CN110640614A - Negative pressure polishing device and method for polishing blind hole of conductive workpiece - Google Patents
Negative pressure polishing device and method for polishing blind hole of conductive workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN110640614A CN110640614A CN201910984170.0A CN201910984170A CN110640614A CN 110640614 A CN110640614 A CN 110640614A CN 201910984170 A CN201910984170 A CN 201910984170A CN 110640614 A CN110640614 A CN 110640614A
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003709 heart valve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/10—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work
- B24B31/102—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work using an alternating magnetic field
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/005—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes using a magnetic polishing agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
- B24B47/12—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces by mechanical gearing or electric power
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a negative pressure polishing device and a negative pressure polishing method for polishing blind holes of conductive workpieces, and the negative pressure polishing device comprises a workbench, a mobile positioning device, a rotary flow channel device and a rotary magnetic field device, wherein the mobile positioning device is arranged on the workbench; the invention can polish the blind holes of blind hole workpieces, and the blind holes of the workpieces to be polished are in a negative pressure state by pumping air, so that abrasive flow can enter the blind holes more smoothly; the abrasive flow used by the invention is a liquid metal abrasive flow, and under the action of a rotating magnetic field generated by a three-phase stator coil, metal particles in the liquid metal abrasive flow can be in good contact with the surface of a workpiece to be machined, so that trace cutting is carried out, and the surface of a blind hole of the workpiece to be machined cannot be mechanically deformed; so that the polishing efficiency is faster, the effect is better and micro-cutting is carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of liquid metal, in particular to a negative pressure polishing device and method for polishing blind holes of conductive workpieces.
Background
The 3D printing technology is also called additive manufacturing technology, i.e. an advanced manufacturing technology called rapid prototyping in China, and its essential principle is discretization and stacking, i.e. with the aid of a computer, the manufacturing of a three-dimensional entity is converted into a stack of two-dimensional layers and a continuous superposition along the prototyping direction by slicing the entity model, and finally the manufacturing of the three-dimensional entity is achieved. With the use of 3D printing technology becoming more and more widespread, blind hole products generated by the 3D printing technology are more and more. The blind hole is a blind hole relative to the through hole, and is widely applied to life and industrial production, and meanwhile, the high-precision blind hole has more and more extensive application, such as the blind hole of a pressure sensor shell; key parts in the vehicle engine, such as a plunger, an electromagnetic valve seat, a middle body of an oil sprayer, a blind hole of a pump body and the like, are used for realizing the high-efficiency operation of the engine; a blind hole in a prosthetic heart valve holder for medical applications.
Although 3D printing technology is better and finer at present, the surface of a 3D printed model is still rough. In order to solve the problem of rough surface, the traditional post-treatment method adopts methods such as mechanical grinding and surface sand blasting, but the traditional methods are easy to damage the shape required by the part, dust generated in the polishing process influences the environment and processing workers, and the traditional polishing method cannot polish the blind hole type workpiece with small aperture printed by 3D, especially the blind hole of the blind hole type workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the blind hole of a conductive workpiece printed by a 3D printing technology cannot be polished by the existing polishing method, and provides a negative pressure polishing device and a method for polishing the blind hole of the conductive workpiece.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a negative pressure polishing device for polishing blind holes of conductive workpieces comprises a workbench, a movable positioning device, a rotary flow channel device and a rotary magnetic field device, wherein the movable positioning device is arranged on the workbench;
the mobile positioning device comprises a horizontal module mounting frame, a horizontal linear module, a horizontal module driving motor, a vertical linear module and a vertical module driving motor, wherein the horizontal module mounting frame is fixed on the workbench; the horizontal linear module is horizontally fixed on the horizontal module mounting frame, the horizontal module driving motor is fixed at one end of the horizontal linear module, and a driving shaft of the horizontal module driving motor is connected with the horizontal linear module and drives a horizontal sliding block on the horizontal linear module to do linear motion along the horizontal direction; the vertical linear module is vertically fixed on a horizontal sliding block of the horizontal linear module, the vertical module driving motor is fixed at the upper end of the vertical linear module, and a driving shaft of the vertical module driving motor is connected with the vertical linear module and drives the vertical sliding block on the vertical linear module to do linear motion along the vertical direction; the rotary flow channel device is arranged on a vertical sliding block of the vertical linear module, and the rotary magnetic field device is arranged on a workbench beside the horizontal module mounting rack; the rotating magnetic field device and the rotating flow channel device are arranged on the same side of the vertical sliding block;
the rotary runner device comprises a supporting block, an auxiliary clamping head, a turntable base, a three-phase stator coil, a flange type over-current slip ring, a conductive copper sheet and a stator coil fixing seat, wherein the supporting block is fixed on the workbench and is provided with an installation inclined plane inclining upwards; the mounting inclined plane is provided with a circular groove for mounting a stator coil fixing seat and an electric slip ring mounting groove for mounting an electric slip ring of a flange type; the electric slip ring mounting groove and the circular groove are coaxially arranged, the electric slip ring mounting groove is arranged in the circular groove, the stator coil fixing seat is embedded in the circular groove of the mounting inclined plane, the flange type electric slip ring is embedded in the electric slip ring mounting groove of the inclined plane, the stator end of the flange type electric slip ring is fixedly mounted in the electric slip ring mounting groove, and the rotor end of the flange type electric slip ring is fixedly connected with the fixed end of the auxiliary clamping head; the auxiliary clamping head is provided with a workpiece mounting groove, the inner wall of the workpiece mounting groove of the auxiliary clamping head is provided with a conductive copper sheet, the conductive copper sheet is connected with a lead of a rotor end of the flange type over-current slip ring, and a lead of a stator end of the flange type over-current slip ring is connected with an input line of an external square wave alternating current power supply; the three-phase stator coil is fixed on the stator coil fixing seat and arranged around the whole auxiliary clamping head and the turntable base; the input end of the three-phase stator coil is connected with an external sine alternating current power supply;
