CN110629223B - Deplating method for metal coating on surface of waste ABS electroplated part - Google Patents

Deplating method for metal coating on surface of waste ABS electroplated part Download PDF

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CN110629223B
CN110629223B CN201910975960.2A CN201910975960A CN110629223B CN 110629223 B CN110629223 B CN 110629223B CN 201910975960 A CN201910975960 A CN 201910975960A CN 110629223 B CN110629223 B CN 110629223B
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deplating
abs
electroplated part
mass concentration
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CN110629223A (en
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苑文仪
梁睿
王景伟
王临才
王晓岩
白建峰
张承龙
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Nantong Ruike Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Polytechnic University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
    • C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
    • C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
    • C22B15/0069—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
    • C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
    • C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
    • C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
    • C22B23/0423—Halogenated acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/006—Wet processes
    • C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/10—Etching compositions
    • C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
    • C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
    • C23F1/18—Acidic compositions for etching copper or alloys thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/10—Etching compositions
    • C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
    • C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
    • C23F1/26—Acidic compositions for etching refractory metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/10—Etching compositions
    • C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
    • C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
    • C23F1/30—Acidic compositions for etching other metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
    • C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of resource recycling of waste ABS electroplated parts, and particularly relates to a deplating method for a metal coating on the surface of a waste ABS electroplated part. Firstly, cleaning the surface of a waste ABS electroplated part to remove dust, and then respectively soaking the waste ABS electroplated part in absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution for several minutes; then placing the pretreated waste ABS electroplated part in a composite chloride solution system for reaction, and realizing the high-efficiency deplating of metal copper, nickel and chromium on the surface of the electroplated part; copper in the reaction solution is recovered by electrolysis, nickel is separated by extraction, and chromium is directly recovered by filtration, so that the purpose of recycling the surface metal full components is achieved. The method for deplating the metal coating on the surface of the waste ABS electroplated part adopts the composite chloride system as a deplating agent, uses no acid-base reagent, is clean and efficient in the whole process, does not generate waste gas, is green and environment-friendly, does not damage an ABS plastic matrix, and can improve the resource utilization value of recycled plastics.

Description

Deplating method for metal coating on surface of waste ABS electroplated part
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of resource recycling of waste ABS electroplated parts, and particularly relates to a deplating method for a metal coating on the surface of a waste ABS electroplated part.
Background
The plastic electroplated part has the characteristics of light weight, attractive appearance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and easiness in injection molding, is widely applied to the fields of automobile, bathroom, toy manufacturing and the like, and is commented on consistently. The demand of plastic electroplated parts in China is about 20 ten thousand tons per year; 80-90% of the parts are ABS electroplated parts. ABS is a terpolymer of three monomers of acrylonitrile (A), butadiene (B) and styrene (S) as an organic polymer material, and the relative contents of the three monomers can be randomly changed to prepare various resins. Due to the structural characteristics of ABS, the ABS alloy has good electroplating performance by controlling the content of butadiene (B) in the three substances. ABS plastic is used as a resource, and if the ABS plastic can be recycled, economic benefits can be generated, and the environment can be protected. While the copper, nickel and chromium (Cu, Ni, Cr) coatings on plastic surfaces are heavy metals and contain approximately 15-25% of the plated part mass. Therefore, if the waste plastic electroplated parts are not properly treated, not only can resources be wasted, but also heavy metal pollution can be caused to influence the environment and the human health.
So far, the stripping method of ABS plastic electroplated parts mainly comprises a physical method, a biological method and a chemical method. Wherein: the physical method causes dust pollution and great damage to the plastic substrate, and the chemical method needs to use a large amount of acid and alkali and harms the environment; the treatment period of the biological method is long; in the above, any method has disadvantages, and cannot give consideration to both economic and environmental benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel deplating method for a metal coating on the surface of a waste ABS electroplated part; the method adopts a composite chloride system as a deplating agent, does not use acid-base reagents, is clean and efficient in the whole process, does not generate waste gas, is green and environment-friendly, does not damage an ABS plastic matrix, effectively improves the resource utilization value of recycled plastics, and avoids the problem of environmental pollution caused by the treatment process while improving the production efficiency and the economic benefit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
A deplating method for a metal coating on the surface of a waste ABS electroplated part comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the waste ABS electroplated part;
step two: mixing and stirring the pretreated ABS plated part and the composite chlorine salt solution system for reaction according to the liquid-solid volume mass ratio of 3: 1-20: 1ml/g, wherein the reaction time is 0.5-2 h, the reaction temperature is 30-70 ℃, and the stirring speed is 100-900 rpm; after the reaction is finished, taking the deplated ABS plastic out to respectively obtain the ABS plastic and a deplating solution to be treated, which contains copper, nickel and flaky chromium slag metal on the surface of the ABS; wherein: FeCl in a complex chloride solution system3The mass concentration of the solution is 5-20%, and the CuCl is2The mass concentration of the solution is 5-30%, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 2-10%, and NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 0.1-4 mol/L;
step three: cleaning and drying the ABS plastic obtained in the step two to obtain pure ABS plastic;
step four: filtering the deplating solution to be treated containing copper and nickel on the surface of the ABS and flaky chromium slag metal in the second step to obtain metal chromium;
step five: extracting the deplating solution after recovering the chromium in the fourth step to recover the nickel;
step six: electrolyzing the deplating solution after recovering the nickel in the fifth step to recover copper;
step seven: and returning the deplating solution after the copper is recovered in the sixth step to the second step for recycling.
In the invention, in the first step, the method for pretreating the waste ABS electroplated part comprises the following steps: washing the ABS electroplated part with water to remove surface dust; and then sequentially placing the fragments of the ABS electroplated part into absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution to be respectively soaked for 10-30 minutes, removing impurities such as organic matters and glue on the surface, and taking out for later use.
In the second step, the liquid-solid volume-to-mass ratio is 5: 1-10: 1ml/g, the reaction time is 0.5-1.5 h, the reaction temperature is 40-70 ℃, and the rotation speed is 200-600 rpm.
In the second step, the liquid-solid volume-to-mass ratio is 7: 1-10: 1ml/g, the reaction time is 0.5-0.75 h, the reaction temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the rotation speed is 400-600 rpm.
In the second step, the liquid-solid volume-to-mass ratio is 7: 1-10: 1ml/g, the reaction time is 1-1.5 h, the reaction temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the rotation speed is 400-600 rpm.
In the invention, in the second step, FeCl3The mass concentration of the solution is 7-10%, and the CuCl is2The mass concentration of the solution is 10-15%, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 8-10%, and NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 0.5-1 mol/L.
In the invention, in the second step, FeCl3The mass concentration of the solution is 8-10%, and the CuCl is2The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 1 mol/L.
Compared with the prior art of removing the metal on the surface of the waste ABS electroplated part, the method provided by the invention has the following advantages:
the method adopts a non-acid system, has low reaction temperature and mild reaction conditions, can reduce the corrosion to reaction equipment and reduce the damage to a plastic substrate; the deplating solution is simple to treat after use and can be repeatedly used; the stripping solution has simple components and cheap reagents, and can reduce the cost; compared with a mechanical method, the method can almost completely remove the metal coating, the deplating rate reaches more than 99.2 percent, and the cleanliness of the recovered ABS plastic is increased, so that the grade of the recovered ABS plastic used as a reclaimed material is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Example 1
Washing the waste ABS electroplated part with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence to obtain a washed ABS electroplated part; placing 4g of the cleaned ABS electroplated part in a composite chloride solution system according to the liquid-solid volume mass ratio of 7ml/g, placing 1 stirrer with the diameter of 7 mm, and then reacting for 30 min at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500 rpm; wherein FeCl3Mass concentration of the solution7% of CuCl2The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 8 percent, NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 0.5 mol/L; and after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample. And then, completely deplating, taking the deplated sample out of the deplating solution after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample, and then calculating the deplating rate according to the two deplating results.
And (3) respectively filtering the deplating solution containing copper-nickel ions and chromium slag metal on the surface of the ABS after deplating to obtain metal chromium, extracting (P204 is an extracting agent) to obtain nickel and performing cyclone electrolysis to obtain metal copper, and recovering the metal and returning the deplating solution for recycling.
The calculated deplating rate of the metal on the surface of the ABS electroplated part fragment is 89.1 percent.
Example 2
Washing the waste ABS electroplated part with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence to obtain a washed ABS electroplated part; placing 4g of the cleaned ABS electroplated part in a composite chloride solution system according to the liquid-solid volume mass ratio of 10ml/g, placing 1 stirrer with the diameter of 7 mm, and then reacting for 45 min at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500 rpm; wherein FeCl3The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, and the CuCl2The mass concentration of the solution is 15 percent, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 8 percent, NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 1.0 mol/L; and after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample. And then, completely deplating, taking the deplated sample out of the deplating solution after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample, and then calculating the deplating rate according to the two deplating results.
And (3) respectively filtering the deplating solution containing copper-nickel ions and chromium slag metal on the surface of the ABS after deplating to obtain metal chromium, extracting (P204 is an extracting agent) to obtain nickel and performing cyclone electrolysis to obtain metal copper, and recovering the metal and returning the deplating solution for recycling.
The calculated deplating rate of the metal on the surface of the ABS electroplated part fragments is 92.2 percent.
Example 3
Washing the waste ABS electroplated part with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence to obtainCleaning the ABS electroplated part; placing 4g of the cleaned ABS electroplated part in a composite chloride solution system according to the liquid-solid volume mass ratio of 10ml/g, placing 1 stirrer with the diameter of 7 mm, and then reacting for 60 min at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500 rpm; wherein FeCl3The mass concentration of the solution is 8 percent, and the CuCl2The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 1.0 mol/L; and after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample. And then, completely deplating, taking the deplated sample out of the deplating solution after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample, and then calculating the deplating rate according to the two deplating results.
And (3) respectively filtering the deplating solution containing copper-nickel ions and chromium slag metal on the surface of the ABS after deplating to obtain metal chromium, extracting (P204 is an extracting agent) to obtain nickel and performing cyclone electrolysis to obtain metal copper, and recovering the metal and returning the deplating solution for recycling.
The calculated deplating rate of the metal on the surface of the ABS electroplated part fragment is 95.6 percent.
Example 4
Washing the waste ABS electroplated part with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence to obtain a washed ABS electroplated part; placing 4g of cleaned fragments of the ABS electroplated part in a composite chloride solution system according to the liquid-solid volume mass ratio of 7ml/g, placing 1 stirrer with the diameter of 7 mm, and then reacting for 90 min at the temperature of 70 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500 rpm; wherein FeCl3The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, and the CuCl2The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 1.0 mol/L; and after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample. And then, completely deplating, taking the deplated sample out of the deplating solution after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample, and then calculating the deplating rate according to the two deplating results.
And (3) respectively filtering the deplating solution containing copper-nickel ions and chromium slag metal on the surface of the ABS after deplating to obtain metal chromium, extracting (P204 is an extracting agent) to obtain nickel and performing cyclone electrolysis to obtain metal copper, and recovering the metal and returning the deplating solution for recycling.
The calculated deplating rate of the metal on the surface of the ABS electroplated part fragments is 99.2 percent.
Example 5
Washing the waste ABS electroplated part with water, ethanol and acetone in sequence to obtain a washed ABS electroplated part; 4g of cleaned fragments of the ABS electroplated part are placed in a composite chloride solution system according to the liquid-solid volume mass ratio of 5ml/g, 1 stirrer with the diameter of 7 mm is placed in the system, and then the fragments react for 90 min at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500 rpm; wherein FeCl3The mass concentration of the solution is 8 percent, and the CuCl2The mass concentration of the solution is 12 percent, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 8 percent, NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 1.0 mol/L; and after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample. And then, completely deplating, taking the deplated sample out of the deplating solution after the reaction is finished, cleaning, drying and weighing the sample, and then calculating the deplating rate according to the two deplating results.
And (3) respectively filtering the deplating solution containing copper-nickel ions and chromium slag metal on the surface of the ABS after deplating to obtain metal chromium, extracting (P204 is an extracting agent) to obtain nickel and performing cyclone electrolysis to obtain metal copper, and recovering the metal and returning the deplating solution for recycling.
The calculated deplating rate of the metal on the surface of the ABS electroplated part fragment is 89.8%.

