CN110633339A - GIS-based petrochemical enterprise gas leakage continuous dynamic simulation display method - Google Patents
GIS-based petrochemical enterprise gas leakage continuous dynamic simulation display method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a GIS (geographic information system) -based continuous dynamic simulation display method for gas leakage of petrochemical enterprises. Meanwhile, by loading the images and the vector map layers of the petrochemical enterprises, various condition parameters (such as leakage source position, leakage amount, leakage rate, environment wind direction, environment real-time wind speed and the like) are integrated, and the dynamic display and deduction of the gas leakage diffusion range of the petrochemical enterprises are realized based on development methods such as ArcGIS API for javascript and the like, the possible diffusion influence range of the accident can be deduced at the first time after the leakage accident of the petrochemical enterprises occurs, and reference basis is provided for personnel evacuation and accident emergency auxiliary decision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geographic information systems and safety engineering, and particularly relates to a GIS-based petrochemical enterprise gas leakage continuous dynamic simulation display method.
Background
At present, GIS-based gas leakage diffusion display modes of petrochemical enterprises are mainly as follows:
1. and (3) applying a Gaussian plume model to realize static display of the diffusion influence range:
gauss smoke plume model
The application occasions are as follows: gas phase small holes of the pressure vessel or leakage of gas pipelines, valves, flanges and the like.
a) Continuous source (quasi) wind speeds greater than lm/s;
b) the wind speed of the continuous source (quasi) is less than 0.5 m/s;
c) the continuous source (quasi) wind speed is more than 0.5m/s and less than lm/s;
d) mixed layer (internal) diffusion (mode).
Mode description:
a) when wind speed is high>lm/s, following a Gaussian plume (σ)z≤1.6Lb) The rule, namely:
at this time, the diffusion rule of the mixed layer is that when He is less than or equal to Lb, and sigma isz＞1.6LbWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
when He is>LbWhen the concentration C on the ground is 0.
b) When the wind speed is less than 0.5m/s (calm wind), the ground concentration is as follows:
wherein:
transverse wind direction diffusion deviceNumber sigmax＝σy＝aT；
Vertical diffusion coefficient sigmaz＝bT；
The duration of the calm wind is m delta, delta is 3600(s), m is 1, 2, 3 …, and m is less than 1 and is 1 (assuming that pollutants surround the leakage source and are uniformly distributed in all directions).
c) When the wind speed is less than 0.5m/s and less than lm/s, the source intensity of the continuous point source is Q (mass/unit time), the pollutant discharge amount Q in delta t time can be regarded as an instantaneous smoke mass.
To find the concentration of the continuous source at ((x, y, z)), the concentration caused by the continuous emission during the T period can be considered as a superposition of the concentrations caused by the instantaneous plume at that point for several intervals.
Thus, the diffusion pattern of a continuous source at (micro) breezes can be integrated with the plume pattern, i.e.:
in the formula:
c (x, y, z) is any point in the downwind space, and the concentration of the point is a constant value during the discharge period;
x, y and z are distances (m) in the vertical direction of the downwind crosswind direction respectively;
the coordinate axis x is the downwind direction, and the origin is the source;
q is source strength, and the unit is kg/s;
σyis a lateral diffusion parameter in m;
σxis a downwind diffusion parameter, with the unit being m;
σzis a vertical diffusion parameter in m;
u is the average wind speed in m/s;
Hsthe bleed source is high, in m;
Hein units of m for the lift height (lift mode);
h is the effective source height, and the unit is m; h ═ Hs+He；
r＝(x2+y2)1/2；
t is the total time (start of first puff release) in units of s;
to is the moment of release of the puff in units of s;
t is the running time of the smoke mass, and T is T-to.
The basic principle of the Gaussian plume model is as follows: and calculating the concentration value of each pixel point in the diffusion-related geographic area according to the formula by substituting into a Gaussian smoke plume model formula, assigning a color RGB value and an opacity value to the corresponding concentration, and displaying the steady-state influence range after diffusion in the accident simulation geographic information layer.
2. And (3) realizing dynamic display of the diffusion influence range by applying a Gaussian smoke mass model:
gauss smoke mass model
The application occasions are as follows:
instantaneous gas discharge;
diffusion after the (instantaneous) action of heavy gas disappears.
