CN110615073B - Catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic - Google Patents
Catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic Download PDFInfo
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- CN110615073B CN110615073B CN201910917910.9A CN201910917910A CN110615073B CN 110615073 B CN110615073 B CN 110615073B CN 201910917910 A CN201910917910 A CN 201910917910A CN 110615073 B CN110615073 B CN 110615073B
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
- B63B1/121—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/32—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for collecting pollution from open water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic, and belongs to the technical field of micro-plastic. The marine water purifier comprises a first ship body, a second ship body, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a filtering mechanism and a flow guide mechanism, wherein a middle channel is formed between the first ship body and the second ship body, the first ship body and the second ship body are fixedly connected together through a connecting part, the water inlet pipe is fixedly arranged between the first ship body and the second ship body through a first supporting rod, the water outlet pipe is fixedly arranged between the first ship body and the second ship body through a second supporting rod, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected through a corrugated pipe, the filtering mechanism is arranged in the corrugated pipe, the filtering mechanism can filter micro plastic in seawater flowing into the water inlet pipe, the flow guide mechanism is arranged on the left side of the water inlet pipe, and the flow guide mechanism can adjust the size of water flowing into the water inlet pipe. The invention can quickly collect micro-plastic, and is simple and efficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of micro-plastics, and relates to a catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastics.
Background
Currently, marine garbage becomes one of the major global environmental problems, plastic is one of the main types of marine garbage, while micro plastic refers to a mixture of non-uniform plastic particles with various shapes and particle sizes from several micrometers to several millimeters, and the micro plastic in the sea can be divided into two major sources of 'primary' micro plastic and 'secondary' micro plastic. "virgin" microplastics are fine plastic particles that can be used directly as products or materials in the production of, for example, cleaning agents, facial cleansing milk, and industrial abrasives, exfoliating, pharmaceutical and textile plastic materials. The secondary micro plastic is fine plastic particles formed by decomposing and crushing large marine plastic pollutants layer by layer due to physical, chemical or biological effects in a natural environment. Automobile tire wear, land-source plastic wastes and paint are three main pollution sources of micro plastics in European marine environment.
The most important characteristics of the micro-plastics are that the micro-plastics have small particle size and large quantity, and are very easy to be ingested by a series of marine organisms such as marine plankton, benthos, fish, seabird, marine mammal, turtle and the like. Scientists have a fear that the micro-plastics taken up by marine organisms eventually enter the top of the biological chain, human body, through the food chain, and threaten human health.
The existing micro-plastic collecting devices basically adopt fixed or drifting collecting devices, the devices cannot quickly and effectively collect micro-plastic floating on the water surface, the collecting efficiency is low, the collecting time is greatly prolonged, and meanwhile, the effective water area for collection is also reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastics, which can quickly collect the micro-plastics, is simple and efficient.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic comprises a first hull and a second hull, wherein the first hull and the second hull are fixedly connected together through a connecting part, an intermediate channel is formed between the first hull and the second hull, and the catamaran further comprises: the water inlet pipe is fixedly arranged between the first ship body and the second ship body through a first supporting rod, the water outlet pipe is fixedly arranged between the first ship body and the second ship body through a second supporting rod, the water inlet pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe through a corrugated pipe, and the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe and the corrugated pipe are coaxially arranged;
the filtering mechanism is arranged in the corrugated pipe and can filter micro plastic in seawater flowing into the water inlet pipe;
the water flow guiding mechanism is arranged on the left side of the water inlet pipe and can adjust the size of water flow entering the water inlet pipe.
In the catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic as described above, the filtering mechanism includes:
the corrugated pipe comprises a first circular ring, a second circular ring and a third circular ring, wherein the first circular ring, the second circular ring and the third circular ring are sequentially and coaxially arranged on the corrugated pipe from left to right;
the filter comprises a first filter screen, a second filter screen and a third filter screen, wherein the first filter screen is arranged in a first circular ring, the second filter screen is arranged in a second circular ring, the third filter screen is arranged in a third circular ring, and the filter apertures of the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen are sequentially reduced;
the buffering guide structure can reduce the impact of water flow on the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen, and can enable the first circular ring, the second circular ring and the third circular ring to move only along the axial direction of the corrugated pipe;
the cleaning structure is arranged in the corrugated pipe and can clean micro plastic on the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen.
In the catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic, the buffer guide structure includes two guide units, the two guide units are respectively disposed on the front and rear sides of the corrugated pipe, and the guide units include:
the sliding rod is horizontally arranged between the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod, and the length direction of the sliding rod is consistent with that of the corrugated pipe;
first sleeve pipe, second sleeve pipe and third sleeve pipe, first sleeve pipe, second sleeve pipe and third sleeve pipe all slide and set up on the slide bar, first sleeve pipe links firmly with first ring through first connecting rod, the second sleeve pipe links firmly with the second ring through the second connecting rod, the third sleeve pipe links firmly with the third ring through the third connecting rod, be equipped with first reset spring, second reset spring, third reset spring and fourth reset spring between first bracing piece, first sleeve pipe, second sleeve pipe, third sleeve pipe and the second bracing piece in proper order.
