CN110608206A - Ejector of quick ejection inflation system for passenger escape - Google Patents
Ejector of quick ejection inflation system for passenger escape Download PDFInfo
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- CN110608206A CN110608206A CN201810621600.8A CN201810621600A CN110608206A CN 110608206 A CN110608206 A CN 110608206A CN 201810621600 A CN201810621600 A CN 201810621600A CN 110608206 A CN110608206 A CN 110608206A
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- air
- pressure
- injection
- injector
- nozzles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
- F04F5/466—Arrangements of nozzles with a plurality of nozzles arranged in parallel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an ejector for an ejection inflation system, which comprises: inhale room, mixing chamber and draw and penetrate the portion, it includes to draw the portion: the high-pressure air-entraining pipe is connected with a high-pressure air source; the air-entraining component is communicated with the high-pressure air-entraining pipe and is arranged in the suction chamber or the mixing chamber, and the plurality of injection nozzles are arranged on the air-entraining component; the air from the high-pressure air source is sprayed into the mixing chamber through the high-pressure air-guiding pipe, the air-guiding part and the injection nozzle, and mixed with the ambient air sucked from the atmosphere opening end of the suction chamber in the mixing chamber and then enters the inflation volume, so that the inflation volume reaches the pressure range for lifesaving. The device can rapidly inject and inflate when a crisis occurs, so that the passenger can be helped to escape as soon as possible after the inflation volume reaches the pressure range for lifesaving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aviation, navigation and fire emergency escape, and particularly relates to an ejector of a passenger escape rapid injection inflation system.
Background
The rapid ejecting and inflating system for passenger escape is composed of a high-pressure gas source (such as a gas cylinder filled with high-pressure gas), a high-pressure reducing and stabilizing valve, a high-pressure ejector, a high-pressure air-bleed pipeline and the like, and is shown in figure 1. The eductor structure is shown in fig. 2, wherein the nozzle may preferably take the form of both an expanding nozzle and a laval nozzle. High pressure N is arranged in the high pressure air source 102With CO2The mixed working medium, the high-pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 20 reduces the pressure of the mixed working medium to the pressure required by injection, the mixed working medium flows into the injector 40, and a large amount of ambient air is sucked to enter an inflation volume (not shown) together for rapid injection and inflation, so that the inflation time is shortened, and the escape of passengers is facilitated as soon as possible. The flow rate of the mixed working medium is injection flow rate, the flow rate of the sucked ambient atmosphere is suction flow rate, and the ratio of the suction flow rate to the injection flow rate is injection ratio.
The passenger escape rapid injection inflation system needs to enable the inflation volume to reach the required pressure in the shortest possible time, so that the system is required to have large injection flow and high injection ratio, and meanwhile, the volume and the weight of the system cannot be too large. Parameters such as mixed working medium components, filling quality, injection pressure, a high-pressure injector structure and the like in the high-pressure gas source have great influence on the performance required by the system, and the parameters need to be reasonably designed and determined so as to facilitate the wide application of the rapid injection inflation system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an ejector for an ejector inflation system, wherein the ejector includes: inhale room, mixing chamber and draw and penetrate the portion, it includes to draw the portion: the high-pressure air-entraining pipe is connected with a high-pressure air source; the air-entraining component is communicated with the high-pressure air-entraining pipe and is arranged in the suction chamber or the mixing chamber, and the plurality of injection nozzles are arranged on the air-entraining component; the air from the high-pressure air source is sprayed into the mixing chamber through the high-pressure air-guiding pipe, the air-guiding part and the injection nozzle, and mixed with the ambient air sucked from the atmosphere opening end of the suction chamber in the mixing chamber and then enters the inflation volume, so that the inflation volume reaches the pressure range for lifesaving.
In the above ejector, preferably: the high-pressure bleed air pipe is fixed to the suction chamber, and the bleed air member is fixed to the high-pressure bleed air pipe.
In the above ejector, preferably: the air-entraining part is an air-entraining ring with an annular structure.
In the above ejector, preferably: the air-entraining ring comprises an inner air-entraining ring and an outer air-entraining ring, the inner air-entraining ring and the outer air-entraining ring are both communicated with the high-pressure air-entraining pipe, the inner air-entraining ring is provided with a plurality of injection nozzles, and the outer air-entraining ring is provided with a plurality of injection nozzles.
In the above ejector, preferably: the high-pressure bleed pipe is characterized in that a plurality of injection nozzles arranged on the inner bleed ring are uniformly distributed on two sides of the high-pressure bleed pipe, and a plurality of injection nozzles arranged on the outer bleed ring are uniformly distributed on two sides of the high-pressure bleed pipe.
