CN110608988A - Size conversion device for nonstandard small-size rock sample penetration test - Google Patents
Size conversion device for nonstandard small-size rock sample penetration test Download PDFInfo
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- CN110608988A CN110608988A CN201910950118.3A CN201910950118A CN110608988A CN 110608988 A CN110608988 A CN 110608988A CN 201910950118 A CN201910950118 A CN 201910950118A CN 110608988 A CN110608988 A CN 110608988A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a can be used to size conversion equipment of non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test, includes upper swivel and lower swivel, and wherein upper swivel includes upper swivel nut, upper swivel screw rod, buffering hoop, and lower swivel includes lower swivel nut, lower swivel screw rod, buffering hoop. Wherein the top of the upper rotary joint screw cap is provided with a water collecting tank and an upper water seepage small hole; the lower adapter nut bottom is equipped with the distributive chute and seeps water the aperture down, and upper and lower adapter nut is inside to be equipped with hollow switching mouth, and hollow switching mouth surface is equipped with the screw thread, can twist upper and lower adapter screw rod. The buffer hoop is positioned on the outer sides of the upper and lower rotary joint screws. The device can perform the penetration test on the sample with the non-standard size when the size of the permeable stone in the permeameter is not consistent with the size of the rock sample; meanwhile, the screw rods with different sizes can be replaced to adapt to non-standard rock samples with different sizes, so that the permeation requirements of various non-standard size samples are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rock mechanics test instrument development, and particularly relates to a size conversion device for a nonstandard small-size rock sample penetration test.
Background
The indoor rock mechanical test is an important means for obtaining rock physical mechanical parameters, and is commonly a single-axis test, a three-axis test and the like. Sometimes, in order to obtain the permeability coefficient of the rock, a rock permeability test needs to be performed, a standard-size sample (with a diameter of 5 cm) required in the specification needs to be prepared before the test, but in the actual sample preparation process, the sample (with the diameter of 5 cm) cannot be prepared due to the fact that the rock with fragile texture and more cracks, such as mudstone, and only a small-size non-standard sample can be prepared for testing, most of the water inlet pressure heads of the existing permeability test instruments are designed for the standard-size sample (with the diameter of 5 cm), if the sample smaller than the standard size is directly subjected to the permeability test, a water leakage phenomenon occurs in the test, so that the permeability test cannot be performed. Therefore, most of the existing water inlet pressure heads with standard sizes cannot be used for penetration tests of samples with smaller than standard sizes, and in view of the problems, a size conversion device for performing the penetration tests on non-standard rock samples with small sizes by using the existing permeameter is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention designs a size conversion device for a non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test, which can perform the penetration test on the non-standard-size sample when the size of a permeable stone in a permeameter is not consistent with the size of the rock sample, and can adapt to the non-standard rock samples with different sizes by replacing screws with different sizes so as to meet the penetration requirements of various non-standard-size samples (the invention particularly refers to the samples with the size smaller than the standard size); the upper and lower rotating joints are provided with water collecting tanks and water dividing tanks, water flow is collected by utilizing the water collecting effect, and the penetration of the sample is more uniform through the upper and lower water seepage small holes and the water dividing tanks; the unique design of the buffer hoop can avoid the problem of water leakage caused by the rupture of the geotechnical latex film due to the stress concentration of a non-standard sample at the joint.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a size conversion equipment that can be used to nonstandard small-size rock sample permeation test, size conversion equipment includes upper swivel and lower swivel, and wherein upper swivel includes upper swivel nut, upper swivel screw rod, buffering hoop, and lower swivel includes lower swivel nut, lower swivel screw rod, buffering hoop.
The upper rotary joint nut is a stainless steel cylinder, the diameter of the upper rotary joint nut is consistent with that of a standard rock sample and is 5cm, an upper rotary joint water collecting tank and an upper water seepage small hole are formed in the upper part of the upper rotary joint nut, a hollow rotary joint port is formed in the inner part of the upper rotary joint nut, threads are arranged on the surface of the hollow rotary joint port, and an upper rotary joint screw can be screwed in.
Go up the adapter screw rod and connect the screw rod down and constitute by two parts, wherein the diameter that has the screw thread part in the screw rod is established to 2.5cm, can twist in the adapter nut, and the part of screw rod and sample both ends contact is equipped with three kinds of sizes: 2.5cm, 3cm and 3.5cm, and the corresponding screw can be selected according to the size of the taken non-standard rock sample. The bottom of the upper rotating joint screw is provided with an upper rotating joint water diversion tank and an upper water seepage small hole, and the top of the lower rotating joint screw is provided with a lower rotating joint water collection tank and a lower water seepage small hole.
The buffer hoop is located on the outer sides of the upper rotating joint screw and the lower rotating joint screw, has a certain thickness, and can prevent the geotechnical emulsion film from breaking due to stress concentration after confining pressure is applied, and can also enable the geotechnical emulsion film to be better attached to the surface of the geotechnical emulsion film so as to prevent water leakage.
The lower adapter nut is a stainless steel cylinder, the diameter of the lower adapter nut is consistent with that of a standard rock sample and is 5cm, a lower adapter diversion trench and a lower water seepage small hole are formed in the bottom of the lower adapter nut, a hollow adapter port is formed in the inner portion of the lower adapter nut, threads are arranged on the surface of the hollow adapter port, and a lower adapter screw can be screwed in.
The size conversion device for the non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test can be flexibly disassembled. The advantages are that:
1. the upper adapter and the lower adapter are composed of three parts, namely an upper adapter nut, a lower adapter nut, an upper adapter screw rod, a lower adapter screw rod and a buffer hoop ring. The adapter screw rod divide into two parts, and the diameter that has the screw thread part is established to 2.5cm, can twist the adapter nut in, the part of screw rod and sample both ends contact is equipped with three kinds of sizes: 2.5cm, 3cm and 3.5cm, corresponding screws can be selected according to the size of the taken non-standard rock sample, the operation is simple, and the disassembly is convenient.
2. Buffering hoop is integrative with the adapter screw rod, and the buffering hoop is the same with the degree of depth that the adapter nut was twisted to the screw rod apart from the length of adapter screw rod front end, has certain thickness, and during the screw rod was twisted the nut, the tight nut bottom of pasting of buffering hoop can avoid appearing stress concentration and leading to the problem that geotechnological emulsion membrane breaks and leaks in the joint department because of non-standard sample.
3. The top of upper and lower round joint all is equipped with the water catch bowl and upper and lower infiltration aperture, utilizes the water-collecting effect, collects rivers to the water catch bowl of adapter bottom is flowed into through the infiltration aperture in the screw rod, has increased the infiltration face of sample, makes the infiltration more even.
4. The device can perform the penetration test on the non-standard-size samples when the sizes of the permeable stones in the permeameter are not consistent with the size of the rock sample, and can adapt to the non-standard rock samples with different sizes by replacing screws with different sizes so as to meet the penetration requirements of various non-standard-size samples (the invention specifically refers to the samples smaller than the standard size); the upper and lower rotating joints are provided with water collecting tanks and water dividing tanks, water flow is collected by utilizing the water collecting effect, and the penetration of the sample is more uniform through the upper and lower water seepage small holes and the water dividing tanks; the unique design of the buffer hoop can avoid the problem of water leakage caused by the rupture of the geotechnical latex film due to the stress concentration of a non-standard sample at the joint.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall cross-sectional view of a rock permeameter and a conversion device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the upper adapter of the present invention.
FIG. 4(1) is a schematic front view of the upper adapter of the present invention;
FIG. 4(2) is a schematic left view of the upper adapter of the present invention;
fig. 4(3) is a schematic top view of the upper adapter of the present invention.
FIG. 5(1) is a schematic sectional view of the upper adaptor B-B of the present invention.
FIG. 5(2) is a schematic sectional view of the upper adaptor of the present invention in the C-C direction.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a lower adapter of the present invention.
FIG. 7(1) is a schematic front view of the lower adapter of the present invention;
FIG. 7(2) is a left side view of the lower adapter of the present invention;
fig. 7(3) is a schematic top view of the lower joint of the present invention.
FIG. 8(1) is a schematic sectional view of a direction D-D of the lower joint of the present invention;
FIG. 8(2) is a schematic sectional view of the direction of E-E of the downturn joint of the present invention.
Fig. 9(1) is a schematic front view of the upper adapter nut of the present invention;
FIG. 9(2) is a left side view of the upper rotating joint nut of the present invention;
fig. 9(3) is a schematic top view of the upper adapter nut of the present invention.
FIG. 10(1) is a schematic sectional view of the upper adapter nut F-F according to the present invention.
FIG. 10(2) is a schematic sectional view of the upper adapter nut G-G of the present invention.
FIG. 11(1) is a schematic structural diagram of the upper rotary joint screw with a conversion diameter of 2.5cm according to the present invention in a front view;
FIG. 11(2) is a schematic top view of the upper adapter screw with a transition diameter of 2.5cm according to the present invention.
FIG. 12(1) is a schematic front view of the upper adapter screw with a conversion diameter of 3cm according to the present invention.
FIG. 12(2) is a schematic top view of the upper adapter screw with a conversion diameter of 3cm according to the present invention.
FIG. 13(1) is a schematic structural diagram of the upper rotary joint screw with a conversion diameter of 3.5cm according to the present invention in a front view;
FIG. 13(2) is a schematic top view of the upper adapter screw with a transition diameter of 3.5cm according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The size conversion device comprises a pressure head 1, a water injection hole 2, a sealing ring 3, a confining pressure chamber shell 23, a base 22, a size conversion device, an upper water permeable sheet, a lower water permeable sheet, an oil inlet hole 12 and a water outlet hole 21. The pressure head 1, the water injection hole 2, the sealing ring 3, the confining pressure chamber shell 23, the base 22, the size conversion device, the upper and lower water permeable sheets, the oil inlet hole 12 and the water outlet hole 21 form an integral penetration test device, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
The size conversion device comprises an upper connector 4 and a lower connector 15, wherein the upper connector comprises an upper connector nut 6, an upper connector screw 7 and a buffer hoop 13, and the lower connector comprises a lower connector nut 17, a lower connector screw 16 and a buffer hoop 13, as shown in fig. 3, 4(1), 4(2), 4(3), 5(1), 5 (3), 6, 7(1), 7(2), 7(3), 8(1) and 8 (2). Because the external contour and the internal structure of the upper and lower rotary joints are completely the same, the figures of the adapter nut and the screw rod of the invention are explained by taking the upper adapter as an example.
The upper adapter nut 6 is a stainless steel cylinder, the diameter of the upper adapter nut is consistent with that of a standard rock sample and is 5cm, an upper adapter water collecting tank 8 and an upper water seepage small hole 11 are arranged at the upper part of the upper adapter nut, a hollow adapter 9 is arranged inside the upper adapter nut, threads 10 are arranged on the surface of the hollow adapter 9, upper adapter screws of three sizes can be screwed in, and the screwing depth is about three quarters of the height of the upper adapter nut 6, as shown in fig. 9(1), fig. 9(2), fig. 9(3), fig. 10(1) and fig. 10 (2).
Go up the adapter screw rod and connect the screw rod down and constitute by two parts, wherein the diameter that has the screw thread part in the screw rod is established to 2.5cm, can twist in the adapter nut, and the part of screw rod and sample both ends contact is equipped with three kinds of sizes: 2.5cm, 3cm and 3.5cm, the screw can be selected according to the size of the taken non-standard rock sample, as shown in fig. 11(1), (11) (2), (12) (1), (12) (2), (13) (1) and (13) (2).
The buffer hoop is located at the outer side of the upper adaptor screw and the lower adaptor screw, and has a certain thickness, so that the problem of water leakage caused by rupture of the geomembrane due to stress concentration of a non-standard sample at the adaptor can be avoided, as shown in fig. 11(1), fig. 11(2), fig. 12(1), fig. 12(2), fig. 13(1) and fig. 13 (2).
A size conversion device for use in non-standard small-scale rock sample penetration testing, comprising the steps of:
step 1: according to the size of the sample determined before the test, selecting an adapter screw rod with a corresponding size, firstly screwing a lower adapter screw rod 16 into a lower adapter screw cap 17 to form a complete lower adapter 15,
step 2, sleeving the geotechnical emulsion film 24 at one end, and ensuring that the remaining length of the geotechnical emulsion film 24 at the end is about 3 cm;
and step 3: placing the processed sample 25 on the top end of the lower adapter screw 16 through the other end of the geotechnical emulsion film 24 to be in close contact with the lower adapter water collecting tank 18;
and 4, step 4: screwing an upper rotary joint screw 7 into an upper rotary joint screw cap 6 to form an upper rotary joint 4, and then sleeving the upper rotary joint screw into a geotechnical emulsion film 24 to enable an upper rotary joint water separation tank 14 to be in close contact with the top of a test sample 25;
and 5: placing the lower water-permeable sheet 20 on the base 22, then integrally placing the assembled sample and adapter on the lower water-permeable sheet 20, and sleeving the rest geotechnical emulsion film 24 into the base 22;
step 6: placing the upper water permeable sheet 5 on the top of the upper adapter nut 6 to be in close contact with the upper adapter water collecting tank 8;
and 7: placing the pressure head 1 on the top of the upper water-permeable sheet 5, tightly wrapping the water-permeable sheet 5 and the pressure head 1 by using a part of the geomembrane 24 higher than the sample 25, then sleeving the confining pressure chamber shell 23 into the base 22, and tightly hooping by using the sealing ring 3, thus completing the installation of the sample 25;
and 8: setting programs according to environmental conditions of different rock samples, and providing confining pressure by using an oil pressure pump, wherein oil in the oil pressure pump enters a confining pressure chamber through an oil inlet hole 12;
and step 9: turning on a water supply switch, enabling water in the water tank to flow into the upper water permeable sheet 5 from the water inlet hole 2, pass through the upper rotary joint 4, the sample 25 and the lower rotary joint 15, and finally flow out of the water outlet hole 21; the water quantity and time passing through the sample are recorded by matched data acquisition equipment, and the permeability coefficient of the sample can be calculated.
Because the size of the non-standard sample may be larger than the standard size sample, the present invention is directed to non-standard samples that are smaller than the standard size.
Claims (10)
1. A size conversion device for a non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test is characterized in that: the size conversion device comprises an upper rotary joint (4) and a lower rotary joint (15), wherein the upper rotary joint (4) comprises an upper rotary joint nut (6), an upper rotary joint screw rod (7) and a buffer hoop (13), and the lower rotary joint (15) comprises a lower rotary joint nut (17), a lower rotary joint screw rod (16) and a buffer hoop (13);
the upper adapter (4) is positioned at the top end of the sample (25) and consists of an upper adapter nut (6), an upper adapter screw rod (7) and a buffer hoop ring (13), wherein the outer part of the upper adapter screw rod (7) is provided with threads (10) which can be screwed into the upper adapter nut (6);
the lower adapter (15) is positioned at the bottom end of the test sample (25) and consists of a lower adapter nut (17), a lower adapter screw (16) and a buffer hoop (13), wherein the outer part of the lower adapter screw (16) is provided with threads (10) which can be screwed into the lower adapter nut (17);
the buffer hoop (13) is positioned on the outer sides of the upper rotary joint screw rod (7) and the lower rotary joint screw rod (16) and has a certain thickness.
2. The size conversion device for the non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test according to claim 1, wherein: the upper rotary joint screw cap (6) is a stainless steel cylinder, the diameter of the upper rotary joint screw cap is consistent with that of a standard rock sample, an upper rotary joint water collecting tank (8) and an upper water seepage small hole (11) are arranged at the upper part of the upper rotary joint screw cap, a hollow transfer port (9) is arranged inside the upper rotary joint screw cap, threads (10) are arranged on the surface of the hollow transfer port (9), and an upper rotary joint screw (7) can be screwed in.
3. The size conversion device for the non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test according to claim 1, wherein: lower adapter nut (17) are the stainless steel cylinder, and the diameter is unanimous with standard rock sample, and its bottom is equipped with lower adapter distributive tank (19) and lower infiltration aperture (26), and inside is equipped with hollow switching mouth (9), and hollow switching mouth (9) surface is equipped with screw thread (10), can twist lower adapter screw rod (16).
4. The size conversion device for the non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test according to claim 1, wherein: the upper adapter screw (7) and the lower adapter screw (16) are both composed of two parts, and the part with threads (10) in the screws can be screwed into the adapter nut; the parts of the screw rods, which are in contact with the two ends of the sample, are provided with three sizes, and the corresponding screw rods can be selected according to the size of the taken non-standard rock sample; the bottom of the upper rotary joint screw rod (7) is provided with an upper rotary joint water diversion groove (14) and an upper water seepage small hole (11), and the top of the lower rotary joint screw rod (16) is provided with a lower rotary joint water collection groove (18) and a lower water seepage small hole (26).
5. The size conversion device for the non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test according to claim 2, wherein: go up rotary joint water catch bowl (8) and last infiltration aperture (11) and be located upper rotary joint nut (6) top with go up water-permeable piece (5) contact, outside rivers enter into upper rotary joint water catch bowl (14) through last infiltration aperture (11).
6. The size conversion device for the non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test according to claim 5, wherein: the upper rotary joint water diversion tank (14) is positioned at the bottom of the upper rotary joint screw (7) and is in direct contact with the top of the sample (25); in the test process, rivers get into through water injection hole (2) and go up water permeability piece (5), and rivers that follow water permeability piece (5) ooze are concentrated by upper adapter water catch bowl (8), then flow into upper adapter water catch bowl (14) through upper infiltration aperture (11), permeate sample (25) evenly at last.
7. The size conversion device for the non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test according to claim 4, wherein: the lower rotary joint water collecting tank (18) and the lower water seepage small hole (26) are located at the top of the lower rotary joint screw (16) and are in direct contact with the bottom of the sample (25), water flow seeped out of the sample (25) is collected by the lower rotary joint water collecting tank (18) firstly, and then enters the lower rotary joint water separating tank (19) through the lower water seepage small hole (26).
8. The size conversion device for the non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test according to claim 7, wherein: lower adapter waterslot (19) are located lower adapter nut (17) bottom, follow the rivers that ooze in sample (25), connect water catch bowl (18) and infiltration aperture (26) down under through, enter into lower adapter waterslot (19), through lower piece (20) of permeating water, flow out by apopore (21) at last.
9. The size conversion device for the penetration test of the nonstandard small-size rock sample by using any one of the devices in claim 1 ~ 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: selecting an adapter screw rod with a corresponding size according to the size of a sample determined before a test, and screwing a lower adapter screw rod (16) into a lower adapter nut (17) to form a complete lower adapter (15);
step 2, sleeving the geotechnical latex film into one end of the geotechnical latex film (24), and ensuring that the remaining length of the geotechnical latex film (24) at the end is about 3 cm;
and step 3: placing the processed sample (25) on the top end of the lower adapter screw rod (16) through the other end of the geotechnical emulsion film (24) to be in close contact with the lower adapter water collecting tank (18);
and 4, step 4: screwing an upper rotary joint screw rod (7) into an upper rotary joint screw cap (6) to form an upper rotary joint (4), and then sleeving the upper rotary joint screw rod into a geotechnical emulsion film (24) to enable an upper rotary joint water diversion trench (14) to be in close contact with the top of a test sample (25);
and 5: placing a lower water-permeable sheet (20) on a base (22), then integrally placing the assembled sample and the adapter on the lower water-permeable sheet (20), and sleeving the rest geotechnical emulsion film (24) into the base (22);
step 6: placing an upper water permeable sheet (5) on the top of an upper adapter nut (6) to be in close contact with an upper adapter water collecting tank (8);
and 7: placing the pressure head (1) on the top of the upper water permeable sheet (5), tightly wrapping the water permeable sheet (5) and the pressure head (1) by using a part of the geomolyme membrane (24) higher than the sample (25), then sleeving the confining pressure chamber shell (23) into the base (22), and tightly hooping by using the sealing ring (3), thus finishing the installation of the sample (25);
and 8: setting programs according to environmental conditions of different rock samples, and providing confining pressure by using an oil pressure pump, wherein oil in the oil pressure pump enters a confining pressure chamber through an oil inlet hole (12);
and step 9: the water supply switch is turned on, and water in the water tank flows into the upper water permeable sheet (5) from the water inlet hole (2), passes through the upper rotating joint (4), the sample (25) and the lower rotating joint (15), and finally flows out from the water outlet hole (21); the water quantity and time passing through the sample are recorded by matched data acquisition equipment, and the permeability coefficient of the sample can be calculated.
10. The size conversion device for the non-standard small-size rock sample penetration test according to claim 1 ~ 8 is characterized in that when the size of the permeable stone in the permeameter is not consistent with the size of the rock sample, the device can perform the penetration test on the non-standard-size rock sample, and meanwhile, the device can be adapted to the non-standard rock sample with different size by replacing the screw with different size so as to meet the penetration requirement of various non-standard-size samples, especially the sample with smaller size than the standard size.
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| CN201910950118.3A CN110608988B (en) | 2019-10-08 | 2019-10-08 | Size conversion device for nonstandard small-size rock sample penetration test |
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| CN201910950118.3A CN110608988B (en) | 2019-10-08 | 2019-10-08 | Size conversion device for nonstandard small-size rock sample penetration test |
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| CN110608988B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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