CN110639926A - Composite ball for disposing incineration fly ash, and fusion treatment device and method - Google Patents
Composite ball for disposing incineration fly ash, and fusion treatment device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110639926A CN110639926A CN201910849975.4A CN201910849975A CN110639926A CN 110639926 A CN110639926 A CN 110639926A CN 201910849975 A CN201910849975 A CN 201910849975A CN 110639926 A CN110639926 A CN 110639926A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- shell
- composite
- graphite carbon
- silicon carbide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 197
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010344 co-firing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/10—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an adsorption step
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/40—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by heating to effect chemical change, e.g. pyrolysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/25—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix
- B09B3/29—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix involving a melting or softening step
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/08—Toxic combustion residues, e.g. toxic substances contained in fly ash from waste incineration
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite ball for disposing incineration fly ash, a melting treatment device and a method, wherein the composite ball is a composite ball wrapped with fly ash, and the composite ball is formed by a central core of a fly ash pellet and a shell completely wrapping the central core of the fly ash pellet; the shell is a graphite carbon shell and/or a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure of silicon carbide. The melt processing apparatus includes: an induction melting furnace and a plurality of composite balls wrapping fly ash; wherein, the composite balls wrapped with the fly ash are all the composite balls; the composite balls wrapped with the fly ash are filled in the induction melting furnace, and the shell of each composite ball wrapped with the fly ash and the active carbon in the fly ash pellets used as the central core can be subjected to induction heating melting treatment by using a high-frequency electric field of the induction melting furnace to form the incineration fly ash of the fly ash pellets. The composite ball, the treatment device and the method solve the problem of chlorine corrosion of equipment in the high-temperature treatment process of the incineration fly ash, and simultaneously, dioxin is thoroughly decomposed and the heavy metal curing effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of incineration fly ash treatment, in particular to a composite ball for treating incineration fly ash, a melting treatment device and a melting treatment method.
Background
The incineration fly ash of the household garbage or the medical waste is rich in a large amount of toxic and harmful substances such as heavy metal, dioxin and the like, and belongs to dangerous waste.
At present, the harmless treatment methods for the waste incineration fly ash mainly comprise the following steps:
the first is solidification landfill, which is to mix fly ash with cement/chelating agent in a certain proportion, and send the mixture to landfill after solidification treatment. Because the domestic garbage in China has higher content of plastic substances and chloride, especially alkali metal chloride, in the incineration fly ash, the strength and the water immersion durability of a solidified body of the incineration fly ash are poorer when cement or lime is adopted for solidification, and the interception of heavy metal is only caused by the strong alkaline action of the cement or lime. Meanwhile, the long-term fixing effect on heavy metal is poor, dioxin is difficult to eliminate or stabilize, and the hidden danger of secondary pollution exists.
The second is the cooperative disposal of the cement kiln, but the treatment process is easily influenced by the properties of the fly ash, and pollutants such as heavy metals enriched and concentrated in the fly ash through multiple complex processes are re-dispersed in cement clinker products to form the risk of 'reverse pollution'.
The third method is a melting treatment method, in which toxic and harmful organic substances such as dioxin in the fly ash are thoroughly destroyed by high-temperature treatment, and other substances are melted into glass slag, which is widely used in japan, and the high-temperature treatment method is considered as an advanced technology for fly ash treatment because of its high degree of stabilization and uniform quality, which can achieve the aims of harmlessness, stabilization and recycling, although the treatment cost is high.