Mode description:
a) for the wind speed greater than 0.5m/s, the concentration at a certain point in the downwind space of the bleeding source without the initial scale at the time t is as follows:
wherein (x, y, z) represents the coordinates of a point in the downwind space of the bleed source without initial dimensions;
b) for the wind speed greater than 0.5m/s and with the initial scale, the virtual point source is adopted for calculation, and the basic formula is as follows:
σy＝σx＝σy(x+Xy)；σz＝σz(x+Xz)。
wherein, Xy，XzIs the distance to the virtual point source in the upwind directionFrom, allowing XyIs not equal to Xz。
σy0＝L/4.3σz0＝H0/2.15。
In the formula:
c (x, y, z) is the concentration at any point in the downwind space at a certain moment;
l is the initial source cloud cluster width, and the unit is m;
h0 is the height of the original source cloud in m.
(4) Improved dynamic continuous smoke mass integral gas diffusion model
the concentration at the downwind point (x, y, z) at time t is:
wherein T-the running time of the tobacco mass, T-T-to; q-change bleed rate, Kg/s, were several of the following: giving by an evaporation model; and ② the model is given by the gas discharge speed.
The diffusion position of a cigarette group changing along with time is calculated by substituting into a Gaussian cigarette group model formula, the concentration value of each pixel point in a geographical region relevant to diffusion is calculated, a color RGB value and an opacity value are assigned to the corresponding concentration, and the real-time diffusion influence range of the cigarette group is dynamically displayed in an accident simulation geographical information layer along with time.
3. Various gas leakage diffusion models integrated by foreign professional simulation software are used for realizing dynamic calculation display:
and inputting corresponding simulation parameters by applying accident simulation software such as Safer Trace, Phast and the like, thereby realizing dynamic two-dimensional and three-dimensional display of gas substance leakage diffusion in the model space geographic coordinates.
However, the Gaussian plume model and the Gaussian plume model are adopted to realize simulated gas diffusion, the comprehensive requirements under the gas leakage emergency response of petrochemical enterprises are difficult to meet in the geographical information display, and the display effect has many problems and limitations.
Specifically, the GIS display effect obtained by the Gaussian smoke plume model simulation is a steady diffusion area, is a diffusion space which is leaked to a certain extent and does not change any more, is a static result, and is difficult to effectively respond according to a static final result value in the emergency rescue process of petrochemical enterprise accidents.
The GIS display result of the Gaussian smoke mass model simulation is a dynamic leakage change effect, but because the target of the Gaussian smoke mass model is a smoke mass, the simulated object is only a simulated diffusion area of the smoke mass, the scientific simulation display of the whole gas leakage process cannot be realized, and the auxiliary decision making is difficult to be carried out according to the simulation result of the smoke mass in the petrochemical enterprise accident emergency rescue.
The effect display of gas leakage diffusion simulation is performed through accident simulation software such as Safer Trace and Phast, the leakage effect display is not performed based on an actual geographic information system, and the method is difficult to apply to an accident emergency management and rescue system of a petrochemical enterprise.
Therefore, the GIS-based gas leakage and diffusion display modes of the petrochemical enterprises have defects.
The noun explains:
GIS, i.e. geographic information system: the geographic information system technology is based on geographic space data, a series of work such as collection, management, analysis and operation are carried out on some data information in the geographic space through computer software and hardware, dynamic information of the geographic space can be timely provided for related systems, and the geographic information system belongs to service information systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a GIS-based petrochemical enterprise gas leakage continuous dynamic simulation display method so as to provide a real-time gas leakage diffusion area and realize real dynamic deduction display.
A GIS-based petrochemical enterprise gas leakage continuous dynamic simulation display method comprises the following steps:
s1. loading the basic geographic information map layer of the petrochemical enterprise factory area;
s2, packaging the improved dynamic continuous smoke mass integral gas diffusion model into a model function, and loading the packaged model function into a basic geographic information layer of a petrochemical enterprise factory area for calling;
s3., setting initial condition parameters for simulation deduction according to the simulation application requirements of the model function, thereby providing basic data support for the dynamic diffusion simulation display and deduction of the gas leakage of the petrochemical enterprise;
s4., dynamically displaying the simulated diffusion area after the gas leakage event occurs in the basic geographic information layer of the petrochemical enterprise factory.
Preferably, the basic geographic information layer comprises a high-definition remote sensing image map and a basic vector layer of an enterprise factory area.
Preferably, the basic vector map layer includes a branch factory and operation department map layer, a device map layer, a tank area map layer, an equipment map layer, a road map layer, a building map layer and a house map layer belonging to a petrochemical enterprise.
Preferably, the basic geographic information layer is provided with basic map zoom display and GIS operation buttons.