In the above catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic, the cleaning structure comprises:
the second screw rod is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the water inlet pipe through a support, and the length direction of the second screw rod is consistent with that of the corrugated pipe;
the first nut is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the first filter screen, the first nut is in threaded connection with the second screw rod, a plurality of first rotating rods are radially arranged on the first nut, one side of each first rotating rod, which is close to the first filter screen, is provided with a hairbrush, and the hairbrush is in contact with the first filter screen;
the second nut is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the second filter screen, the second nut is in threaded connection with the second screw, a plurality of second rotating rods are radially arranged on the second nut, one side of each second rotating rod, which is close to the second filter screen, is provided with a brush, and the brush is in contact with the second filter screen;
the third nut is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the third filter screen, the third nut is in threaded connection with the second screw, a plurality of third rotating rods are radially arranged on the third nut, a hairbrush is arranged on one side, close to the third filter screen, of each third rotating rod, and the hairbrush is in contact with the third filter screen.
In the catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic, the flow guide mechanism comprises:
the fixed block is fixedly arranged at the top of the water inlet pipe;
the first folding mechanism is arranged between the fixed block and the first ship body, the second folding mechanism is arranged between the fixed block and the second ship body, and the first folding mechanism and the second folding mechanism can guide water flowing between the first folding mechanism and the second folding mechanism into the water inlet pipe;
the driving mechanism is arranged on the fixed block and can change the area of a water area between the first folding mechanism and the second folding mechanism.
In the above marine micro plastic collecting catamaran, the first folding mechanism includes:
one end of the first inclined rod is fixedly arranged on the fixed block, and the other end of the first inclined rod is fixedly arranged on the first ship body;
the first sliding block is arranged on the first inclined rod in a sliding mode;
the first fixing ring is fixedly arranged at one end of the first inclined rod close to the fixing block;
the first sliding rings are arranged on the first inclined rods between the first sliding blocks and the first fixing rings in a sliding mode;
the first folding plate is formed by a plurality of first baffles through a plurality of first articulated shafts in a sequential end-to-end hinged mode, the first baffle close to the fixed block of the first folding plate is hinged to a first fixing ring, the first baffle far away from the fixed block of the first folding plate is hinged to a first sliding block, the first articulated shafts of the plurality of first articulated shafts and the first sliding rings of the plurality of first sliding rings on one side of the first ship body are close to the first folding plate, and the first articulated shafts are hinged to the first corresponding sliding rings.
In the catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic, the second folding mechanism includes:
one end of the second inclined rod is fixedly arranged on the fixed block, and the other end of the second inclined rod is fixedly arranged on the second ship body;
the third sliding block is arranged on the second inclined rod in a sliding mode;
the second fixing ring is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the fixing block, of the second inclined rod;
the second sliding rings are arranged on the second inclined rods between the third sliding blocks and the second fixing rings in a sliding mode;
the cross section of the second folding plate is corrugated, the second folding plate is formed by a plurality of second baffles through a plurality of second hinged shafts in a sequential end-to-end hinged mode, the second baffles, close to the fixed blocks, of the second folding plate are hinged to the second fixing ring, the second baffles, far away from the fixed blocks, of the second folding plate are hinged to the third sliding block, the second folding plate is close to a plurality of second hinged shafts and a plurality of second sliding rings in one-to-one correspondence to one side of the second ship body, and the second hinged shafts are hinged to the corresponding second sliding rings.
In the catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic, the fixing block is internally provided with an installation cavity, and the driving mechanism comprises:
the motor is fixedly arranged in the mounting cavity;
the first screw rod is horizontally and rotatably arranged on the fixed block, the length direction of the first screw rod is consistent with that of the corrugated pipe, a nut is connected to the first screw rod in a threaded manner, and one end of the first screw rod extends into the mounting cavity and is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor;
first movable rod and second movable rod, first movable rod and second movable rod set up the both sides at the nut respectively, first movable rod and second movable rod are coaxial and mutually perpendicular with the axis of first screw rod, it is provided with the second slider to slide on the first movable rod, it is provided with the fourth slider to slide on the second movable rod, the second slider sets firmly on first slider, the fourth slider sets firmly on the third slider.
In the catamaran for collecting the marine micro-plastic, a first limiting plate is arranged at one end, away from the nut, of the first movable rod, and a second limiting plate is arranged at one end, away from the nut, of the second movable rod.