The plasma fly ash melting method is mainly advocated internationally and domestically, but the plasma torch technology is immature, the price is high, the service life is short, and continuous operation cannot be realized; the fly ash has high chlorine content and produces HCl and Cl in the high temperature treatment process2When acid gases exist, alkali metal volatilization exists at the same time, severe corrosion is caused to equipment, and even if a corrosion-resistant refractory material is adopted, the problem of frequent replacement is also faced; the power consumption of plasma treatment is high; volatile heavy metals and salts can not be solidified, and the like, and the popularization and the application are difficult to realize all the time.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a composite ball for treating incineration fly ash, a fusion treatment device and a fusion treatment method, which can efficiently, economically, environmentally and conveniently carry out fusion treatment on the incineration fly ash and solve the problems of complex system, high equipment investment, high maintenance and operation cost, incapability of long-time continuous operation, high power consumption, low solidification ratio of volatile heavy metals and salts and the like in the conventional plasma treatment of the incineration fly ash.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a composite ball for treating incineration fly ash, which is a composite ball wrapped with fly ash and formed by a central core of a fly ash pellet and a shell completely wrapping the central core of the fly ash pellet;
the shell is a single-layer compact graphite carbon shell or a single-layer compact silicon carbide shell; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon and silicon carbide; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a fusion treatment apparatus for treating incineration fly ash, including:
an induction melting furnace and a plurality of composite balls wrapping fly ash; wherein the composite balls for disposing incineration fly ash of any one of claims 1 to 3 are adopted for each composite ball for wrapping fly ash;
and a plurality of the composite balls wrapping the fly ash are filled in the induction melting furnace, and the shell of each composite ball wrapping the fly ash and the activated carbon in the fly ash pellets serving as the central core can be subjected to induction heating melting by using a high-frequency electric field of the induction melting furnace to form the incineration fly ash of the fly ash pellets.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a fusion treatment method for treating incineration fly ash, which adopts the fusion treatment device provided by the invention and comprises the following steps:
step 4, discharging all the composite balls coated with the fly ash from the induction melting furnace, and removing a shell after natural cooling or quick cooling to obtain harmless glass slag formed after melting the incineration fly ash;
and 5, sending the harmless glass slag formed after the incineration fly ash is melted to a common landfill for landfill treatment or recycling as building materials, namely completing the melting treatment of the incineration fly ash.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the composite ball and melting treatment device and method for treating incineration fly ash provided by the embodiment of the invention have the beneficial effects that:
(1) the decomposition of dioxin is thorough: because the shell of the composite balls wrapping the fly ash is made of graphite carbon or silicon carbide materials, the melting point of graphite can reach 3652-3697 ℃, and the melting point of silicon carbide is 2700 ℃, so that the temperature of each composite ball can reach more than 1500 ℃, and the incineration fly ash of the fly ash pellets is further treated by indirectly heating each composite ball, and harmful substances such as dioxin and the like in the fly ash can be effectively decomposed;
(2) the harmful substance curing effect is good: low melting point volatile substances in fly ash, such as HCl, Cl2NaCl, KCl, Hg and the like are locked in a compact shell, and the formed glass slag has good curing effect, whereinLeaching solubility Cr of heavy metal in slag<0.50mg/L、Ni<0.30mg/L、Cu<0.10mg/L、Zn<0.50mg/L、Cd<0.03mg/L、Pb<0.02mg/L, which is far lower than the national standard GB 5085.3-2007 'identification Standard for hazardous waste leach toxicity identification';
(3) the equipment investment is low: on one hand, the heating and melting equipment is an induction melting furnace, and compared with an expensive and complex plasma torch system, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced; on the other hand, because poisonous and harmful substances are all locked in the shell, the whole device does not need a flue gas treatment process, and the system is simple.
(4) The operation is simple and convenient: the fly ash is only required to be made into composite balls, the composite balls are placed in an induction melting furnace for heating, then natural cooling or quick cooling is carried out, the glass slag is taken out through mechanical crushing, or the composite balls and solid waste are mixed and burned again, the operation is simple and easy, and high-tech personnel are not required to participate.
(5) The service life of the equipment is long: because the high-temperature melt is not contacted with the wall of the induction melting furnace, the problem of equipment corrosion is effectively solved, and the service life of the treatment device is greatly prolonged.
