CN110631910B - Fire test testing device and method for prestressed steel strand - Google Patents
Fire test testing device and method for prestressed steel strand Download PDFInfo
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- CN110631910B CN110631910B CN201910923384.7A CN201910923384A CN110631910B CN 110631910 B CN110631910 B CN 110631910B CN 201910923384 A CN201910923384 A CN 201910923384A CN 110631910 B CN110631910 B CN 110631910B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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Abstract
The invention provides a fire test testing device and method for prestressed steel strands, which comprises the following steps: according to the scheme, a heating resistance wire is arranged in a box type heating furnace to simulate a fire environment, and a stay wire displacement meter is used for measuring the deformation elongation of the steel strand at high temperature, so that a prestress loss curve can be obtained through calculation. Due to the requirement of the heat preservation thickness of the box-type heating furnace, the measurement cannot be carried out in the box-type heating furnace within the limited measurement gauge length of the prestressed steel strand, so the measurement scheme provided by the invention uses the space-enlarging horizontal rod, the space-enlarging vertical rod and the measurement clamp to assist the stay wire displacement meter to carry out the measurement of the elongation. The method can accurately measure and calculate the stress-strain change condition of the prestress steel strand in the high-temperature environment of fire, and can be applied to the performance research of the prestress steel strand at high temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building material testing, in particular to a device and a method for testing a fire disaster of a prestressed steel strand.
Background
The prestressed steel strand has the characteristics of light dead weight, excellent physical performance, economy, practicability and the like, is a reasonable structural form for sustainable development, and is widely applied to large-span space structures such as cable-stayed bridges and the like. Engineering practices show that although the frequency of fire occurrence is low, the bridge still has non-negligible fire risk sources, such as vehicle fire, ship fire and the like. In 2007, Mezcala cable-stayed bridges in mexico caused a fire due to a traffic accident and caused a breakage of one cable, and adjacent cables were damaged to different degrees.
Fire can cause the prestressing force stranded conductor in the bridge to take place great prestressing force loss and directly influence the bearing capacity of prestressing force bridge. Therefore, it is necessary to study the physical properties of the prestressed steel strand in a high-temperature fire environment. The main factor of prestress loss of the prestress steel strand in the fire environment is that the prestress steel strand is subjected to relaxation and creep under the action of high temperature, and the existing fire temperature field simulation device and the existing fire temperature field measurement method need to be verified and improved due to the complexity of a prestress structure, the experiment technology and other reasons.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for testing a fire disaster of a prestressed steel strand. Due to the requirement of the heat preservation thickness of the box-type heating furnace, the measurement cannot be carried out in the box-type heating furnace within the limited measurement gauge length of the prestressed steel strand, so the measurement scheme provided by the invention uses the space-enlarging horizontal rod, the space-enlarging vertical rod and the measurement clamp to assist the stay wire displacement meter to carry out the measurement of the elongation. The method can accurately measure and calculate the stress-strain change condition of the prestress steel strand in the high-temperature environment of fire, and can be applied to the performance research of the prestress steel strand at high temperature.
The utility model provides a experimental testing arrangement of prestressing force steel strand fire which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a steel strand, an anchorage device, a load sensor, a jack, a reaction frame, a bracket, a box-type heating furnace, a space-enlarging horizontal rod, a space-enlarging upright post rod, a stay wire displacement meter and a measuring clamp;
the steel strand is anchored on the reaction frame through a left anchorage device and a right anchorage device, wherein a jack and a load sensor are arranged between the anchorage device on one side and the reaction frame and used for controlling the stretching prestress of the steel strand; two openings are respectively arranged on two sides of the box-type heating furnace and are fixed on the bracket; the steel strand penetrates through a spiral tubular structure formed by heating resistance wires in the box-type heating furnace through a pair of openings, and the steel strand is clamped by two measuring clamps at two sides of the spiral tubular structure; two measuring clamps are respectively led out from the side surface and penetrate through two space-increasing horizontal rods of the other pair of holes; the tail ends of the two space-enlarging horizontal rods are respectively fixed with a space-enlarging upright post rod; and a stay wire displacement meter is arranged between the two space-increasing upright posts.
Preferably, the box-type heating furnace is a side-open type heating furnace, wherein one pair of openings are arranged on the side-open surface, and the other pair of openings are arranged above the side-open surface; the support is a height-adjustable support.
Preferably, the measuring clamp comprises an upper clamp block and a lower clamp block which are provided with semicircular channels, and the two clamp blocks are fixedly connected through bolts.
Preferably, the maximum temperature of the heating resistance wire is not lower than 800 ℃.
Preferably, a thermocouple is further arranged in the spiral tubular structure formed by the heating resistance wires.
