CN110605986B - Off-grid mobile quick charging system and management method thereof - Google Patents

Off-grid mobile quick charging system and management method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110605986B
CN110605986B CN201910660868.7A CN201910660868A CN110605986B CN 110605986 B CN110605986 B CN 110605986B CN 201910660868 A CN201910660868 A CN 201910660868A CN 110605986 B CN110605986 B CN 110605986B
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charging
power battery
energy storage
power
retired
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CN110605986A (en
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李璟瑜
吴德平
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Suzhou DSM Green Power Co Ltd
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Suzhou DSM Green Power Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an off-grid movable quick charging system and a management method, wherein a battery energy storage stack, a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) and a vehicle-mounted quick charger are arranged in a movable container of a movable container; the off-grid movable container quick charging unit adopts a battery energy storage stack, and can independently provide quick charging service for a plurality of new energy automobiles by depending on a multi-channel intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) and a vehicle-mounted quick charger which are arranged in the movable container under the conditions of no power supply of a power grid and no support of other external facilities; the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station provides power grid quick charging or renewable energy source power supplement for the off-grid movable container quick charging unit; the quick charging unit of the off-grid movable container is not limited by power distribution permission and power grid capacity, promotes a large-scale commercial layout quick charging station on the basis of fully exerting the retired battery standard box to quickly charge a plurality of electric vehicles, effectively reduces the charging cost of the electric vehicles and improves the charging convenience.