(6) The volume reduction effect is good: the volume of the fly ash is reduced by 65-85%, and the land occupation for landfill is saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of composite balls for disposing incineration fly ash according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fusion treatment apparatus for disposing incineration fly ash according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a melt processing method for disposing incineration fly ash according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific contents of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the invention belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composite ball for disposing incineration fly ash, the composite ball is a composite ball wrapped with fly ash, and the composite ball is composed of a central core of a fly ash pellet and a shell completely wrapping the central core of the fly ash pellet; the shell is a single-layer compact graphite carbon shell or a single-layer compact silicon carbide shell; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon and silicon carbide; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon.
In the composite sphere, the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon and silicon carbide, and the shell comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the shell comprises the following components in sequence from outside to inside: external dense graphite carbon, silicon carbide, internal dense graphite carbon and loose graphite carbon;
or the shell comprises the following components in sequence from outside to inside: dense graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, and loose graphitic carbon;
the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: the shell comprises the following components in sequence from outside to inside: dense graphitic carbon and loose graphitic carbon.
In the composite ball, the particle size of the composite ball wrapping the fly ash is as follows: 10-60 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fusion treatment apparatus for disposing incineration fly ash, including:
an induction melting furnace 20 and a plurality of composite balls 10 wrapping fly ash; wherein, the composite balls for wrapping the fly ash adopt the composite balls for disposing the incineration fly ash;
and a plurality of the composite balls wrapping the fly ash are filled in the induction melting furnace, and the shell of each composite ball wrapping the fly ash and the activated carbon in the fly ash pellets serving as the central core can be subjected to induction heating melting by using a high-frequency electric field of the induction melting furnace to form the incineration fly ash of the fly ash pellets.
In the melting treatment device, the composite balls wrapping the fly ash are prepared by the following steps:
fully mixing incineration fly ash and fluxing agent, compacting the mixture into fly ash pellets, and wrapping the fly ash pellets with graphite carbon or silicon carbide to prepare fly ash-wrapped composite pellets with the fly ash pellets as a central core and the graphite carbon or silicon carbide as a shell;
the shell of the graphite carbon is of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure; the shell of the silicon carbide is of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.
In the preparation of the composite ball wrapped with the fly ash, the fluxing agent is a mixture which is mainly composed of glass powder and compounded with various additives (such as CaO, carbon powder and the like). Preferably, glass powder (SiO) is compatible according to the composition characteristics of the fly ash2) Ratio to CaO the alkalinity (CaO: SiO 22And the mass ratio) is controlled to be 0.2-0.6, and the preferred ratio is 0.3; the amount of the carbon powder is 1-5% (accounting for 1-5% of the total mass of the glass powder and the CaO), and the preferable amount is 2%. Specifically, the proportions of the glass powder, CaO and carbon powder may also be adjusted according to the properties of the fly ash (such as alkalinity and melting temperature).
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a melting treatment method for treating incineration fly ash, where the melting treatment apparatus described above is adopted, and the melting treatment method includes the following steps:
step 4, discharging all the composite balls coated with the fly ash from the induction melting furnace, and removing a shell after natural cooling or quick cooling to obtain harmless glass slag formed after melting the incineration fly ash;
and 5, sending the harmless glass slag formed after the incineration fly ash is melted to a common landfill for landfill treatment or recycling as building materials, namely completing the melting treatment of the incineration fly ash.
In step 4 of the above method, the method for removing the shell is as follows: mechanically crushing to remove the shell or burning the shell together with solid wastes to remove the shell.
In the above method, if mechanical crushing is used to remove the shell in step 4, the method further comprises: and recovering the graphite carbon raw material or the silicon carbide raw material obtained by removing the shell and recycling the graphite carbon raw material or the silicon carbide raw material. The utilization rate of the shell raw materials is improved. After the graphite carbon raw material or the silicon carbide raw material is recovered, the harmless glass slag formed after the incineration fly ash is melted is still treated according to the mode of the step 5.