the rotary flow channel device comprises a rotary clamping head, a rotary joint fixing seat, a flow channel fixing plate, a sliding rail connecting plate, an exhaust port one-way valve, a gas-liquid abrasive flow joint, an abrasive flow inlet valve, a flow channel joint, a hollow flow channel, a rotary joint, a flange plate, a rotary driving motor, a rotary driving wheel, a rotary driven wheel, a rotary synchronous belt, an annular over-current slip ring, an electric slip ring fixing seat, an electric slip ring stator end lead, a slip ring rotor end lead, a conductive copper ring and a main clamping end O-shaped ring, the slide rail connecting plate is vertically arranged on a vertical slide block of the vertical linear module, the flow channel fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the slide rail connecting plate, the rotary joint fixing seat and the electric slip ring fixing seat are both fixedly arranged on the flow channel fixing plate, the rotary joint is arranged on the rotary joint fixing seat, and the axial lead of the rotary joint is parallel to the axial lead of the auxiliary clamping head when the rotary joint is arranged; the end, close to the rotating magnetic field module, of the rotating joint is a rotating end of the rotating joint, one end of the hollow flow channel is fixedly connected with the rotating end of the rotating joint, a flange plate is sleeved on the other end of the hollow flow channel, the rotating clamping head is installed on the flange plate, the rotating clamping head positively rotates an installation inclined plane of the rotating flow channel device, the axial lead of the rotating clamping head is perpendicular to the installation inclined plane, and the axial lead of the hollow flow channel is parallel to the axial leads of the auxiliary clamping head and the rotating clamping head when the hollow flow channel is installed; the annular over-current slip ring is arranged on the electric slip ring fixing seat, and the annular over-current slip ring is sleeved on the hollow runner; the annular over-current slip ring is connected with the other input line of the external square wave alternating current power supply through a slip ring stator lead; the rotor comprises a hollow runner, a first rotor lead groove, a second rotor lead groove, a slip ring rotor end lead, a ring-shaped electrical slip ring and a second rotor lead groove, wherein the hollow runner is provided with the first rotor lead groove, the first rotor lead groove extends to the end face of one end of a hollow runner connecting flange along the outer wall of the hollow runner, the flange is provided with the second rotor lead groove, one end of the second rotor lead groove is communicated with the first rotor lead groove on the hollow runner, the other end of the second rotor lead groove extends to the end face of one end of the flange for clamping a workpiece to be processed, the conductive copper ring is installed at one end of the flange for clamping the workpiece to be processed, the slip ring rotor end lead is embedded in the first rotor lead groove and the second rotor lead groove, one end of the slip ring; the two ends of a workpiece to be processed are clamped through the rotary clamping head and the auxiliary clamping head respectively, the blind hole of the workpiece to be processed is located at one end of the rotary clamping head, and the conductive copper ring is attached to the workpiece to be processed when the workpiece to be processed is clamped on the rotary clamping head; the other end of the rotary joint is a fixed end of the rotary joint, the fixed end of the rotary joint is connected with a gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint through a flow passage joint, the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint is provided with three inlets and outlets which are respectively an abrasive particle flow inlet end, an abrasive particle flow outlet end and an air exhaust end, the abrasive particle flow inlet end, the abrasive particle flow outlet end and the air exhaust end of the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint are mutually communicated, the abrasive particle flow outlet end of the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint is connected with an external liquid metal abrasive particle flow generating device through an abrasive particle flow inlet valve and an abrasive particle flow pipeline, the abrasive particle flow generated by the liquid metal abrasive particle flow generating device is a liquid metal abrasive particle flow, the air exhaust end of the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint is connected with the external air exhaust device through an air exhaust port one-way valve and an air exhaust pipeline, and the gas, the heights of the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint, the flow channel joint, the hollow joint and the rotary clamping head are sequentially reduced.
Furthermore, the rotary clamping head comprises a flange-shaped fixed flange end and a main mounting end for fixing a workpiece to be processed, the fixed flange end of the rotary clamping head is fixedly connected with the flange plate, a workpiece mounting main groove matched with the shape of the processing end of the workpiece to be processed is formed in the main mounting end of the rotary clamping head, the processing end of the workpiece to be processed is mounted in the workpiece mounting main groove, a main clamping end O-shaped ring for preventing the processing end of the workpiece to be processed from sliding is arranged in the workpiece mounting main groove of the rotary clamping head, the inner ring of the main clamping end O-shaped ring is attached to and sleeved at the processing end of the workpiece to be processed, and the outer ring of the main clamping end O-shaped ring is attached to the inner wall of the workpiece mounting main groove; the auxiliary clamping head comprises a cylindrical fixed end and an auxiliary mounting end used for fixing a workpiece to be processed, the fixed end of the auxiliary clamping head is fixed in a circular groove of the supporting block, a workpiece mounting auxiliary groove matched with the shape of the rear end of the workpiece to be processed is formed in the auxiliary mounting end of the auxiliary clamping head, the rear end of the workpiece to be processed is mounted in the workpiece mounting auxiliary groove, an auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring used for preventing the workpiece to be processed from sliding is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece mounting auxiliary groove of the auxiliary clamping head, the inner ring of the auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring is attached to and sleeved at the rear end of the workpiece to be processed, the outer ring of the auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring is attached to the inner wall of the workpiece mounting auxiliary groove, the conductive copper ring is arranged on the inner wall of the main clamping end O-shaped ring, and the conductive copper sheet is arranged on the inner wall of.
Further, the horizontal straight line module passes through the bolt fastening on horizontal module mounting bracket, and horizontal module mounting bracket passes through the bolt fastening on the workstation, and vertical straight line module passes through the bolt fastening on the horizontal slider of horizontal straight line module. One end of the horizontal linear module is provided with four bolt holes, the horizontal module driving motor is provided with four bolt holes matched with the bolt holes in the horizontal linear module, and the horizontal linear module driving motor is fixed through four fixing bolts penetrating through the bolt holes.
Furthermore, the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint is a square joint and is fixed on the slide rail connecting plate.
Furthermore, the rotary joint fixing seat comprises a flow channel fixing base and a flow channel fixing upper seat, arc-shaped grooves matched with the hollow flow channel are formed in the hollow flow channel base and the flow channel fixing upper seat, the hollow flow channel base and the flow channel fixing upper seat clamp the hollow flow channel together, and the hollow flow channel base and the flow channel fixing upper seat are fixedly connected through bolts.
Furthermore, the axial lead of the hollow flow channel and the axial lead of the fixed end of the auxiliary clamping head are inclined at an angle of 30-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the axial lead of the hollow flow channel and the axial lead of the fixed end of the auxiliary clamping head are perpendicular to the installation inclined plane of the supporting block.
Furthermore, the supporting block is a right-angle triangular prism-shaped supporting block, two right-angle surfaces and an installation inclined surface are arranged on the supporting block, the right-angle surfaces of the supporting block are fixedly installed on the workbench, and the auxiliary clamping head is installed on the installation inclined surface of the supporting block through the turntable base.
Further, the liquid metal abrasive grain flow is formed by mixing liquid metal and loose abrasive grains, and the liquid metal is liquid crops.
Furthermore, the air extracting device is an air extracting pump, and the hollow flow passage is a hollow shaft.
Furthermore, the middle part of the hollow runner is provided with a middle positioning and mounting thread for mounting the annular overcurrent ring, the end of the hollow runner close to the rotary joint is provided with a tail end positioning and mounting thread for connecting the rotary joint, and the end of the hollow runner close to the flange plate is provided with a boss for connecting the flange plate. The two ends of the hollow flow passage are connected with the flange plate and the rotary joint in a sealing way.
Furthermore, the horizontal linear module and the vertical linear module are screw modules which are composed of a base, a linear guide rail, a ball screw, a screw nut, a sliding block and a bearing seat.
