CN110616370A - Production method of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel with excellent iron loss performance under low field - Google Patents
Production method of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel with excellent iron loss performance under low field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A production method of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel with excellent iron loss performance under low field comprises the following steps: continuously casting into a plate blank after smelting; heating a casting blank; hot rolling; coiling; normalizing; acid washing; cold rolling; annealing; cooling; the iron loss of the steel plate is judged by adopting a formulaAnd (4) judging the calculation result: when eta is not less than 0.60, P of the produced steel sheet is indicated1.0/50The overall transverse iron loss is within the required range of less than 1.15, and is excellent; when the eta value is less than 0.60, the iron loss is not in accordance with the requirements of the invention. According to the invention, through process adjustment and control, the hysteresis loss performance of the low-field cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel with the magnetic induction of 1.0T, the frequency of 50Hz and the direction of the full transverse direction is reduced to be not higher than 1.15W/kg, and the requirements of higher-end users are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production method of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel, which exactly belongs to a production method of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel with excellent iron loss performance under low field, is suitable for high-grade non-oriented silicon steel, and is also suitable for the production of high-grade cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel with magnetic induction of 1.5T and frequency of 50 Hz.
Background
Along with the development of the technology, the types and the applications of the motor are increasingly diversified and individualized, and higher requirements are put forward on non-oriented silicon steel products used as iron core materials for manufacturing the motor, such as iron cores of large hydroelectric wheel generators, the high requirements on the magnetic performance of silicon steel sheets under low field, particularly the iron loss P1.0/50The transverse value is the iron loss value when the magnetic field intensity is 1.0T and the frequency is 50 Hz. Because the generator is large in size and complex to manufacture, the vibration and the heating degree of the motor in the using process are directly influenced by the performance, and further the efficiency and the service life of the motor are influenced, and therefore the index is expected to be as low as possible in the actual using process. Depending on the grade of non-oriented silicon steel used, it is desirable to satisfy P1.0/50The transverse direction is less than or equal to 1.05-1.15W/kg, but the product proportion which can meet the performance in the actual production process is less, and the fluctuation is larger.
For non-oriented silicon steel products, the iron loss is an important index for measuring the performance of the non-oriented silicon steel products, and the level of the iron loss directly determines the grade of the products, thereby influencing the application of the products. According to the classical theory, the iron loss PTBy hysteresis loss PhEddy current loss PeAnd abnormal loss PaAnd (4) forming. When working at 50Hz, the iron loss is mainly PhAnd PeAbnormal loss PaThe occupation ratio is small and can be ignored. For the motor, when the working frequency is working at the frequency, the ratio of the hysteresis loss Ph reaches 60% -70% or even higher, so that the iron loss value at the frequency is actually reducedThe Ph is lowered. Factors influencing hysteresis loss are mainly related to factors such as crystal texture, impurities, inclusions, internal stress, grain size and the like. When the steel-making process is high in purity and less in impurities, the content of main elements and proper grain size become main factors influencing hysteresis loss. The invention achieves the purpose of reducing the iron loss under low field through the contents of main elements in the components and the matched process.
Through the search, there are related or close patents and documents as follows.
Patent document "a low-iron-loss cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel and a production method" (publication number CN 105256226A) provides a production method of the low-iron-loss cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel, which comprises the following components: 3.0-3.7%, Als is less than or equal to 0.15%, C is less than or equal to 0.004%, Mn: 0.15-0.80%, P is less than or equal to 0.02%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, and N is less than or equal to 0.002%. The production steps are as follows: steel making and casting blanks; heating the casting blank, controlling the heating temperature to 1050-1150 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60-120 min; controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 800-900 ℃; normalizing, controlling the temperature to be 900-1150 ℃ and controlling the time to be 20-150 s; performing conventional acid pickling and cold rolling to 0.35 mm; annealing the finished product twice, wherein the first annealing temperature is 900-1050 ℃, the time is 20-120 s, and the atmosphere is H2And N2The mixed gas and the dry gas are adopted, and the steel plate is not coated after annealing; the second annealing process is 850-1000 ℃, the heat preservation time is 20-120 s, and the atmosphere is H2And N2The mixed gas of (1), dry gas; and finally, cooling, coating and finishing according to a conventional process for standby. The annealing process of the finished product in the patent of the invention adopts a twice annealing method for production, the problems of oxidation, uneven bottom color of a steel plate and the like are easily caused on the surface of a steel strip in actual production, and the oxidation can cause the increase of an internal oxidation layer to further deteriorate iron loss; and the uneven bottom color of the steel plate directly causes the surface quality problem of the steel plate. Meanwhile, the patent adopts a twice annealing method, so that the production cost is increased, and the popularization is difficult in actual production.