In the above method, if the step 4 adopts the mixed burning with the solid waste to remove the shell, the method further comprises the following steps: in step 5, the incineration bottom slag of the solid waste mixed burning removed shell and the harmless glass slag formed after the incineration fly ash is melted are sent to a common landfill for landfill treatment or used as building material resource utilization.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
The melting disposal method for disposing incineration fly ash comprises the following steps:
(1) fully mixing incineration fly ash and fluxing agent (such as a mixture of glass powder, CaO, carbon powder and the like), compacting into fly ash pellets, and wrapping the fly ash pellets with graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide to form composite pellets taking the fly ash pellets as a central core and the graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide as an outer shell; the shell can be of a single-layer or multi-layer structure (a loose layer and a compact layer are arranged according to a certain rule);
(2) filling the prepared composite ball into an inductance melting furnace, tightly covering an upper cover, and introducing nitrogen into the furnace to form inert atmosphere; after electrifying, utilizing a high-frequency electric field to perform induction heating on the shell and the activated carbon in the fly ash, heating the shell and the activated carbon to more than 1500 ℃, and preserving heat for a period of time to ensure that the fly ash serving as a central core is indirectly heated to be molten;
(3) discharging the composite pellets, naturally cooling or rapidly cooling, mechanically crushing, and recovering graphite carbon or silicon carbide raw materials; the method is characterized in that: the graphite carbon or silicon carbide raw material can be reused or used once, the treatment can adopt an incineration method, and then toxic and harmful substances are enriched into a small amount of fly ash again, and the fly ash can be treated by the method;
(4) the harmless glass slag formed after the fly ash is melted can be sent to a common landfill for landfill treatment or be used as building material for resource utilization; the glass slag is characterized in that the leaching property is poor, harmful substances are solidified in a silicon dioxide net structure, and no secondary pollution is generated when the glass slag is exposed in the natural environment.
Example 1
The melting treatment method for disposing incineration fly ash of the embodiment includes the following steps:
firstly, uniformly mixing the domestic garbage incineration fly ash with fluxing agent (such as glass powder, CaO, carbon powder and the like), and compacting into fly ash pellets; the shell which is wrapped with graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide outside the small fly ash spheres forms a composite sphere of which the shell is of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure wraps the fly ash; putting a plurality of composite balls into an induction melting furnace, and utilizing a high-frequency electric field to perform induction heating on the shell and the activated carbon in the fly ash small balls serving as central cores to ensure that the temperature is raised to more than 1500 ℃, the fly ash is indirectly heated to be molten, and the molten glass body is always wrapped in the shell; and discharging the composite balls from the induction melting furnace, and mechanically crushing after natural cooling or quick cooling to obtain fly ash glass slag and recyclable graphite carbon or silicon carbide raw materials.
The content of heavy metals in the incineration fly ash and the disposed slag in the embodiment are shown in table 1, and it can be seen that the heavy metals in the slag are greatly reduced after the treatment by the method of the present invention.
Table 1 shows the contents of heavy metals in fly ash and molten slag from incineration of domestic waste
Example 2
The melting treatment method for disposing incineration fly ash of the embodiment includes the following steps:
firstly, uniformly mixing the medical waste incineration fly ash with fluxing agent (such as glass powder, CaO, carbon powder and the like), and compacting into fly ash pellets; the shell which is wrapped with graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide layer outside the small flying ash ball forms a single-layer or multi-layer composite ball wrapped with flying ash; putting a plurality of composite balls into an induction melting furnace, and utilizing a high-frequency electric field to perform induction heating on the shell and the activated carbon in the fly ash small balls serving as central cores to ensure that the temperature is raised to more than 1500 ℃, the fly ash is indirectly heated to be molten, and the molten glass body is always wrapped in the shell; and discharging the composite balls from the induction melting furnace, and mechanically crushing after natural cooling or quick cooling to obtain fly ash glass slag and recyclable graphite carbon or silicon carbide raw materials.
The content of heavy metals in the incineration fly ash and the disposed slag in the embodiment are shown in table 2, and it can be seen that the heavy metals in the slag are greatly reduced after the treatment by the method of the present invention.