In the above ejector, preferably: the plurality of injection nozzles on the inner air entraining ring and positioned on the same side of the high-pressure air entraining pipe are uniformly distributed within the range of a circle center angle of 180-2 alpha, the plurality of injection nozzles on the outer air entraining ring and positioned on the same side of the high-pressure air entraining pipe are uniformly distributed within the range of a circle center angle of 180-2 beta, and alpha and beta represent the angles of the injection nozzles close to the high-pressure air entraining pipe relative to the axis of the high-pressure air entraining pipe.
In the above ejector, preferably: alpha is more than 0 degree and less than 30 degrees; beta is 10-15 degrees.
In the above ejector, preferably: alpha is 26-27.5 degrees; beta-degree is 10-15 degrees.
In the above ejector, preferably: the inner gas guiding ring is provided with 6 injection nozzles, and the outer gas guiding ring is provided with 12 injection nozzles.
In the above ejector, preferably: the diameter of the mixing chamber is D, the diameter of the central line of the inner air guide ring is D, the distance between the central lines of the inner air guide ring and the outer air guide ring is delta,
in the above ejector, preferably: the air-entraining component is a transition cavity, and an air channel for guiding air from the high-pressure air pipe to a plurality of injection nozzles arranged in the transition cavity is arranged in the transition cavity.
In the above ejector, preferably: the transition cavity is provided with a plurality of injection nozzles, the plurality of injection nozzles are arranged into an inner central circle and an outer central circle, the inner central circle is provided with a plurality of nozzles, and the outer central circle is provided with a plurality of nozzles.
In the above ejector, preferably: the inner center circle is uniformly distributed with a plurality of nozzles, the outer center circle is uniformly distributed with a plurality of nozzles, the distance between the inner center circle and the outer center circle is delta, the inner diameter D of the mixing chamber is as follows:
in the above ejector, preferably: the nozzles arranged on the inner center circle and one of the nozzles arranged on the outer center circle are positioned on the same radius line starting from the centers of the inner and outer center circles.
In the above ejector, preferably: the injection nozzle is a Laval nozzle, and the diameter D1 of the inlet of the Laval nozzle is 2.5-3.5 mm; the outlet diameter D2 of the Laval nozzle is 2.5 mm-3.5 mm.
In the above ejector, preferably: d1 ═ D2.
In the above ejector, preferably: the injection nozzle is a Laval nozzle, and the diameter D3 of the throat part of the Laval nozzle is 1.7 mm-2.0 mm.
In the above ejector, preferably: the diameter Dh of the mixing chamber is within 80-100 mm; the total length Lh of the mixing chamber is in a relationship of Lh to Dh of 2.2Dh to 3.0 Dh.
Through experimental verification, if the air entraining ring with the structure is used for the ejection inflation system for emergency escape, the purpose of quick inflation can be realized, even the ejection ratio in the ejection process can reach more than 2.5, and the air bag for emergency escape can be quickly filled with air.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a passenger escape rapid injection inflation system.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a high-pressure ejector.
FIG. 3 shows N in a mixed working fluid2Graph of the effect of content on aeration performance.
FIG. 4 is a layout view of an 18-nozzle eductor nozzle with an air ring.
Fig. 5 is a layout of an 18-nozzle eductor nozzle.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a Laval nozzle configuration.
The reference numerals in the figures are explained below:
10, a high-pressure gas source; 20 high-pressure reducing and stabilizing valve; 30 high pressure bleed air conduit; 35 high-pressure bleed air pipes; 40, an ejector; 50 injecting an inflow port; 60 a mixing chamber; 70 a suction chamber; 75 a transition chamber; 80 injection nozzle; 350 closed end of high pressure bleed air pipe; 553 an inner lead ring; 557 outer gas ring; the diameter of the Dh mixing chamber; lh mixing chamber total length.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. For the electrical and communication fields, either a wired connection or a wireless connection is possible. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides an ejector of a passenger escape rapid ejection inflation system.
1. High-pressure gas source N2With CO2Determination of the composition of a mixed working fluid
The high-pressure gas source has limited volume and is stored in the high-pressure gas cylinder in a high-pressure form, and the quick injection inflation system can only utilize limited mixed working medium to suck ambient air as much as possible in a short time, so that the quality of gas flowing into the inflation volume in the injection stage is improved. Therefore, the parameter design should improve the injection flow and injection ratio as much as possible.