Preferably, in the step s2, the modified dynamic continuous smoke mass integral gas diffusion model is packaged into a callable model function through a programming language; the parameters of the model function which can be called comprise the leakage rate in the diffusion process, the position height of a leakage source, the ambient wind speed, the coordinates of a leakage point and the current leakage diffusion time.
Preferably, in the step s3, the initial condition parameters are obtained by means of input or automatic capture.
Preferably, in the step s3, the initial condition parameters include longitude and latitude position coordinates of the leakage source, an environment stable wind direction, an environment wind speed, an effective height of the leakage source, and a leakage rate in the diffusion process;
and the latitude and longitude position coordinates of the leakage source are determined by clicking a geographic information page through a mouse.
Preferably, the step s4 is specifically:
by establishing the corresponding relation between the concentration value and the color and the opacity of the leakage area, the color and the opacity value are assigned to each pixel point of the map diffusion influence area, and the real-time concentration condition of each position of the leakage area in the diffusion process is visually displayed.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the improved dynamic continuous smoke mass integral gas diffusion model is applied, so that the defects of the Gaussian smoke mass model and the smoke plume model in the simulation display of gas leakage diffusion of petrochemical enterprises are overcome;
2. the invention is based on GIS technology, realizes dynamic display and deduction of the gas leakage diffusion range of petrochemical enterprises, thereby realizing dynamic simulation display of the diffusion range from the gas leakage starting time to the steady state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a GIS-based method for displaying continuous dynamic simulation of gas leakage of a petrochemical enterprise according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an effect diagram of a GIS-based petrochemical enterprise gas leakage continuous dynamic simulation display method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The basic idea of the invention is as follows: an improved dynamic continuous smoke mass integral gas diffusion model is adopted, and images and vector layers of petrochemical enterprises are loaded, so that dynamic deduction display of a gas leakage diffusion range of the petrochemical enterprises is realized.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for displaying gas leakage of a petrochemical enterprise based on a GIS through continuous dynamic simulation includes the following steps:
s1. loads the basic geographical information map layer of the petrochemical enterprise factory area.
The method comprises the steps of firstly, constructing and perfecting a geographic information system of a petrochemical enterprise, and constructing a basic geographic information layer covering the whole plant area, wherein the basic geographic information layer comprises space geographic data of a high-definition remote sensing image map and a basic vector layer.
Wherein, the basic vector map layer comprises a branch factory and operation part map layer, a device map layer, a tank area map layer, an equipment map layer, a road map layer, a building and a house map layer which belong to a petrochemical enterprise.
As a base map application of dynamic simulation display, the basic geographic information layer in this embodiment needs to have basic map zoom display and GIS operation buttons, so as to implement basic functions such as map zoom display and GIS operation.
And S2, packaging the improved dynamic continuous smoke mass integral gas diffusion model into a model function, and loading the model function into a basic geographic information layer of a petrochemical enterprise factory area for calling through ArcGIS API for javascript and other development methods.
The improved dynamic continuous plume integral gas diffusion model is an existing model, and can be specifically referred to MATLAB-based ammonia leakage diffusion dynamic simulation research in the master paper.
Through the step S2, the effective combination of the model function and the geographic information page in the B/S system is facilitated.
The B/S system is a system architecture of a front-end browser back-end server.
s3., according to the simulation application requirements of the model function, the initial condition parameter setting of the simulation deduction is realized in the B/S system program, thereby providing basic data support for the dynamic diffusion simulation display and deduction of the gas leakage of the petrochemical enterprise.
The initial condition parameters are acquired in two manners, one is an input manner, and the other is an automatic acquisition manner.
The initial condition parameters obtained by the means comprise longitude and latitude position coordinates of the leakage source, environment stable wind direction, environment wind speed, effective height of the leakage source, leakage rate in the diffusion process and the like;
and the latitude and longitude position coordinates of the leakage source are determined by clicking a geographic information page by a mouse.
The initial condition parameters provide basic data support for dynamic diffusion simulation display and deduction of gas leakage of petrochemical enterprises.
s4., dynamically displaying the simulated diffusion area after the gas leakage event occurs in the basic geographic information layer of the petrochemical enterprise factory.
The process of dynamically displaying the simulated diffusion region after the gas leakage event occurs in step s4 is as follows:
by establishing the corresponding relation between the concentration value and the color and the opacity of the leakage area, the color and the opacity value are assigned to each pixel point of the map diffusion influence area, and the real-time concentration condition of each position of the leakage area in the diffusion process is visually displayed.