Table 2 shows the heavy metal content in the fly ash and slag from incineration of medical wastes
Example 3
The melting treatment method for disposing incineration fly ash of the embodiment includes the following steps:
firstly, uniformly mixing chemical sludge incineration fly ash and fluxing agent (such as glass powder, CaO, carbon powder and the like), and compacting into fly ash pellets; the shell which is wrapped with graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide layer outside the small flying ash ball forms a single-layer or multi-layer composite ball wrapped with flying ash; putting a plurality of composite balls into an induction melting furnace, and utilizing a high-frequency electric field to perform induction heating on the shell and the activated carbon in the fly ash small balls serving as central cores to ensure that the temperature is raised to more than 1500 ℃, the fly ash is indirectly heated to be molten, and the molten glass body is always wrapped in the shell; and discharging the composite balls from the induction melting furnace, and mechanically crushing after natural cooling or quick cooling to obtain fly ash glass slag and recyclable graphite carbon or silicon carbide raw materials.
The content of heavy metals in the incineration fly ash and the disposed slag in the embodiment are shown in table 3, and it can be seen that the heavy metals in the slag are greatly reduced after the treatment by the method of the present invention.
Table 3 shows the heavy metal content in fly ash and slag from incineration of chemical sludge
Example 4
The melting treatment method for disposing incineration fly ash of the embodiment includes the following steps:
firstly, uniformly mixing the electronic waste incineration fly ash with fluxing agent (such as glass powder, CaO, carbon powder and the like), and compacting into fly ash pellets; the shell which is wrapped with graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide layer outside the small flying ash ball forms a single-layer or multi-layer composite ball wrapped with flying ash; putting a plurality of composite balls into an induction melting furnace, and utilizing a high-frequency electric field to perform induction heating on the shell and the activated carbon in the fly ash small balls serving as central cores to ensure that the temperature is raised to more than 1500 ℃, the fly ash is indirectly heated to be molten, and the molten glass body is always wrapped in the shell; and discharging the composite balls from the induction melting furnace, and mechanically crushing after natural cooling or quick cooling to obtain fly ash glass slag and recyclable graphite carbon or silicon carbide raw materials.
The content of heavy metals in the incineration fly ash and the disposed slag in the embodiment are shown in table 4, and it can be seen that the heavy metals in the slag are greatly reduced after the treatment by the method of the present invention.
Table 4 shows the heavy metal content in the fly ash and slag from incineration of electronic waste
The composite ball, the treatment device and the method solve the problem of chlorine corrosion of equipment in the high-temperature treatment process of the incineration fly ash, and simultaneously decompose dioxin thoroughly, have good heavy metal solidification effect, wherein the leaching solubility Cr of heavy metal in the slag is less than 0.50mg/L, Ni, less than 0.30mg/L, Cu, less than 0.10mg/L, Zn, less than 0.50mg/L, Cd, less than 0.03mg/L, Pb and less than 0.02mg/L, which are both far lower than national standard GB 5085.3-2007 'identification Standard for hazardous waste to leach toxicity identification', the system has no flue gas treatment facility, the investment and operation cost is low, and the harmless and recycling of the incineration fly ash can be realized.
The treatment device has the characteristics of long service life, short process flow, high treatment efficiency, low treatment cost and the like, and is easy for industrial application.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The composite ball for treating incineration fly ash is characterized in that the composite ball is a composite ball which is formed by a central core of a fly ash pellet and a shell which is completely coated outside the central core of the fly ash pellet and wraps the fly ash;
the shell is a single-layer compact graphite carbon shell or a single-layer compact silicon carbide shell; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon and silicon carbide; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon.
2. The composite sphere for disposing incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the shell is a multi-layer shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon and silicon carbide, and is characterized in that:
the shell comprises the following components in sequence from outside to inside: external dense graphite carbon, silicon carbide, internal dense graphite carbon and loose graphite carbon;
or the shell comprises the following components in sequence from outside to inside: dense graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, and loose graphitic carbon;
the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: the shell comprises the following components in sequence from outside to inside: dense graphitic carbon and loose graphitic carbon.
