CN110623159A - Pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110623159A CN110623159A CN201911021606.2A CN201911021606A CN110623159A CN 110623159 A CN110623159 A CN 110623159A CN 201911021606 A CN201911021606 A CN 201911021606A CN 110623159 A CN110623159 A CN 110623159A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- apigenin
- linseed oil
- solid lipid
- lipid nanoparticles
- pig feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- KZNIFHPLKGYRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N apigenin Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC(=O)C2=C(O)C=C(O)C=C2O1 KZNIFHPLKGYRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 235000008714 apigenin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- XADJWCRESPGUTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N apigenin Natural products C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 XADJWCRESPGUTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 229940117893 apigenin Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000002047 solid lipid nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- IZHVBANLECCAGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3-(octadecanoyloxy)propyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IZHVBANLECCAGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 sucrose fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-CEFNRUSXSA-N D-alpha-tocopherylacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-CEFNRUSXSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OEUVSBXAMBLPES-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C(=O)OC(C)C([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C(=O)OC(C)C([O-])=O OEUVSBXAMBLPES-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940042585 tocopherol acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940074045 glyceryl distearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LADGBHLMCUINGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricaprin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC LADGBHLMCUINGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010957 calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940080352 sodium stearoyl lactylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960005150 glycerol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229940068917 polyethylene glycols Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000007760 free radical scavenging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021081 unsaturated fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AVZIYOYFVVSTGQ-RBWRNIRVSA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O AVZIYOYFVVSTGQ-RBWRNIRVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOKDXPHSIQRTJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3-[3-[3-[3-[3-[3-[3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy]propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)CO WOKDXPHSIQRTJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009044 synergistic interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004895 Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001030 Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MMQZBEXYFLXHEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O MMQZBEXYFLXHEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002292 Radical scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940090949 docosahexaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosapentaenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004626 essential fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHUSDOQQWJGJQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol 1,2-dioctadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC UHUSDOQQWJGJQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004232 linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940057917 medium chain triglycerides Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020660 omega-3 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles and a preparation method thereof. The linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles are composed of linseed oil, apigenin, solid lipid, liquid lipid, an emulsifier and deionized water. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the linseed oil, the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles, the peanut oil, the corn flour, the soybean meal, the rice bran, the vitamins and the trace elements, and then drying to obtain the pig feed containing the linseed oil and the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles. The pig feed provided by the invention contains linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles, wherein the linseed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acid necessary for a human body; the apigenin has strong oxidation resistance, can protect unsaturated fatty acid in the pig feed from being oxidized, prolongs the shelf life of the pig feed, and simultaneously has various biological activities of resisting virus, resisting bacteria, enhancing immunity and the like; the solid lipid nanoparticles can improve the absorption utilization rate of animals on linseed oil and apigenin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of feed preparation.
Background
The common feed for pigs has various types, and is divided into 8 types of protein feed, energy feed, coarse feed, green feed, silage, mineral feed and feed additive according to nutrition. The feed only can play a role of fruit belly, has no health care effect, can not grow well for pigs, and has low immunity, easy occurrence of diseases and poor meat quality.
Linseed oil (Linseed oil) is an oil extracted from flaxseeds, wherein the content of alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid is more than 60 percent, and the Linseed oil is one of the known vegetable oils with the highest content of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids at present. Alpha-linolenic acid is an essential fatty acid, a basic substance constituting cell membranes and biological enzymes, and can be converted into eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in animals, and the alpha-linolenic acid is an effective active ingredient in fish oil. Meanwhile, the linseed oil plays an important role in maintaining lipoprotein balance, reducing blood fat, regulating cholesterol metabolism, reducing blood pressure, resisting thrombus, preventing canceration and the like, and is a health-care product with multiple biological functions. However, linseed oil has more unsaturated bonds and is easily oxidized and deteriorated in the storage process. Linseed oil has very low solubility in water, resulting in low oral bioavailability.
Apigenin, a flavonoid compound, is present in many plants and fruits. In the structural formula of the apigenin, three hydroxyl groups at positions 4', 5 and 7 can be combined with active free radicals, and phenolic hydroxyl groups at positions 5 and 7 can also chelate metal ions, so that the apigenin has stronger antioxidant capacity and can be used for protecting polyunsaturated fatty acid from oxidation. In addition, apigenin also has antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, immunity enhancing, and cardiovascular protecting effects. However, since apigenin is almost insoluble in water and has low oral bioavailability, these physicochemical properties limit its application.
The lipid-based active substance delivery system takes physiologically compatible lipid as a carrier, and can be used for controlling the release of active substances, overcoming multiple physiological barriers of oral administration, increasing the absorption of insoluble active substances and improving the bioavailability. The solid lipid nanoparticle is a carrier prepared by mixing solid lipid and liquid lipid which is incompatible in space at a certain temperature. The addition of the liquid oil destroys the lattice arrangement, increases the proportion of irregular crystal forms in the lipid particle structure, increases the space capacity of the lipid particle structure for bearing active substances, thereby improving the drug-loading capacity of the carrier, and the carrier is solidified without crystallization and is in a uniform solid carrier state containing a liquid nano chamber. The solid lipid nanoparticles can obviously improve the solubility of the insoluble active substance, have higher physical stability compared with other colloid delivery systems (emulsion, liposome and the like), and simultaneously, the active ingredients are wrapped or loaded in the solid lipid, so that the fluidity of active oxygen between liquid oil is reduced, and the chemical stability of the active substance can be obviously improved.
Therefore, the invention develops the pig feed containing the linseed oil and the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles by a novel solid lipid nanoparticle technology, overcomes the bottleneck problems of poor water solubility of the linseed oil and the apigenin, easy oxidative deterioration of the linseed oil and the like, and improves the digestion absorption utilization rate in the linseed oil and the apigenin. Meanwhile, the pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles is prepared, so that the immunity and the growth quality of pigs in the growth process are improved, the content of unsaturated fatty acid and antioxidant in pork is increased, and the nutritional value of the pork is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles, which is used for improving the immunity and growth quality of pigs in the growth process and increasing the content of unsaturated fatty acid and antioxidant in pork so as to improve the nutritional value of the pork.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles is characterized in that: the formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-11% of linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles; 7-15% of peanut oil; 20-35% of soybean meal; 20-35% of corn flour; 20-35% of rice bran; 2-5% of vitamin; 1 to 5 percent of trace elements.
Preferably, the linseed oil and the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles consist of the following components in percentage by mass:
1-10% of linseed oil;
apigenin 0.1-0.4%
1-10% of liquid lipid;
2-15% of solid lipid;
4-30% of emulsifier;
the balance being water.
Preferably, the liquid lipid is one or more of caprylic/capric triglyceride, medium-chain triglyceride and vitamin E acetate.
Preferably, the solid lipid is one or more of glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate, acetylated monoglyceride or acetylated diglyceride.
Preferably, the emulsifier is one or more of tween, span, polyglycerin, water-based monoglyceride, sucrose fatty acid ester, soybean lecithin, hydrogenated lecithin, sodium stearoyl lactylate, calcium stearoyl lactylate, polyethylene glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol and glycerol.
The preparation method of the pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, heating, dissolving and stirring liquid lipid and solid lipid uniformly;
step two, adding linseed oil and apigenin into the molten liquid in the step one, and dissolving and stirring the mixture under a heating condition until the mixture is clear;
step three, adding an emulsifier into deionized water, heating, dissolving and stirring uniformly to form a water phase, preserving heat for later use, adding the water phase into the liquid obtained in the step two, stirring, pre-emulsifying, performing high-shear, high-pressure homogenization, micro-jet or ultrasonic treatment, and cooling to room temperature to obtain linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles;
step four, uniformly mixing the linseed oil, the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles, the peanut oil, the corn flour, the soybean meal, the rice bran, the vitamins and the trace elements in a mixer;
and step five, placing the mixture obtained in the step four in a blast drier for drying and dehydrating to obtain the pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles.
Has the advantages that: in the invention, the linseed oil and the apigenin are loaded in the solid lipid particles, and the linseed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acid necessary for a human body; the apigenin has strong oxidation resistance, can protect unsaturated fatty acid in the pig feed from being oxidized, prolongs the shelf life of the pig feed, and simultaneously has various biological activities of resisting virus, resisting bacteria, enhancing immunity and the like; the solid lipid nanoparticles can improve the absorption utilization rate of animals on linseed oil and apigenin. The invention overcomes the defect of poor water solubility of the linseed oil and the apigenin, solidifies the linseed oil, reduces the fluidity of active oxygen between liquid unsaturated oil and improves the oxidation stability of the linseed oil. Meanwhile, apigenin has strong oxidation resistance, and can further protect linseed oil from being oxidized. The solid lipid nanoparticles containing linseed oil and apigenin are added into the pig feed, so that the absorption utilization rate of the linseed oil and the apigenin in a pig body is improved. By adopting the pig feed, the content of unsaturated fatty acid and antioxidant in pork can be improved, the disease resistance of the pig in the growth process can be improved, the disease incidence of the pig can be reduced, the pork with higher content of unsaturated fatty acid can be raised, and the nutritional value of the pork can be improved; the raw material source is wide, and the feed is suitable for full-stage feeding of pigs; the preparation method is simple and easy to realize large-scale production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles.
FIG. 2 is the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the linseed oil solid lipid nanoparticle, the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticle, the linseed oil and the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticle in example 1
FIG. 3 shows the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the linseed oil solid lipid nanoparticle, the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticle, the linseed oil solid lipid nanoparticle and the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticle in example 2
FIG. 4 shows the in vitro antioxidant activities of the linseed oil solid lipid nanoparticle, the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticle, the linseed oil and the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticle in example 3
FIG. 5 shows primary oxidation product (A) and secondary oxidation product (B) of unsaturated fat stored for 15 days at 55 ℃ in pig feed containing linseed oil, linseed oil solid lipid nanoparticles, linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles of example 1
FIG. 6 shows the first oxidation product (A) and the second oxidation product (B) of unsaturated fat stored for 15 days at 55 ℃ in the pig feed of example 2 containing linseed oil, linseed oil solid lipid nanoparticles, linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles
FIG. 7 shows primary oxidation product (A) and secondary oxidation product (B) of unsaturated fat stored for 15 days at 55 ℃ in pig feed containing linseed oil, linseed oil solid lipid nanoparticles, linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles of example 3
Detailed Description
The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The implementation conditions used in the examples can be further adjusted according to the conditions of the specific manufacturer, and the implementation conditions not specified are generally the conditions in routine experiments.
Example 1: preparation of linseed oil and apigenin-containing solid lipid nanoparticle pig feed
Pig feed formula
Solid lipid nanoparticle formula
| Components | Weight (D) |
| Linseed oil | 10g |
| Apigenin | 0.4g |
| Glyceryl monostearate | 15g |
| Medium chain triglycerides | 10g |
| Tween 80 | 15g |
| Hexapolyglycerol monostearate | 13g |
| 1, 2-propanediol | 2g |
| Deionized water | 34.6g |
| A total of 100g |
The preparation method of the linseed oil and apigenin-containing solid lipid nanoparticle pig feed comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: weighing 15g of glyceryl monostearate and 10g of medium-chain triglyceride, heating in a constant-temperature water bath at 70 ℃ for dissolving, and uniformly stirring;
the second step is that: adding 10g of linseed oil and 0.4g of apigenin into the molten liquid in the first step, and heating and dissolving in a constant-temperature water bath at 70 ℃ until the mixture is clear and transparent;
the third step: 15g of Tween 80, 13g of hexaglycerol monostearate and 2g of 1, 2-propylene glycol are weighed and dissolved in 34.6g of deionized water under the condition of a water bath at 70 ℃, and the temperature is kept for standby. The aqueous phase was slowly added to the liquid in the second step with a stirring speed of 400rpm for 10 minutes. After stirring uniformly, homogenizing under 800Bar for 6 times. And after homogenizing, cooling to room temperature to obtain the linseed oil and the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles. The solid lipid nanoparticles were dispersed in deionized water, and the average particle size of the dispersion was 165.6nm as determined by a particle sizer.
And fourthly, uniformly mixing 30g of linseed oil, 30g of apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles, 150g of peanut oil, 200g of soybean meal, 350g of corn flour, 200g of rice bran, 20g of vitamin and 50g of trace elements in a mixer for 30 minutes.
And fifthly, drying the mixture obtained in the fourth step in a 50 ℃ blast drier for 1 hour to obtain the pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles.
Example 2: preparation of linseed oil and apigenin-containing solid lipid nanoparticle pig feed
Pig feed formula
| Components | Weight (D) |
| Linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles | 70g |
| Peanut oil | 70g |
| Soybean powder | 350g |
| Corn flour | 200g |
| Rice bran | 250g |
| Vitamin preparation | 50g |
| Trace elements | 10g |
| A total of 1000g |
Solid lipid nanoparticle formula
| Components | Weight (D) |
| Linseed oil | 1g |
| Apigenin | 0.1g |
| Caprylic capric acid triglyceride | 1g |
| Glycerol distearate | 2g |
| Decaglycerol monooleate | 2g |
| Aqueous monoglyceride | 1g |
| PEG400 | 1g |
| Deionized water | 91.9g |
| A total of 100g |
The preparation method of the linseed oil and apigenin-containing solid lipid nanoparticle pig feed comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: weighing 2g of glyceryl distearate and 1g of caprylic/capric triglyceride, heating in a constant-temperature water bath at 70 ℃ for dissolving, and uniformly stirring;
the second step is that: weighing 1g of linseed oil and 0.1g of apigenin, adding into the molten liquid in the first step, and heating and dissolving in a constant-temperature water bath at 70 ℃ until the mixture is clear and transparent;
the third step: 2g of decaglycerol monooleate, 1g of aqueous monoglyceride and 1g of PEG400 were weighed out and dissolved in 91.9g of deionized water in a water bath at 70 ℃ and the temperature was kept for further use. The aqueous phase was slowly added to the liquid in the second step with a stirring speed of 400rpm for 10 minutes. After stirring uniformly, homogenizing under 600Bar for 3 times. And after homogenizing, cooling to room temperature to obtain the linseed oil and the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles. The solid lipid nanoparticles were dispersed in deionized water, and the average particle size of the dispersion was 120.2nm as determined by a particle sizer.
And fourthly, uniformly mixing 70g of linseed oil, 70g of apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles, 70g of peanut oil, 350g of soybean meal, 200g of corn flour, 250g of rice bran, 50g of vitamin and 10g of trace elements in a mixer for 30 minutes.
And fifthly, drying the mixture obtained in the fourth step in a 50 ℃ blast drier for 1 hour to obtain the pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles.
Example 3: preparation of linseed oil and apigenin-containing solid lipid nanoparticle pig feed
Pig feed formula
| Components | Weight (D) |
| Linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles | 110g |
| Peanut oil | 80g |
| Soybean powder | 210g |
| Corn flour | 210g |
| Rice bran | 350g |
| Vitamin preparation | 25g |
| Trace elements | 15g |
| A total of 1000g |
Solid lipid nanoparticle formula
| Components | Weight (D) |
| Linseed oil | 5g |
| Apigenin | 0.2g |
| Vitamin E acetate | 5g |
| Acetylated diglyceride | 8g |
| Soybean lecithin | 5g |
| Decaglycerol monolaurate | 13g |
| 1, 2-propanediol | 2g |
| Deionized water | 61.8g |
| A total of 100g |
The preparation method of the linseed oil and apigenin-containing solid lipid nanoparticle pig feed comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: weighing 8g of acetylated diglyceride and 5g of vitamin E acetate, heating and dissolving in a constant-temperature water bath at 70 ℃, and uniformly stirring;
the second step is that: weighing 5g of linseed oil and 0.2g of apigenin, adding the linseed oil and the apigenin into the molten liquid in the first step, and heating and dissolving the linseed oil and the apigenin in a constant-temperature water bath at 70 ℃ until the linseed oil and the apigenin are clear and transparent;
the third step: 5g of soybean lecithin, 13g of decaglycerol monolaurate and 2g of 1, 2-propylene glycol are weighed and dissolved in 61.8g of deionized water in a water bath at 70 ℃, and the temperature is kept for standby. The aqueous phase was slowly added to the liquid in the second step with a stirring speed of 400rpm for 10 minutes. After stirring uniformly, the microfluidization pressure was 10000psi, the cycle number was 3 times, and homogenization was performed. And after homogenizing, cooling to room temperature to obtain the linseed oil and the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles. The solid lipid nanoparticles were dispersed in deionized water, and the average particle size of the dispersion was measured to be 136.0nm by a particle sizer.
Fourthly, uniformly mixing 110g of linseed oil, 80g of apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles, 210g of peanut oil, 210g of soybean meal, 210g of corn flour, 350g of rice bran, 25g of vitamin and 15g of trace elements in a mixer for 30 minutes.
And fifthly, drying the mixture obtained in the fourth step in a 50 ℃ blast drier for 1 hour to obtain the pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles.