A fire test testing method for prestressed steel strands is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: installing a test piece and a heating device: anchoring the steel strand on a reaction frame, and controlling the tensioning prestress through a jack and a load sensor; the height of the box-type heating furnace is adjusted through the bracket, so that the steel strand penetrates through a spiral tubular structure formed by heating resistance wires in the box-type heating furnace;
step S2: installing a measuring device: fixing the measuring clamps on two sides of the steel strand heating section through bolts, leading out the steel strand heating section from the box-type heating furnace through connecting the space-enlarging horizontal rod and the space-enlarging vertical column rod, and connecting the steel strand heating section and the space-enlarging horizontal rod through a stay wire displacement meter for displacement measurement; a thermocouple for measuring temperature is arranged at the heating section of the steel strand;
step S3: carrying out test measurement: electrifying and heating the heating resistance wires, adjusting heating time and heating temperature, measuring at different heating time and constant temperature time and different temperature grades, measuring real-time temperature change by a thermocouple, recording real-time displacement change by a stay wire displacement meter, and calculating the prestress loss condition in the heating process of the steel strand;
step S4: and stopping power-on heating, measuring the temperature change of the steel strand in the cooling process by using a thermocouple, recording the displacement change by using a wire pulling displacement meter, and calculating the prestress loss condition of the steel strand in the cooling process.
Preferably, in step S3, the different temperature levels for which the test measurements are made include at least: 200 ℃, 400 ℃, 600 ℃ and 800 ℃.
The invention and the preferred scheme thereof have the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and low cost, and can accurately measure and calculate the stress-strain change condition of the prestress steel strand under the high-temperature environment of fire, namely the temperature change is measured by the thermocouple, and the displacement deformation of the steel strand is accurately measured by the stay wire displacement meter by increasing the space rod piece, so as to obtain the prestress loss curve. The test device and the test method are economical and reasonable, and can be widely applied to performance research of the steel strand in the high-temperature environment of the fire hazard.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a box-type heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross section of a box-type heating furnace and a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a measurement fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-steel strand; 2-an anchorage device; 3-a load sensor; 4-a jack; 5-reaction frame; 6-a scaffold; 7-box type heating furnace; 8-increasing the space horizontal rod; 9-increasing the space upright post rod; 10-stay wire displacement meter; 11-a measuring jig; 12-heating resistance wires; 13-a thermocouple; 111-bolt; 112-a clamp block; 113-a gasket; 114-nut.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the apparatus main body of the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a steel strand 1, an anchorage device 2, a load sensor 3, a jack 4, a reaction frame 5, a support 6, a box-type heating furnace 7, an enlarged space horizontal rod 8, an enlarged space upright post rod 9, a stay wire displacement meter 10, an anchorage device 11, a measuring clamp 11, a heating resistance wire 12 and a thermocouple 13.
As shown in the attached figure 1, a steel strand 1 is anchored on a reaction frame 5 through a left anchorage device and a right anchorage device 2, and the tensioning prestress is controlled through a jack 4 and a load sensor 3.
As shown in the attached figure 3, a box-type heating furnace 7 is internally provided with a heating resistance wire 12 with a spiral tubular structure formed by spring coiling, and the lower support 6 is used for adjusting the height to ensure that the steel strand 1 passes through the center of the structure of the heating resistance wire 12. The thermocouple 13, the enlarged space horizontal rod 8, the enlarged space vertical column rod 9, the stay wire displacement meter 10 and the measuring clamp 11 which are positioned in the box type heating furnace 7 jointly form a measuring device for measuring the temperature and displacement change of the steel strand.
As shown in fig. 4, the measuring clamp 11 is bilaterally symmetrical and comprises a bolt 111, an upper clamp block 112 and a lower clamp block 112, a washer 113 and a nut 114, wherein the upper clamp block and the lower clamp block are provided with semicircular channels, the inner diameter of each semicircular channel on the clamp block 112 is matched with the thickness of the steel strand 1, and the semicircular channels are connected through the bolt 111 to ensure that slippage cannot occur in the measuring process.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the box-type heating furnace 7 is a side-opening square heating furnace, and two openings are respectively disposed on two sides, wherein one pair of openings disposed on the side-opening surface is used for passing the steel strand 1, and the other pair of openings above is used for passing the spatial horizontal rod 8. The heating resistance wire 12 can generate high temperature of at least 800 ℃, and the fire environment can be simulated by heat preservation of the box-type heating furnace 7.
Based on the above device, the method for testing the fire disaster of the prestressed steel strand provided by the embodiment includes the following specific steps:
s1, mounting a test piece and a heating device, anchoring the steel strand 1 on a reaction frame 5, controlling the tensioning prestress through a jack 4 and a load sensor 3, arranging a heating resistance wire 12 in a box-type heating furnace 7, and adjusting the height of a lower support 6 to enable the steel strand 1 to pass through the center of the structure of the heating resistance wire 12.
And S2, installing a measuring device, wherein the thermocouple 13 is arranged at the heating section of the steel strand 1, the measuring clamp 11 is anchored at two sides of the heating section of the steel strand 1, and the measuring clamp 11 is connected with the enlarged space horizontal rod 8 and the enlarged space vertical column rod 9 so as to carry out measurement by using the stay wire displacement meter 10.
