CN110607440B - In-situ leaching method for ionic rare earth ore - Google Patents

In-situ leaching method for ionic rare earth ore Download PDF

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CN110607440B
CN110607440B CN201910973152.2A CN201910973152A CN110607440B CN 110607440 B CN110607440 B CN 110607440B CN 201910973152 A CN201910973152 A CN 201910973152A CN 110607440 B CN110607440 B CN 110607440B
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rare earth
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CN110607440A (en
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张新光
胡振光
韦世强
谭海翔
郭怀兵
甘培原
姚骥
朱和玲
梁超杰
计策
杨鹏喜
廖思源
莫裕杏
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Hezhou Rare Earth Mining Co ltd
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Chinalco Guangxi Nonferrous Rare Earth Development Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/06Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
    • C22B3/08Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/22Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means, or by thermal decomposition
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B59/00Obtaining rare earth metals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ leaching method of ionic rare earth ore, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing an ore leaching agent: crushing dolomite, mixing the crushed dolomite with sulfuric acid to prepare slurry A, and mixing the slurry A with an auxiliary agent to obtain an ore leaching agent; (2) in-situ leaching: injecting an ore leaching agent into the injection point, and collecting leachate; (3) removing impurities from the rare earth leachate: adding sodium bicarbonate solution into the leaching solution, and filtering to remove precipitate to obtain filtrate; (4) rare earth extraction: adding a rare earth adsorbent into the filtrate, stirring, standing and filtering to obtain a solid; then soaking and desorbing the solid nitric acid solution, performing centrifugal separation to obtain a rare earth nitrate solution, and then performing vacuum freeze drying and calcination on the rare earth nitrate solution to obtain the nano rare earth oxide. The invention can not only improve the mining efficiency of the rare earth ore, but also solve the problem of ammonia nitrogen pollution without using ammonium sulfate as an ore leaching agent.

Description

In-situ leaching method for ionic rare earth ore
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing engineering, and particularly relates to an in-situ leaching method of ionic rare earth ore.
Background
Rare Earth (Rare Earth) is a general name of seventeen metal elements including lanthanide elements, scandium and yttrium in a chemical periodic table, and 250 Rare Earth ores exist in nature. The rare earth element is widely used in agriculture, aerospace, electronic manufacturing industry, transportation industry, medical industry and the like, has important significance for high and new technology and economy, and is called industrial gold. China is the first rare earth resource country in the world and is called rare earth kingdom. The proven rare earth resource reserves in China are 4300 ten thousand tons, which account for 43 percent of the total reserves in the world, and the annual output of the rare earth elements in China already accounts for more than 95 percent of the total output in the world.
The Ion type rare earth ore, namely Ion adsorbed rare earth ore (Ion adsorbed deposite), is a novel rare earth ore specific to China. The "ion adsorption" is a method in which rare earth elements are adsorbed in clay minerals in an ionic state, without being present as compounds. The rare earth is easy to be transferred into solution by strong electrolyte exchange, and does not need technological processes of crushing, ore dressing and the like, but can be directly leached to obtain mixed rare earth oxide, so that the ore has the characteristics of high content of heavy rare earth elements, large economic content, low grade, large coverage, suitability for manual and semi-mechanical mining in hilly lands, simple mining and leaching processes and the like. At present, ammonium sulfate is mostly used as an ore leaching agent for mining and leaching of ionic rare earth ores, but the use of ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate causes ammonia nitrogen pollution, so that mountains, water bodies and surrounding environments in rare earth ore areas are seriously damaged. With the enhancement of the national environmental protection management, the process for leaching rare earth by using ammonium salt can not meet the requirement of environmental protection, and a new rare earth leaching process without environmental pollution needs to be developed, so that the green and environmental-friendly exploitation of ionic rare earth is realized, and good economic benefit and social benefit are obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides an in-situ leaching method of the ionic rare earth ore, which can improve the mining efficiency of the rare earth ore, does not use ammonium sulfate as a leaching agent and solves the problem of ammonia nitrogen pollution.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an in-situ leaching method of ionic rare earth ore comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an ore leaching agent: crushing dolomite, sieving the crushed dolomite with a 150-200-mesh sieve, mixing the dolomite and sulfuric acid according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-3) to prepare slurry A, and stirring and mixing the slurry A and an auxiliary agent according to the volume ratio of 10 (1-2) for 2-3 hours to obtain an ore leaching agent, wherein the pH value of the ore leaching agent is 4-4.5; the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in parts by volume: 2-5 parts of Gemini surfactant and 1-3 parts of dihydroxyethyl glycine;