In the catamaran for collecting the marine micro-plastic, a fixed rod is arranged between the first catamaran body and the second catamaran body, and one end, far away from the fixed block, of the first screw rod is rotatably arranged on the fixed rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. when the catamaran sails to a designated water area, the first sliding block and the third sliding block are close to the fixed block, and the first folding plate and the second folding plate are in a folded state, so that the forward resistance of the catamaran is reduced;
2. after the catamaran reaches a specified water area, a motor is started to drive a first screw rod to rotate, so that a nut on the first screw rod moves towards one end far away from a fixed block along the first screw rod, a first sliding block is driven to move towards one end far away from the fixed block along a first inclined rod through a first movable rod, a first folding plate is gradually opened and flattened, a third sliding block is driven to move towards one end far away from the fixed block along a second inclined rod through a second movable rod, a second folding plate is gradually opened and flattened, the area of the water area between the first folding plate and the second folding plate is increased, water flowing into an intermediate channel enters a water inlet pipe as much as possible, and the collection efficiency of micro-plastics is improved;
3. water enters the filter pipe through the water inlet pipe and sequentially impacts the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen, and due to the fact that the filter pore diameters of the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen are sequentially reduced, micro plastic particles are sequentially filtered on the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen from large to small, and the filter effect is improved; in addition, when the water flow impact is large, the first circular ring, the second circular ring and the third circular ring move towards the water outlet pipe to drive the first sleeve, the second sleeve and the third sleeve to move towards the second support rod, and the first return spring, the second return spring, the third return spring and the fourth return spring play a role in buffering, so that the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen are prevented from being damaged due to overlarge impact, and the collection of micro-plastics is prevented from being influenced;
4. when water flow impacts the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen in sequence, the first filter screen drives the first nut to move along the length direction of the second screw, the first nut is made to rotate, the first rotating rod and the brush are driven to rotate, micro-plastic on the first filter screen is cleaned, meanwhile, the second filter screen drives the second nut to move along the length direction of the second screw, the second nut is made to rotate, the second rotating rod and the brush are driven to rotate, micro-plastic on the second filter screen is cleaned, meanwhile, the third filter screen drives the third nut to move along the length direction of the second screw, the third nut is made to rotate, the third rotating rod and the brush are driven to rotate, micro-plastic on the third filter screen is cleaned, through impact of water flow, the first filter screen is cleaned irregularly, micro-plastic on the second filter screen and the third filter screen is cleaned, and blockage of the filter screens is prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the marine micro-plastic collecting catamaran;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first and second folding panels in a folded position;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the water inlet pipe, the bellows and the water outlet pipe;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the first and second folding panels in an open position;
fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view at B in fig. 5.
In the figure, 1, the middle channel; 11. a first hull; 12. a second hull; 13. building the upper layer; 14. a connecting portion; 2. a water inlet pipe; 21. a first support bar; 3. a water outlet pipe; 31. a second support bar; 4. a fixed block; 41. a mounting cavity; 411. a nut; 412. a motor; 413. a first screw; 42. fixing the rod; 43. a first diagonal member; 431. a first slider; 432. a second slider; 433. a first retaining ring; 434. a first slip ring; 435. a first baffle plate; 436. a first hinge shaft; 44. a second diagonal member; 441. a third slider; 442. a fourth slider; 443. a second retaining ring; 444. a second slip ring; 445. a second baffle; 446. a second hinge shaft; 45. a first movable bar; 451. a first limit plate; 46. a second movable bar; 461. a second limiting plate; 5. a slide bar; 6. a bellows; 61. a first circular ring; 611. a first filter screen; 612. a first sleeve; 613. a first link; 614. a first nut; 615. a first rotating lever; 616. a brush; 62. a second circular ring; 621. a second filter screen; 622. a second sleeve; 623. a second link; 624. a second nut; 625. a second rotating rod; 63. a third circular ring; 631. a third filter screen; 632. a third sleeve; 633. a third link; 634. a third nut; 635. a third rotating rod; 64. a first return spring; 65. a second return spring; 66. a third return spring; 67. a fourth return spring; 7. a second screw; 71. and (7) closing the plate.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic comprises a first hull 11, a second hull 12, a middle channel 1, a water inlet pipe 2, a water outlet pipe 3, a filtering mechanism and a flow guide mechanism.
The first ship body 11 and the second ship body 12 are fixedly connected together through a connecting portion 14, the superstructure 13 is fixedly arranged above the connecting portion 14, and a middle channel 1 is formed between the first ship body 11 and the second ship body 12.
The inlet tube 2 sets firmly between first hull 11 and second hull 12 through two first bracing pieces 21, the outlet pipe 3 sets firmly between first hull 11 and second hull 12 through second bracing piece 31, inlet tube 2 and outlet pipe 3 link to each other through bellows 6, the length direction of bellows 6 is unanimous with the length direction of centre passageway 1, inlet tube 2, outlet pipe 3 and the coaxial setting of bellows 6.
The filtering mechanism is arranged in the corrugated pipe 6 and can filter micro plastic in seawater flowing into the water inlet pipe 2.
The water conservancy diversion mechanism sets up the left side at inlet tube 2, water flow size that gets into in the inlet tube 2 can be adjusted to the water conservancy diversion mechanism.
