CN110621818B

CN110621818B - Carding machine

Info

Publication number: CN110621818B
Application number: CN201880031324.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阿尔明·莱德; 杰拉德·普菲尔德蒙尔斯
Original assignee: Trutschler Group Europe
Current assignee: Trutschler Group Europe
Priority date: 2017-08-09
Filing date: 2018-07-04
Publication date: 2022-09-27
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-04
Also published as: DE102017118111A1; WO2019029914A1; EP3665318B1; EP3665318A1; CN110621818A

Abstract

The invention relates to a carding machine having a feed side for a fibre strand which is fed in by means of rolling of a rotating cylinder (4) and which is split into individual fibres, aligned and cleaned between a stationary carding element and a surrounding cover strip (14) and cylinder (4), and the fibre web (19) produced thereby is transferred from the cylinder (4) to a doffer (5), downstream of which at least one stripping means is arranged for further processing or storage of the fibre web (19). The invention is characterized in that the stripping means is designed as at least one conveyor belt (20, 21) which conveys the fibrous web (19) directly away from the doffer (5), wherein the transfer of the fibrous web (19) from the doffer (5) onto the at least one conveyor belt (20, 21) is assisted by suction.

Description

Carding machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a carding machine having a feed side for a fibre strand which is fed in by means of rolling by a rotating cylinder and is broken down into individual fibres, aligned and cleaned between a stationary carding element and a revolving cover plate strip and cylinder, and the fibre web produced is transferred from the cylinder to a doffer, downstream of which at least one stripping mechanism is arranged for further processing or depositing the fibre web.

Background

A prior art carding machine is described in DE10023011a 1.

Different stripping devices for a fibrous web are known in carding machines, in which the fibrous web is first passed from a cylinder to a doffer and then from the doffer further to stripping rollers and press rolls, compressed into a sliver by means of a cross-sliver separator and then deposited in a can.

These all have the disadvantage that the web is undesirably stretched and the drawing-off speed is limited due to the repeatedly successive transfer positions.

In US 3787930, a web is pulled from a doffer by two continuously circulating conveyor belts, wherein the conveyor belts are sucked. Web guiding elements are provided between the lower conveyor belt and the doffer so that only the upper conveyor belt has linear contact with the doffer.

JPH09310232 is not advantageous over the prior art because here the web is removed from the doffer by means of stripping rollers and compression rollers, and a cross conveyor then compresses the web into a sliver. Where the stretching that occurs between the rolls is undesirable.

In US 4274178 it is disclosed to use a suction roll which receives the web from a stripping roll arranged downstream of the doffer.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is based on the object of providing a further development of the carding machine on the output side for improved removal of the fibrous web.

The carding machine comprises a feed side for a fibre strand which is fed in by means of rolling of a rotating cylinder, wherein the fibre strand is released into individual fibres, aligned and cleaned between a stationary carding element and a surrounding cover strip and cylinder, and the fibre web produced thereby is transferred from the cylinder to a doffer, downstream of which at least one stripping means is arranged for further processing or storage of the fibre web.

The invention is characterized in that the stripping means is designed as at least one conveyor belt which directly removes the fibrous web from the doffer, wherein the transfer of the fibrous web from the doffer onto the at least one conveyor belt is assisted by suction.

The invention is based on the following recognition: by directly removing the web from the doffer by at least one conveyor belt, the web is stretched at least once less than in the prior art, and the fiber bundles are twisted at least once less than in the prior art. By reducing the number of hand-over positions, the strip-out speed can be increased to 600 m/min. The elimination of the stripping rollers and the press rollers shortens the installation space of the carding machine and makes the carding machine less susceptible to disturbances, since fibrous material frequently accumulates in the region of the stripping rollers and the press rollers, which leads to production faults. The transfer of the fibrous web from the doffer to the conveyor belt with suction-assisted support ensures an almost complete transfer of all the fibers. Suction may be generated by applying a negative pressure or by an air flow, the force causing the air flow assisting in the removal of the web from the doffer or in the retention of the web or the resulting fiber strip on the conveyor belt.

The at least one conveyor belt is here arranged to be drivable transversely to the direction of rotation of the doffer. The web can thus be drawn off laterally or transversely to the working direction of the carding machine, or alternatively in the working direction of the carding machine, using two belts running in opposite directions to one another. This is particularly associated with shortening the structural space of the carding machine.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one conveyor belt has perforations. The suction therefore acts directly on the fibre web, so that the fibre web is held flat on the conveyor belt. The suction assistance supports the transfer of the web because the web must be partially extracted or removed from the curved teeth of the doffer when transferring the web from the doffer onto the conveyor belt.

It is particularly advantageous if at least one of the conveyor belts is designed as a continuous, circulating conveyor belt, the tensioned side of which is spaced from the doffer by 0.5mm to 5mm, preferably 0.5mm to 2mm, at the narrowest point, extends at least over the entire working width of the doffer and compresses the fibrous web into a sliver. It is emphasized that, by means of the small distance between the conveyor belt and the doffer, the adhesion of the conveyor belt is well applied to the fibrous web, while, on the other hand, suction also works particularly efficiently.

Preferably, at least one suction device for generating suction is arranged in the interior of the at least one conveyor belt. In this case, at least one suction opening of the suction device is aligned with the tensioning edge. Active suction inside the belt, aligned with the tension edge, enhances the air flow that transfers the web from the doffer onto the belt.

In this case, a negative pressure is preferably generated, which lies between 0.05bar and 0.3 bar. The suction device can thus be coupled to the air guide system of the carding machine, so that its own fan can be dispensed with.

In a first embodiment, the conveyor belt extends at least over the entire working width of the doffer, so that the web is guided out of the side of the doffer. This results in a very short design for the carding machine, since all other elements for receiving the sliver can also be arranged laterally.

In a second embodiment, the web is guided off the doffer centrally in the working direction by means of two conveyor belts. Thus, the current machine configuration with integrated drafting device and subsequent sliver storage can be retained without the advantage of a shortened construction length being eliminated.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one wind deflector roller is arranged in contact with the doffer in the region of the at least one conveyor belt, said wind deflector roller rotating in the opposite direction with respect to the doffer. Thus, not only is the doffer cleaned, but an additional air flow is generated in the direction of the conveyor belt, with which the web is removed from the doffer.

Here, the wind-shield roller is arranged behind the conveyor belt in the direction of rotation of the doffer, so that the web has already come into contact with the conveyor belt and the simple separation of the air flow generated by the wind-shield roller simplifies the transfer.

The use of fluid guide elements and hydrodynamic boxes creates or enhances suction with which the web is removed from the doffer's clothing. The fluid guide element and the hydrodynamic chamber form a stripping gap, through which the fibrous web is conveyed from the doffer to the conveyor belt. The suction can be intensified at the hydrodynamic chamber or at the fluid guide element at least for the start-up of the carding machine by a combination of the overpressure generated and the underpressure generated.

It is advantageous here if the fluid guide element and the pressure-activated tank are arranged between the doffer and the conveyor belt. However, the fluid guide elements and the hydrodynamic pressure boxes can also be arranged above and below the preferably curved conveyor belt and the surface of the conveyor belt expands upwards or downwards over the entire working width.

According to the invention, the direct transfer of the web from the doffer to the conveyor belt eliminates the arrangement of rollers (whether driven or not) interposed therebetween. Within the scope of the invention, there are means for diverting and enhancing the air flow between the doffer and the conveyor belt.

Drawings

Further measures which improve the invention are shown below together with the description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawing.

In the figure:

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a carding machine according to the prior art

Fig. 2 shows a device according to the invention for leading a web out of a doffer in a side sectional view;

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a carding machine according to the prior art, with a feed roller 1, a feed plate 2, licker-in

rollers

3a, 3b, 3c, a cylinder 4, a doffer 5, a stripping roller 6, press rollers 7, 8, a cross-bar separator 9, a web funnel 10, take-off rollers 11 (not shown) and 12, and a revolving flat 13 with slowly circulating flat bars 14. The direction of rotation of the rolls of the carding machine is indicated by curved arrows. The direction of rotation of the cylinder is indicated by arrow 4 b. At the output of the carding machine, there is a can coiler 16 and a can 15 for the coiling. The working direction (direction of flow of the fibrous material) is indicated with a.

The crossbar separator 9 is placed after the press rolls 7 and 8 in the working direction a. The fibre assembly is fed to the carding machine by the feed rollers 1 and the individual fibres are cleaned and aligned between the cylinder 4 and the revolving flat 13. The formed web is removed from the cylinder 4 by the doffer 5 and conveyed further by stripping and pressing

rollers

6, 7, 8. The cylinder 4, the doffer 5 and the

downstream rollers

6, 7, 8 all have the width of the cylinder 4, which may be between 1m and 1.5 m. The web exiting the nip of the press rolls 7, 8 therefore also has a width of 1m to 1.5 m. This thin, wide web then passes to a cross-bar separator 9, which compresses the web 19 into a sliver 17 and feeds the downstream web funnel 10.

According to fig. 2 and 3, the device according to the invention for removing the fibrous web 19 from the doffer 5 has in a first embodiment a single continuous conveyor belt 20 with perforations. The conveyor belt 20 extends in this embodiment at least over the entire working width of the doffer 5. The conveyor belt 20 is tensioned, guided and driven by two guide rollers 20.1, 20.2, at least one of the guide rollers 20.1 or 20.2 having a drive. The flat outer side of the conveyor belt 20, which is designed as a tension edge, is arranged very closely next to the clothing of the doffer 5 at a slight spacing of approximately 0.5mm to 5mm, preferably at a spacing of 0.5mm to 2mm, and is located here approximately in the middle of the height of the central axis of the doffer 5. The section of the belt 20 that moves, which is directed away from the doffer, is referred to herein as the slack side. Preferably, the conveyor belt 20 is also arranged a little below the central axis of the doffer 5.

The doffer 5 carries the web 19 counterclockwise and transports the web 19 to the conveyor 20. The teeth of the clothing of the doffer 5 are inclined in the clockwise direction and are free from the fibre web 19 during the transfer of the fibre bundle 19 from the doffer 5 onto the conveyor belt 20. Since the direction of movement of the conveyor belt 20 is transverse to the direction of rotation of the doffer 5 (which in this embodiment is directed counter-clockwise), the conveyor belt 20 is able to guide the web 19 away from the doffer 5. The fibre web 19 is compressed here to fibre slivers 17 and fed to the next process by a conveyor belt 20 and, for example, by two sliver-discharging

rollers

11, 12. In order to hold the fibrous web 19 on the conveyor belt 20, the conveyor belt 20 is sucked from the inside by air by means of a suction device 30. The suction device 30 can likewise extend in one piece along the working width of the doffer 5 or be constructed in multiple pieces. The suction openings 30a are directed towards the tensioned side of the doffer 5 and the conveyor belt 20, so that a continuous air flow 33 is formed by the perforated conveyor belt 20 in the upper and lower part of the doffer 5, which air flow holds the web 19 on the conveyor belt 20. In the lower part of the extractor 30, a gas flow 33 is discharged as exhaust gas 34 by means of an exhaust gas guide 31, which is generated by the negative pressure of a not shown ventilator, which can be connected to the suction system of the carding machine. The suction unit 30 preferably has a suction opening 30a only on one side so that air is not sucked through the slack side of the conveyor belt 20. The negative pressure generated is in the range of 0.05bar to 0.3bar, which corresponds to an absolute pressure of 0.95bar to 0.7 bar. The conveyor belt 20 and the suction device 30 can be coordinated with one another such that the conveyor belt 20 rests on the suction device in the region of the suction opening 30a and is guided in a sliding manner. This ensures a constant small distance of the tension side from the doffer 5, so that the tension side is guided flat without rattling. A wind-deflecting roller 32 may be arranged on the upper part of the conveyor belt 20, which wind-deflecting roller also rotates in a counter-clockwise direction and thus in the opposite direction to the doffer 5 at the contact position. The wind-deflecting roller 32 likewise extends over the entire working width of the doffer 5. Due to the direction of rotation of the wind-shield roll 32, the secondary support separates the web 19 from the doffer 5 and at the same time enhances the air flow 33 at the upper side of the conveyor belt 20. The wind-break roller 32 is engaged in contact with the doffer 5 and is always arranged on the side of the conveyor belt 20 from which the web 19 has been removed. That is to say, according to the embodiment of fig. 3, after the conveyor belt 20 in the direction of rotation of the doffer 5, because the web 19 has been removed from the doffer 5 by the conveyor belt 20.

Alternatively to the exemplary embodiment of fig. 2 and 3, it is also possible to operate with a targeted overpressure, whereby suction acts on the tension side of the conveyor belt 20. Here, too, the air flow is guided through the perforated conveyor belt 20 and discharged between the tight and loose edges, for example by means of the suction 30. In this embodiment in particular, the air flow generated and directed by the wind-break roller 32 is important for acting on the fibre web 19 against the direction of rotation of the doffer 5.

In the embodiment of fig. 4, two

conveyor belts

20, 21 are arranged directly after the doffer 5, which pull the web 19 as a fiber sliver 17 approximately in the middle of the doffer 5 through the sliver exit gap 18. The

belts

20, 21 with their guide rolls 20.1, 20.2, 21.1, 21.2 rotate opposite to each other, so that the fibrous web 19 is drawn from the side of the doffer 5 to the middle and is compressed there as a sliver 17 in the sliver outlet 18. Each

conveyor belt

20, 21 is assigned a separate suction device 30, which sucks the

perforated conveyor belt

20, 21. Subsequently, the stripping

rollers

11, 12, not shown, or other stripping devices, such as bells, can also be arranged here, with which the fiber sliver 17 is compressed and transported to a can storage, not shown.

A further development of the transfer of the fibrous web 19 onto the conveyor belt 20 can be achieved in that at least a small part of the upper part of the conveyor belt 20 is concavely configured and at least partially matched to the curved surface of the doffer 5. The fibre web 19 will then enter the narrowing gap between the doffer 5 and the conveyor belt 20 and then be transferred laterally from the doffer 5 to the conveyor belt 20 through a more or less constant gap. This arrangement makes it possible, on the one hand, to optimize the pressure distribution of the air flow and, on the other hand, to reduce the energy consumption of the suction, since less excess air is sucked in.

In a further embodiment according to fig. 5, the flow guide element 36 is combined with a dynamic pressure tank 37 to ensure a narrowed gap to the doffer 5, in which gap the sucked-in air flow 33 is accumulated. The fluid guide elements 36 and the hydrodynamic pressure boxes 37 extend over the entire working width of the doffer 5 and form stripping gaps 38, through which the fibrous web 19 is fed onto the conveyor belt 20. The surge tank 37 is responsible for the accumulation of the air flow which is sucked in by the rotating doffer 5 and the transported fibrous web. The pneumatic tank 37 has an opening on the side facing the doffer 5, through which pressurized gas is compressed. Thereby, an air flow is generated, which is responsible for separating the fibre web 19 from the card clothing. The generation of pressurized gas can be applied at the start-up of the carding machine when the first fibre web 19 is on the doffer. Here, when the web 19 passes through the sliver gap 38 and is carried by the conveyor belt 20, a gas flow is directed to the sliver gap 38 and the pressure gas in the dynamic pressure box 37 is closed. The inclination of the stripping gap 38 substantially corresponds to the inclination of the card clothing applied on the doffer 5 in order to separate the fibre web 19 from the card clothing by means of the air flow. Here, the stripping gap 38 is rounded in the horizontal direction from above.

The lower flow guide element 36 together with the doffer 5 forms a narrowing gap in which the sucked-in air flow accumulates at the dynamic pressure box 37 and is discharged via the stripping gap 38. Suction is generated in the region of the stripping gap 38, which separates the fibrous web 19 from the clothing of the doffer 5 and transports it onto the conveyor belt 20. In order to increase the suction, the fluid-guiding element 36 is constantly or temporarily loaded with underpressure, in particular when the carding machine is switched on. The negative pressure generated lies in the range 0.05bar to 0.3bar (this corresponds to an absolute pressure of 0.95bar to 0.7 bar) and can be obtained from the pressure gas system or suction system of the carding machine. The side of the flow guide element 36 facing the surface of the doffer is likewise provided with openings or perforations through which the air flow is conducted away.

In this embodiment, the fluid guide element 36 and the hydrodynamic pressure box 37 are represented as solid components for illustration purposes. However, they can be constructed as hollow profiles of very thin thickness, which only require a few millimeters of positioning between the doffer 5 and the conveyor belt 20.

According to the exemplary embodiment of fig. 3 and 4, the conveyor belt 20 can be constructed in one piece or in two pieces. Suction may be applied, but is not required. It is important that the directed air stream keeps the web 19 on the conveyor belt 20. For this, the conveyor belt 20 may have perforations and a suction opening 30a for guiding the exhaust gas and supporting the conveyor belt 20 inside the conveyor belt 20.