Patent document "a high-grade non-oriented silicon steel and a manufacturing method thereof" (publication No. CN 101333620A) provides a high-grade non-oriented electrical steel having excellent magnetic properties and a manufacturing method thereof. The composition is Si: 2.5-3.5%, Al: 0.5-1.5% and C is less than or equal to 0.004%, Mn: 0.10 to 1.5 percent of the total weight of the steel, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of B, and/(C + N) =0.5 to 2.0, and the manufacturing method mainly comprises the steps of heating a casting blank in a heating furnace to over 1100 ℃, rolling after heat preservation, wherein the normalizing temperature is 920 to 980 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10 to 90S; the annealing temperature is 900-950 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10-28S, and the atmosphere is 40% -70% H2+60%～30%N2D.P. = -25-40 ℃. The iron loss of the 0.50mm finished product produced by the components and the process is P1.5/502.38-2.81W/kg, magnetic induction B50Is 1.67T or more. The iron loss performance in the patent does not reach the excellent level of the invention, and the focus is on the P1.5/50 performance, and no mention is made of P1.0/50A full-transverse index control method.
In the patent "a method for manufacturing a cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheet with low iron loss" (publication No. CN 1709642A), a method for manufacturing a cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheet with low iron loss is provided. The chemical components are as follows: si + Al is less than or equal to 4.2%, C is less than or equal to 0.005%, Mn: 0.2-0.35 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of O, and the balance of Fe and impurity elements. The production process comprises the following steps that the heating temperature of a hot rolling process is 1130-1180 ℃, the finishing temperature is 830-870 ℃, the coiling temperature is 580-620 ℃, a one-time cold rolling method is adopted after hot rolling, the total rolling reduction rate is 72-85%, an asynchronous rolling mode is adopted in the last time of a cold rolling procedure, and the circumferential speed ratio of an upper working roll to a lower working roll is 1: 1.05-1: 1.30, and the cold rolling direction is consistent with the hot rolling direction all the time. The production method provided in the document adopts asynchronous rolling in cold rolling, the process is less applied to the current industrial production, and in the embodiment of the document, the iron loss P of a 0.50mm finished product1.5/502.79 to 2.95W/kg, B501.70T, the magnetic property does not reach the level of the present invention.
As described above, in the present invention, the hysteresis loss in the iron loss constitution plays a decisive role in the low-field iron loss index P1.0/50, and directly affects the value of the iron loss. The factors influencing the hysteresis loss are mainly related to crystal texture, impurities, inclusions, internal stress, grain size and other factors, and the invention mainly controls the two aspects of main component content and grain size to reduce the iron loss value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel product with excellent magnetic property under low field by controlling the content of main elements in components and adjusting the process, wherein the specific property is iron loss P1.0/50The transverse direction is less than or equal to 1.15W/kg, and the high product percent of pass is ensured in the production.
The measures for realizing the aim are as follows:
a production method of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel with excellent iron loss performance under low field comprises the following steps:
1) continuously casting the steel into a plate blank after conventional smelting, and controlling the content of elements in the steel to reach the required range;
2) heating the casting blank, controlling the heating temperature to be 1080-1150 ℃, and preserving heat for 60-120 min at the temperature;
3) carrying out hot rolling, and controlling the final rolling temperature to be 800-900 ℃;
4) coiling, wherein the coiling temperature is controlled to be not lower than 600 ℃;
5) normalizing, controlling the normalizing temperature to be 925-960 ℃, and controlling the normalizing time to be 50-180 s;
6) carrying out conventional acid washing;
7) performing cold rolling, namely rolling the steel strip to the thickness of a finished product, and controlling the reduction rate to be 72-80%;
8) annealing, wherein the annealing temperature is controlled to be 1015-1055 ℃, and the annealing time is controlled to be 30-120 s; h in which the annealing atmosphere is dry2And N2Mixed gases or pure N2(ii) a When using H2And N2In the case of a mixture of gases, wherein H210 percent of ~ 30 percent in volume proportion, and the balance of N2；
9) Cooling, coating and finishing according to a conventional process;
10) to the iron loss of the steel plate
And (3) judging the iron loss of the steel plate by adopting the following formula:
in the formula:
Wsiis the Si percentage content value in the components;
WAlsis the Als percentage content value in the components;
DCPaverage grain size after steel strip normalization, unit: mu m;
DFAis the average grain size after the annealing of the finished steel strip, unit: mu m;
when eta is not less than 0.60, P of the produced steel sheet is indicated1.0/50The transverse iron loss is less than 1.15W/kg required by the invention; when the eta value is less than 0.60, the P of the produced steel sheet is indicated1.0/50The lateral core loss is beyond the scope of the claimed invention.
It is characterized in that: the steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.0 to 3.50 percent of Si, 0.80 to 2.0 percent of Als, 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.0040 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.0015 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.0020 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0020 percent of Ti, Nb and V respectively, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable residual elements.
Preferably: the normalizing temperature is 925-940 ℃.
Preferably: the annealing temperature is 1015-1040 ℃.
The invention controls the normalizing temperature to be 925-960 ℃, preferably 925-940 ℃, because the temperature is 925-960 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 50-180 seconds, the hot rolled plate completes recrystallization and the crystal grains are uniform; meanwhile, the texture (100) and texture (110) components are increased, and the magnetism of the product is improved. For the invention, when the normalizing temperature is lower than 925 ℃, the crystal grains are not easy to grow up due to lower temperature, thus deteriorating the performance of the final product; when the temperature is higher than 960 ℃, because the contents of main elements such as Si, Als and the like are higher, the grain size is larger, the brittleness of a steel strip matrix is increased, the elongation is extremely low, the steel strip is easy to generate crystal fracture during cold rolling, great difficulty is brought to production, and the cost is increased rapidly due to the increase of waste products.
The annealing temperature is controlled to be 1015-1055 ℃, preferably 1015-1040 ℃ because the product is of high gradeIf the temperature of the non-oriented silicon steel product is lower than 1015 ℃, the grain growth driving force is insufficient, the grain size is smaller, the hysteresis loss in the iron loss is increased, the total iron loss is deteriorated, and further P is caused1.0/50The transverse direction is higher, and the requirement range of the invention cannot be reached; if the temperature is higher than 1055 ℃, the crystal grains of the finished product are too large, the brittleness of the steel plate is increased, the risk of belt breakage is easily caused in the production process, and meanwhile, the requirement on the equipment capacity is high due to high temperature, the surface quality problems such as surface nodulation, oxidation and the like of the steel plate are easily caused, the performance of the finished product is deteriorated, and the risk of shortening the service cycle of the equipment is also caused. The annealing time is changed along with the adjustment of the temperature, the time is controlled to be 30 seconds-2 minutes, the time is too short, and the grain size in the finished product structure is small and uneven; the crystal grain size is too large for a long time, which deteriorates the magnetic properties and causes many problems of the surface and the equipment.
The invention adopts the formulaThe low-field performance discrimination factor eta is discriminated by a discrimination method obtained by carrying out long-term production practice observation and carrying out a large number of tests and summarizing experimental results. The factor formula relates to the contents of main elements Si and Als and the grain sizes of a normalizing process and a finished product annealing process, and the factors have great influence on the iron loss of the high-grade non-oriented silicon steel concerned by the invention. This is because the elements Si and Als can increase the resistivity and ensure a lower iron loss value from the composition system, and the grain size D of the normalizing procedure in the formulaCPAnd finished product annealing procedure grain size DFAThe process matching degree of the two working procedures can be relatively directly measured, DCPAnd DFAToo large or too small will directly deteriorate the magnetic properties of the finished product. The mutual restriction in the formula is combined with the component content for control, so that the iron loss level in the magnetic property of the finished product can be directly improved to reach the requirement range of the invention;
when eta value is less than 0.60, P1.0/50The transverse direction fails to reach the required range of the invention, which shows that the content of the component elements in the production process and the control of the normalizing and finished product annealing process fail to reach the optimal matching, namely twoThe iron loss is worsened due to various reasons, the content of main elements in the components is too low, the resistivity of the steel plate is low, and the iron loss of a finished product is too high; the second reason is that the process control of the normalizing process or the finished product process is not up to the requirement, and the final iron loss value is deteriorated because the crystal grains in the normalizing process are too small and then are inherited to the finished product annealing process. The higher temperature of the normalizing procedure can also occur in the actual production process, so that the normalized crystal grain D can be generatedCPThe larger eta causes the larger eta, but the normalized plate is too brittle under the condition, and the strip breakage is easy to occur due to the brittleness of the steel plate in the subsequent cold rolling process, thereby bringing the results of increased production difficulty and low yield.