3. The composite ball for disposing incineration fly ash according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the composite ball wrapping fly ash is: 10-60 mm.
4. A fusion treatment apparatus for treating incineration fly ash, comprising:
an induction melting furnace and a plurality of composite balls wrapping fly ash; wherein the composite balls for disposing incineration fly ash of any one of claims 1 to 3 are adopted for each composite ball for wrapping fly ash;
and a plurality of the composite balls wrapping the fly ash are filled in the induction melting furnace, and the shell of each composite ball wrapping the fly ash and the activated carbon in the fly ash pellets serving as the central core can be subjected to induction heating melting by using a high-frequency electric field of the induction melting furnace to form the incineration fly ash of the fly ash pellets.
5. A molten processing apparatus for disposing incineration fly ash according to claim 4, characterized in that the composite balls wrapping fly ash are made by:
fully mixing incineration fly ash and fluxing agent, compacting the mixture into fly ash pellets, and wrapping the fly ash pellets with graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide to prepare fly ash wrapped composite pellets taking the fly ash pellets as a central core and the graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide as a shell;
the shell is a single-layer compact graphite carbon shell or a single-layer compact silicon carbide shell; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon and silicon carbide; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon.
6. A molten treatment apparatus for disposing incineration fly ash according to claim 5, characterized in that the flux is a mixture of glass powder, CaO and carbon powder.
7. A fusion treatment method for treating incineration fly ash, characterized in that the fusion treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6 is used, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, fully mixing incineration fly ash to be treated with a fluxing agent, compacting the mixture into fly ash pellets, and wrapping the fly ash pellets with graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide to form fly ash wrapped composite pellets with the fly ash pellets as a central core and the graphite carbon and/or silicon carbide as a shell; the shell is a single-layer compact graphite carbon shell or a single-layer compact silicon carbide shell; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon and silicon carbide; or the shell is a multilayer structure shell formed by regularly arranging graphite carbon;
step 2, filling the composite balls coated with the fly ash prepared in the step 1 into an induction melting furnace, tightly covering the induction melting furnace, and introducing nitrogen into the induction melting furnace to form inert atmosphere;
step 3, electrifying the induction melting furnace, and utilizing a high-frequency electric field of the induction melting furnace to perform induction heating on the shell of the composite ball wrapped with the fly ash and the activated carbon in the fly ash pellets, so that the temperature of the composite ball wrapped with the fly ash is raised to 1500 ℃, and preserving the heat for a period of time, so that the fly ash pellets serving as central cores in the composite ball are indirectly heated to be melted;
step 4, discharging all the composite balls coated with the fly ash from the induction melting furnace, and removing a shell after natural cooling or quick cooling to obtain harmless glass slag formed after melting the incineration fly ash;
and 5, sending the harmless glass slag formed after the incineration fly ash is melted to a common landfill for landfill treatment or recycling as building materials, namely completing the melting treatment of the incineration fly ash.
8. A molten disposal method for disposing incineration fly ash according to claim 7, wherein in step 4 of said method, the shell is removed by: mechanically crushing to remove the shell or burning the shell together with solid wastes to remove the shell.
9. A method for melt disposal of incineration fly ash according to claim 8, wherein if step 4 uses mechanical crushing to remove the shell, the method further comprises: and recovering the graphite carbon raw material or the silicon carbide raw material obtained by removing the shell and recycling the graphite carbon raw material or the silicon carbide raw material.