When the catamaran sails on water, water passes through the middle channel 1 between the first ship body 11 and the second ship body 12 and flows into the corrugated pipe 6 through the water inlet pipe 2, the micro plastic in seawater is filtered by the filtering mechanism in the corrugated pipe 6, and the micro plastic is continuously collected through the movement of the catamaran, so that the collection range is enlarged, and the catamaran has high movement speed and can shorten the collection time; in addition, the water quantity entering the water inlet pipe 2 is increased through the flow guide mechanism, and the collection efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the filtering mechanism includes a first ring 61, a second ring 62, a third ring 63, a first filter 611, a second filter 621, a third filter 631, a buffer guide structure, and a cleaning structure.
The first circular ring 61, the second circular ring 62 and the third circular ring 63 are coaxially arranged on the corrugated pipe 6 from left to right in sequence.
Water enters into filter tube 6 through inlet tube 2 in, strikes on first filter screen 611, second filter screen 621 and third filter screen 631 in proper order, because the filtration aperture of first filter screen 611, second filter screen 621 and third filter screen 631 reduces in proper order for the micro plastic granules is filtered on first filter screen 611, second filter screen 621 and third filter screen 631 from big to small in proper order, improves the filter effect.
The buffering guide structure can reduce the impact of the water flow on the first filter mesh 611, the second filter mesh 621 and the third filter mesh 631, and also can make the first ring 61, the second ring 62 and the third ring 63 move only in the axial direction of the corrugated pipe 6.
The clearance structure sets up in bellows 6, the little plastics on first filter screen 611, second filter screen 621 and the third filter screen 631 can be cleared up to the clearance structure.
When the water impact is large, the buffer guide mechanism can reduce the impact of the water flow on the first filter screen 611, the second filter screen 621 and the third filter screen 631, and avoid the damage of the first filter screen 611, the second filter screen 621 and the third filter screen 631 caused by the too large impact, which affects the collection of micro-plastics; in addition, the buffering guide mechanism can enable the first circular ring 61, the second circular ring 62 and the third circular ring 63 to only move along the axial direction of the corrugated pipe 6, so that the corrugated pipe 6 is prevented from axial deviation and the service life of the corrugated pipe 6 is prevented from being influenced; in addition, the cleaning structure can clean the micro plastic on the first filter screen 611, the second filter screen 621 and the third filter screen 631, and prevent the first filter screen 611, the second filter screen 621 and the third filter screen 631 from being blocked.
Specifically, the buffering guide structure includes two guide units respectively disposed at front and rear sides of the corrugated tube 6, and the guide units include a sliding rod 5, a first sleeve 612, a second sleeve 622, and a third sleeve 632.
The slide rod 5 is horizontally arranged between the first support rod 21 and the second support rod 31, and the length direction of the slide rod 5 is consistent with the length direction of the corrugated pipe 6.
The first sleeve 612, the second sleeve 622 and the third sleeve 632 are all slidably disposed on the sliding rod 5, the first sleeve 612 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first ring 61 through a first connecting rod 613, the second sleeve 622 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second ring 62 through a second connecting rod 623, the third sleeve 632 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third ring 63 through a third connecting rod 633, the sliding rod 5 is sleeved with a first return spring 64, a second return spring 65, a third return spring 66 and a fourth return spring 67, one end of the first return spring 64 is fixedly connected to the first supporting rod 21, the other end of the first return spring is fixedly connected to the first sleeve 612, one end of the second return spring 65 is fixedly connected to the first sleeve 612, the other end of the second return spring is fixedly connected to the second sleeve 622, the other end of the third return spring 66 is fixedly connected to the third sleeve 632, one end of the fourth return spring 67 is fixedly connected to the third sleeve 632, the other end is fixedly connected with the second support rod 31.
When the water flow entering the bellows 6 is large, the water flow impacts the first filter screen 611 to drive the first ring 61 and the first sleeve 612 to move towards the second sleeve 622, the first return spring 64 is extended, the second return spring 65 presses the second sleeve 622, the second sleeve 622 moves towards the third sleeve 632, the second sleeve 622 presses the third sleeve 632 through the third return spring 66, the third sleeve 632 moves towards the second support rod 31, the third sleeve 632 presses the fourth return spring 67, the fourth return spring 67 is compressed and contracted, meanwhile, the second filter screen 621 on the second ring 62 moves along with the second sleeve 622, the third filter screen 631 on the third ring 63 moves along with the third sleeve 632, the first return spring 64, the second return spring 65, the third return spring 66 and the fourth return spring 67 play a role in buffering role in impact on the water flow, and damage caused by the large impact on the first filter screen 611, the second filter screen and the third filter screen 631 is avoided, affecting the collection of micro-plastic.
Specifically, the cleaning structure includes a second screw 7, a first nut 614, a second nut 624, and a third nut 634.
The second screw 7 is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the water inlet pipe 2 through a support, and the length direction of the second screw 7 is consistent with that of the corrugated pipe 6.
The first nut 614 is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the first filter screen 611, the first nut 614 is in threaded connection with the second screw 7, a plurality of first rotating rods 615 are radially arranged on the first nut 614, a brush 616 is arranged on one side of each first rotating rod 615, which is close to the first filter screen 611, and the brush 616 is in contact with the first filter screen 611.
The coaxial rotation of second nut 624 sets up in second filter screen 621, second nut 624 and second screw rod 7 threaded connection, radially be equipped with a plurality of second bull stick 625 on the second nut 624, one side that second bull stick 625 is close to second filter screen 621 is equipped with brush 616, brush 616 and second filter screen 621 contact.
The third nut 634 is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the third filter screen 631, the third nut 634 is in threaded connection with the second screw 7, a plurality of third rotating rods 635 are radially arranged on the third nut 634, a brush 616 is arranged on one side, close to the third filter screen 631, of the third rotating rods 635, and the brush 616 is in contact with the third filter screen 631.
When water flow impacts the first filter screen 611, the second filter screen 621 and the third filter screen 631 in sequence, the first filter screen 611 drives the first nut 614 to move along the length direction of the second screw 7, so that the first nut 614 rotates to drive the first rotating rod 615 and the brush 616 to rotate, so as to clean the micro-plastics on the first filter screen 614, meanwhile, the second filter screen 621 drives the second nut 624 to move along the length direction of the second screw 7, so as to drive the second nut 624 to rotate, so as to drive the second rotating rod 625 and the brush 616 to rotate, so as to clean the micro-plastics on the second filter screen 621, meanwhile, the third filter screen 631 drives the third nut 634 to move along the length direction of the second screw 7, so as to drive the third rotating rod 635 and the brush 616 to rotate, so as to clean the micro-plastics 631 on the third filter screen 631, so as to irregularly clean the micro-plastics on the first filter screen 611, the second filter screen 621 and the third filter screen through impact of the water flow, prevent the filter screen from being blocked.
Preferably, the end of the second screw 7 away from the water inlet pipe 2 is provided with a sealing plate 71, and the size of the sealing plate 71 is larger than that of the third nut 634.
Specifically, the diversion mechanism comprises a fixed block 4, a first folding mechanism, a second folding mechanism and a driving mechanism.
The fixed block 4 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the top of the water inlet pipe 2, and preferably, the fixed block 4 is cylindrical.
First folding mechanism sets up between fixed block 4 and first hull 11, the second folding mechanism sets up between fixed block 4 and second hull 12, first folding mechanism and second folding mechanism can be with leading-in to inlet tube 2 of the water that flows into between first folding mechanism and the second folding mechanism.
The driving mechanism is arranged on the fixed block 4, and the driving mechanism can change the area of the water area between the first folding mechanism and the second folding mechanism.
When the micro-plastic is required to be collected, the area of the water area between the first folding mechanism and the second folding mechanism is increased through the driving mechanism, when the catamaran moves, water flowing into the middle channel 1 enters the water inlet pipe 2 as much as possible, the amount of water flowing into the water inlet pipe 2 in unit time is increased, and the collection efficiency of the micro-plastic is improved.
Specifically, the first folding mechanism includes a first diagonal rod 43, a first slider 431, a first fixing ring 433, a first folding plate, and a plurality of first slip rings 434.
One end of the first inclined rod 43 is fixedly arranged on the fixed block 4, the other end of the first inclined rod is inclined to the upper left, and the end part of the first inclined rod is fixedly arranged on the first ship body 11;
the first slider 431 is slidably disposed on the first tilting rod 43.
The first fixing ring 433 is fixedly arranged at one end of the first inclined rod 43 close to the fixing block 4.
A plurality of first sliding rings 434 are slidably disposed on the first inclined rods 43 between the first sliding blocks 431 and the first fixing rings 433.
The cross section of first folded sheet is the corrugate, the lower side of first folded sheet stretches into the aquatic, first folded sheet is formed through the first articulated shaft 436 of a plurality of by the first baffle 435 of a plurality of head and the tail is articulated in proper order, first baffle 435 that first folded sheet is close to fixed block 4 articulates on first solid fixed ring 433, the first baffle 435 that fixed block 4 was kept away from to first folded sheet articulates on first slider 431, first folded sheet is close to the first articulated shaft 436 of a plurality of and the first sliding ring 434 one-to-one of a plurality of first ship body 11 one side, first articulated shaft 436 articulates on corresponding first sliding ring 434.
When the catamaran sails to a designated water area, the first sliding block 431 is at a position close to the fixed block 4, and the first folding plate is in a folded state, so that the contact area between the first folding plate and the water surface is reduced, and the forward resistance of the catamaran is reduced; after the catamaran arrives at the designated water area, the first sliding block 431 is moved to one end far away from the fixed block 4 along the first inclined rod 43, the first sliding rings 434 are driven to move to one end far away from the fixed block 4, the first folding plate is gradually opened and flattened, the contact area of the first folding plate and the water surface is increased, water flowing into the middle channel 1 enters the water inlet pipe 2 as much as possible, and the collection efficiency of the micro-plastic is improved.
Specifically, the second folding mechanism includes a second diagonal rod 44, a third slider 441, a second fixing ring 443, a second folding plate, and a plurality of second slip rings 444.
One end of the second inclined rod 44 is fixedly arranged on the fixed block 4, and the other end inclines to the lower left and the end part is fixedly arranged on the second ship body 12.
The third slider 441 is slidably disposed on the second inclined rod 44.
The second fixing ring 443 is fixedly arranged at one end of the second inclined rod 44 close to the fixing block 4.
A plurality of the second sliding rings 444 are slidably disposed on the second inclined rod 44 between the third sliding block 441 and the second fixing ring 443.
The cross section of the second folding plate is corrugated, the lower side edge of the second folding plate extends into water, the second folding plate is formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of second baffles 445 end to end through a plurality of second hinge shafts 446, the second baffles 445 of the second folding plate close to the fixed block 4 are hinged to a second fixing ring 443, the second baffles 445 of the second folding plate far away from the fixed block 4 are hinged to a third sliding block 441, the second folding plate is close to a plurality of second hinge shafts 446 and a plurality of second sliding rings 444 on one side of the second ship body 12 in one-to-one correspondence, and the second hinge shafts 446 are hinged to the corresponding second sliding rings 444.
When the catamaran sails to a designated water area, the third sliding block 441 is close to the fixed block 4, and the second folding plate is in a folded state, so that the contact area between the second folding plate and the water surface is reduced, and the forward resistance of the catamaran is reduced; after the catamaran arrives at the designated water area, the third sliding block 441 is moved towards the end far away from the fixed block 4 along the second inclined rod 44 to drive the plurality of second sliding rings 444 to move towards the end far away from the fixed block 4, so that the second folding plate is gradually opened and flattened, the contact area between the second folding plate and the water surface is increased, water flowing into the middle channel 1 enters the water inlet pipe 2 as much as possible, and the collection efficiency of micro-plastics is improved.
Specifically, a mounting cavity 41 is arranged in the fixed block 4, and the driving mechanism includes a motor 412, a first screw 413, a first movable rod 45, and a second movable rod 46.
The motor 412 is fixedly arranged in the mounting cavity 41, and the motor 412 is electrically connected with an external power supply.
The first screw 413 is horizontally and rotatably arranged on the fixed block 4, the length direction of the first screw 413 is consistent with that of the corrugated pipe 6, the first screw 413 is connected with a nut 411 in a threaded manner, and one end of the first screw 413 extends into the installation cavity 41 and is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor 412.
First movable rod 45 and second movable rod 46 set up the both sides at nut 411 respectively, first movable rod 45 and second movable rod 46 are coaxial and are mutually perpendicular with the axis of first screw 413, it is provided with second slider 432 to slide on the first movable rod 45, it is provided with fourth slider 442 to slide on the second movable rod 46, second slider 432 sets firmly on first slider 431, fourth slider 442 sets firmly on third slider 441.
When the catamaran reaches a designated water area and is ready to collect micro-plastic, the motor 412 is started to drive the first screw 413 to rotate clockwise, so that the nut 411 on the first screw 413 moves along the first screw 413 in a direction away from the fixed block 4, the first movable rod 45 on the nut 411 drives the second slider 432 to move along the first inclined rod 43 in a direction towards the first hull 11, the second movable rod 46 on the nut 411 drives the fourth slider 442 to move along the second inclined rod 44 in a direction towards the second hull 12, the first slider 431 below the second slider 432 moves along the first inclined rod 43 in a direction away from the fixed block 4, so that the first folded plate is gradually unfolded and flattened, the second slider 441 below the fourth slider 442 moves along the second inclined rod 44 in a direction away from the fixed block 4, so that the second folded plate is gradually unfolded and flattened, and the area of the water area between the first folded plate and the second folded plate is increased, the water quantity flowing into the water inlet pipe 2 is increased, and the collection efficiency of the micro-plastic is improved.
After the collection work is finished, the starting motor 412 drives the first screw 413 to rotate anticlockwise, so that the nut 411 on the first screw 413 moves towards the direction close to the fixed block 4 along the first screw 413, the first sliding block 431 and the third sliding block 441 are driven to move towards the fixed block 4 through the first movable rod 45 and the second movable rod 46, the first folding plate and the second folding plate are folded, the area of a water area between the first folding plate and the second folding plate is reduced, and the advancing resistance of the catamaran is reduced.
Specifically, a first limit plate 451 is disposed at an end of the first movable rod 45 away from the nut 411, and a second limit plate 461 is disposed at an end of the second movable rod 46 away from the nut 411.
The first limiting plate 451 can limit the sliding range of the first slider 431 and the second slider 432, and prevent the first movable rod 45 from sliding out of the second slider 432 to affect the folding function of the first folding plate, and the second limiting plate 461 can limit the sliding range of the third slider 441 and the fourth slider 442 to prevent the second movable rod 46 from sliding out of the fourth slider 442 to affect the folding function of the second folding plate.