Compared with the prior art, the invention ensures that the silicon steel sheet meets the iron loss value P under low field through process adjustment and control1.0/50The transverse direction is not higher than the requirement of 1.15W/kg so as to meet the requirement of higher-end users.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below:
table 1 is a value list of each embodiment of the present invention;
table 2 shows the main process parameter list and the performance test result list of each example and comparative example of the present invention;
table 3 shows examples D of the present invention and comparative examplesCPAnd DFAList of detection values and performance.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) continuously casting the steel into a plate blank after conventional smelting, and controlling the content of elements in the steel to reach the required range;
2) heating the casting blank, controlling the heating temperature to be 1080-1150 ℃, and preserving heat for 60-120 min at the temperature;
3) carrying out hot rolling, and controlling the final rolling temperature to be 800-900 ℃;
4) coiling, wherein the coiling temperature is controlled to be not lower than 600 ℃;
5) normalizing, controlling the normalizing temperature to be 925-960 ℃, and controlling the normalizing time to be 50-180 s;
6) carrying out conventional acid washing;
7) performing cold rolling, namely rolling the steel strip to the thickness of a finished product, and controlling the reduction rate to be 72-80%;
8) annealing, wherein the annealing temperature is controlled to be 1015-1055 ℃, and the annealing time is controlled to be 30-120 s; h in which the annealing atmosphere is dry2And N2Mixed gases or pure N2(ii) a When using H2And N2In the case of a mixture of gases, wherein H210 percent of ~ 30 percent in volume proportion, and the balance of N2；
9) Cooling, coating and finishing according to the conventional method;
10) to the iron loss of the steel plate
And (3) judging the iron loss of the steel plate by adopting the following formula:
in the formula:
Wsiis the Si percentage content value in the components;
WAlsis the Als percentage content value in the components;
DCPaverage grain size after steel strip normalization, unit: mu m;
DFAis the average grain size after the annealing of the finished steel strip, unit: mu m;
according to the values of Si and Als in each embodiment in Table 1 and D detected in corresponding embodiment in Table 3CP、DFASubstituting the value into a formula to calculate a low-field performance discrimination factor eta; when eta is not less than 0.60, P of the produced steel sheet is indicated1.0/50The transverse iron loss is within the range less than 1.15 required by the invention; when the eta value is less than 0.60, the P of the produced steel sheet is indicated1.0/50The lateral core loss is beyond the scope of the claimed invention.