10. A method for melting disposal of incineration fly ash according to claim 8, wherein if step 4 uses the method of removing the shell by means of co-firing with solid waste, the method further comprises: and 5, conveying the incineration bottom slag subjected to solid waste mixed combustion and shell removal and the harmless glass slag formed after the incineration fly ash is melted to a common landfill for landfill treatment or resource utilization as building materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910849975.4A CN110639926A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Composite ball for disposing incineration fly ash, and fusion treatment device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910849975.4A CN110639926A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Composite ball for disposing incineration fly ash, and fusion treatment device and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110639926A true CN110639926A (en) | 2020-01-03 |
Family
ID=68991731
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910849975.4A Pending CN110639926A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Composite ball for disposing incineration fly ash, and fusion treatment device and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110639926A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101074457A (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-21 | 重庆大学 | Method for smelting and separating refuse-combustion fly-ash heavy metal |
| CN104291784A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2015-01-21 | 天津城建大学 | Harmless treatment method of waste burning fly ash |
| CN105251758A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-20 | 广东省环境科学研究院 | Complex flux for fusion of waste incineration fly ash |
| CN109734307A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-10 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of incineration of refuse flyash low energy consumption melting and efficient curing heavy metal |
| CN110201970A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-09-06 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of ash melting composite fluxing agent and melt process lime-ash |
-
2019
- 2019-09-09 CN CN201910849975.4A patent/CN110639926A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101074457A (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-21 | 重庆大学 | Method for smelting and separating refuse-combustion fly-ash heavy metal |
| CN104291784A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2015-01-21 | 天津城建大学 | Harmless treatment method of waste burning fly ash |
| CN105251758A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-20 | 广东省环境科学研究院 | Complex flux for fusion of waste incineration fly ash |
| CN109734307A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-10 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of incineration of refuse flyash low energy consumption melting and efficient curing heavy metal |
| CN110201970A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-09-06 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of ash melting composite fluxing agent and melt process lime-ash |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100371287C (en) | Ceramicite using ash from incineration of refuse as raw material and its prodn. method | |
| CN211247720U (en) | Plasma fusion vitrification device and waste incineration fly ash treatment system | |
| CN109734307B (en) | Method for low-energy-consumption melting and efficient solidification of heavy metals in waste incineration fly ash | |
| CN109404916B (en) | High-temperature melting harmless treatment process for waste incineration fly ash | |
| CN101890424B (en) | Method for harmlessly treating trash flying ash by adopting trash-burning process | |
| Tian et al. | Recent development of recycling lead from scrap CRTs: A technological review | |
| CN107008731B (en) | Waste treatment process based on biomass solid waste and hazardous waste | |
| CN107906526B (en) | A kind of harmless treatment process of garbage flying ash | |
| CN106082646A (en) | Electroplating sludge and domestic garbage incineration flyash is utilized to work in coordination with the melted method preparing glass sand | |
| CN110470141A (en) | It is a kind of to utilize semi-coke harmless treatment garbage flying ash apparatus and method | |
| CN109020231A (en) | A method of preparing alloyed iron and devitrified glass | |
| CN106984633A (en) | Utilize the method for plasma torch recycling treatment incineration of refuse flyash | |
| CN106734099A (en) | Using the method for secondary material complex technique high temperature harmlessness disposing incineration of refuse flyash | |
| CN110548748A (en) | Collaborative melting treatment method for waste SCR flue gas denitration catalyst and fly ash | |
| CN113213891A (en) | Ceramsite preparation method by utilizing waste incineration fly ash and prepared ceramsite | |
| CN104291784B (en) | A kind of incineration of refuse flyash method for innocent treatment | |
| CN108275974A (en) | Water-permeable brick and the method for preparing water-permeable brick using flying dust | |
| JP3021048B2 (en) | How to neutralize waste | |
| CN110125141A (en) | Bed material and preparation process and processing method for incineration of refuse flyash melting | |
| CN112456797B (en) | Glass body preparation method and harmless disposal method of waste incineration fly ash and aluminum cell overhaul residues | |
| CN212335216U (en) | Fly ash processing system is smelted to blast furnace | |
| CN113773048A (en) | Sintered brick manufactured by harmless treatment of garbage fly ash and solid waste, and method and application thereof | |
| CN211938376U (en) | Fly ash treatment system of plasma synergistic resistance furnace | |
| CN211726912U (en) | Composite ball for treating incineration fly ash and fusion treatment device | |
| CN110639926A (en) | Composite ball for disposing incineration fly ash, and fusion treatment device and method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |