CN110627219A - Automatic ecological chinampa of aquatic plant goes up and down - Google Patents

Automatic ecological chinampa of aquatic plant goes up and down Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110627219A
CN110627219A CN201910919990.1A CN201910919990A CN110627219A CN 110627219 A CN110627219 A CN 110627219A CN 201910919990 A CN201910919990 A CN 201910919990A CN 110627219 A CN110627219 A CN 110627219A
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anchor rod
floating island
floating
anchor
height
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于素英
黄汉林
钟智清
于建涛
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Yifang Technology Guangzhou Co Ltd
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Yifang Technology Guangzhou Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/008Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological engineering, in particular to an automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island. This chinampa includes a plurality of interconnect's floating bed, plants the aquatic plant on floating bed to and with floating bed fixed connection's automatic lifting device, automatic lifting device comprises screed-coat, prefabricated anchor slab and the lifter that supreme setting down from down, and the lifter is cup jointed by the different stock of a plurality of diameters and is constituteed. The invention paves the leveling course on the original riverbed, levels the local riverbed, and makes the prefabricated anchor plate on the leveling course in a horizontal state; the prefabricated anchor plate is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of the lifting rod, so that the condition that the lifting rod cannot be directly driven into a hard riverbed is avoided, a soft riverbed with silt at the bottom is avoided, the phenomenon of poor fixing effect of the lifting rod is also avoided, the application range of the floating island is expanded, the original riverbed and riverbank structures are not damaged in the construction process, the construction is simple and convenient, and the construction speed is high.

Description

Automatic ecological chinampa of aquatic plant goes up and down
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological engineering, in particular to an automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island.
Background
The ecological floating island is an artificial floating island which can degrade the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in water by using the ecological engineering principle aiming at eutrophic water quality, and higher aquatic plants or domesticated terrestrial plants are planted on the water floating island by using a floating body capable of floating on the water surface, so that the plants grow on the floating island to build a water plant landscape, and nitrogen, organic phosphorus and pollutants in an oxygen-enriched water body are reduced through the absorption and adsorption action of roots and the species restriction mechanism, thereby achieving the effect of ecologically purifying the water quality, and simultaneously having the comprehensive functions of creating the living space of organisms, improving the landscape, eliminating waves and the like.
The floating island plant is an important component of an ecological floating island, is not only a bearer of the ecological function of the floating island, but also a presenter of the landscape effect of the floating island, but the plant preparation of the existing floating island is difficult to take both landscape and ecological functions into consideration. On the other hand, the traditional fixing mode of the ecological floating island is mainly characterized in that ropes are matched with gabions or anchor hooks to fix the ecological floating island after sinking, and the mode is not favorable for fixing the floating island.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island, which has the effects of water purification and water scene beautification, and has a good fixing effect on the floating island.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an automatic ecological chinampa of aquatic plant goes up and down, chinampa include a plurality of interconnect's floating bed, plant the aquatic plant on floating bed to and with floating bed fixed connection's automatic lifting device, wherein: the automatic lifting device comprises a leveling layer, a prefabricated anchor plate and a lifting rod, wherein the leveling layer, the prefabricated anchor plate and the lifting rod are arranged from bottom to top, the lifting rod is formed by sleeving a plurality of anchor rods with different diameters, the upper end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the floating bed, and the lower end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the prefabricated anchor plate.
Furthermore, the leveling layer is a granite gravel cushion layer and is laid on the riverbed, and the prefabricated anchor plate is a prefabricated concrete heavy object arranged on the leveling layer.
Further, the lifter includes first stock and cup joints in the outside second stock of first stock, and the length of first stock is greater than the length of second stock, the lower extreme and the prefabricated anchor slab fixed connection of first stock, the upper end and the chinampa fixed connection of second stock.
Further, the length of the first anchor rod and the second anchor rod meets the following conditions:
(1) the height of the lifting rod exposed out of the water surface is not higher than the height of the grown plants under the lowest water level of the river surface;
(2) the lowest sinking height of the whole floating island is not more than the water surface height of the lowest water level;
(3) under the action of the highest water level and the largest wind waves of the river surface, the surplus length of the sleeved and overlapped part of the first anchor rod and the second anchor rod is not less than 0.1 m.
Further, the length of the first anchor rod is set to be h1The length of the second anchor rod is h2The thickness of the leveling layer is d1Thickness of the prefabricated anchor slab is d2The lowest water level of the river surface is H1The highest water level is H2The height of the riverbed is H3The average wave height under the maximum wind wave is hmThe height of the plant after growing is L, and the length of the first anchor rod is h1And a second anchor length h2The following conditions are satisfied:
h1+d1+d2-(H1-H3)≤L;
h2+d1+d2≤H1-H3
h1+h2+d1+d2-(H2-H3+hm)≥0.1。
further, float the bed and float and be connected through the connector link between the bed, float the middle part of bed and be provided with planting hole, at planting downthehole fixedly connected with field planting basket, aquatic plant is fixed in the field planting basket.
Furthermore, the lifting rods are arranged every 15-30 meters along the direction of the river bank.
Furthermore, a protective structure is arranged at the lower part of the floating bed.
Furthermore, the protective structure is a 1400-mesh polyester net, and bricks are fixed on the polyester net to prevent the polyester net from being attached to the bottom of the floating bed.
Furthermore, the lifting rod is arranged close to the bank and is 25-40cm away from the bank.
Further, the aquatic plant is any of canna aquatica, thaliana officinalis, calamus, arundo donax, vernolia, saxifrage, taro and water lily, and the height of the aquatic plant is 80-100 cm.
The automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island comprises a leveling layer, a prefabricated anchor plate and a lifting rod which are sequentially arranged, wherein the leveling layer is laid on an original riverbed to level a local riverbed, so that the prefabricated anchor plate on the leveling layer is in a horizontal state; the prefabricated anchor plate is horizontally arranged on the leveling layer and is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of the lifting rod, so that the situation that the lifting rod cannot be directly driven into a hard riverbed is avoided, and on the other hand, the phenomenon of poor fixing effect of the lifting rod is avoided for a soft riverbed with silt at the bottom of the river; the other end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the floating island, and the lifting rod is formed by sleeving anchor rods with different diameters, so that the lifting rod can automatically lift along with the height of the water level, the floating island is fixed in the horizontal direction, and the lifting rod can freely lift along with the height of the water level in the vertical direction. The automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island is adaptive to both soft riverbeds and hard riverbeds through the arrangement of the automatic lifting device, the application range of the floating island is expanded, the original riverbed and river bank structures are not damaged in the construction process, the construction is simple and convenient, and the construction speed is high.
(2) According to the automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island, aquatic plants such as canna, phyllostachys praecox and the like are selected, and a soilless culture method is adopted, so that the roots of the aquatic plants directly absorb nutrients in a water body, nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in the enriched water body are reduced, N, P and organic matters and other nutrients in water can be effectively degraded, the purposes of balancing and purifying water quality are achieved in a natural ecological mode, and the water quality can be effectively improved in a short time. Meanwhile, the floating island is arranged on the river bank, so that the polluted river bank can be shielded, and beautiful waterscape landscape can be formed through matching and combination of emergent aquatic plants, floating plants and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of beautifying the waterscape and the river bank.
(3) According to the automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island, the protective structure is arranged below the floating island, and the polyester net with the small aperture is adopted and fixed by bricks, so that on one hand, roots of aquatic plants grow in a large space, biting of fishes and shrimps on plant roots is avoided, on the other hand, small fish seeds and the like can still enter the polyester net and attach to the plant roots, propagation of fishes and shrimps aquatic animals is facilitated, and a stable and balanced ecological system is formed in river water.
(4) According to the automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island, the floating bed is connected with the floating bed through the connecting buckles, so that ecological landscapes in any shapes can be spliced, and the ornamental effect of the floating island is improved.
(5) According to the automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island, the lifting rod arranged close to the river bank still keeps a certain distance from the river bank, so that damage of plants due to friction with the river bank under the condition of wind and waves is effectively prevented, and the growth of the plants is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an automatic lifting ecological floating island for aquatic plants according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1-floating bed, 11-planting hole, 12-reoxygenation vent hole, 2-aquatic plant, 3-leveling layer, 4-prefabricated anchor plate, 5-lifting rod, 51-first anchor rod, 52-second anchor rod, 53-third anchor rod, 54-horizontal anchor rod, 6-riverbed, 7-riverbank, 8-polyester net and 9-brick.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating island, as shown in fig. 1-3, the floating island comprises a plurality of mutually connected floating beds 1, aquatic plants 2 planted on the floating beds 1, and an automatic lifting device fixedly connected with the floating beds 1, wherein: automatic lifting device comprises screed-coat 3, prefabricated anchor slab 4 and lifter 5 of supreme setting down from down, and lifter 5 cup joints by the different stock of a plurality of diameters and forms, 5 upper ends of lifter and 1 fixed connection of floating bed, lower extreme and prefabricated anchor slab 4 fixed connection.
The local river bed is leveled by paving a leveling layer 3 on the original river bed, so that the prefabricated anchor plate 4 on the leveling layer 3 is in a horizontal state; the prefabricated anchor plate 4 is horizontally arranged on the leveling layer 3 and is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of the lifting rod 5, so that the situation that the lifting rod 5 cannot be directly driven into a hard riverbed is avoided on one hand, and on the other hand, the phenomenon that the lifting rod 5 is directly driven into the soft riverbed with silt at the bottom of the river and the fixing effect is poor is also avoided, so that the floating island structure disclosed by the invention can adapt to both the soft riverbed and the hard riverbed, the application range of the floating island is expanded, the original riverbed and riverbank structures are not damaged in the construction process, the construction is simple and convenient, and the construction speed is high. Simultaneously 5 other ends of lifter and chinampa fixed connection to adopt the stock of different diameters to cup joint and form, make the lifter can along with the automatic rising of water level height, and then guarantee that chinampa is fixed in horizontal direction position, vertical direction can freely go up and down along with the water level height.
Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the leveling layer 3 is a granite gravel cushion layer, which is laid on the river bed 6 to level the river bed. The precast anchor plate 4 is a precast concrete heavy object placed on the leveling layer 3. And (3) filling granite broken stones into the river bottom at the position where the prefabricated anchor plate is to be placed by using a special excavator on water, and leveling underwater by using an excavator bucket. And the concrete heavy objects are hung on the underwater leveling layer by a special overwater crane.
More specifically, the weight and size of the prefabricated anchor plate are set according to factors such as the wind load, the setting distance of the connecting rod and the like which can be encountered by different river surfaces. Wherein, the wind load Wk=βz·μs·μz·W0,W0Is the basic wind pressure value (kN/m)2),μsIs the wind carrier type coefficient, muzIs the height coefficient of variation of wind pressure, betazIs the wind vibration coefficient at z height. Supposing that two lifting rods are arranged every h meter, the height of the plant is L, and the horizontal force borne by every two lifting rods is as follows: f ═ Wk·h·L。
If the friction coefficient of the prefabricated anchor plate and the river bed is mu, the density of the prefabricated anchor plate is rho, and the volume of the prefabricated anchor plate is V, the requirement that the friction force of the prefabricated anchor plate and the river bed is greater than the horizontal force borne by the lifting rod is met, namely:
μgV(ρ-ρwater (W))>Wk·h·L。
The size range of the prefabricated anchor plate can be determined, and the length, width and height of the prefabricated anchor plate can be determined according to the size of the actual floating island, the concrete consumption of the prefabricated anchor plate and the like.
As an embodiment of the present invention, an ecological floating island is installed in a waterfront landscape zone in a southern sand area of guangzhou city. In this embodiment, the basic wind pressure W is met in 10 years in the south sand area00.35, high coefficient of variation of wind pressure muz1, wind carrier coefficient μs0.5 (refer to safety net), wind vibration coefficient betazAvailable wind load W1k=1×0.5×1×0.35=0.175kN/m2
Set up two lifter according to every 15 meters along the river bank direction, the plant height is 1 meter, and the horizontal force that every two lifter received is: f ═ Wk·h·L=0.175×15×1=2.625kN。
The friction coefficient of the prefabricated anchor plate and the riverbed is 0.5, and the density of the prefabricated anchor plate is 2200kg/m3The volume is V, then need to satisfy the frictional force that prefabricated anchor slab and riverbed are greater than the horizontal force that the lifter received, promptly:
μgV(ρ-ρwater (W))>Wk·h·L。
The volume V of the prefabricated anchor plate is more than 2625/(0.5 multiplied by 9.8 multiplied by 2200-3
In this embodiment, the length of the prefabricated anchor plate is set to 2.6m according to the width of the corresponding floating island, the prefabricated anchor plate is set to 0.2m for ensuring that the lifting rod is inserted into the prefabricated anchor plate and has a larger thickness so as to improve the transverse stress capacity of the lifting rod, and then the width of the prefabricated anchor plate is set to 0.9m by comprehensively considering cost factors, process difficulty and the like, so that the volume V of the prefabricated anchor plate is 2.6 × 0.9 × 0.2 ═ 0.468 > 0.446m3
Thus, using prefabricated anchor slabs of dimensions 2.6m (length) x 0.9m (width) x 0.2m (thickness) can resist the high winds encountered in 10 years in the southern sand region.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the lifting rod 5 includes a first anchor rod 51 and a second anchor rod 52 sleeved outside the first anchor rod 51, and the length of the first anchor rod 51 is greater than that of the second anchor rod 52. In some embodiments of the present invention, the lifting rod 5 further includes a third anchor rod 53, a lower end of the third anchor rod 53 is embedded in the precast concrete sinker, a nominal diameter of the first anchor rod 51 is smaller than a nominal diameter of the third anchor rod 53, and an upper end of the third anchor rod 53 is sleeved outside a lower end of the first anchor rod 51 and is fixedly connected with the first anchor rod 51 through a screw. The third stock 53 is short in length and is directly pre-buried in concrete and cured, and through the arrangement of the third stock 53, compared with the direct fixed connection of the first stock 51 with long length and the prefabricated anchor plate 4, the integral structure of the prefabricated anchor plate 4 is simplified, and the transportation and the hoisting are easy. More specifically, the nominal diameter of the first anchor rod 51 is smaller than the nominal diameter of the second anchor rod 52, the second anchor rod 52 is sleeved outside the first anchor rod 51, and the length of the first anchor rod 51 is larger than that of the second anchor rod 52. The floating island is controlled to freely lift along with the height of the water level by the arrangement of the sleeve structure of the lifting rod 5.
Specifically, the lengths of the first anchor rod 51 and the second anchor rod 52 satisfy the following condition:
(1) the height of the lifting rod exposed out of the water surface is not higher than the height of the grown plants under the lowest water level of the river surface;
(2) the lowest sinking height of the whole floating island is not more than the water surface height of the lowest water level;
(3) under the action of the highest water level and the largest wind waves of the river surface, the surplus length of the sleeved and overlapped part of the first anchor rod and the second anchor rod is not less than 0.1 m.
Specifically, the length of the first anchor rod is set to be h1The length of the second anchor rod is h2The thickness of the leveling layer is d1Thickness of the precast slab layer is d2The lowest water level of the river surface is H1The highest water level is H2The height of the riverbed is H3The average wave height under the maximum wind waves is hm, the height of the grown plants is L, and the length h of the first anchor rod1And a second anchor length h2The following conditions are satisfied:
h1+d1+d2-(H1-H3)≤L
h2+d1+d2≤H1-H3
h1+h2+d1+d2-(H2-H3+hm)≥0.1。
under the condition that the floating island meets the requirements, structural components such as the lifting rod and the like are hidden on the water surface or below the plants no matter under any water level, so that the floating island is ensured not to be influenced in shape, and the floating island is more attractive. Meanwhile, the plant root system can be immersed in water to absorb nutrients at any water level. The floating island structure is stable and reliable, can ensure that the floating island is not taken away by wind waves, prevents a floating bed from being overturned by the wind waves, and can buffer mutual collision between the floating island and the floating island under the conditions of severe water level change and large wind waves, so that the floating island structure is stable and durable. The floating bed has high risk resistance, can resist 8-level typhoon, and can resist 7-level typhoon (after the typhoon, proper construction treatment is needed).
As an embodiment of the present invention, an ecological floating island is installed in a waterfront landscape zone in a southern sand area of guangzhou city. In this embodiment, the length of the first anchor rod is set to h1The length of the second anchor rod is h2The thickness of the leveling layer is d10.2m, the thickness of the prefabricated anchor rod is d20.2m, the minimum water level height of the river surface is H14.7m, the height of the highest water level is H26.3m, high riverbedDegree of H33.2m, average wave height under maximum wind wave is hmThe height of the plant after growing is 0.8m-1m, and the L is 0.8 m.
Wherein, the average wave height under the maximum wind wave is calculated according to rolling type earth-rock dam design specification SL274-2011, appendix A wave and slope protection, and the specific formula of the test station for the Pu field is as follows:
a.1.4 average depth H of water area in wind zonemAnd preferably, a topographic profile is drawn along the wind direction for calculation, and the calculated water level is consistent with the static water level under the corresponding design condition.
The average wave height and average wave period of the A.1.5 waves are preferably calculated according to the formulae (A.1.5-1) and (A.1.5-2) by using the formula of Tantan test station:
in the formula hm-mean wave height, m;
Tm-average wave period, s;
w-calculate wind speed, m/s;
d is wind zone length, m;
Hm-average water depth in water, m;
g-gravitational acceleration, is 9.81m/s2
According to the maximum value of 8-level wind speed: 20.7 m/s; wind speed correction factor: 1.0; wind zone length: taking 5 times of the width of the river channel, and calculating by 100 meters; the average depth of the water area is the river depth of 50 years: 6.3-3.2 ═ 3.1 m; gradient coefficient: 0.
the average wave height is calculated: h ism0.1129 m.
To sum up, the first anchor rod h1And a second anchor length h2The following conditions are satisfied:
h1+0.2+0.2-(4.7-3.2)≤0.8
h2+0.2+0.2≤4.7-3.2
h1+h2+0.2+0.2-(6.3-3.2+0.1129)≥0.1。
calculated by the above conditions, 1.4129 is less than or equal to h1≤1.9,1.0129≤h2≤1.5。
Under the condition, the length of the first anchor rod is 1.9m, and the length of the second anchor rod is 1.2m, so that the requirements are met. At the moment, the surplus length of the sleeved overlapping part of the first anchor rod and the second anchor rod is 1.9+1.2+0.2+0.2- (6.3-3.2+0.1129) ═ 0.29m, namely, the length of the lifting rod is still 29cm of overlapping part under the conditions of highest water level and 8-grade wind, and the length of the lifting rod meets the requirement. The height of the lifting rod exposed out of the water surface under the lowest water level is 1.9+0.2+ 0.2-1.5-0.8 m, and the height of the grown plants is 0.8m-1m which is more than or equal to 0.8 m. The lowest sinking height of the whole floating island is 0.2+0.2+ 1.2-1.6 m, which is 1.5m higher than the lowest water level. Therefore, the length setting of the first anchor rod and the second anchor rod in the embodiment meets the requirement.
Specifically, the floating bed 1 is connected with the floating bed 1 through a connecting buckle (not shown), and the lifting rod 5 further includes a horizontal anchor rod 54, as shown in fig. 1-3, the horizontal anchor rod 54 is vertically and fixedly connected with the upper end of the second anchor rod 52, and the horizontal anchor rod 54 is fixedly connected with the floating island. As an embodiment of the invention, the horizontal anchor rod 54 is welded with the upper end of the second anchor rod 52, and the horizontal anchor rod 54 is bound and fixed with the floating bed 1 at the edge of the floating island, so that the position of the floating island is fixed in the horizontal direction, and the floating island can freely lift and lower along with the height of the water level under the action of the first anchor rod 51 and the second anchor rod 52 in the vertical direction.
In some embodiments of the invention, the floating bed 1 is a high molecular polyethylene material with the size of 1000mm x 500mm x 60mm, each group of floating beds comprises 8 planting holes, and the hole diameter is 160 mm; as another embodiment of the invention, the floating bed is a circular structure with the diameter of 330mm and the thickness of 65mm, the middle part is provided with planting holes, and the hole diameter is 170 mm. Preferably, in some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the floating bed is a cuboid structure with dimensions of 330mm x 330mm x 65mm, the middle of the floating bed 1 is provided with planting holes 11 with a diameter of 170mm, and planting baskets 13 are fixedly connected in the planting holes 11. The floating bed can bear 3 kilograms of buoyancy, and can meet the planting requirement of large-scale aquatic plants. More specifically, reoxygenation vent holes 12 are arranged around the planting holes 11 on the floating bed 1, so that oxygen transmission between air and a water body can be realized, and the purpose of natural reoxygenation is achieved. Meanwhile, the floating bed is treated by adopting an anti-oxidation and anti-ultraviolet technology, so that the service life of the floating bed is longer than 6 years, and the actual use cost is only half of that of a foam plate. By adopting the structure, the size of a single floating bed is smaller, so that the arrangement mode is more flexible, and the shape of the floating bed attached to the river channel can be arranged according to the shape of the river channel; the floating bed is connected with the floating bed through the connecting buckles, so that the ecological landscape in any shape can be spliced, and the ornamental effect of the floating island is improved. Meanwhile, the distance between the planting holes of the floating bed is larger, more growth spaces are provided for each plant, and the later-stage growth of the plants is facilitated.
More specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the planting basket 13 is made of polypropylene, and a clamping groove (not shown) is disposed in the planting basket 13 to ensure that the aquatic plant is stably fixed in the planting basket 13. 3 aquatic plants are planted in each planting basket 13.
More specifically, the aquatic plant is any one of canna aquatica, thaliana officinalis, calamus, arundo donax, vermouth, saxifrage, taro and water lily, and the height of the aquatic plant is 80-100 cm. According to the invention, the aquatic plants are used as the plants planted in the floating island, and a soilless culture method is adopted, as the roots directly absorb nutrients in the water body, nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in the enriched water body are reduced, and N, P, organic matters and other nutrients in the water can be effectively degraded; the edge area of the contact oxidation of the water body organisms is increased, and the growth of algae is inhibited; creating a water ecosystem suitable for the growth and the reproduction of various organisms; the water purifying function is achieved, the purposes of balancing and purifying water quality are achieved in a natural ecological mode, the water quality can be effectively improved in a short time, and the ecological effect of water clearness is maintained for a long time. At present, the riparian marble hanging plate is easily polluted by pollutants in river water, so that the surface stains of the marble are serious, and the appearance is influenced. By arranging the river bank floating island, not only can the polluted river bank be shielded, but also a beautiful waterscape landscape can be formed by planting emergent aquatic canna, thaliana, calamus, arundo donax, turelia and the like on the water surface and matching and combining the emergent aquatic plants with shallow water-based floating plants such as water lily and the like. And evergreen lawn plants can be planted on the water surface to form the effect of the water surface lawn landscape.
Specifically, the lifting rods 5 are arranged in a group every 15-30 meters along the river bank direction. The floating beds between every two lifting rods form a group, and the specific length is adjusted according to the river channel site condition. Each group of floating beds is planted with a plant, the important display area is mainly planted by flowers and plants in combination with intervals, and other areas are mainly planted by water plants at intervals. The green onion is planted in large sections, the color matching is attractive and elegant, the color block effect is good, the effect of the depressed green onion can be formed, and the configuration of the green onion is coordinated with the configuration of the surrounding environment; and the same flowering phase is basically the same, so that the later-stage maintenance and management are facilitated, and the plant diseases and insect pests are reduced.
Specifically, a protective structure is arranged at the lower part of the floating bed 1. In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2-3, the protective structure is a 1400-mesh polyester net 8, and bricks 9 are fixed on the polyester net 8 to prevent the polyester net 8 from attaching to the bottom of the floating bed 1 under the action of buoyancy. Through setting up protective structure in chinampa below, adopt the finer polyester net in aperture and fixed with the fragment of brick, make the aquatic plant rhizome have great space to grow on the one hand, avoided gnawing of fishes and shrimps etc. to plant roots, on the other hand less roe etc. still can get into the polyester net and depend on plant roots, help the reproduction of fishes and shrimps class aquatic animal, guarantee that the river forms stable, balanced ecosystem in the water. In some embodiments of the invention, a protective structure is provided in units of each group of floating beds.
Specifically, the lifting rod 5 is arranged close to the river bank 7 and is 25-40cm away from the river bank. The lifting rod 5 arranged close to the river bank 7 still keeps a certain distance from the river bank 7, so that the damage of plants due to friction with the river bank 7 under the condition of wind and wave is effectively prevented, and the growth of the plants is facilitated.
The automatic lifting aquatic plant ecological floating bed of the invention can freely 'tell the old and receive new' by exciting the self energy of the floating bed, and maintain the healthy aquatic ecological environment. A biological floating bed is arranged in a polluted water area, aquatic plants with water purification, ornamental value and economic value are planted on the floating bed by using a medium, and the water quality is improved and purified by using the functions of adsorption and absorption of root systems of the plants, biochemical degradation of microorganisms and the like. Meanwhile, the formation of aquatic plant communities can also provide habitats for wild animals and insects. Therefore, the polluted water flows through the ecological community formed by plants and animals to form a continuous and stable circulating purification process, and the water quality of the water area acted by the floating island is ensured to be continuously good.