Claims (6)

1. A deplating method for a metal coating on the surface of a waste ABS electroplated part is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating a waste ABS electroplated part: washing the ABS electroplated part with water to remove surface dust; then sequentially putting the fragments of the ABS electroplated part into absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution to be respectively soaked for 10-30 minutes, and taking out for later use;
step two: mixing and stirring the pretreated ABS plated part and the composite chlorine salt solution system for reaction according to the liquid-solid volume mass ratio of 3: 1-20: 1ml/g, wherein the reaction time is 0.5-2 h, the reaction temperature is 30-70 ℃, and the stirring speed is 100-900 rpm; after the reaction is finished, taking out the deplated ABS plastic to respectively obtain the ABS plastic and the ABS plasticDeplating liquid to be treated of copper, nickel and flaky chromium slag metal on the surface of ABS; wherein: FeCl in a complex chloride solution system3The mass concentration of the solution is 5-20%, and the CuCl is2The mass concentration of the solution is 5-30%, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 2-10%, and NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 0.1-4 mol/L;
step three: cleaning and drying the ABS plastic obtained in the step two to obtain pure ABS plastic;
step four: filtering the deplating solution containing copper and nickel on the surface of the ABS and flaky chromium slag metal to be treated in the step two to obtain metal chromium;
step five: extracting the deplating solution after recovering the chromium in the fourth step to recover the nickel;
step six: electrolyzing the deplating solution after recovering the nickel in the fifth step to recover copper;
step seven: and returning the deplating solution after the copper is recovered in the sixth step to the second step for recycling.
2. The deplating method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the volume-to-solid mass ratio is 5:1 to 10:1ml/g, the reaction time is 0.5 to 1.5 hours, the reaction temperature is 40 to 70 ℃, and the rotation speed is 200-600 rpm.
3. The deplating method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the second step, the volume-to-solid mass ratio is 7: 1-10: 1ml/g, the reaction time is 0.5-0.75 h, the reaction temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the rotation speed is 400-600 rpm.
4. The deplating method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the second step, the volume-to-solid mass ratio is 7: 1-10: 1ml/g, the reaction time is 1-1.5 h, the reaction temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the rotation speed is 400-600 rpm.
5. The deplating method according to claim 1, wherein in step two, FeCl3The mass concentration of the solution is 7-10%, and the CuCl is2Mass concentration of the solution10-15% of AlCl3The mass concentration of the solution is 8-10%, and NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 0.5-1 mol/L.
6. The deplating method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein in step two, FeCl3The mass concentration of the solution is 8-10%, and the CuCl is2The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, and AlCl is added3The mass concentration of the solution is 10 percent, NH4The molar concentration of the Cl solution is 1 mol/L.
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CN111361050A (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-07-03 宁波多普达聚合物有限公司 Deplating recovery method for electroplating ABS plastic
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