The negative pressure polishing method for polishing the blind hole of the conductive workpiece based on the negative pressure polishing device for polishing the blind hole of the conductive workpiece comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the bottom end of a workpiece to be processed is arranged on the auxiliary clamping head through an auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring;
step two: starting a vertical module driving motor, driving a vertical sliding block on a vertical linear module to move linearly downwards, and driving a rotary clamping head to move downwards, so that the rotary clamping head is close to a workpiece to be processed on an auxiliary clamping head;
step three: starting a horizontal module driving motor, driving a rotary clamping head to move towards a workpiece to be processed in the horizontal direction by driving a horizontal sliding block on a horizontal linear module to move horizontally, and stopping the horizontal module driving motor when a proper position is reached;
step four: repeating the second step and the third step to enable the workpiece to be machined and the rotary clamping head to gradually approach until the machining end of the workpiece to be machined completely extends into the rotary clamping head, an O-shaped ring of a main clamping end in the rotary clamping head is completely sleeved on the machining end of the workpiece to be machined, the workpiece to be machined is clamped by the rotary clamping head and the auxiliary clamping head together, and the blind hole of the workpiece to be machined is communicated with the hollow flow channel;
step five: closing the abrasive flow inlet valve, opening the one-way valve of the air exhaust opening, starting the air exhaust device, and connecting the one-way valve of the air exhaust opening with the air exhaust device through an air exhaust pipeline to exhaust air so that the blind hole of the workpiece to be processed and the interior of the hollow flow passage are in a negative pressure state;
step six: the method comprises the steps that after the interior of a blind hole of a workpiece to be processed is in a negative pressure state, an air exhaust device is closed, and only one-way gas flow is allowed by an air exhaust port check valve, so that the interior of the blind hole of the workpiece to be processed is always in the negative pressure state, at the moment, an abrasive flow inlet valve is opened, a liquid metal abrasive flow generating device is started, and liquid metal abrasive flow generated in the liquid metal abrasive flow generating device sequentially flows through the abrasive flow inlet valve, a gas-liquid abrasive flow joint, a flow channel joint and a rotary joint to enter a hollow flow channel;
step seven: after the liquid metal abrasive flow is injected, closing an abrasive flow inlet valve, opening a rotary driving motor, and driving the movable end of the rotary joint, the hollow flow passage, the flange plate, the rotary clamping head and the whole body formed by the workpiece to be processed to rotate by the rotary driving motor through a synchronous belt mechanism consisting of a rotary driving wheel, a rotary driven wheel and a rotary synchronous belt;
step eight: a sinusoidal alternating current power supply connected with a three-phase stator coil is turned on, and the three-phase electronic coil can generate a rotating magnetic field under an alternating current field, so that the rotating magnetic field generated by the three-phase stator coil during working drives metal particles in the liquid metal polishing solution to move, and abrasive particles in the liquid metal polishing solution are accelerated to rotate and impact blind holes of a workpiece to be processed;
step nine: an external square wave alternating current power supply is opened, square wave alternating current is applied to a workpiece to be processed through a closed loop formed by the annular overcurrent slip ring, a slip ring rotor end lead, a conductive copper sheet, the workpiece to be processed, the conductive copper ring and the flange type overcurrent slip ring, an alternating current electric field is formed inside the workpiece to be processed under the action of the square wave alternating current, metal particles in liquid metal abrasive particle flow can perform reciprocating oscillating motion along the axial direction of a blind hole under the action of the alternating current electric field, the movement of abrasive particles in the liquid metal abrasive particle flow is more disordered, the blind hole polishing of the workpiece to be processed is further accelerated, and the blind hole polishing of the workpiece to be processed is completed.
Furthermore, in the eighth step, the rotating speed and the intensity of the rotating magnetic field generated by the three-phase stator coil are controlled by adjusting the frequency and the voltage of the externally connected sinusoidal alternating-current power supply, so that the change of the motion condition of metal particles in the liquid metal polishing solution is realized, and the change of the polishing efficiency is further realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can polish the blind holes of blind hole workpieces, and the blind holes of the workpieces to be polished are in a negative pressure state by pumping air, so that abrasive flow can enter the blind holes more smoothly.
2. The abrasive flow used by the invention is a liquid metal abrasive flow, and under the action of a rotating magnetic field generated by a three-phase stator coil, metal particles in the liquid metal abrasive flow can be in good contact with the surface of a workpiece to be machined, so that trace cutting is carried out, and the surface of a blind hole of the workpiece to be machined cannot be mechanically deformed; the polishing efficiency is faster, the effect is better, micro-cutting is carried out, and the mechanical deformation of the surface of a workpiece can not be caused.
3. The invention leads the hole opening of the workpiece to be processed to incline upwards, so that the abrasive flow is gathered in the blind hole in the polishing process, the adopted liquid metal abrasive flow generates turbulent flow under the rotating magnetic field, compared with the traditional medium water and oil, the liquid metal has the characteristics of large density, good flow controllability and the like, moreover, the fluidity of the liquid metal is closely related to the electric field and the magnetic field around the liquid metal, different processing modes can be carried out on the workpieces of conductor and non-conductor types by controlling the flow state of the liquid metal by changing the magnetic field, and the application range is wide.
4. The liquid metal abrasive flow is adopted for processing, the melting point of the liquid metal abrasive flow is low and can be controlled to be 8-29 ℃, meanwhile, the boiling point of the liquid metal abrasive flow is higher than 2000 ℃, gasification can be avoided, fluid management is facilitated, the liquid metal abrasive flow is non-combustible and non-toxic, and the safety ratio is high; meanwhile, the liquid metal abrasive flow can be separated by an electromagnetic purification technology after being used, so that the later recovery of the liquid metal abrasive flow is realized, and the energy is saved.
5. The invention only needs less abrasive flow in the polishing process, and the abrasive flow is non-toxic, has higher safety and less pollution, and is environment-friendly.
6. The invention uses the mobile positioning module composed of the horizontal straight line module and the vertical straight line module to carry out mobile positioning, and can accurately position in the space too fast.
7. The invention discloses a rotary flow channel assembly which can work in a relatively severe polishing environment through a synchronous belt wheel and a synchronous belt transmission.
8. According to the invention, the workpiece to be processed is obliquely placed on the right-angle triangular prism-shaped supporting block, and the blind hole of the workpiece to be processed has a certain inclination angle, so that the movement of abrasive particles flowing into the blind hole is better disordered during polishing, and the polishing effect is better.
9. When the polishing machine is used for polishing, a workpiece to be processed can be driven by the rotary driving motor to rotate mechanically, so that the liquid metal abrasive particle flow in the blind hole of the workpiece to be processed and the blind hole of the workpiece to be processed generate relative displacement, the polishing effect is better, and the efficiency is higher.
10. The rotary clamping head and the auxiliary clamping head disclosed by the invention are both used for clamping a workpiece to be machined, the rotary clamping head and the auxiliary clamping head can be conveniently disassembled and assembled, the rotary clamping head and the auxiliary clamping head can be designed and replaced according to the actual condition of the workpiece during machining, other changes of the whole device are not required, and the practicability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative pressure polishing apparatus for blind hole polishing of conductive workpieces according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structural head of the mobile positioning assembly of the present invention. .
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a structural head of the rotary flow channel assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional structural view of a flow channel of a rotary flow channel assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the hollow flow channel of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotary gripping head of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the rotating field assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotating field assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the mounting mechanism of the rotating driven disk and the flange type electric slip ring on the rotating field assembly of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a mobile positioning component, 2-a rotary flow channel component, 3-a rotary magnetic field component, 4-a workpiece to be polished, 5-a workbench, 101-a horizontal module mounting rack, 102-a horizontal linear module, 103-a horizontal sliding block, 104-a vertical sliding block, 105-a vertical module driving motor, 106-a vertical linear module, 107-a horizontal module driving motor, 201-a rotary clamping head, 202-a hollow flow channel, 203-an electric slip ring fixing seat, 204-an electric slip ring stator end lead, 205-a sliding rail connecting plate, 206-a rotary joint fixing seat, 207-a rotary flow channel fixing plate, 208-an air abrasive particle flow joint, 209-an abrasive particle flow inlet valve, 210-an air suction port one-way valve, 211-a flow channel joint, 212-a rotary joint, a rotary magnetic field component, 213-an over-current slip ring, 214-a rotating motor, 215-a rotating motor fixing plate, 216-a synchronous belt, 217-a rotating driven wheel, 218-a positioning nut, 219-a flange, 220-a positioning nut mounting thread, 221-an electric slip ring rotor wire guide groove, 222-a clamping head end O-ring, 223-a conductive copper ring, 224-a rotating driving wheel, 301-a supporting block, 302-a three-phase stator coil, 303-a three-phase stator coil fixing seat, 304-a rotating driven disc, 305-a driven disc end O-ring, 306-a flange type over-current slip ring, 307-a conductive copper sheet, 308-an over-current slip ring rotor end wire and 309-an over-current slip ring stator end wire.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, a negative pressure polishing device for blind hole polishing of a conductive workpiece includes a worktable 5, a mobile positioning device 1, a rotating flow channel device 2 and a rotating magnetic field device 3, wherein the mobile positioning device 1 is installed on the worktable 5, the rotating flow channel device 2 is installed on the mobile positioning device 1, and the rotating magnetic field device 3 is fixed on the worktable 5 obliquely below the rotating flow channel device 2.
The mobile positioning device 1 comprises a horizontal module mounting frame 101, a horizontal linear module 102, a horizontal module driving motor 107, a vertical linear module 106 and a vertical module driving motor 105, wherein the horizontal module mounting frame 101 is fixed on the workbench 5; the horizontal linear module 102 is horizontally fixed on the horizontal module mounting frame 101, the horizontal module driving motor 107 is fixed at one end of the horizontal linear module 102, and a driving shaft of the horizontal module driving motor 107 is connected with the horizontal linear module 102 and drives the horizontal slider 103 on the horizontal linear module 102 to do linear motion along the horizontal direction; the vertical linear module 106 is vertically fixed on the horizontal sliding block 103 of the horizontal linear module 102, the vertical module driving motor 105 is fixed at the upper end of the vertical linear module 106, and a driving shaft of the vertical module driving motor 105 is connected with the vertical linear module 106 and drives the vertical sliding block 104 on the vertical linear module 106 to do linear motion along the vertical direction; the rotary runner device 2 is arranged on a vertical slide block 104 of a vertical linear module 106, and the rotary magnetic field device 3 is arranged on a workbench 5 beside the horizontal module mounting rack 101; the rotating magnetic field device 3 and the rotating flow channel device 2 are arranged on the same side of the vertical slide 104.
The rotating magnetic field device 3 comprises a supporting block 301, a rotating driven disc 304, a three-phase stator coil 302, a flange type electric slip ring 306, a conductive copper sheet 307 and a stator coil fixing seat 303, wherein the supporting block 301 is fixed on the workbench 5, and an inclined upward installation inclined surface is arranged on the supporting block 301; a circular groove for mounting the stator coil fixing seat 303 and an electric slip ring mounting groove for mounting the flange type electric slip ring 306 are formed in the mounting inclined plane; the electric slip ring mounting groove and the circular groove are coaxially arranged, the electric slip ring mounting groove is arranged in the circular groove, the stator coil fixing seat 303 is embedded in the circular groove of the mounting inclined plane, the flange type electric slip ring 306 is embedded in the electric slip ring mounting groove of the inclined plane, the stator end of the flange type electric slip ring 306 is fixedly mounted in the electric slip ring mounting groove, and the rotor end of the flange type electric slip ring 306 is fixedly connected with the fixed end of the rotary driven disc 304; a workpiece mounting groove is formed in the rotary driven disc 304, a conductive copper sheet 307 is arranged on the inner wall of the workpiece mounting groove of the rotary driven disc 304, the conductive copper sheet 307 is connected with a lead of a rotor end of the flange type overcurrent slip ring 306, and a lead of a stator end of the flange type overcurrent slip ring 306 is connected with an input line of an external square wave alternating current power supply; the three-phase stator coil 302 is fixed on a stator coil fixing seat 303, and the three-phase stator coil 302 is arranged around the whole rotary driven disc 304; the input end of the three-phase stator coil 302 is connected with an external sine alternating current power supply.
The rotary runner device 2 comprises a rotary clamping head 201, a rotary joint 212, a fixed seat 212, a runner fixing plate 207, a sliding rail connecting plate 205, a pumping port check valve 210, a gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint 208, an abrasive particle flow inlet valve 209, a runner joint 211, a hollow runner 202, a rotary joint 212, a flange 219, a rotary driving motor 214, a rotary driving wheel 224, a rotary driven wheel 217, a rotary synchronous belt 216, an annular over-current slip ring 213, an electric slip ring fixed seat 203, an electric slip ring stator end lead wire 204, a slip ring rotor end lead wire 221, a conductive copper ring 223 and a main clamping end O-ring 222, wherein the sliding rail connecting plate 205 is vertically installed on a vertical sliding block 104 of a vertical linear module 106, the runner fixing plate 207 is fixedly installed on the sliding rail connecting plate 205, the rotary joint 212, the fixed seat 206 and the electric slip ring fixed seat 203 are both, the rotary joint 212 is arranged on the rotary joint 212 fixing seat 206 of the rotary joint 212, and the axial lead of the rotary joint 212 is parallel to the axial lead of the rotary driven disc 304 when the rotary joint 212 is arranged; one end of the rotary joint 212, which is close to the rotary magnetic field module, is a rotating end of the rotary joint 212, one end of the hollow runner 202 is fixedly connected with the rotating end of the rotary joint 212, the other end of the hollow runner 202 is sleeved with a flange 219, the rotary clamping head 201 is installed on the flange 219, the rotary clamping head 201 is right opposite to an installation inclined plane of the rotary runner device 2, an axial lead of the rotary clamping head 201 is perpendicular to the installation inclined plane, and the axial lead of the hollow runner 202 is parallel to axial leads of the rotary driven disc 304 and the rotary clamping head 201 when the hollow runner 202 is installed; the annular over-current slip ring 213 is arranged on the electric slip ring fixing seat 203, and the annular over-current slip ring 213 is sleeved on the hollow runner 202; the annular over-current slip ring 213 is connected with the other input line of the external square wave alternating current power supply through a slip ring stator lead; a first rotor wire groove is formed in the hollow runner 202, the first rotor wire groove extends to the end face, connected with the flange 219, of the hollow runner 202 along the outer wall of the hollow runner 202, a second rotor wire groove is formed in the flange 219, one end of the second rotor wire groove is communicated with the first rotor wire groove in the hollow runner 202, the other end of the second rotor wire groove extends to the end face, used for clamping one end of a workpiece to be machined, of the flange 219, a conductive copper ring 223 is installed at one end, used for clamping the workpiece to be machined, of the flange 219, a slip ring rotor end wire 221 is embedded in the first rotor wire groove and the second rotor wire groove, one end of a slip ring rotor end wire 221 is attached to the annular over-current slip ring 213, and the other end of the slip ring rotor end wire 221 is connected with the conductive copper ring 223; the two ends of the workpiece to be machined are clamped through the rotary clamping head 201 and the rotary driven disc 304 respectively, the blind hole of the workpiece to be machined is located at one end of the rotary clamping head 201, and the conductive copper ring 223 is attached to the workpiece to be machined when the workpiece to be machined is clamped on the rotary clamping head 201; the other end of the rotary joint 212 is a fixed end of the rotary joint 212, the fixed end of the rotary joint 212 is connected with a gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint 208 through a flow joint 211, the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint 208 is provided with three inlets and outlets which are respectively an abrasive particle flow inlet end, an abrasive particle flow outlet end and an air exhaust end, the abrasive particle flow inlet end, the abrasive particle flow outlet end and the air exhaust end are communicated with each other, the abrasive particle flow outlet end of the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint 208 is connected with the flow joint 211, the abrasive particle flow inlet end of the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint 208 is connected with an external liquid metal abrasive particle flow generating device through an abrasive particle flow inlet valve 209 and an abrasive particle flow pipeline, the abrasive particle flow generated by the liquid metal abrasive particle flow generating device is a liquid metal abrasive particle flow, the air exhaust end of the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint 208, The hollow nipple and the rotary gripping head 201 together constitute a rotation.
The rotary clamping head 201 comprises a flange-shaped fixed flange end and a main mounting end for fixing a workpiece to be machined, the fixed flange end of the rotary clamping head 201 is fixedly connected with the flange plate 219, a workpiece mounting main groove matched with the shape of the machining end of the workpiece to be machined is formed in the main mounting end of the rotary clamping head 201, the machining end of the workpiece to be machined is mounted in the workpiece mounting main groove, a main clamping end O-shaped ring 222 for preventing the machining end of the workpiece to be machined from sliding is arranged in the workpiece mounting main groove of the rotary clamping head 201, the inner ring of the main clamping end O-shaped ring 222 is attached to and sleeved at the machining end of the workpiece to be machined, and the outer ring of the main clamping end O-shaped ring 222 is attached to the inner wall of the workpiece mounting main groove; the rotary driven disc 304 comprises a cylindrical fixed end and an auxiliary mounting end used for fixing a workpiece to be processed, the fixed end of the rotary driven disc 304 is fixed in a circular groove of the supporting block 301, a workpiece mounting auxiliary groove matched with the shape of the rear end of the workpiece to be processed is formed in the auxiliary mounting end of the rotary driven disc 304, the rear end of the workpiece to be processed is mounted in the workpiece mounting auxiliary groove, an auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring used for preventing the workpiece to be processed from sliding is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece mounting auxiliary groove of the rotary driven disc 304, an inner ring of the auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring is attached to and sleeved at the rear end of the workpiece to be processed, an outer ring of the auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring is attached to the inner wall of the auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring 222, and the conductive copper sheet 307 is arranged on the inner wall of the auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring.
Horizontal straight line module 102 passes through the bolt fastening on horizontal module mounting bracket 101, and horizontal module mounting bracket 101 passes through the bolt fastening on workstation 5, and vertical straight line module 106 passes through the bolt fastening on horizontal slider 103 of horizontal straight line module 102. .
The gas-liquid abrasive flow joint 208 is a square joint, and the gas-liquid abrasive flow joint 208 is fixed on the slide rail connecting plate 205.
The rotary joint 212 and the rotary joint 212 fixing seat 206 comprise a flow channel fixing base and a flow channel fixing upper seat, arc-shaped grooves matched with the hollow flow channel 202 are formed in the hollow flow channel 202 base and the flow channel fixing upper seat, the hollow flow channel 202 base and the flow channel fixing upper seat clamp the hollow flow channel 202 together, and the hollow flow channel 202 base and the flow channel fixing upper seat are fixedly connected through bolts.
The axial lead of the hollow flow passage 202 and the axial lead of the fixed end of the rotary driven disc 304 are inclined at an angle of 30-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the axial lead of the hollow flow passage 202 and the axial lead of the fixed end of the rotary driven disc 304 are perpendicular to the installation inclined plane of the supporting block 301.
The supporting block 301 is a supporting block 301 in a right-angle triangular prism shape, two right-angle surfaces and an installation inclined surface are arranged on the supporting block 301, the right-angle surfaces of the supporting block 301 are fixedly installed on the workbench 5, the rotary driven disc 304 is installed at the rotor end of the flange type over-current slip ring 306, and the flange 219 of the flange type over-current slip ring 306 is installed on the installation inclined surface.
The middle of the hollow runner 202 is provided with middle positioning and mounting threads for mounting the annular over-current slip ring 213, the end of the hollow runner 202 close to the rotary joint 212 is provided with tail end positioning and mounting threads for connecting the rotary joint 212, and the end of the hollow runner 202 close to the flange 219 is provided with a boss for connecting the flange 219. The two ends of the hollow flow passage 202 are hermetically connected with the flange 219 and the rotary joint 212.