The present invention has been further described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications made to the above-described embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art after reading this specification are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic ecological chinampa of aquatic plant goes up and down, its characterized in that, the chinampa includes a plurality of interconnected floating beds, the aquatic plant of planting on the floating bed, and with the automatic lifting device of floating bed fixed connection, wherein: the automatic lifting device comprises screed-coat, prefabricated anchor slab and the lifter of supreme setting down from down, the lifter cup joints by the stock that a plurality of diameters are different and forms, the lifter upper end with bed fixed connection floats, the lower extreme with prefabricated anchor slab vertical fixation connects.
2. The ecological floating island of automatic lifting aquatic plants according to claim 1, wherein the leveling layer is a granite gravel cushion layer laid on the riverbed, and the prefabricated anchor plate is a prefabricated concrete sinker placed on the leveling layer.
3. The ecological floating island of automatic lifting aquatic plants of claim 1, wherein the lifting rod comprises a first anchor rod and a second anchor rod sleeved outside the first anchor rod, the length of the first anchor rod is greater than that of the second anchor rod, the lower end of the first anchor rod is fixedly connected with the prefabricated anchor plate, and the upper end of the second anchor rod is fixedly connected with the floating island.
4. The ecological floating island of automatic lifting aquatic plants of claim 3, wherein the length of the first anchor rod and the second anchor rod satisfies the following condition:
(1) the height of the lifting rod exposed out of the water surface is not higher than the height of the grown plants under the lowest water level of the river surface;
(2) the lowest sinking height of the whole floating island is not more than the water surface height of the lowest water level;
(3) under the action of the highest water level and the largest wind waves of the river surface, the surplus length of the sleeved and overlapped part of the first anchor rod and the second anchor rod is not less than 0.1 m.
5. The ecological floating island for automatically lifting aquatic plants according to claim 4, wherein the length of the first anchor rod is h1The length of the second anchor rod is h2The thickness of the leveling layer is d1Thickness of the prefabricated anchor slab is d2The lowest water level of the river surface is H1The highest water level is H2The height of the riverbed is H3The average wave height under the maximum wind wave is hmThe height of the plant after growing is L, and the length h of the first anchor rod1And a second anchor length h2The following conditions are satisfied:
h1+d1+d2-(H1-H3)≤L;
h2+d1+d2≤H1-H3
h1+h2+d1+d2-(H2-H3+hm)≥0.1。
6. the automatic lifting ecological floating island for aquatic plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the floating bed is connected with the floating bed through a connecting buckle, planting holes are formed in the middle of the floating bed, planting baskets are fixedly connected in the planting holes, and aquatic plants are fixed in the planting baskets.
7. The ecological floating island for automatic lifting aquatic plants according to claim 1, wherein a protective structure is arranged at the lower part of the floating bed.
8. The ecological floating island of automatic lifting aquatic plants of claim 7, wherein the protective structure is 1400 mesh polyester net, and bricks are fixed on the polyester net to prevent the polyester net from being attached to the bottom of the floating bed.
9. The ecological floating island with automatic lifting aquatic plants of claim 1, wherein the lifting rods are arranged near the bank and are 25-40cm away from the bank.
10. The ecological floating island of automatically-lifting aquatic plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aquatic plants are any of canna aquatica, reshuffle, calamus, arundo donax, turelia chinensis, saxifrage, taro and water lily, and the height of the aquatic plants is 80-100 cm.
CN201910919990.1A 2019-09-26 2019-09-26 Automatic ecological chinampa of aquatic plant goes up and down Pending CN110627219A (en)

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CN114314851A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-12 南京科盛环保技术有限公司 Suspended ecological restoration artificial island and construction method
CN116924577A (en) * 2023-08-09 2023-10-24 临沂市园林环卫保障服务中心 Ecological floating bed for landscape gardens

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CN114314851A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-12 南京科盛环保技术有限公司 Suspended ecological restoration artificial island and construction method
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CN116924577B (en) * 2023-08-09 2024-03-29 临沂市园林环卫保障服务中心 Ecological floating bed for landscape gardens

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