Table list of values of ingredients of examples of the invention (% wt)
| Examples | Si | Als | Mn | C | S | N | P | Ti | V | Nb |
| 1 | 3.06 | 0.94 | 0.15 | 0.0030 | 0.0015 | 0.0018 | 0.007 | 0.0016 | 0.0012 | 0.0018 |
| 2 | 3.1 | 0.89 | 0.18 | 0.0025 | 0.0014 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.0019 | 0.0014 | 0.0019 |
| 3 | 3.11 | 0.91 | 0.2 | 0.0019 | 0.0013 | 0.0016 | 0.008 | 0.002 | 0.0011 | 0.0017 |
| 4 | 2.97 | 1.02 | 0.19 | 0.0034 | 0.001 | 0.0015 | 0.006 | 0.0017 | 0.0012 | 0.0018 |
| 5 | 3.04 | 0.93 | 0.21 | 0.0036 | 0.0012 | 0.0015 | 0.007 | 0.0013 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| 6 | 3.32 | 0.84 | 0.24 | 0.0039 | 0.0012 | 0.0018 | 0.006 | 0.0014 | 0.0017 | 0.002 |
| 7 | 3.16 | 1.1 | 0.22 | 0.0022 | 0.0013 | 0.002 | 0.008 | 0.002 | 0.0019 | 0.0014 |
| 8 | 3.07 | 0.94 | 0.24 | 0.0036 | 0.0011 | 0.0018 | 0.006 | 0.0017 | 0.0017 | 0.0019 |
| 9 | 3.01 | 0.91 | 0.28 | 0.0038 | 0.0013 | 0.0018 | 0.007 | 0.0016 | 0.0014 | 0.0019 |
| 10 | 3.14 | 1.3 | 0.26 | 0.0021 | 0.0011 | 0.0019 | 0.006 | 0.0015 | 0.0019 | 0.0013 |
| 11 | 3.16 | 0.97 | 0.2 | 0.0031 | 0.0013 | 0.0017 | 0.008 | 0.0014 | 0.002 | 0.0014 |
| 12 | 3.15 | 1.18 | 0.28 | 0.0030 | 0.001 | 0.0016 | 0.006 | 0.0013 | 0.0018 | 0.0013 |
TABLE 2 List of the main process parameters of the examples of the invention and the comparative examples
Description of the drawings: comparative example 1 the ingredient is number 10 in table 1; comparative example 2 the ingredient was number 11 in table 1.
TABLE 3 inventive examples DCPAnd DFAList of measured values and magnetic properties
As can be seen from the analysis of the results in Table 3, when the composition range and the process control are in accordance with the limits of the present invention, the corresponding iron loss P of the final product is determined1.0/50Transverse performance completely meets the performance value corresponding to the required range of the invention, the finished product has excellent magnetic performance, and the specific index is P1.0/50Transverse direction is less than or equal to 1.15W/kg and better level.
The present embodiments are merely preferred examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A production method of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel with excellent iron loss performance under low field comprises the following steps:
1) continuously casting the steel into a plate blank after conventional smelting, and controlling the content of elements in the steel to reach the required range;
2) heating the casting blank, controlling the heating temperature to be 1080-1150 ℃, and preserving heat for 60-120 min at the temperature;
3) carrying out hot rolling, and controlling the final rolling temperature to be 800-900 ℃;
4) coiling, wherein the coiling temperature is controlled to be not lower than 600 ℃;
5) normalizing, controlling the normalizing temperature to be 925-960 ℃, and controlling the normalizing time to be 50-180 s;
6) carrying out conventional acid washing;
7) performing cold rolling, namely rolling the steel strip to the thickness of a finished product, and controlling the reduction rate to be 72-80%;
8) annealing, wherein the annealing temperature is controlled to be 1015-1055 ℃, and the annealing time is controlled to be 30-120 s; h in which the annealing atmosphere is dry2And N2Mixed gases or pure N2(ii) a When using H2And N2In the case of a mixture of gases, wherein H210 percent of ~ 30 percent in volume proportion, and the balance of N2；
9) Cooling, coating and finishing according to a conventional process;
10) to the iron loss of the steel plate
And (3) judging the iron loss of the steel plate by adopting the following formula:
in the formula:
Wsiis the Si percentage content value in the components;
WAlsis the Als percentage content value in the components;
DCPaverage grain size after steel strip normalization, unit: mu m;
DFAis the average grain size after the annealing of the finished steel strip, unit: mu m;
when eta is not less than 0.60, P of the produced steel sheet is indicated1.0/50The transverse iron loss is less than 1.15W/kg required by the invention; when the eta value is less than 0.60, the P of the produced steel sheet is indicated1.0/50The lateral core loss is beyond the scope of the claimed invention.
2. The method for producing a cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel excellent in iron loss property at low fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.0 to 3.50 percent of Si, 0.80 to 2.0 percent of Als, 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.0040 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.0015 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.0020 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0020 percent of Ti, Nb and V respectively, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable residual elements.
3. The method for producing a cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel excellent in iron loss property at low fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the normalizing temperature is 925-940 ℃.
4. The method for producing a cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel excellent in iron loss property at low fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the annealing temperature is 1015-1040 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20191227 |