The inventor finds that the working medium of the high-pressure gas source is made of pure N2Gradually increasing CO2In the process of content, the mixed working medium N is added2The mass fraction is reduced, the injection flow of the system is gradually increased, the change of the injection flow is not obvious, and the injection ratio is gradually reduced. In this respect, N is present in the mixed working fluid2The high content is beneficial to quick aeration because the injection ratio is high under the condition, which shows that the injection efficiency is high, and more ambient air can be sucked by the limited mixed working medium quality. However, when N is present in the pressurized gas source2When the content is very high, the mass of the working medium stored in the air source under the same volume and pressure is very small, in the injection process, along with the consumption of the working medium of the air source, the pressure of the residual working medium in the air source is very quickly reduced, the injection inflation time is greatly shortened, and the injection inflation process is too short, so that the ambient air quantity sucked into the inflation volume in the injection process is reduced, the inflation pressure cannot be reached, and the safety escape opportunity of passengers is reduced. Therefore, the CO in the mixed working medium is properly increased2The content can effectively increase the quality of working medium in a high-pressure air source, maintain the pressure of the air source in the injection process, prolong the injection process, so that enough ambient air is sucked, the pressure required by the inflation volume is met, and passengers can escape safely. Of course, the CO in the working medium is mixed along with the high-pressure gas source2The content is increased, the quality of the gas source filling working medium is increased quickly, and the weight of the quick injection and inflation system is increased and is not beneficial to the system.
N in high-pressure gas source working medium2The relationship between the mass fraction of (c), the injection ratio and the mass of the mixture (the charged volume) is shown in fig. 3.
According to the graph 3, the components of the mixed working medium need to be reasonably determined, the requirement of the inflation volume of the system is firstly ensured, the injection ratio of the injector is improved as much as possible under the condition, and meanwhile, the total mass of the gas source mixed working medium is reduced. As can be seen from FIG. 3, when N is contained in the gas mixture2When the mass fraction is less than about 0.4, the mass of the mixed gas increases very rapidly, and N is2The content is continuously reduced, the injection efficiency is obviously lower, and the method is not favorable for fully utilizing the working medium in the gas source.
Therefore, the invention selects CO2And N2The mixed gas is used as a mixed working medium for a charging high-pressure gas source, and CO is mixed according to the research of the inventor2And N2N in mixed working media2Is determined to be in the range of 0.4 to 0.7 (i.e., N)2The mass fraction of (b) is 40% to 70%), for example, 0.45, 0.48, 0.50, 0.53, 0.55, 0.57, 0.60, 0.62, 0.65, 0.68, etc.
In addition, CO in the high-pressure gas cylinder2And N2The mixed gas (2) is present in a pressure range of 2MPa to 5MPa, and may be, for example, 2.2MPa, 2.4MPa, 2.6MPa, 3MPa, 3.3MPa, 3.6MPa, 3.9MPa, 4.0MPa, 4.1MPa, 4.4MPa, 4.6MPa, 4.8MPa or the like.
The high-pressure gas cylinder for storing the mixed working medium can be made of any material which can bear the pressure and can not react with any gas in the mixed working medium.
2. Injection pressure
For a rapid injection and inflation system, the injection pressure is very high, the ratio of the injection pressure to the system back pressure is far greater than 10, and the outlet of the nozzle is supersonic airflow. Under the condition, the injection pressure is improved, the injection flow can be increased proportionally, the injection ratio is reduced, and the injection efficiency is low, so that the gas source working medium is not utilized fully. On the other hand, if the injection pressure is too low, too low mixing flow rate is caused by low injection flow rate, and the aeration requirement cannot be met. Therefore, the injection pressure setting is very important, and the reasonable setting of the pressure can also enable the system to achieve the requirement of quick and efficient inflation. In order to ensure the injection efficiency of the system, the total pressure absolute pressure at an injection flow inlet of the Laval nozzle injector is preferably not more than 3.4 MPa; for the expanding nozzle ejector, the total pressure absolute pressure of the ejector flow inlet is preferably not more than 3.8 MPa.
That is, the pressure of the gas from the high-pressure reducing and pressure stabilizing valve in fig. 1 can be selected to be different according to the type of the nozzle.
3. Ejector structure
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ejector for an ejector aeration system developed by the inventor of the present invention includes: inhale room 70, mixing chamber 60, and set up in inhale the portion of drawing in the room 70, should draw the portion of drawing to include: a high pressure bleed air pipe 35 connected to a high pressure air source; an air-entraining member which is communicated with the high-pressure air-entraining pipe 35 and is disposed in the suction chamber, and a plurality of injection nozzles 80 which are installed on the air-entraining member;
after the pressure of the gas from the high-pressure gas source 10 is reduced to a specified pressure through the high-pressure reducing and stabilizing valve, the gas enters an injection flow inlet of the high-pressure gas guide pipe 35 through one or more high-pressure gas guide pipelines 30 and is then injected into the mixing chamber 60 through the gas guide part and the injection nozzle 80, when the high-pressure gas enters the injector, a large amount of ambient atmosphere is sucked from an atmosphere opening end of the suction chamber 70 to form a suction flow, and then the high-pressure gas enters the mixing chamber 60 to be mixed with the high-pressure gas from the injection part to form a mixed flow, and then the mixed flow jointly enters an inflation volume (such as a life-saving airbag) to be rapidly injected and inflated, so that the inflation volume reaches a pressure range for life saving and helps passengers.