The negative pressure polishing method for polishing the blind hole of the conductive workpiece based on the negative pressure polishing device for polishing the blind hole of the conductive workpiece comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the bottom end of a workpiece to be processed is arranged on the rotary driven disc 304 through an O-shaped ring at the auxiliary clamping end;
step two: starting a vertical module driving motor 105, driving a vertical slider 104 on a vertical linear module 106 to move linearly downwards, and driving a rotary clamping head 201 to move downwards, so that the rotary clamping head 201 is close to a workpiece to be processed on a rotary driven disc 304;
step three: starting a horizontal module driving motor 107, driving a rotary clamping head 201 to move towards a workpiece to be processed in the horizontal direction by driving a horizontal sliding block 103 on a horizontal linear module 102 to move horizontally, and stopping the horizontal module driving motor 107 when reaching a proper position;
step four: repeating the second step and the third step to enable the workpiece to be machined and the rotary clamping head 201 to gradually approach until the machining end of the workpiece to be machined completely extends into the rotary clamping head 201, the main clamping end O-shaped ring 222 in the rotary clamping head 201 is completely sleeved on the machining end of the workpiece to be machined, the workpiece to be machined is clamped by the rotary clamping head 201 and the rotary driven disc 304 together, and the blind hole of the workpiece to be machined is communicated with the hollow runner 202;
step five: closing the abrasive flow inlet valve 209, opening the air suction port one-way valve 210, starting an air suction device, and connecting the air suction device with the air suction port one-way valve 210 through an air suction pipeline for air suction to enable the blind hole of the workpiece to be machined and the interior of the hollow flow passage 202 to be in a negative pressure state;
step six: the inside of the blind hole of the workpiece to be processed is in a negative pressure state, then the air extractor is closed, the one-way valve 210 at the air extraction opening only allows gas to flow in a one-way mode, so that the inside of the blind hole of the workpiece to be processed is always kept in a negative pressure state, at the moment, the abrasive particle flow inlet valve 209 is opened, the liquid metal abrasive particle flow generating device is started, liquid metal abrasive particle flow generated in the liquid metal abrasive particle flow generating device sequentially flows through the abrasive particle flow inlet valve 209, the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint 208, the flow joint 211 and the rotary joint 212 to enter the hollow flow channel 202, and the blind hole of the workpiece to be processed and the hollow flow channel 202 are both in a negative pressure state;
step seven: after the liquid metal abrasive flow is injected, the abrasive flow inlet valve 209 is closed, the rotary driving motor 214 is turned on, and the rotary driving motor 214 drives the movable end of the rotary joint 212, the hollow runner 202, the flange 219, the rotary clamping head 201 and the whole body formed by the workpiece to be processed to rotate through a synchronous belt mechanism consisting of a rotary driving wheel 224, a rotary driven wheel 217 and a rotary synchronous belt 216;
step eight: a sinusoidal alternating current power supply connected with the three-phase stator coil 302 is turned on, and because the three-phase electronic coil can generate a rotating magnetic field under an alternating current field, the rotating magnetic field generated when the three-phase stator coil 302 works drives metal particles in the liquid metal polishing solution to move, so that abrasive particles in the liquid metal polishing solution are accelerated to rotate and impact blind holes of a workpiece to be processed;
step nine: an external square wave alternating current power supply is turned on, square wave alternating current is applied to the workpiece to be processed through a closed loop formed by the annular overcurrent slip ring 213, the slip ring rotor end lead 221, the conductive copper sheet 307, the workpiece to be processed, the conductive copper ring 223 and the flange type overcurrent slip ring 306, an alternating current electric field can be formed inside the workpiece to be processed under the action of the square wave alternating current, metal particles in the liquid metal abrasive particle flow can perform reciprocating oscillating motion along the axial direction of the blind hole under the action of the alternating current electric field, the movement of abrasive particles in the liquid metal abrasive particle flow is more disordered, and therefore blind hole polishing of the workpiece to be processed is further accelerated until blind hole polishing of the workpiece to be processed is completed.
In the eighth step, the rotation speed and the intensity of the rotating magnetic field generated by the three-phase stator coil 302 are controlled by adjusting the frequency and the voltage of the external sinusoidal alternating-current power supply, so that the movement condition of metal particles in the liquid metal polishing solution is changed, and the polishing efficiency is further changed.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, so long as the technical solutions can be realized on the basis of the above embodiments without creative efforts, which should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a negative pressure burnishing device for electrically conductive work piece blind hole polishing which characterized in that: the device comprises a workbench (5), a mobile positioning device (1), a rotary flow channel device (2) and a rotary magnetic field device (3), wherein the mobile positioning device (1) is arranged on the workbench (5), the rotary flow channel device (2) is arranged on the mobile positioning device (1), and the rotary magnetic field device (3) is fixed on the workbench (5) obliquely below the rotary flow channel device (2);
the mobile positioning device (1) comprises a horizontal module mounting frame (101), a horizontal linear module (102), a horizontal module driving motor (107), a vertical linear module (106) and a vertical module driving motor (105), wherein the horizontal module mounting frame (101) is fixed on the workbench (5); the horizontal linear module (102) is horizontally fixed on the horizontal module mounting frame (101), the horizontal module driving motor (107) is fixed at one end of the horizontal linear module (102), and a driving shaft of the horizontal module driving motor (107) is connected with the horizontal linear module (102) and drives a horizontal sliding block (103) on the horizontal linear module (102) to do linear motion along the horizontal direction; the vertical linear module (106) is vertically fixed on a horizontal sliding block (103) of the horizontal linear module (102), a vertical module driving motor (105) is fixed at the upper end of the vertical linear module (106), and a driving shaft of the vertical module driving motor (105) is connected with the vertical linear module (106) and drives a vertical sliding block (104) on the vertical linear module (106) to do linear motion along the vertical direction; the rotary flow channel device (2) is arranged on a vertical sliding block (104) of a vertical linear module (106), and the rotary magnetic field device (3) is arranged on a workbench (5) beside the horizontal module mounting rack (101); the rotating magnetic field device (3) and the rotating flow channel device (2) are arranged on the same side of the vertical sliding block (104);