And S3, carrying out test measurement, electrifying and heating the heating resistance wire 12, adjusting the heating time and the heating temperature, carrying out measurement under different heating time and constant temperature time and different temperature grades (200 ℃, 400 ℃, 600 ℃ and 800 ℃), measuring real-time temperature change by the thermocouple 13, recording the real-time displacement change by the stay wire displacement meter 10, and calculating the prestress loss condition of the steel strand 1 in the heating process.
And S4, stopping power-on heating, measuring the temperature change of the steel strand in the cooling process by using the thermocouple 13, recording the displacement change by using the wire drawing displacement meter 10, and calculating the prestress loss condition of the steel strand 1 in the cooling process.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any person can obtain other types of fire test devices and methods for prestressed steel strands based on the teaching of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a experimental testing arrangement of prestressing force steel strand fire which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a steel strand, an anchorage device, a load sensor, a jack, a reaction frame, a bracket, a box-type heating furnace, a space-enlarging horizontal rod, a space-enlarging upright post rod, a stay wire displacement meter and a measuring clamp;
the steel strand is anchored on the reaction frame through a left anchorage device and a right anchorage device, wherein a jack and a load sensor are arranged between the anchorage device on one side and the reaction frame and used for controlling the stretching prestress of the steel strand; two openings are respectively arranged on two sides of the box-type heating furnace and are fixed on the bracket; the steel strand penetrates through a spiral tubular structure formed by heating resistance wires in the box-type heating furnace through a pair of openings, and the steel strand is clamped by two measuring clamps at two sides of the spiral tubular structure; two measuring clamps are respectively led out from the side surface and penetrate through two space-increasing horizontal rods of the other pair of holes; the tail ends of the two space-enlarging horizontal rods are respectively fixed with a space-enlarging upright post rod; and a stay wire displacement meter is arranged between the two space-increasing upright posts.
2. The fire test testing device for the prestressed steel strand as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the box-type heating furnace is a side-opening heating furnace, wherein one pair of openings are formed in the side opening surface, and the other pair of openings are formed above the side opening surface; the support is a height-adjustable support.
3. The fire test testing device for the prestressed steel strand as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the measuring clamp comprises an upper clamp block and a lower clamp block which are provided with semicircular channels, and the two clamp blocks are fixedly connected through bolts.
4. The fire test testing device for the prestressed steel strand as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the maximum temperature of the heating resistance wire is not lower than 800 ℃.
5. The fire test testing device for the prestressed steel strand as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a thermocouple is also arranged in a spiral tube-shaped structure formed by the heating resistance wires.
6. A fire test testing method for prestressed steel strands is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: installing a test piece and a heating device: anchoring the steel strand on a reaction frame, and controlling the tensioning prestress through a jack and a load sensor; the height of the box-type heating furnace is adjusted through the bracket, so that the steel strand penetrates through a spiral tubular structure formed by heating resistance wires in the box-type heating furnace;
step S2: installing a measuring device: fixing the measuring clamps on two sides of the steel strand heating section through bolts, leading out the steel strand heating section from the box-type heating furnace through connecting the space-enlarging horizontal rod and the space-enlarging vertical column rod, and connecting the steel strand heating section and the space-enlarging horizontal rod through a stay wire displacement meter for displacement measurement; a thermocouple for measuring temperature is arranged at the heating section of the steel strand;
step S3: carrying out test measurement: electrifying and heating the heating resistance wires, adjusting heating time and heating temperature, measuring at different heating time and constant temperature time and different temperature grades, measuring real-time temperature change by a thermocouple, recording real-time displacement change by a stay wire displacement meter, and calculating the prestress loss condition in the heating process of the steel strand;
step S4: and stopping power-on heating, measuring the temperature change of the steel strand in the cooling process by using a thermocouple, recording the displacement change by using a wire pulling displacement meter, and calculating the prestress loss condition of the steel strand in the cooling process.
7. The fire test method for the prestressed steel strand as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in step S3, the different temperature levels for which the test measurements are made include at least: 200 ℃, 400 ℃, 600 ℃ and 800 ℃.
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| CN111443104B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2023-01-31 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing deformation of loose tube |
| CN111721613A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-29 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Wind-blown sand anchor rod drawing test device and test method thereof |
| CN113866217A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 上海浦江缆索股份有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant test device for bridge inhaul cable and use method thereof |
| CN113295527B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-12-09 | 燕山大学 | Device for measuring stress relaxation of fiber reinforced composite bar and measuring method thereof |
| CN113640333B (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2024-05-31 | 烟台大学 | Fireproof coating coated steel inhaul cable fire resistance limit testing device and testing method |
| CN113776716B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-12-09 | 东南大学 | Steel cable prestress loss test device and method in fire |
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| CN201852743U (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-06-01 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Moderate-temperature stretching stress relaxation testing machine for pre-stressed rolled steel |
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