Examples 1-3 the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) radical scavenging ability of the solid lipid nanoparticles is shown in fig. 2, 3, and 4. As can be seen from the figure, the free radical scavenging ability of the linseed oil solid lipid nanoparticle is poor, and the linseed oil has almost no free radical scavenging ability; the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticle has better free radical scavenging capacity, which is attributed to the hydroxyl in the apigenin structure. The free radical scavenging capacity of the solid lipid nanoparticles prepared by compounding the linseed oil and the apigenin is stronger than the simple addition of the linseed oil and the apigenin, so the linseed oil and the apigenin show a synergistic interaction effect in the aspect of free radical scavenging, probably because the linseed oil contains a very small amount of polyphenol, the apigenin also belongs to a polyphenol compound, the antioxidant capacity of the polyphenol compound can be addition, synergy or reduction, which depends on the interaction between the polyphenol compound, and the interaction occurs between the very small amount of polyphenol in the linseed oil and the apigenin in the patent, so the synergistic interaction is shown in the aspect of antioxidant capacity.
Examples 1-3 the results of the accelerated oxidative stability test of the pig feed are shown in figures 5, 6, and 7. PV and TBARS are respectively a primary oxidation product and a secondary oxidation product after the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acid. As can be seen from the figure, the flaxseed oil-containing pig feed has poor oxidative stability, and stronger oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids occurs during storage; compared with linseed oil, the oxidation stability of the linseed oil solid lipid nanoparticle-containing pig feed is obviously improved, but the oxidation phenomenon of unsaturated fatty acid also exists; the pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles is good in oxidation stability, and the change fluctuation of an oxidation product is small in the storage process. The results show that the pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles reduces the fluidity of the linseed oil in the solid lipid nanoparticles and the chance of contact with active oxygen due to the constraint effect of solid lipid, and meanwhile, due to the existence of apigenin, the prepared pig feed has good oxidation stability of the linseed oil, and the solid lipid and the apigenin have good protection effect on the linseed oil.
Claims (6)
1. A pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles is characterized in that: the formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-11% of linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles; 7-15% of peanut oil; 20-35% of soybean meal; 20-35% of corn flour; 20-35% of rice bran; 2-5% of vitamin; 1 to 5 percent of trace elements.
2. The flaxseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles-containing pig feed according to claim 1, wherein: the linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
1-10% of linseed oil;
0.1-0.4% of apigenin;
1-10% of liquid lipid;
2-15% of solid lipid;
4-30% of emulsifier;
the balance being water.
3. The flaxseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticle-containing pig feed according to claim 2, wherein the liquid lipid is one or more of caprylic/capric triglyceride, medium-chain triglyceride, and vitamin E acetate.
4. The pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the solid lipid is one or more of glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate, acetylated monoglyceride or acetylated diglyceride.
5. The pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles according to claim 2, wherein the emulsifier is one or more of tweens, spans, polyglycerins, aqueous monoglycerides, sucrose fatty acid esters, soybean lecithins, hydrogenated lecithins, sodium stearoyl lactylate, calcium stearoyl lactylate, polyethylene glycols, 1, 2-propylene glycol, and glycerin.
6. A preparation method of the flaxseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles-containing pig feed as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, heating, dissolving and stirring liquid lipid and solid lipid uniformly;
step two, adding linseed oil and apigenin into the molten liquid in the step one, and dissolving and stirring the mixture under a heating condition until the mixture is clear;
step three, adding an emulsifier into deionized water, heating, dissolving and stirring uniformly to form a water phase, preserving heat for later use, adding the water phase into the liquid obtained in the step two, stirring, pre-emulsifying, performing high-shear, high-pressure homogenization, micro-jet or ultrasonic treatment, and cooling to room temperature to obtain linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles;
step four, uniformly mixing the linseed oil, the apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles, the peanut oil, the corn flour, the soybean meal, the rice bran, the vitamins and the trace elements in a mixer;
and step five, placing the mixture obtained in the step four in a blast drier for drying and dehydrating to obtain the pig feed containing linseed oil and apigenin solid lipid nanoparticles.
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| CN104336386A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-02-11 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Feed capable of improving fatty acid composition of pig and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104336386A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-02-11 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Feed capable of improving fatty acid composition of pig and preparation method thereof |
| CN105746730A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-07-13 | 李宏 | Nano-emulsion containing vitamin D and linseed oil as well as preparation method and application of nano-emulsion |
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