way jet nozzle (14) and the second one-way jet nozzle (15) are all distributed on one side of the device and are in a straight line;
the first unidirectional jet nozzle (14) and the second unidirectional jet nozzle (15) each comprise: the device comprises a first external shell (14-1), a conical straight flow channel (14-2) arranged in one end of the first external shell (14-1), a through first end cover (14-3) arranged at the other end of the first external shell (14-1), a first pressure relief end cover (14-4) positioned between the conical straight flow channel (14-2) and the first end cover (14-3), and a first pre-tightening spring (14-5) positioned in the first pressure relief end cover (14-4);
the conical straight runner (14-2) comprises a large-caliber straight section, a necking conical section and a small-caliber straight section which are close to the first pre-tightening spring (14-5); the small-caliber straight section is an outlet end;
the first pressure relief end cover (14-4) is of a cylindrical structure with a sealed bottom, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the first pressure relief end cover (14-4), and gaps are formed between the side wall of the first pressure relief end cover (14-4) corresponding to the through holes and the inner wall of the first outer shell (14-1);
the first pre-tightening spring (14-5) is positioned in the first pressure relief end cover (14-4) and limited between the end face of the large-caliber straight section and the bottom wall of the first pressure relief end cover (14-4); the first pressure relief end cover (14-4) can axially move by compressing the first pre-tightening spring (14-5);
the first end cover (14-3) is in threaded connection with the first outer shell (14-1);
and setting the starting pressure of the first one-way jet nozzle and the second one-way jet nozzle to be 1-1.5 MPa.
6. The external horizontal high-pressure rotary jet grouting device for the complex underground stratum of the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the middle joint (2) are respectively connected with the water passing outer pipe (1) and the lower outer pipe (3) through threads; both ends of the drill bit joint (4) are respectively connected with the lower outer pipe (3) and the outer flat drill bit (5) through threads; the water passing outer pipe (1), the middle joint (2), the lower outer pipe (3), the drill bit joint (4) and the outer flat drill bit (5) form an integral structure which is in an outer flat type.
7. The construction method of the external horizontal high-pressure rotary jet grouting device for the complex stratum in the underground coal mine according to claim 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. construction preparation: preparing corresponding drilling fluid according to the property characteristics of the target stratum, and adjusting various performance indexes to meet the requirements; preparing cement slurry with a certain water-cement ratio, wherein the cement slurry is required to have the characteristics of high solidification speed and high solidification strength;
b. a device installation step: inserting a special-shaped piston into the water passing outer pipe, sequentially connecting a limiting spring and a middle joint, filling a quantitative expanding agent into an expansion cavity, connecting a bent pipe with the middle joint, ensuring that the central axis of the lower end of the bent pipe is consistent with the central axis of the whole device, sequentially connecting a one-way valve, an accelerating box, a lower one-way valve, a lower outer pipe, a drill bit joint and an outer flat drill bit, wherein a specific amount of accelerating agent is filled in the accelerating box, the special one-way valve is connected to the drill bit joint at a certain depth, and a nozzle, a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle are respectively connected to the water passing outer pipe, the lower;
c. the step of entering the device: the device is connected with a common outer flat drill rod, the water supply pressure needs to be controlled to be in a lower value of 0.2-0.5 MPa in the process, a limiting spring is slightly compressed, a special-shaped piston descends for 2-3 cm and cannot completely compress an expanding agent in an expansion cavity, the special-shaped piston descends to expose out of a drainage hole in the inner side of a water outer pipe, a first one-way jet nozzle, a second one-way jet nozzle, an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve cannot be opened due to the lower pressure value, a special one-way valve is in an opening state due to the low pressure, and water flows out of a cooling drill bit from a water outlet of the outer flat drill bit along a first flow channel and a second flow channel until;
d. local plugging and drilling: drilling down to a specific hole section, increasing the water supply pressure to 1-1.2 MPa, completely compressing a limiting spring, extruding an expansion cavity by a special-shaped piston, enabling an expanding agent to be sprayed out from a nozzle, enabling water to enter a bent pipe through a first flow passage and a second flow passage, still not opening an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve due to low pressure, enabling the water to be sprayed out from a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle due to rising of water pressure, enabling the water pressure to be higher than the set pressure of a special one-way valve, enabling the special one-way valve to be in a closed state, keeping a drilling tool to rotate at a slow speed in the process, repeatedly lifting at a short distance, enabling the expanding agent to be mixed with the water sprayed out from the first one-way jet;
e. and (3) rotary spraying grouting: the annular sealing is completed, the drilling tool is kept to rotate at a low speed, prepared cement slurry is pumped into the device through a high-pressure slurry pump, the inlet pressure is controlled to be about 15MPa, the cement slurry passes through a bent pipe along a flow channel, an upper one-way valve and a lower one-way valve are opened under a high-pressure environment, the cement slurry is mixed with an accelerator inside the cement slurry through an accelerator box, a special high-pressure one-way valve is closed, the cement slurry can only be horizontally sprayed into a rock stratum at a high speed through a first one-way jet nozzle and a second one-way jet nozzle, a soil layer is cut by means of impact force of liquid, meanwhile, the drilling tool rotates at a drilling speed of 20r/min and feeds at a speed of 15-30 cm/min, soil and the cement slurry are fully stirred, mixed and solidified, a cylindrical solidification body with a strength range of 30-40 MPa.
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| CN113021630A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-06-25 | 霍学朝 | Movable is used for lightweight concrete, heat preservation mortar pump truck |
| CN113700448B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2024-01-26 | 成都浩洪机械装备有限公司 | Drilling fluid fast weighting mixer capable of being pressurized secondarily |
| CN114607278B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-06-06 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Hole making method and hole making spray gun for coal-bed gas well |
| CN115234168B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-16 | 无锡市安曼工程机械有限公司 | Rotary spraying mechanism of rotary spraying drilling tool |
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