Specifically, a fixing rod 42 is arranged between the first hull 11 and the second hull 12, and one end of the first screw 413, which is far away from the fixing block 4, is rotatably arranged on the fixing rod 42.
The one end of first screw rod 413 is rotated and is set up on fixed block 4, and the other end is rotated and is set up on dead lever 42, ensures that first screw rod 413 can stabilize smooth and easy rotation, can not take place the bending, influences the folding of first folded sheet and second folded sheet.
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which is for convenience in describing the patent and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered limiting of the patent.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic, comprising a first hull (11) and a second hull (12), said first hull (11) and said second hull (12) being connected together by a connection (14), an intermediate channel (1) being formed between said first hull (11) and said second hull (12), characterized in that it further comprises: the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3), the water inlet pipe (2) is fixedly arranged between the first ship body (11) and the second ship body (12) through a first supporting rod (21), the water outlet pipe (3) is fixedly arranged between the first ship body (11) and the second ship body (12) through a second supporting rod (31), the water inlet pipe (2) is connected with the water outlet pipe (3) through a corrugated pipe (6), and the water inlet pipe (2), the water outlet pipe (3) and the corrugated pipe (6) are coaxially arranged;
the filtering mechanism is arranged in the corrugated pipe (6) and can filter micro plastic in seawater flowing into the water inlet pipe (2);
the flow guide mechanism is arranged on the left side of the water inlet pipe (2), and can adjust the size of water flow entering the water inlet pipe (2);
the filter mechanism includes:
the corrugated pipe comprises a first circular ring (61), a second circular ring (62) and a third circular ring (63), wherein the first circular ring (61), the second circular ring (62) and the third circular ring (63) are sequentially and coaxially arranged on the corrugated pipe (6) from left to right;
the filter screen structure comprises a first filter screen (611), a second filter screen (621) and a third filter screen (631), wherein the first filter screen (611) is arranged in a first circular ring (61), the second filter screen (621) is arranged in a second circular ring (62), the third filter screen (631) is arranged in a third circular ring (63), and the filter apertures of the first filter screen (611), the second filter screen (621) and the third filter screen (631) are sequentially reduced;
a buffering guide structure capable of reducing impact of water flow on the first filter screen (611), the second filter screen (621) and the third filter screen (631), and also capable of moving the first ring (61), the second ring (62) and the third ring (63) only in an axial direction of the corrugated pipe (6);
the cleaning structure is arranged in the corrugated pipe (6), and can clean micro plastic on the first filter screen (611), the second filter screen (621) and the third filter screen (631);
buffering guide structure includes two guide unit, two guide unit sets up both sides around bellows (6) respectively, guide unit includes:
the sliding rod (5), the sliding rod (5) is horizontally arranged between the first supporting rod (21) and the second supporting rod (31), and the length direction of the sliding rod (5) is consistent with that of the corrugated pipe (6);
the sliding rod comprises a first sleeve (612), a second sleeve (622) and a third sleeve (632), wherein the first sleeve (612), the second sleeve (622) and the third sleeve (632) are arranged on a sliding rod (5) in a sliding mode, the first sleeve (612) is fixedly connected with a first circular ring (61) through a first connecting rod (613), the second sleeve (622) is fixedly connected with a second circular ring (62) through a second connecting rod (623), the third sleeve (632) is fixedly connected with a third circular ring (63) through a third connecting rod (633), and a first return spring (64), a second return spring (65), a third return spring (66) and a fourth return spring (67) are sequentially arranged among a first supporting rod (21), the first sleeve (612), the second sleeve (622), the third sleeve (632) and a second supporting rod (31).
2. The marine micro-plastic harvesting catamaran of claim 1, wherein the cleaning structure comprises:
the second screw rod (7) is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the water inlet pipe (2) through a support, and the length direction of the second screw rod (7) is consistent with that of the corrugated pipe (6);
the first nut (614) is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the first filter screen (611), the first nut (614) is in threaded connection with the second screw (7), a plurality of first rotating rods (615) are arranged on the first nut (614) in the radial direction, one side, close to the first filter screen (611), of each first rotating rod (615) is provided with a brush (616), and the brushes (616) are in contact with the first filter screen (611);
the second nut (624) is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the second filter screen (621), the second nut (624) is in threaded connection with the second screw (7), a plurality of second rotating rods (625) are radially arranged on the second nut (624), one side, close to the second filter screen (621), of each second rotating rod (625) is provided with a brush (616), and the brushes (616) are in contact with the second filter screen (621);
third nut (634), third nut (634) coaxial rotation sets up in third filter screen (631), third nut (634) and second screw rod (7) threaded connection, radially be equipped with a plurality of third bull stick (635) on third nut (634), one side that third bull stick (635) are close to third filter screen (631) is equipped with brush (616), brush (616) and third filter screen (631) contact.