the rotating magnetic field device (3) comprises a supporting block (301), a rotating driven disc (304), a three-phase stator coil (302), a flange type electric slip ring (306), a conductive copper sheet (307) and a stator coil fixing seat (303), wherein the supporting block (301) is fixed on the workbench (5), and an installation inclined plane inclining upwards is arranged on the supporting block (301); a circular groove for mounting the stator coil fixing seat (303) and an electric slip ring mounting groove for mounting the flange type electric slip ring (306) are formed in the mounting inclined plane; the electric slip ring mounting groove and the circular groove are coaxially arranged, the electric slip ring mounting groove is arranged in the circular groove, the stator coil fixing seat (303) is embedded in the circular groove of the mounting inclined plane, the flange type electric slip ring (306) is embedded in the electric slip ring mounting groove of the inclined plane, the stator end of the flange type electric slip ring (306) is fixedly mounted in the electric slip ring mounting groove, and the rotor end of the flange type electric slip ring (306) is fixedly connected with the fixed end of the rotary driven disc (304); a workpiece mounting groove is formed in the rotary driven disc (304), a conductive copper sheet (307) is arranged on the inner wall of the workpiece mounting groove of the rotary driven disc (304), the conductive copper sheet (307) is connected with a lead of a rotor end of the flange type over-current slip ring (306), and a lead of a stator end of the flange type over-current slip ring (306) is connected with an input line of an external square wave alternating current power supply; the three-phase stator coil (302) is fixed on the stator coil fixing seat (303), and the three-phase stator coil (302) is arranged around the whole rotary driven disc (304); the input end of the three-phase stator coil (302) is connected with an external sine alternating current power supply;
the rotary flow channel device (2) comprises a rotary clamping head (201), a rotary joint (212) fixing seat (206), a flow channel fixing plate (207), a sliding rail connecting plate (205), an air suction port one-way valve (210), a gas-liquid abrasive flow joint (208), an abrasive flow inlet valve (209), a flow channel joint (211), a hollow flow channel (202), a rotary joint (212), a flange plate (219), a rotary driving motor (214), a rotary driving wheel (224), a rotary driven wheel (217), a rotary synchronous belt (216), an annular electric passing slip ring (213), an electric slip ring fixing seat (203), an electric slip ring stator end lead (204), a slip ring rotor end lead (221), a conductive copper ring (223) and a main clamping end O-shaped ring (222), wherein the sliding rail connecting plate (205) is vertically arranged on a vertical sliding block (104) of a vertical linear module (106), and the flow channel fixing plate (207) is fixedly arranged, the rotating joint (212) and the rotating joint (212) fixing seat (206) and the electric slip ring fixing seat (203) are both fixedly arranged on the flow channel fixing plate (207), the rotating joint (212) is arranged on the rotating joint (212) fixing seat (206) of the rotating joint (212), and the axial line of the rotating joint (212) is parallel to the axial line of the rotating driven disc (304) when the rotating joint (212) is arranged; one end of the rotary joint (212), which is close to the rotary magnetic field module, is a rotating end of the rotary joint (212), one end of the hollow runner (202) is fixedly connected with the rotating end of the rotary joint (212), the other end of the hollow runner (202) is sleeved with a flange (219), the rotary clamping head (201) is installed on the flange (219), the rotary clamping head (201) is right opposite to an installation inclined plane of the rotary runner device (2), the axial lead of the rotary clamping head (201) is perpendicular to the installation inclined plane, and the axial lead of the hollow runner (202) is parallel to the axial leads of the rotary driven disc (304) and the rotary clamping head (201) when the hollow runner (202) is installed; the annular over-current slip ring (213) is arranged on the electric slip ring fixing seat (203), and the annular over-current slip ring (213) is sleeved on the hollow runner (202); the annular over-current slip ring (213) is connected with the other input line of the external square wave alternating current power supply through a slip ring stator lead; a first rotor lead groove is arranged on the hollow runner (202), the first rotor lead groove extends to the end face of one end of the hollow runner (202) connected with the flange (219) along the outer wall of the hollow runner (202), a second rotor wire groove is formed in the flange (219), one end of the second rotor wire groove is communicated with a first rotor wire groove in the hollow runner (202), the other end of the second rotor wire groove extends to the end face, used for clamping one end of a workpiece to be machined, of the flange (219), a conductive copper ring (223) is installed at one end, used for clamping the workpiece to be machined, of the flange (219), a slip ring rotor end wire (221) is embedded in the first rotor wire groove and the second rotor wire groove, one end of a slip ring rotor end wire (221) is attached to the annular overcurrent slip ring (213), and the other end of the slip ring rotor end wire (221) is connected with the conductive copper ring (223); the two ends of a workpiece to be processed are clamped through a rotary clamping head (201) and a rotary driven disc (304) respectively, a blind hole of the workpiece to be processed is located at one end of the rotary clamping head (201), and a conductive copper ring (223) is attached to the workpiece to be processed when the workpiece to be processed is clamped on the rotary clamping head (201); the other end of the rotating joint (212) is a fixed end of the rotating joint (212), the fixed end of the rotating joint (212) is connected with a gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint (208) through a flow joint (211), the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint (208) is provided with three inlets and outlets which are respectively an abrasive particle flow inlet end, an abrasive particle flow outlet end and an air exhaust end, the abrasive particle flow inlet end, the abrasive particle flow outlet end and the air exhaust end are communicated with each other, the abrasive particle flow outlet end of the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint (208) is connected with an external liquid metal abrasive particle flow generating device through an abrasive particle flow inlet valve (209) and an abrasive particle flow pipeline, the abrasive particle flow generated by the liquid metal abrasive particle flow generating device is liquid metal abrasive particle flow, and the air exhaust end of the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint (208) is connected with the external air exhaust device through an air exhaust port one-way valve (210, the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint (208), the flow channel joint (211), the hollow joint and the rotary clamping head (201) jointly rotate.
2. The negative pressure polishing device for blind hole polishing of conductive workpieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotary clamping head (201) comprises a flange-shaped fixed flange end and a main mounting end used for fixing a workpiece to be machined, the fixed flange end of the rotary clamping head (201) is fixedly connected with the flange plate (219), a workpiece mounting main groove matched with the shape of the machining end of the workpiece to be machined is formed in the main mounting end of the rotary clamping head (201), the machining end of the workpiece to be machined is mounted in the workpiece mounting main groove, a main clamping end O-shaped ring (222) used for preventing the machining end of the workpiece to be machined from sliding is arranged in the workpiece mounting main groove of the rotary clamping head (201), the inner ring of the main clamping end O-shaped ring (222) is attached to and sleeved at the machining end of the workpiece to be machined, and the outer ring of the main clamping end O-shaped ring (222) is attached to the inner wall of the workpiece mounting main groove; the rotary driven disc (304) comprises a cylindrical fixed end and an auxiliary mounting end for fixing a workpiece to be processed, the fixed end of the rotary driven disc (304) is fixed in the circular groove of the supporting block (301), a workpiece mounting auxiliary groove matched with the shape of the rear end of a workpiece to be machined is arranged in the auxiliary mounting end of the rotary driven disc (304), the rear end of the workpiece to be machined is mounted in the workpiece mounting auxiliary groove, an auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring for preventing the workpiece to be machined from sliding is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece mounting auxiliary groove of the rotary driven disc (304), the inner ring of the auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring is attached to and sleeved at the rear end of the workpiece to be machined, the outer ring of the auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring is attached to the inner wall of the workpiece mounting auxiliary groove, the conductive copper ring (223) is arranged on the inner wall of the main clamping end O-shaped ring (222), and the conductive copper sheet (307) is arranged on the inner wall of the auxiliary clamping end O-shaped ring.