The high-pressure bleed air duct 35 can be fixed to the suction chamber 70, the bleed air members can be fixed to the high-pressure bleed air duct 35, and they can also be placed directly in the suction chamber 70 as required.
As a specific embodiment of the air suction member, either of the following two configurations may be adopted.
3.1 embodiment one (annular bleed ring as bleed part)
The bleed member may be a bleed ring communicating with the high-pressure bleed pipe 35, and the bleed ring is provided with a plurality of openings for mounting the injection nozzles 80. As the air introducing ring, only one air introducing ring on which the plurality of injection nozzles 80 are arranged may be provided, or a plurality of air introducing rings respectively provided with the plurality of injection nozzles 80 may be included, such as an inner air introducing ring 553 and an outer air introducing ring 557, where the inner air introducing ring 553 and the outer air introducing ring 557 are both communicated with the high-pressure air introducing pipe 35.
The inner guide ring 553 may communicate with the high pressure guide pipe 35 at one point or at two points, and when two points communicate with each other, it is preferable to communicate with the inner guide ring along the diameter direction of the inner guide ring.
Similarly, the outer bleed ring 557 may be in communication with the high-pressure bleed pipe 35 by one or two locations, and when the two locations are in communication, it is preferably in communication with the outer bleed ring along the diameter direction of the outer bleed ring.
The closed end 350 of the high-pressure bleed air duct may be disposed on a wall of the suction chamber, may be disposed on a wall of the bleed air ring (or an outer bleed air ring wall when there is an inner bleed air ring), or may be disposed between the bleed air ring wall and the wall of the suction chamber.
As shown in fig. 2, the suction chamber 70 is formed of two sections: a frustum-shaped first section and a cylindrical second section, wherein the large-diameter end (open end facing the atmosphere) of the first section is the ambient atmosphere open end of the suction chamber and is the inflow end of the suction air stream, and the small-diameter end of the first section is the end connected to the second section.
As the distribution mode of the injection nozzles 80 on the bleed ring, a plurality of injection nozzles 80 can be uniformly distributed on the whole injection ring, or can be uniformly distributed in a certain angle range on both sides of a certain diameter line of the bleed ring, and in the certain angle range, the high-pressure bleed pipe 35 can be uniformly distributed or distributed based on other required distributions along the diameter line.
Number and arrangement of nozzles of ejector
The quantity of the nozzles of the ejector is related to the size of a mixing chamber of the ejector, the size of the mixing chamber changes along with the inflation volume of the rapid ejection inflation system, the ejection flow and the mixing flow are required to be high when the inflation volume is large, and the mixing chamber of the ejector is relatively large correspondingly. For the same ejector mixing chamber, the number and the arrangement of the nozzles have obvious influence on the ejection efficiency. In order to ensure the high injection efficiency of the system, the number of the nozzles cannot be too small or too large, and for a certain number of the nozzles, the nozzles should be arranged at proper positions, and the arrangement positions are changed along with the number of the nozzles.
For the mixing chamber diameter range of 80 ~ 100mm, the preferred quantity of drawing nozzle sets up 18, draws the nozzle and for the overall arrangement position analysis in mixing chamber space as follows.
As shown in figure 4, the inner and outer air-guiding rings are arranged in the air-guiding chamber of the ejector, wherein 18 injection nozzles are arranged on the air-guiding rings, that is, 18 nozzles are arranged on the air-guiding ringsThe opening for installing the injection nozzle and the high-pressure mixed working medium (any high-pressure gas which can meet the requirements of inflation and life saving, preferably CO)2And N2Mixed gas) is guided by the high-pressure bleed pipe 35 to reach the inner bleed ring and the outer bleed ring, and then enters the 18 injection nozzles through the bleed rings to be injected into the mixing chamber, and low-pressure air in the environment is injected and sucked into the suction chamber along the axial direction of the mixing chamber while high-pressure mixed working medium is injected into the mixing chamber, and then enters the mixing chamber.
As an arrangement manner of the 18 injection nozzles, as shown in fig. 4, 12 injection nozzles may be arranged on the outer air guide ring, 6 injection nozzles are arranged on the inner air guide ring, and as a relationship between the air guide ring and the injection nozzles, an opening for installing the injection nozzles may be provided on the air guide ring, or the injection nozzles and the air guide ring may be integrated, and specifically, the former may be selected according to actual needs, and the former is generally preferred.
12 injection nozzles (namely openings for installing the nozzles) arranged on the outer air guide ring are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the pipe axis of the high-pressure air guide pipe, the angle of the nozzles close to the air guide pipe relative to the pipe axis of the high-pressure air guide pipe 35 is represented by beta, and 6 nozzles at each side are uniformly distributed within the angle range of 180-2 beta. The 6 nozzles (or openings for mounting the nozzles) arranged on the inner bleed ring are also arranged symmetrically on both sides of the tube axis of the high-pressure bleed duct 35, the angle of the nozzles close to the bleed duct with respect to the tube axis being denoted by α, and the 3 nozzles on each side being evenly distributed over an angle of 180 ° -2 α. Assuming a mixing chamber diameter D and an inner gas ring centerline diameter D, the inner and outer gas ring centerlines are separated by δ. The nozzle arrangement positions in fig. 4 preferably satisfy the following relationship:
alpha is less than 30 degrees, such as 10 degrees, 12 degrees, 15 degrees, 18 degrees, 20 degrees, 22 degrees, 25 degrees, 26.5 degrees, 27 degrees, 28 degrees, 28.5 degrees, 29 degrees, 29.5 degrees and the like, preferably 26 degrees to 27.5 degrees; β is 10 to 15 °, for example, 11 °, 11.5 °, 12 °, 12.5 °, 13 °, 13.5 °, 14 °, 14.5 °, or the like.
According to experimental verification, if the ejector with the structure is adopted, the ejection ratio in the ejection process can reach more than 2.5, and the requirement of quick inflation is met.
3.2 second embodiment (truncated cone shaped transition chamber as air-entraining member)
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, as an example of an ejector for an ejector aeration system developed by the inventor of the present invention, the ejector includes: the high-pressure air guide pipe 35 is connected with the high-pressure air source 10, the suction chamber (not shown), the mixing chamber 60 and a transition chamber 75 arranged in the suction chamber, a high-pressure gas channel is arranged in the transition chamber 75, a plurality of injection nozzles 80 are also arranged on the transition chamber 75, and the injection nozzles 80 are communicated with the high-pressure gas channel in the transition chamber; the high-pressure bleed pipe 35 is communicated with the transition cavity and further communicated with the high-pressure gas channel;
specifically, after the gas (such as the mixed working medium mentioned above) from the high-pressure gas source 10 is reduced to a specified pressure by the high-pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 20, the gas is introduced to the injection flow inlet of the high-pressure gas introducing pipe 35 through one or more high-pressure gas introducing pipes 30, and then is injected into the mixing chamber through the injection nozzle 80 communicated with the high-pressure gas passage (also called as an inner chamber) arranged in the transition chamber 75, when the high-pressure gas enters the injector, a large amount of ambient atmosphere is sucked from the atmosphere open end of the suction chamber and enters the mixing chamber 60 to be mixed with the high-pressure gas, and then the ambient atmosphere and the high-pressure gas jointly enter the inflation volume (such as a lifesaving airbag) to be rapidly injected and inflated, so that the inflation volume reaches the pressure range for lifesaving.
The transition cavity may be a circular truncated cone disposed in the suction chamber, or may be any other shape capable of performing the function of delivering the high-pressure gas, the high-pressure bleed air pipe is connected to the transition cavity, and each nozzle is connected to the transition cavity through a pipe or directly mounted on the transition cavity (as shown in fig. 5, radially viewed along the axial direction), which may be determined according to the space requirement and the actual situation of the suction chamber. Thus, the circulation of the injection flow through the high-pressure air guide pipe → the injection nozzle is realized.
The high-pressure gas source 10 may be a high-pressure gas containing inflation gas for life savingThe bottle, as a life-saving inflation gas, may be conventional N2Or N mixed in a certain proportion2And CO2。
Therefore, the invention selects CO2And N2The mixed gas is used as a mixed working medium, and CO is mixed2And N2N in mixed working media2Is determined to be in the range of 0.4 to 0.7 (i.e., N)2The mass fraction of (b) is 40% to 70%), for example, 0.45, 0.48, 0.50, 0.53, 0.55, 0.57, 0.60, 0.62, 0.65, 0.68, etc.
In addition, CO in the high-pressure gas cylinder2And N2The mixed gas is present in a pressure range of 2MPa to 5MPa, and may be, for example, 2.2MPa, 2.4MPa, 2.6MPa, 3MPa, 3.3MPa, 3.6MPa, 3.9MPa, 4.0MPa, 4.1MPa, 4.4MPa, 4.6MPa, 4.8MPa, or the like.
The high-pressure gas cylinder for storing the mixed working medium can be made of any material which can bear the pressure and can not react with any gas in the mixed working medium.
High-pressure gas source no matter N2Or N2With CO2The mixed gas of the gas is stored in a high-pressure gas cylinder in a high-pressure form (2 MPa-5 MPa), and when necessary, the injector of the rapid injection inflation system can be used for sucking the ambient air as much as possible in a short time by using the limited mixed working medium stored in the high-pressure gas cylinder, so that the quality of the gas flowing into the inflation volume in the injection stage is improved, and the purpose of rapid inflation and life saving is achieved.
Fig. 5 is a top view of an example of the eductor part described above, showing a plurality of nozzles 80 disposed in the transition chamber 75 within the suction chamber, the plurality of nozzles 80 communicating with a high pressure gas passage provided in the transition chamber 75, the high pressure gas passage in the transition chamber communicating with the high pressure bleed air duct 35.
However, the nozzles are divided into two parts which are configured into an inner central circle and an outer central circle, the nozzles of the first part are uniformly distributed on the inner central circle, the nozzles of the second part are uniformly distributed on the outer central circle, and high-pressure gas such as high-pressure mixed working medium from a high-pressure gas cylinder enters the transition cavity through the high-pressure gas guide pipe and then enters the injection nozzle through the high-pressure gas channel.
The layout position of the nozzles with respect to the mixing chamber space will be described below by taking the case where the mixing chamber has a diameter in the range of 80 to 100mm and the number of nozzles is 18, as a plan view structural view shown in fig. 5.
As can be seen from the figure, the 18 nozzles are divided into two parts, the first part is 6 nozzles located at the inner circle, and the second part is 12 nozzles located at the outer circle. The first part of 6 nozzles is distributed uniformly over an inner centre circle D of diameter D and the second part of 12 nozzles is distributed uniformly over an outer centre circle, the inner and outer centre circles being at a distance δ in top view and the mixing chamber inner diameter being indicated by D, relative to the mixing chamber space. The ejector nozzle layout range shown in fig. 5 can achieve the effect of rapid ejection and inflation only by meeting the following conditions:
and the sum of the two satisfies:
according to experimental verification, if the ejector with the structure is adopted, the ejection ratio in the ejection process can reach more than 2.5. The purpose of quick inflation is realized.
4 Laval nozzle size
As the injection nozzle, a laval nozzle or an expansion nozzle may be used. The requirements for the nozzle structure will be described below by taking a laval nozzle as an example. The Laval nozzle is constructed as shown in FIG. 6, with the inlet, throat and outlet diameters D1, D2, D3, respectively, and the outlet diameter D3 cannot be smaller than the throat diameter D2. The diameter change of the inlet and the outlet of the nozzle can obviously influence the injection flow and the injection efficiency. The large injection flow and the high injection efficiency can fully utilize the high-pressure working medium of the air source to improve the inflation volume, shorten the inflation time and realize quick inflation.
The diameter of the nozzle inlet can adjust the injection flow in a certain range, but the influence on the injection efficiency is not obvious, the injection flow is improved along with the increase of the diameter of the inlet, the injection flow is not increased after the diameter of the nozzle is increased to a certain value, the diameter of the inlet reaches the optimal state, and the injector can obtain higher injection flow under certain injection pressure.
The diameter of the nozzle outlet changes the injection efficiency within a certain range, the injection flow is not obviously affected, the injection efficiency is obviously improved along with the increase of the diameter of the nozzle outlet, the injection efficiency is not improved any more after the diameter of the nozzle outlet is increased to a certain value, the maximum value is reached, and the diameter of the nozzle outlet reaches the optimal state at the moment. Therefore, the diameter of the outlet has the maximum value, and the ejector is in a high-efficiency working state in the state.
The optimal values of the nozzle inlet and outlet diameters are determined by using CFD analysis software (a commercial software) according to the overall structure of the ejector. The method for determining the maximum nozzle inlet diameter comprises the following steps: parameterizing the nozzle inlet diameter D1 in simulation software, modifying the size numerical value, keeping the rest sizes constant, performing simulation analysis, and determining the optimal inlet diameter according to the maximum jet flow; similarly, parameterizing the nozzle outlet diameter D3 in simulation software, modifying the size value, keeping the rest sizes unchanged, performing simulation analysis, and determining the optimal outlet diameter according to the maximum injection ratio.
For the 18-nozzle ejector, when the diameter of the mixing chamber is within the range of 80-100mm, the inlet diameter D1 of the Laval nozzle is within the range of 2.5-3.5 mm, the throat diameter D2 is within the range of 1.7-2.0 mm, and the outlet diameter D3 is within the range of 2.5-3.5 mm. D1, D2, and D3 satisfy the following relationships:
D1＝D3
when the diameter of the mixing chamber is about 100mm, the optimal value of the diameter of the inlet and the outlet of the nozzle is 3.5mm when D1 is D3 which is approximately equal to 2. D2.
5. Length to diameter ratio of mixing chamber
In addition, the size structure of the mixing chamber has certain influence on the injection efficiency and the air suction flow. One important parameter is the length to diameter ratio of the mixing chamber of the eductor.
As shown in fig. 2, the mixing chamber 2 includes a first section of constant cross-sectional size and a second section of variable cross-sectional size, wherein the first section is connected to the suction chamber at one end, receives the high-pressure working medium gas or N2 from the injection nozzle and the ambient atmospheric gas sucked from the suction chamber 70, and is connected to the small-caliber end of the second section at the other end, and the second section becomes larger in diameter as it is farther from the small-caliber end, and guides the mixed gas flow into the life-saving inflation volume such as an airbag. The total length of the first section and the second section is Lh, and the length-diameter ratio of the mixing chamber of the ejector is the ratio of the total length Lh of the mixing chamber to the diameter Dh of the constant-section of the mixing chamber.
The influence trend of the mixing chamber length-diameter ratio on the injection performance is changed. When the length-diameter ratio is small, the same high-pressure working medium has low air suction flow and low injection efficiency; along with the increase of the length-diameter ratio, the injection efficiency is gradually increased, but when the length-diameter ratio exceeds 3, the injection ratio is not obviously improved, and the injection ratio is reduced by continuously increasing the length-diameter ratio. The length-diameter ratio of the ejector cannot be too small or too large, otherwise, the ejector volume and weight are too large except possibly reducing the ejection efficiency.
In general, the aspect ratio of the mixing chamber in the present invention is 2.2 to 3.0, and may be, for example, 2.35, 2.45, 2.60, 2.75, or 2.90.
6. Area ratio of mixing chamber
In addition, the inventor of the present application has found that the area of the mixing chamber of the ejector also has some influence on the ejection efficiency and the suction flow. One important parameter is the area ratio of the mixing chamber of the eductor
The area ratio of the mixing chamber of the ejector is the ratio of the flow area of the equal section of the mixing chamber to the minimum total flow area of the nozzle. The minimum total flow area is: the sectional area of the narrowest position of the nozzle x the number of nozzles.
Under the condition of reasonable nozzle layout, the injection efficiency of the rapid injection inflation system can be effectively improved by reasonably designing the area ratio of the mixing chamber. When the area ratio is very small, the same high-pressure working medium has low air suction flow and low injection efficiency; the injection efficiency is gradually increased along with the increase of the area ratio; however, when the area ratio is increased to a certain range, the injection ratio is not changed greatly, and the injection ratio is reduced by continuously increasing the area ratio. Therefore, when the ejector ratio is not greatly changed, the area ratio should be reduced as much as possible to reduce the volume and weight of the ejector.
By comprehensive consideration, the area ratio of the mixing chamber is 130-190, so that the volume and the weight of the ejector can be reduced under the condition of not reducing the ejection efficiency.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (18)
1. An ejector for an ejection inflation system is characterized in that,
the ejector includes: a suction chamber, a mixing chamber and an injection part,
the portion of drawing includes:
the high-pressure air-entraining pipe is connected with a high-pressure air source;
the air-entraining component is communicated with the high-pressure air-entraining pipe and is arranged in the suction chamber or the mixing chamber, and the plurality of injection nozzles are arranged on the air-entraining component;
the air from the high-pressure air source is sprayed into the mixing chamber through the high-pressure air-guiding pipe, the air-guiding part and the injection nozzle, and mixed with the ambient air sucked from the atmosphere opening end of the suction chamber in the mixing chamber and then enters the inflation volume, so that the inflation volume reaches the pressure range for lifesaving.
2. The injector as claimed in claim 1,
the high-pressure bleed air pipe is fixed to the suction chamber,
the air-entraining component is fixed on the high-pressure air-entraining pipe.
3. The injector as claimed in claim 1,
the air-entraining part is an air-entraining ring with an annular structure.
4. The injector as claimed in claim 3,
the air-entraining rings comprise an inner air-entraining ring and an outer air-entraining ring,
the inner air guiding ring and the outer air guiding ring are both communicated with the high-pressure air guiding pipe,
the inner air guiding ring is provided with a plurality of injection nozzles,
and the outer gas guide ring is provided with a plurality of injection nozzles.