The invention has the advantage that mechanical and easily disturbed components, such as stripping rollers and press rolls, can be dispensed with and the carding machine can thus be made shorter. However, the main aspect is that with the present invention it is possible to draw sliver less often than in the prior art. Thus enabling higher quality carding slivers to be produced. Another advantage is the higher stripping speed, which can reach 600m/min with the conveyor belt 20.

List of reference numerals

1 feeding roller

2 feeding plate

3a, 3b, 3c licker-in

4 Cylinder

4b direction of rotation of cylinder

5 doffer

6 stripping roller

7 Press roll

8 press roll

9 horizontal separator

10 fiber mesh bell mouth

11 strip-discharging roller

12 strip-discharging roller

13 revolving cover plate

14 cover strip

15 can

16 can coiler

17 fiber strip

18 gap between the strips

19 fiber web

20 conveyor belt

20.1, 20.2 guide roll

21 conveyor belt

21.1, 21.2 guide roll

30 suction device

30a suction port

31 exhaust guide device

32 wind shielding roller

33 gas flow

34 exhaust gas

35 strip-discharging roller

36 fluid guide element

37 dynamic pressure box

38 strip outlet gap

A working direction

Claims

1. A carding machine with a feed side for a fibre fleece which is fed in by means of rolling of a rotating cylinder (4) and which is unwound into individual fibres, aligned and cleaned between a stationary carding element and a revolving cover strip (14) and the cylinder (4), and the fibre web (19) produced there is transferred from the cylinder (4) onto a doffer (5), downstream of which at least one stripping means is arranged for further processing or depositing the fibre web (19), wherein the stripping means is designed as at least one conveyor belt (20, 21) which leads the fibre web (19) directly from the doffer (5), wherein the transfer of the fibre web (19) from the doffer (5) onto the at least one conveyor belt (20, 21) is assisted by suction, characterized in that the at least one conveyor belt (20, 21), 21) Is arranged to be drivable transversely to the direction of rotation of the doffer (5) and at least one part of the conveyor belt (20) is adapted to the curved surface of the doffer (5), at least one wind-shield roller (32) being arranged in contact alongside the doffer (5) in the region of the at least one conveyor belt (20, 21), the wind-shield roller (32) rotating in the opposite direction with respect to the doffer (5).

2. Carding machine according to claim 1, characterised in that said at least one conveyor belt (20, 21) has perforations.

3. A carding machine as in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the at least one conveyor belt (20, 21) is configured as a continuous, revolving conveyor belt (20), the tensioned edges of which extend over at least the entire working width of the doffer (5) at a pitch of 0.5mm to 5mm and compress the fibrous web (19) into a sliver (17).

4. A carding machine as in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the at least one conveyor belt (20, 21) is configured as a continuous, revolving conveyor belt (20) whose tensioned edges extend at a pitch of 0.5 to 2mm over at least the entire working width of the doffer (5) and compress the fibre web (19) into fibre slivers (17).

5. Carding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that inside said at least one conveyor belt (20, 21) there is arranged at least one suction (30), at least one suction mouth (30a) of which is aligned with the tensioned edge.

6. Carding machine according to claim 5, characterised in that a negative pressure is generated by means of said at least one aspirator (30).

7. Carding machine according to claim 6, characterised in that the negative pressure generated lies between 0.05bar and 0.3 bar.

8. A carding machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the conveyor belt (20) extends at least over the entire working width of the doffer (5) and guides the fibrous web (19) from the side of the doffer (5).

9. A carding machine as in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that two conveyor belts (20, 21) lead the web (19) centrally from the doffer (5).

10. Carding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that further sliver-discharging devices are arranged downstream of said at least one conveyor belt (20, 21).

11. A carding machine as in claim 10, characterised in that said other draw-off means are draw-off rollers (11, 12) or bells.

12. A carding machine as in claim 1, characterised in that said at least one wind-break roller (32) is arranged behind the conveyor belts (20, 21) in the direction of rotation of the doffer (5).

13. A carding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said at least one wind-break roller (32) extends over the entire working width of the doffer (5).

14. Carding machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the suction is generated or enhanced by a fluid guide element (36) and a dynamic pressure box (37), wherein the fluid guide element (36) and the dynamic pressure box (37) form a sliver exit gap (38) through which the fibrous web (19) is transported from the doffer (5) to the conveyor belt (20).