CN110641601A

CN110641601A - Electric vehicle brake with graded braking

Info

Publication number: CN110641601A
Application number: CN201910968671.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨震; 杨忠; 宋晓东; 潘霄
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-10-12
Filing date: 2019-10-12
Publication date: 2020-01-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a step-by-step braking electric vehicle brake, which consists of a shell and a handle, wherein an angle information sensor and a brake cable fixing component are arranged on the shell and the handle, the angle information sensor monitors the rotation angle of the handle in real time and sends angle information to an external controller, and the controller generates electric braking torques with different sizes according to braking torque requirements and converts dynamic potential energy into electric energy for recycling; the brake cable fixing component enables the handle to have an idle stroke, the brake cable is not pulled by the rotation of the handle in the idle stroke, and after the idle stroke is finished, the brake cable is pulled by the brake cable fixing component, and an external brake disc is driven by the brake cable to perform mechanical braking. The invention can recover the braking energy to the maximum extent and simultaneously realize the linear coordination control of the electronic braking and the mechanical friction braking.

Description

Electric vehicle brake with graded braking

Technical Field

The invention relates to a brake of an electric vehicle, in particular to a brake of an electric vehicle with mechanical and electronic brake graded mixed braking.

Background

At present, more and more electric vehicles face the problem of braking energy recovery from vehicles such as small electric bicycles, electric tricycles and electric mopeds. At present, the recovery of braking energy is mainly completed by a motor drive controller, a brake of a vehicle outputs a braking switch signal to a motor driver, and when braking is ensured, the drive controller cuts off the output or enters a fixed electronic braking state, but the braking moment of an electronic braking system is uncontrollable.

The existing brakes are all designed in a unified mechanical structure, brake cables are pulled in a lever mode to drive a brake to realize braking, and the design aiming at braking energy recovery is not provided. In the actual use process, when a vehicle driver brakes, the controller enters an energy recovery state and realizes electronic braking, but the brake disc also performs mechanical friction braking at the moment, so that a part of power potential energy is converted into heat energy through friction and dissipated during braking, the energy recovery efficiency of the electric vehicle is reduced, and the increase of the driving mileage is restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a hierarchical braking electric vehicle brake, which can recover braking energy to the maximum extent and realize linear coordination control of electronic brake and mechanical friction brake.

The brake of the electric vehicle with the hierarchical braking function comprises a shell and a handle, wherein an angle information sensor and a brake cable fixing component are mounted on the shell and the handle, the angle information sensor monitors the rotation angle of the handle in real time and sends angle information to an external controller, and the controller generates electric braking torques with different sizes according to braking torque requirements and converts power potential energy into electric energy for recycling; the brake cable fixing component enables the handle to have an idle stroke, the brake cable is not pulled by the rotation of the handle in the idle stroke, the brake cable is pulled by the brake cable fixing component after the idle stroke is finished, and an external brake disc is driven by the brake cable to perform mechanical braking.

Furthermore, the brake cable fixing assembly comprises a sliding cylinder, a pull rod, a rotating pin and a limiting pin; the mounting hole sliding fit on a sliding barrel and the shell, the one end of the sliding barrel is sealed and the one end is open, the tail end of the brake cable penetrates through the closed end to be connected with the sliding barrel through a limiting block and to be limited, the open end of the sliding barrel is provided with a radial limiting pin, one end of the pull rod is hinged to the handle through a rotating pin, a strip-shaped hole in the other end of the pull rod is matched with the limiting pin in the sliding barrel, and the length of the strip-shaped hole corresponds to the idle stroke distance of the handle in a rotating mode.

Further, the handle is connected with the shell through a return spring.

Furthermore, the angle information sensor comprises magnetic steel and a Hall sensor, the magnetic steel is fixedly connected with the mounting surface on the handle, the Hall sensor is fixed on the shell, and the magnetic steel and the Hall sensor are kept in contact.

Further, the angle information sensor employs a sliding potentiometer or a position encoder.

Further, the angle signal output by the angle information sensor is directly sent to the controller or indirectly sent to the controller after being transferred by the equipment.

Further, the angle signal sent by the angle information sensor is a digital signal or an analog signal.

Has the advantages that:

1. the invention divides the closing stroke of the brake into two stages, the first stage is that the handle utilizes the idle stroke of the brake cable fixing component, the angle information sensor sends the rotation angle information to the controller, the brake cable is not pulled, and the controller identifies the braking force requirement of the driver; the controller adjusts the process of braking energy recovery according to braking torque requirements, generates electric braking torques with different sizes, and converts power potential energy into electric energy for recovery. The second stage is that when the driver needs larger braking torque, the brake cable is pulled after the idle stroke of the brake cable fixing component is finished, the brake disc is driven by the brake cable to perform mechanical braking, and the sufficient braking torque can be provided.

2. The invention combines the efficiency of braking energy recovery and the braking safety, can be adjusted according to the braking torque required by a driver in the driving process, can realize energy recovery by using only an electronic brake to the maximum extent, and can ensure necessary braking safety by using a mechanical brake under emergency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle brake with stepped braking according to the present invention before braking;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stage braking electric vehicle brake in an electric braking state according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electric vehicle brake with step braking according to the present invention in an electromechanical hybrid braking state.