3. The negative pressure polishing device for blind hole polishing of conductive workpieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: horizontal straight line module (102) pass through the bolt fastening on horizontal module mounting bracket (101), and horizontal module mounting bracket (101) pass through the bolt fastening on workstation (5), and vertical straight line module (106) pass through the bolt fastening on horizontal slider (103) of horizontal straight line module (102). .
4. The negative pressure polishing device for blind hole polishing of conductive workpieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint (208) is a square joint, and the gas-liquid abrasive particle flow joint (208) is fixed on the sliding rail connecting plate (205).
5. The negative pressure polishing device for blind hole polishing of conductive workpieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotary joint (212) and the rotary joint (212) fixing seat (206) comprise a flow channel fixing base and a flow channel fixing upper seat, arc-shaped grooves matched with the hollow flow channel (202) are formed in the hollow flow channel (202) base and the flow channel fixing upper seat, the hollow flow channel (202) base and the flow channel fixing upper seat clamp the hollow flow channel (202) together, and the hollow flow channel (202) base and the flow channel fixing upper seat are fixedly connected through bolts.
6. The negative pressure polishing device for blind hole polishing of conductive workpieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the axial lead of the hollow flow passage (202) and the axial lead of the fixed end of the rotary driven disc (304) are inclined at an angle of 30-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the axial lead of the hollow flow passage (202) and the axial lead of the fixed end of the rotary driven disc (304) are perpendicular to the installation inclined plane of the supporting block (301).
7. The negative pressure polishing device for blind hole polishing of conductive workpieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supporting block (301) is a supporting block (301) in a right-angle triangular prism shape, two right-angle surfaces and an installation inclined surface are arranged on the supporting block (301), the right-angle surfaces of the supporting block (301) are fixedly installed on the workbench (5), the rotary driven disc (304) is installed at the rotor end of the flange type electric slip ring (306), and the flange plate (219) of the flange type electric slip ring (306) is installed on the installation inclined surface.
8. The negative pressure polishing device for blind hole polishing of conductive workpieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle of the hollow runner (202) is provided with middle positioning and mounting threads for mounting the annular over-current slip ring (213), the end, close to the rotary joint (212), of the hollow runner (202) is provided with tail end positioning and mounting threads for connecting the rotary joint (212), and the end, close to the flange plate (219), of the hollow runner (202) is provided with a boss for connecting the flange plate (219). The two ends of the hollow flow passage (202) are connected with the flange (219) and the rotary joint (212) in a sealing way.
9. The negative pressure polishing method for blind hole polishing of conductive workpiece based on the negative pressure polishing device for blind hole polishing of conductive workpiece as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the bottom end of a workpiece to be processed is arranged on a rotary driven disc (304) through an O-shaped ring at an auxiliary clamping end;
step two: starting a vertical module driving motor (105), driving a vertical sliding block (104) on a vertical linear module (106) to move linearly downwards, and driving a rotary clamping head (201) to move downwards, so that the rotary clamping head (201) is close to a workpiece to be machined on a rotary driven disc (304);
step three: starting a horizontal module driving motor (107), driving a rotary clamping head (201) to move towards a workpiece to be processed in the horizontal direction by driving a horizontal sliding block (103) on a horizontal linear module (102) to move horizontally, and stopping the horizontal module driving motor (107) when reaching a proper position;
step four: repeating the second step and the third step to enable the workpiece to be machined and the rotary clamping head (201) to gradually approach until the machining end of the workpiece to be machined completely extends into the rotary clamping head (201), an O-shaped ring (222) at the main clamping end in the rotary clamping head (201) is completely sleeved on the machining end of the workpiece to be machined, the workpiece to be machined is clamped by the rotary clamping head (201) and the rotary driven disc (304) together, and the blind hole of the workpiece to be machined is communicated with the hollow flow channel (202);
step five: closing the abrasive flow inlet valve (209), opening the air suction port one-way valve (210), starting an air suction device, and connecting the air suction device with the air suction port one-way valve (210) through an air suction pipeline for air suction to enable the blind hole of the workpiece to be machined and the interior of the hollow flow passage (202) to be in a negative pressure state;
step six: the method comprises the steps that after the interior of a blind hole of a workpiece to be machined is in a negative pressure state, an air exhaust device is closed, and only one-way gas flow is allowed by an air exhaust port one-way valve (210), so that the interior of the blind hole of the workpiece to be machined is always kept in the negative pressure state, at the moment, an abrasive flow inlet valve (209) is opened, a liquid metal abrasive flow generating device is started, and liquid metal abrasive flow generated in the liquid metal abrasive flow generating device sequentially flows through the abrasive flow inlet valve (209), a gas-liquid abrasive flow joint (208), a flow passage joint (211) and a rotary joint (212) to enter a hollow flow passage (202), and because the blind hole of the workpiece to be machined and the hollow flow passage (202) are in the negative pressure state, the;
step seven: after the injection of the liquid metal abrasive flow is finished, an abrasive flow inlet valve (209) is closed, a rotary driving motor (214) is turned on, and the rotary driving motor (214) drives the movable end of a rotary joint (212), the hollow flow channel (202), the flange plate (219), the rotary clamping head (201) and the whole body formed by the workpiece to be processed to rotate through a synchronous belt mechanism consisting of a rotary driving wheel (224), a rotary driven wheel (217) and a rotary synchronous belt (216);
step eight: a sinusoidal alternating current power supply connected with the three-phase stator coil (302) is turned on, and the three-phase electronic coil can generate a rotating magnetic field under the alternating current field, so that the rotating magnetic field generated when the three-phase stator coil (302) works drives metal particles in the liquid metal polishing solution to move, and abrasive particles in the liquid metal polishing solution are accelerated to rotate and impact blind holes of a workpiece to be processed;
step nine: an external square wave alternating current power supply is turned on, square wave alternating current is applied to a workpiece to be processed through a closed loop formed by an annular overcurrent slip ring (213), a slip ring rotor end lead (221), a conductive copper sheet (307), the workpiece to be processed, a conductive copper ring (223) and a flange type overcurrent slip ring (306), an alternating current electric field is formed inside the workpiece to be processed under the action of the square wave alternating current, metal particles in liquid metal abrasive particle flow can perform reciprocating oscillation motion along the axial direction of a blind hole under the action of the alternating current electric field, and abrasive particle motion in the liquid metal abrasive particle flow is more disordered, so that blind hole polishing of the workpiece to be processed is further accelerated until blind hole polishing of the workpiece to be processed is completed.
10. A method of polishing blind holes in a non-conductive part according to claim 9, wherein: and in the eighth step, the rotating speed and the intensity of a rotating magnetic field generated by the three-phase stator coil (302) are controlled by adjusting the frequency and the voltage of an externally connected sinusoidal alternating current power supply, so that the change of the motion condition of metal particles in the liquid metal polishing solution is realized, and the change of the polishing efficiency is further realized.
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