The invention realizes continuous dynamic diffusion simulation and deduction display of the gas leakage process of the petrochemical enterprise, deduces the possible diffusion influence range of the accident at the first time after the leakage accident of the petrochemical enterprise occurs, and provides reference basis for personnel evacuation and accident emergency aid decision.
The application process of the method of the invention is as follows: when an emergency leakage accident occurs or desktop leakage simulation exercise is performed, emergency management personnel can select the position of a leakage source through automatically positioning the position of the leakage source or manually clicking the position of the leakage source in a map, and set initial condition parameters of simulation to form a final continuous dynamic diffusion simulation and deduction effect, as shown in fig. 2.
In this embodiment 1, the improved dynamic continuous smoke mass integration model is combined with the WebGIS, and is applied to the comprehensive display method of the petrochemical enterprise for the first time, compared with the traditional simulation display of the gas leakage process of the petrochemical enterprise, the method disclosed by the invention is better combined with the business requirements of emergency rescue and management of accidents of the petrochemical enterprise, and can provide a real-time gas leakage diffusion area, so that the real-time dynamic deduction display is realized. In addition, the simulation deduction display result and the spatial and geographic position information of the petrochemical enterprise are effectively combined, and dynamic simulation display of the gas leakage process of the petrochemical enterprise based on the GIS is achieved.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 describes a GIS-based method for displaying the continuous dynamic simulation of the gas leakage of the petrochemical enterprise, and the method can refer to the embodiment 1 except for the following technical features different from those of the embodiment 1.
In this embodiment 2, when a model function is encapsulated, the improved dynamic continuous smoke mass integral gas diffusion model is encapsulated into a callable model function by using a common programming language, and parameters of the callable model function include a leakage rate, a position height of a leakage source, an ambient wind speed, a leakage point coordinate, and a current leakage diffusion time in a diffusion process.
It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A GIS-based continuous dynamic simulation display method for gas leakage of petrochemical enterprises is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1. loading the basic geographic information map layer of the petrochemical enterprise factory area;
s2, packaging the improved dynamic continuous smoke mass integral gas diffusion model into a model function, and loading the packaged model function into a basic geographic information layer of a petrochemical enterprise factory area for calling;
s3., setting initial condition parameters for simulation deduction according to the simulation application requirements of the model function, thereby providing basic data support for the dynamic diffusion simulation display and deduction of the gas leakage of the petrochemical enterprise;
s4., dynamically displaying the simulated diffusion area after the gas leakage event occurs in the basic geographic information layer of the petrochemical enterprise factory.
2. The GIS based continuous dynamic simulation display method for gas leakage of a petrochemical enterprise according to claim 1, wherein the basic geographic information map layer comprises a high-definition remote sensing image map and a basic vector map of an enterprise plant area.
3. The GIS-based continuous dynamic simulation display method for gas leakage of a petrochemical enterprise according to claim 2, wherein the basic vector map layer comprises a branch plant and operation department map layer, a device map layer, a tank area map layer, an equipment map layer, a road map layer, a building map layer and a house map layer subordinate to the petrochemical enterprise.
4. The GIS-based continuous dynamic simulation display method for gas leakage of a petrochemical enterprise according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the basic geographic information layer is provided with basic map zoom display and GIS operation buttons.
5. The GIS based continuous dynamic simulation display method for gas leakage of petrochemical enterprises according to claim 1, wherein in step s2, the improved dynamic continuous smoke mass integral gas diffusion model is packaged as a callable model function through a programming language; the parameters of the model function which can be called comprise the leakage rate in the diffusion process, the position height of a leakage source, the ambient wind speed, the coordinates of a leakage point and the current leakage diffusion time.
6. The GIS based continuous dynamic simulation display method for gas leakage of petrochemical enterprises according to claim 1, wherein in the step s3, the initial condition parameters are obtained by input or automatic capture.
7. The GIS-based continuous dynamic simulation display method for gas leakage of petrochemical enterprises according to claim 1 or 6, wherein in step s3, the initial condition parameters include longitude and latitude position coordinates of leakage sources, environmental stable wind direction, environmental wind speed, effective height of leakage sources and leakage rate in diffusion process;
and the latitude and longitude position coordinates of the leakage source are determined by clicking a geographic information page through a mouse.
8. The GIS-based continuous dynamic simulation display method for gas leakage of a petrochemical enterprise, according to claim 1, wherein the step s4 is specifically:
by establishing the corresponding relation between the concentration value and the color and the opacity of the leakage area, the color and the opacity value are assigned to each pixel point of the map diffusion influence area, and the real-time concentration condition of each position of the leakage area in the diffusion process is visually displayed.
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Application publication date: 20191231 |