3. The marine micro-plastic harvesting catamaran of claim 2, wherein the flow directing mechanism comprises:
the fixed block (4), the said fixed block (4) is fixed on the top of the water inlet pipe (2);
the water inlet pipe comprises a first folding mechanism and a second folding mechanism, wherein the first folding mechanism is arranged between a fixed block (4) and a first ship body (11), the second folding mechanism is arranged between the fixed block (4) and a second ship body (12), and the first folding mechanism and the second folding mechanism can guide water flowing between the first folding mechanism and the second folding mechanism into the water inlet pipe (2);
the driving mechanism is arranged on the fixing block (4), and the driving mechanism can change the area of a water area between the first folding mechanism and the second folding mechanism.
4. The marine micro-plastic harvesting catamaran of claim 3, wherein the first folding mechanism comprises:
one end of the first inclined rod (43) is fixedly arranged on the fixed block (4), and the other end of the first inclined rod (43) is fixedly arranged on the first ship body (11);
a first slider (431), wherein the first slider (431) is arranged on the first inclined rod (43) in a sliding manner;
the first fixing ring (433), the first fixing ring (433) is fixedly arranged at one end of the first inclined rod (43) close to the fixing block (4);
the first sliding rings (434) are arranged on the first inclined rod (43) between the first sliding block (431) and the first fixing ring (433) in a sliding manner;
first folded sheet, the cross section of first folded sheet is the corrugate, first folded sheet is formed through the first articulated shaft (436) of a plurality of by the first baffle of a plurality of (435) end to end hinge in proper order, first baffle (435) that first folded sheet is close to fixed block (4) articulate on first solid fixed ring (433), first baffle (435) that fixed block (4) were kept away from to first folded sheet articulates on first slider (431), first folded sheet is close to the first articulated shaft (436) of a plurality of and the first sliding ring (434) one-to-one of a plurality of first hull (11) one side, first articulated shaft (436) articulates on corresponding first sliding ring (434).
5. The catamaran vessel for collecting marine micro-plastics according to claim 4, wherein said second folding mechanism comprises:
one end of the second inclined rod (44) is fixedly arranged on the fixed block (4), and the other end of the second inclined rod (44) is fixedly arranged on the second ship body (12);
a third slider (441), wherein the third slider (441) is arranged on the second inclined rod (44) in a sliding manner;
the second fixing ring (443) is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the fixing block (4), of the second inclined rod (44);
a plurality of second sliding rings (444), wherein the plurality of second sliding rings (444) are arranged on the second inclined rod (44) between the third sliding block (441) and the second fixed ring (443) in a sliding manner;
the cross section of the second folding plate is corrugated, the second folding plate is formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of second baffles (445) end to end through a plurality of second hinge shafts (446), the second baffles (445) of the second folding plate close to the fixed block (4) are hinged to a second fixing ring (443), the second baffles (445) of the second folding plate far away from the fixed block (4) are hinged to a third sliding block (441), the second folding plate is in one-to-one correspondence with the second hinge shafts (446) and the second sliding rings (444) close to one side of the second ship body (12), and the second hinge shafts (446) are hinged to the corresponding second sliding rings (444).
6. Marine micro-plastic harvesting catamaran according to claim 5, characterized in that said fixed block (4) is provided with a mounting cavity (41), said driving mechanism comprising:
the motor (412), the said motor (412) is fixed in the installation cavity (41);
the first screw (413) is horizontally and rotatably arranged on the fixed block (4), the length direction of the first screw (413) is consistent with that of the corrugated pipe (6), a nut (411) is connected to the first screw (413) in a threaded mode, and one end of the first screw (413) extends into the installation cavity (41) and is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor (412);
first movable rod (45) and second movable rod (46), first movable rod (45) and second movable rod (46) set up the both sides at nut (411) respectively, first movable rod (45) and second movable rod (46) are coaxial and are mutually perpendicular with the axis of first screw rod (413), it is provided with second slider (432) to slide on first movable rod (45), it is provided with fourth slider (442) to slide on second movable rod (46), second slider (432) set firmly on first slider (431), fourth slider (442) set firmly on third slider (441).
7. The catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic according to claim 6, wherein one end of the first movable rod (45) far away from the nut (411) is provided with a first limit plate (451), and one end of the second movable rod (46) far away from the nut (411) is provided with a second limit plate (461).
8. The catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic according to claim 7, wherein a fixing rod (42) is arranged between the first hull (11) and the second hull (12), and one end of the first screw (413) far away from the fixing block (4) is rotatably arranged on the fixing rod (42).
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| CN201910917910.9A CN110615073B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic |
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| CN201910917910.9A CN110615073B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Catamaran for collecting marine micro-plastic |
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| CN110615073B true CN110615073B (en) | 2021-03-02 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111196338B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-03-02 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Portable ocean micro plastic recovery device |
| CN117385842B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-03-15 | 国家***北海海洋工程勘察研究院 | Microplastic garbage collection bin for water body |
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| JPH1095393A (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 1998-04-14 | Kazuo Saito | Float refuse collecting boat |
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