5. The injector as claimed in claim 4,
a plurality of injection nozzles arranged on the inner air guide ring are uniformly distributed on two sides of the high-pressure air guide pipe,
and a plurality of injection nozzles arranged on the outer air guide ring are uniformly distributed on two sides of the high-pressure air guide pipe.
6. The injector as claimed in claim 5,
a plurality of injection nozzles which are positioned on the same side of the high-pressure air guide pipe on the inner air guide ring are uniformly distributed within the range of the angle of the circle center of 180-2 alpha,
a plurality of injection nozzles which are positioned on the same side of the high-pressure bleed air pipe on the outer bleed air ring are uniformly distributed within the range of the angle of the circle center of 180-2 beta,
alpha and beta denote the angle of the ejector nozzle close to the high-pressure bleed air duct relative to the axis of the high-pressure bleed air duct.
7. The injector as claimed in claim 6,
α＜30°；β＝10～15°。
8. the injector as claimed in claim 6,
α＝26°～27.5°；β°＝10～15°。
9. the injector as claimed in claim 4,
the inner air-guiding ring is provided with 6 injection nozzles,
and 12 injection nozzles are arranged on the outer gas guide ring.
10. The injector as claimed in claim 4,
the diameter of the mixing chamber is D, the diameter of the central line of the inner air guide ring is D, the distance between the central lines of the inner air guide ring and the outer air guide ring is delta,
11. the injector as claimed in claim 1,
the air-entraining component is a transition cavity, and an air channel for guiding air from the high-pressure air pipe to a plurality of injection nozzles arranged in the transition cavity is arranged in the transition cavity.
12. The injector as claimed in claim 11,
the transition cavity is provided with a plurality of injection nozzles, the plurality of injection nozzles are arranged into an inner central circle and an outer central circle, the inner central circle is provided with a plurality of nozzles, and the outer central circle is provided with a plurality of nozzles.
13. The injector as claimed in claim 12,
the inner center circle is provided with a plurality of nozzles which are evenly distributed, the outer center circle is provided with a plurality of nozzles which are evenly distributed,
the relationship between the distance delta between the inner center circle and the outer center circle, the inner diameter D of the mixing chamber and the diameter D of the inner center circle is as follows:
14. the injector as claimed in claim 13,
the nozzles arranged on the inner center circle and one of the nozzles arranged on the outer center circle are positioned on the same radius line starting from the centers of the inner and outer center circles.
15. The injector as claimed in claim 1,
the injection nozzle is a Laval nozzle,
the inlet diameter D1 of the Laval nozzle is 2.5 mm-3.5 mm;
the outlet diameter D2 of the Laval nozzle is 2.5 mm-3.5 mm.
16. The injector as claimed in claim 15,
D1＝D2。
17. the injector as claimed in claim 1,
the injection nozzle is a Laval nozzle,
the throat diameter D3 of the Laval nozzle is 1.7 mm-2.0 mm.
18. The injector as claimed in claim 1,
the diameter Dh of the mixing chamber is within 80-100 mm; the total length Lh of the mixing chamber is in a relationship of Lh to Dh of 2.2Dh to 3.0 Dh.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810621600.8A CN110608206A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Ejector of quick ejection inflation system for passenger escape |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810621600.8A CN110608206A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Ejector of quick ejection inflation system for passenger escape |
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| CN110608206A true CN110608206A (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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| CN201810621600.8A Pending CN110608206A (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Ejector of quick ejection inflation system for passenger escape |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111301628A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-19 | 大连海事大学 | Anti-tilting air bag device with gas ejector for ship |
| CN111911465A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-11-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Distributed binary spray pipe ejector device |
| CN111929043A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-11-13 | 北京光徽德润航空技术有限公司 | Performance test system and method for aircraft ejector |
| CN113153832A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-07-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Multi-nozzle composite ejector |
| CN116538156A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-08-04 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Spatially distributed circular seam injector device |
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2018
- 2018-06-15 CN CN201810621600.8A patent/CN110608206A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111301628A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-19 | 大连海事大学 | Anti-tilting air bag device with gas ejector for ship |
| CN111929043A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-11-13 | 北京光徽德润航空技术有限公司 | Performance test system and method for aircraft ejector |
| CN111911465A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-11-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Distributed binary spray pipe ejector device |
| CN111911465B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2022-04-26 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Distributed binary spray pipe ejector device |
| CN113153832A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-07-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Multi-nozzle composite ejector |
| CN116538156A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-08-04 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Spatially distributed circular seam injector device |
| CN116538156B (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-09-22 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Spatially distributed circular seam injector device |
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