(2) in-situ leaching: injecting the mineral leaching agent with the pH value of 4-4.5 obtained in the step (1) into the injection point, wherein the solid-to-solid ratio of the mineral leaching agent is 0.8-0.9L/kg, then collecting the leachate, and when the pH value of the leachate is more than 6.0 and the concentration of rare earth in the leachate is more than 0.1g/L, adjusting the solid-to-solid ratio of the mineral leaching agent to be 0.6-0.7L/kg;
(3) removing impurities from the rare earth leachate: adding a sodium bicarbonate solution into the leachate collected in the step (2) to adjust the pH value to 5-6, stirring for 2-3 h, standing, and filtering to remove precipitates to obtain a filtrate;
(4) rare earth extraction: adding a rare earth adsorbent into the filtrate obtained in the step (3), stirring for 2-3 h at 10-20 ℃, standing for 1-2 h, and filtering to obtain a solid; and then soaking and desorbing the solid by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20-30% at 35-45 ℃, performing centrifugal separation to obtain a rare earth nitrate solution, performing vacuum freeze drying on the rare earth nitrate solution to obtain powder, and grinding the powder and calcining at high temperature to obtain the nano rare earth oxide.
Furthermore, in the step (1), the content of Al in the dolomite is less than 0.15 percent, the content of Fe is less than 0.07 percent, and the dolomite with low content of aluminum and iron is selected, so that the influence of the aluminum and the iron on the rare earth leaching and leachate impurity removal process is favorably reduced.
Further, the mass concentration of the sodium bicarbonate solution in the step (3) is 20-25%.
Further, in the step (4), the rare earth adsorbent is added into the filtrate according to the proportion that 10-20 g of the rare earth adsorbent is added into every 1L of the filtrate.
Further, after the rare earth adsorbent is added into the filtrate in the step (4), the pH value of the filtrate is adjusted to 6.5-7.5 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass concentration of 20-25%, and then the filtrate is stirred at the speed of 100-200 r/min, and the pH value of the filtrate is controlled to be beneficial to adsorption of rare earth.
Further, the rare earth adsorbent in the step (4) is obtained by functionalizing the SBA-15 mesoporous material with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, and the specific preparation method comprises the steps of mixing SBA-15 with absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g to 100ml, magnetically stirring for 30min at room temperature, adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with one tenth of the volume of the absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, refluxing and stirring for 24h at 80 ℃, cooling, centrifuging, washing the solid with the absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times, and performing vacuum drying to obtain amino-modified SBA-15; dissolving diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, amino-modified SBA-15 and 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride in an N-N dimethylformamide solution, and stirring overnight at room temperature to obtain a suspension, wherein the mass ratio of the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, the 4-dimethylaminopyridine, the amino-modified SBA-15 and the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 1.1:0.5:1:1.2, and the mass-volume ratio of the amino-modified SBA-15 to the N-dimethylformamide solution is 1g:25 ml; centrifuging the suspension at 25 deg.C and 3000r/min for 15min, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with N-N dimethylformamide solution for 4 times, and vacuum drying to obtain the rare earth adsorbent.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the dolomite and the sulfuric acid are mixed to prepare the mineral leaching agent, rare earth in rare earth tailings can be effectively recovered, ammonium salt is not used, the ammonia nitrogen content of wastewater cannot be increased, the problem of ammonia nitrogen pollution in rare earth mining is solved, meanwhile, a proper amount of Gemini surfactant and dihydroxyethyl glycine are selected and added into the mineral leaching agent as auxiliaries, the auxiliaries and the rare earth form a complex, the leaching of the rare earth is strengthened, the leaching rate of the rare earth is improved, meanwhile, the added auxiliaries neutralize the electronegativity of the clay surface under the action of adsorption and the like, clay particles can be bridged to effectively inhibit the migration of the particles, and the clay expansion is favorably prevented.
2. The method uses the specially prepared rare earth adsorbent to extract rare earth from the rare earth leaching solution after impurity removal, improves the extraction efficiency of the rare earth, and can obtain the nano-scale rare earth oxide through nitric acid soaking desorption, vacuum freeze drying and high-temperature calcination.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention thereto. The specific experimental conditions and methods not indicated in the following examples are generally conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
an in-situ leaching method of ionic rare earth ore comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an ore leaching agent: crushing dolomite, sieving the crushed dolomite with a 150-mesh sieve, mixing the dolomite and sulfuric acid according to the mass ratio of 1:2 to prepare slurry A, and stirring and mixing the slurry A and an auxiliary agent according to the volume ratio of 10:1.5 for 2.5 hours to obtain an ore leaching agent, wherein the pH value of the ore leaching agent is 4.2; the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in parts by volume: 5 parts of Gemini surfactant and 3 parts of dihydroxyethyl glycine; calculated by mass percent, the content of Al in the dolomite is less than 0.15 percent, and the content of Fe is less than 0.07 percent;
(2) in-situ leaching: injecting the mineral leaching agent obtained in the step (1) into the injection point, wherein the solid-to-solid ratio of the mineral leaching agent is 0.85L/kg, collecting the leachate, and adjusting the solid-to-solid ratio of the mineral leaching agent to 0.65L/kg when the pH value of the leachate is more than 6.0 and the concentration of rare earth in the leachate is more than 0.1 g/L;
(3) removing impurities from the rare earth leachate: adding a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass concentration of 20% into the leachate collected in the step (2) to adjust the pH value to 5, stirring for 2.5h, standing, and filtering to remove precipitates to obtain a filtrate;
(4) rare earth extraction: adding 15g of rare earth adsorbent into the filtrate obtained in the step (3) according to the proportion that 15g of rare earth adsorbent is added into every 1L of the filtrate, adjusting the pH value of the filtrate to be 7.5 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass concentration of 20%, stirring for 2.5h at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the speed of 100r/min, standing for 1h, and filtering to obtain a solid; then soaking and desorbing the solid by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 30% at 40 ℃, performing centrifugal separation to obtain a nitrate solution of the rare earth, then performing vacuum freeze drying on the nitrate solution of the rare earth to obtain powder, and grinding the powder and calcining at high temperature to obtain the nano rare earth oxide;
the rare earth adsorbent is obtained by functionalizing an SBA-15 mesoporous material with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, and is prepared by mixing SBA-15 and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass-volume ratio of 1g to 100ml, magnetically stirring at room temperature for 30min, then adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with one tenth of the volume of the absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing at 80 ℃, refluxing and stirring for 24h, cooling, centrifuging, washing the solid with the absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain amino modified SBA-15; dissolving diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, amino-modified SBA-15 and 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride in an N-N dimethylformamide solution, and stirring overnight at room temperature to obtain a suspension, wherein the mass ratio of the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, the 4-dimethylaminopyridine, the amino-modified SBA-15 and the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 1.1:0.5:1:1.2, and the mass-volume ratio of the amino-modified SBA-15 to the N-dimethylformamide solution is 1g:25 ml; centrifuging the suspension at 25 deg.C and 3000r/min for 15min, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with N-N dimethylformamide solution for 4 times, and vacuum drying to obtain the rare earth adsorbent.
The ion type rare earth ore in-situ leaching is carried out according to the method, and the leaching rate of the rare earth is 96.12 percent.
Example 2:
an in-situ leaching method of ionic rare earth ore comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an ore leaching agent: crushing dolomite, sieving the crushed dolomite with a 200-mesh sieve, mixing the dolomite and sulfuric acid according to the mass ratio of 1:3 to prepare slurry A, and stirring and mixing the slurry A and an auxiliary agent according to the volume ratio of 10:2 for 3 hours to obtain an ore leaching agent, wherein the pH value of the ore leaching agent is 4.5; the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in parts by volume: 3 parts of Gemini surfactant and 1 part of dihydroxyethyl glycine; calculated by mass percent, the content of Al in the dolomite is less than 0.15 percent, and the content of Fe is less than 0.07 percent;
(2) in-situ leaching: injecting the mineral leaching agent obtained in the step (1) into the injection point, wherein the solid-to-solid ratio of the mineral leaching agent is 0.9L/kg, collecting the leachate, and adjusting the solid-to-solid ratio of the mineral leaching agent to 0.6L/kg when the pH value of the leachate is more than 6.0 and the concentration of rare earth in the leachate is more than 0.1 g/L;
(3) removing impurities from the rare earth leachate: adding a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass concentration of 25% into the leachate collected in the step (2) to adjust the pH value to 5.5, stirring for 3 hours, standing, and filtering to remove precipitates to obtain a filtrate;
(4) rare earth extraction: adding 20g of rare earth adsorbent into the filtrate obtained in the step (3) according to the proportion that 20g of rare earth adsorbent is added into every 1L of the filtrate, adjusting the pH value of the filtrate to be 7.0 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass concentration of 25%, stirring for 3h at 10 ℃ and the speed of 1050r/min, standing for 1.5h, and filtering to obtain a solid; then soaking and desorbing the solid by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20% at 35 ℃, performing centrifugal separation to obtain a nitrate solution of rare earth, performing vacuum freeze drying on the nitrate solution of rare earth to obtain powder, and grinding the powder and calcining at high temperature to obtain the nano rare earth oxide;
the rare earth adsorbent is obtained by functionalizing an SBA-15 mesoporous material with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, and is prepared by mixing SBA-15 and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass-volume ratio of 1g to 100ml, magnetically stirring at room temperature for 30min, then adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with one tenth of the volume of the absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing at 80 ℃, refluxing and stirring for 24h, cooling, centrifuging, washing the solid with the absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain amino modified SBA-15; dissolving diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, amino-modified SBA-15 and 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride in an N-N dimethylformamide solution, and stirring overnight at room temperature to obtain a suspension, wherein the mass ratio of the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, the 4-dimethylaminopyridine, the amino-modified SBA-15 and the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 1.1:0.5:1:1.2, and the mass-volume ratio of the amino-modified SBA-15 to the N-dimethylformamide solution is 1g:25 ml; centrifuging the suspension at 25 deg.C and 3000r/min for 15min, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with N-N dimethylformamide solution for 4 times, and vacuum drying to obtain the rare earth adsorbent.
The in-situ leaching of the ionic rare earth ore is carried out according to the method, and the leaching rate of the rare earth is 94.83 percent.
Example 3:
an in-situ leaching method of ionic rare earth ore comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an ore leaching agent: crushing dolomite, sieving the crushed dolomite with a 180-mesh sieve, mixing the dolomite and sulfuric acid according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare slurry A, and stirring and mixing the slurry A and an auxiliary agent according to the volume ratio of 10:1 for 2 hours to obtain an ore leaching agent, wherein the pH value of the ore leaching agent is 4.0; the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in parts by volume: 2 parts of Gemini surfactant and 2 parts of dihydroxyethyl glycine; calculated by mass percent, the content of Al in the dolomite is less than 0.15 percent, and the content of Fe is less than 0.07 percent;
(2) in-situ leaching: injecting the mineral leaching agent obtained in the step (1) into the injection point, wherein the solid-to-solid ratio of the mineral leaching agent is 0.8L/kg, collecting the leachate, and adjusting the solid-to-solid ratio of the mineral leaching agent to 0.7L/kg when the pH value of the leachate is more than 6.0 and the concentration of rare earth in the leachate is more than 0.1 g/L;
(3) removing impurities from the rare earth leachate: adding a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass concentration of 22% into the leachate collected in the step (2) to adjust the pH value to 6, stirring for 2 hours, standing, and filtering to remove precipitates to obtain a filtrate;
(4) rare earth extraction: adding the rare earth adsorbent into the filtrate obtained in the step (3) according to the proportion that 10g of the rare earth adsorbent is added into every 1L of the filtrate, adjusting the pH value of the filtrate to be 6.5 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass concentration of 22%, stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 15 ℃ and the speed of 200r/min, standing for 2 hours, and filtering to obtain a solid; then soaking and desorbing the solid by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 25% at 45 ℃, performing centrifugal separation to obtain a nitrate solution of rare earth, performing vacuum freeze drying on the nitrate solution of rare earth to obtain powder, and grinding the powder and calcining at high temperature to obtain the nano rare earth oxide;
the rare earth adsorbent is obtained by functionalizing an SBA-15 mesoporous material with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, and is prepared by mixing SBA-15 and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass-volume ratio of 1g to 100ml, magnetically stirring at room temperature for 30min, then adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with one tenth of the volume of the absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing at 80 ℃, refluxing and stirring for 24h, cooling, centrifuging, washing the solid with the absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain amino modified SBA-15; dissolving diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, amino-modified SBA-15 and 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride in an N-N dimethylformamide solution, and stirring overnight at room temperature to obtain a suspension, wherein the mass ratio of the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, the 4-dimethylaminopyridine, the amino-modified SBA-15 and the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 1.1:0.5:1:1.2, and the mass-volume ratio of the amino-modified SBA-15 to the N-dimethylformamide solution is 1g:25 ml; centrifuging the suspension at 25 deg.C and 3000r/min for 15min, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with N-N dimethylformamide solution for 4 times, and vacuum drying to obtain the rare earth adsorbent.
The ion type rare earth ore in-situ leaching is carried out according to the method, and the leaching rate of the rare earth is 94.90 percent.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. An in-situ leaching method of ionic rare earth ore is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an ore leaching agent: crushing dolomite, sieving the crushed dolomite with a 150-200-mesh sieve, mixing the dolomite and sulfuric acid according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-3) to prepare slurry A, and stirring and mixing the slurry A and an auxiliary agent according to the volume ratio of 10 (1-2) for 2-3 hours to obtain an ore leaching agent, wherein the pH value of the ore leaching agent is 4-4.5; the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in parts by volume: 2-5 parts of Gemini surfactant and 1-3 parts of dihydroxyethyl glycine;
(2) in-situ leaching: injecting the leaching agent obtained in the step (1) into the injection point, wherein the leaching solution solid-to-solid ratio is 0.8-0.9L/kg, then collecting the leachate, and when the pH value of the leachate is more than 6.0 and the concentration of rare earth in the leachate is more than 0.1g/L, adjusting the leaching solution solid-to-solid ratio to be 0.6-0.7L/kg;
(3) removing impurities from the rare earth leachate: adding a sodium bicarbonate solution into the leachate collected in the step (2) to adjust the pH value to 5-6, stirring for 2-3 h, standing, and filtering to remove precipitates to obtain a filtrate;
(4) rare earth extraction: adding a rare earth adsorbent into the filtrate obtained in the step (3), stirring for 2-3 h at 10-20 ℃, standing for 1-2 h, and filtering to obtain a solid; then soaking and desorbing the solid by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20-30% at 35-45 ℃, performing centrifugal separation to obtain a rare earth nitrate solution, then performing vacuum freeze drying on the rare earth nitrate solution to obtain powder, and grinding the powder and calcining at high temperature to obtain the nano rare earth oxide;
the rare earth adsorbent is obtained by functionalizing an SBA-15 mesoporous material with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, and is prepared by mixing SBA-15 and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass-volume ratio of 1g to 100ml, magnetically stirring at room temperature for 30min, then adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with one tenth of the volume of the absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing at 80 ℃, refluxing and stirring for 24h, cooling, centrifuging, washing the solid with the absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain amino modified SBA-15; dissolving diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, amino-modified SBA-15 and 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride in an N-N dimethylformamide solution, and stirring overnight at room temperature to obtain a suspension, wherein the mass ratio of the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride, the 4-dimethylaminopyridine, the amino-modified SBA-15 and the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 1.1:0.5:1:1.2, and the mass-volume ratio of the amino-modified SBA-15 to the N-dimethylformamide solution is 1g:25 ml; centrifuging the suspension at 25 deg.C and 3000r/min for 15min, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with N-N dimethylformamide solution for 4 times, and vacuum drying to obtain the rare earth adsorbent.
2. The in-situ leaching process of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the content of Al in the dolomite is less than 0.15 percent and the content of Fe is less than 0.07 percent by weight percentage.
3. The in-situ leaching process of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the mass concentration of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 20-25%.
4. The in-situ leaching process of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) adding the rare earth adsorbent into the filtrate according to the proportion that 10-20 g of the rare earth adsorbent is added into every 1L of the filtrate.
5. The in-situ leaching process of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 4, wherein: and (4) adding a rare earth adsorbent into the filtrate in the step (4), adjusting the pH value of the filtrate to be 6.5-7.5 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass concentration of 20-25%, and then stirring at the speed of 100-200 r/min.
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