Wherein, the device comprises a shell 1, a handle 2, a brake cable 3, a limiting block 4, a sliding cylinder 5, a pull rod 6, a return spring 7, magnetic steel 8 and a Hall sensor 9.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in the attached figure 1, the invention provides a step-brake electric vehicle brake, which comprises a shell 1, a handle 2, a sliding cylinder 5, a pull rod 6, a return spring 7, magnetic steel 8 and a Hall sensor 9;

link together through reset spring 7 between shell 1 and the handle 2, magnet steel 8 fixed connection is on handle 2, hall sensor 9 passes through the fixing base and installs on shell 1, magnet steel 8 and hall sensor 9 constitute angle information sensor real-time supervision handle 2's turned angle and give outside controller with angle information transmission, the controller produces the electric braking torque of equidimension not according to the braking torque demand, and turn into power potential energy electric energy recovery.

Processing has a horizontally mounting hole above shell 1, this mounting hole is used for installing a sliding tube 5, wherein, the one end of sliding tube 5 is sealed one end and is opened, the end of brake cable 3 passes the blind end and passes through stopper 3 and 5 realization of sliding tube and be connected with spacingly, the open end of sliding tube 5 is equipped with a radial spacer pin, the one end of pull rod 6 is articulated through the rolling pin with handle 2, the bar hole on the other end of pull rod 6 cooperates with the spacer pin in the sliding tube 5, the length in bar hole corresponds handle pivoted idle stroke distance.

The brake of the invention has three states, which are respectively shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, wherein fig. 1 is the state before braking, fig. 2 and 3 are respectively the states corresponding to two different stages in the braking process, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first-stage motion, namely the state of electric braking, in the process of pulling the handle 1 by a driver, the handle drives the pull rod to move together, a limit pin in a sliding cylinder 5 moves from the right side to the left side relative to a strip-shaped hole on the pull rod 6, a brake cable 3 does not move in the process, at the moment, an angle information sensor senses the motion of the handle 1, measures a rotation angle signal and outputs the signal to a controller, and the controller generates an electronic braking moment to realize energy recovery braking. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a state of combined action of mechanical braking and electric braking, when a brake handle is continuously pulled, a strip-shaped hole in a pull rod 6 reaches a limiting limit position, at the moment, the pull rod 6 starts to pull a sliding cylinder 5 to move, the sliding cylinder 5 pulls a brake cable 3 to move through a limiting block 4, and the brake cable 3 drives a brake actuator to realize mechanical braking; at the moment, the angle information sensor continuously senses the rotation angle, the signal is output to the controller, and the controller calculates corresponding electronic braking torque to realize simultaneous work of mechanical braking and energy recovery braking.

The sensor for measuring the rotation angle may be a sensor of other types such as a sliding potentiometer, a position encoder, or the like, in addition to the hall sensor. The signal output by the sensor to the controller may be a continuous analog signal or a digital signal. The signal output by the sensor is directly sent to the controller or indirectly sent to the controller after being transferred by the equipment.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The brake of the electric vehicle with the hierarchical braking function is composed of a shell and a handle, and is characterized in that an angle information sensor and a brake cable fixing component are mounted on the shell and the handle, the angle information sensor monitors the rotation angle of the handle in real time and sends angle information to an external controller, and the controller generates electric braking torques with different sizes according to braking torque requirements and converts dynamic potential energy into electric energy for recycling; the brake cable fixing component enables the handle to have an idle stroke, the brake cable is not pulled by the rotation of the handle in the idle stroke, the brake cable is pulled by the brake cable fixing component after the idle stroke is finished, and an external brake disc is driven by the brake cable to perform mechanical braking.

2. The graduated braking electric vehicle brake of claim 1, wherein the brake cable retaining assembly comprises a sliding barrel, a pull rod, a rotation pin and a limit pin; the mounting hole sliding fit on a sliding barrel and the shell, the one end of the sliding barrel is sealed and the one end is open, the tail end of the brake cable penetrates through the closed end to be connected with the sliding barrel through a limiting block and to be limited, the open end of the sliding barrel is provided with a radial limiting pin, one end of the pull rod is hinged to the handle through a rotating pin, a strip-shaped hole in the other end of the pull rod is matched with the limiting pin in the sliding barrel, and the length of the strip-shaped hole corresponds to the idle stroke distance of the handle in a rotating mode.

3. A graduated braking electric vehicle brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the handle is connected to the housing by a return spring.

4. The step brake of claim 3, wherein the angle information sensor comprises a magnetic steel and a Hall sensor, the magnetic steel is fixedly connected with the mounting surface of the handle, the Hall sensor is fixed on the shell, and the magnetic steel and the Hall sensor are kept in contact.

5. A graduated braking electric vehicle brake as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that said angular information sensor is a sliding potentiometer or a position encoder.

6. A graduated braking electric vehicle brake as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the angle information sensor outputs an angle signal directly to the controller or indirectly to the controller through relay in the apparatus.

7. A graduated braking electric vehicle brake as claimed in claim 6, wherein said angle information sensor sends an angle signal that is a digital or analog signal.