Description

Off-grid mobile quick charging system and management method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy electric automobiles, in particular to modes of quick charging of electric automobiles, gradient utilization of ex-service batteries, development of off-network charging systems, operation management and the like.
Background
At present, the development of new energy automobiles is limited by the lack of quick charging facilities, and the construction of a quick charging station is not only limited by the capacity of a mature power grid in an urban area and a power distribution system, but also limited by the infrastructure of a charging station, including the cost of a construction land and the fixed construction investment, and is more and more concerned by people. The existing quick charging station is difficult to be constructed in a large amount in an urban area due to the large construction area and high construction and maintenance cost, and occasionally, a plurality of quick charging stations are constructed on a certain expressway. Due to the influence of mileage anxiety and charging anxiety, few new energy vehicles can run at high speed, so that the utilization rate is extremely low, the profit cannot be realized, and the investment and construction of the quick charging station are limited in turn.
In order to solve the situation that the new energy automobile is difficult to popularize due to difficult construction of the quick charging station, a plurality of people begin to discuss various operation modes, including a quick battery replacement mode, a calling type emergency charging car service mode and a plurality of service integration modes, so that the operation cost is high and the continuous maintenance is difficult. The invention of patent application No. 201811511957.7 discloses a charging method, device and system. The invention of the application combines a plurality of independent charging devices into a charging system with a plurality of machines connected in parallel, and solves the problems that a single charging device can provide too few charging guns and has low charging speed.
Patent application No. 201720413961.4 discloses a distributed removal fills/trades electric automobile system and energy storage formula fills electric pile assembly. The energy storage type charging pile comprises a slow charging pile and a distributed charging box. The charging pile can charge the electric automobile and can also charge the distributed charging box in turn, the distributed charging box is formed by connecting two small battery packs of a master-slave structure in series, the distributed charging box is connected with the external charging pile through a switch after passing through the AC/DC converter, and the alternating current can be output to supply power for the slow charging pile so as to charge the electric automobile. The distributed mobile charging/battery replacing vehicle system can be provided with an alternating current slow charging pile and external charging systems, wherein each external charging system comprises an AC/DC converter and a plurality of battery discharging systems which are connected in parallel statically through connectors, and the plurality of external charging systems are allowed to be connected in parallel statically through the connectors to supply power for the slow charging pile. Each discharging system is composed of a master-slave series battery pack and a DC/DC converter.
The battery energy storage devices in the two patent applications use a large number of DC/DC converters to realize static parallel connection between the battery packs, and then are connected with the slow charging pile through the AC/DC converters, so that the battery energy storage devices are high in construction cost and operation cost, poor in reliability of high-power AC/DC and DC/DC, and not suitable for sustainable and large-scale commercial operation.
The conventional patent ZL201811571280.6 is a standardized range-extending power system and a management method, and provides a method for designing and developing a range-extending electric vehicle by integrating a power battery standard box and a standard vehicle-mounted range extender of a new energy vehicle, so that one new energy vehicle can be provided with a plurality of power battery standard boxes, and the power battery standard boxes are dynamically balanced by the vehicle-mounted range extender to realize parallel connection. The power battery standard boxes are connected in parallel by means of vehicle-mounted augers, and the decommissioned power battery standard boxes cannot be used for realizing gradient utilization by using off-grid quick charging energy storage on the basis of the decommissioned power battery standard boxes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low-cost use, high-density layout and low-cost construction of a new energy automobile rapid charging station, the invention aims to use a retired power battery standard box as an off-grid rapid charging energy storage to realize echelon utilization on the basis of the retired power battery standard box; the invention provides an off-grid movable quick-charging system and a management method, on one hand, the invention provides an off-grid movable container quick-charging unit and a centralized energy storage and dispatching management station, wherein the off-grid movable container quick-charging unit comprises a movable container; a battery energy storage pile, a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC), a vehicle-mounted quick charger and a charging gun are arranged in the movable container;
the battery energy storage stack is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted fast charger through a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) to supply power to the vehicle-mounted fast charger, and the vehicle-mounted fast charger is connected with a charging gun;
the off-grid movable container quick charging unit adopts a battery energy storage stack, and can independently and quickly charge the battery of the new energy automobile by means of a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) and a vehicle-mounted quick charger which are arranged in the movable container under the conditions that no power supply of a power grid exists and no other external facilities support exists;
the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station comprises a monitoring and dispatching server, a power distribution station and an energy storage charging station;
the energy storage charging station is electrically connected with the battery energy storage stack through a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC); the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) controls an energy storage charging station to supplement power to the battery energy storage stack through CAN2 communication;
the power distribution station is connected with the energy storage charging station through an alternating current bus;
the monitoring and dispatching server exchanges data and controls in real time with the energy storage charging station through CAN communication, and exchanges data and controls in real time with the off-network movable container quick charging unit through CAN2 communication and GPRS remote communication; the monitoring and dispatching server provides power grid quick charging or renewable energy source power supplementing for the off-grid movable container quick charging unit through the power distribution station.
Furthermore, the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station further comprises a maintenance facility, and the maintenance facility can provide maintenance and after-sales service for the off-grid movable quick charging unit.
Further, the battery energy storage stack is formed by dynamically connecting a plurality of retired power battery standard boxes in parallel; and the number of a plurality of ex-service power battery standard boxes contained in the battery energy storage stack can be dynamically increased and decreased.
Further, the multi-channel intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) comprises a control unit, a main switch group and a power direct-current bus; the main switch group includes a plurality of main switches (Ki) (i ═ 1,2, …, n); the control unit directly controls the on and off of a plurality of main switches and controls the on and off of the main contactors in each retired power battery standard box through CAN1 communication; the quantity of main switch with the quantity of retired power battery standard box is n, and n is 1,2 … … n, control unit connects retired power battery standard box 1, retired power battery standard box 2 … … retired power battery standard box n through CAN1 communication developments, and control retired power battery standard box 1, retired power battery standard box 2 … … retired power battery standard box n passes through main switch K1, main switch K2 … … main switch Kn and power direct current bus connection simultaneously.
Further, the number of the vehicle-mounted fast chargers is N, wherein N is 1 and 2 … … N; the control unit in the MLiC multi-path intelligent high-voltage box is directly communicated with the vehicle-mounted fast charger 1 and the vehicle-mounted fast charger 2 … … through CAN2 communication, and coordinates the maximum allowable power supply current and the start and the end of charging the electric vehicle; meanwhile, the control unit is communicated with an energy storage charging station through the CAN2 to coordinate the maximum allowable energy storage charging current and control the start and the end of charging the battery stack.
Furthermore, an independent cooling system is installed in the quick charging unit of the off-grid movable container, a battery energy storage pile is used for supplying power, cooling water circulation and heat dissipation are respectively provided for a retired power battery standard box and a vehicle-mounted quick charger in the battery energy storage pile, and continuous, stable and independent operation of the quick charging unit of the off-grid movable container is guaranteed.
Further, the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) dynamically monitors the voltage, the maximum allowable charge-discharge multiplying power, the highest temperature of the battery cell, the highest voltage of the battery cell and the lowest voltage of the battery cell in each retired power battery standard box through CAN communication;
the control unit of the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) dynamically selects, connects or disconnects each retired power battery standard box in the battery energy storage stack in the work of the off-grid movable container quick charging unit, and the retired power battery standard boxes of the same material or different materials in different health states are allowed to be dynamically connected in parallel and directly connected;
when a control unit of a multi-channel intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) is used for supplying power to an electric automobile in the process of fast charging control and management or an energy storage charging station, when a certain retired power battery standard box is determined to be required to be disconnected, each vehicle-mounted fast charger is immediately controlled to rapidly reduce power supply current or the energy storage charging station is controlled to reduce charging current, a corresponding main switch is immediately disconnected after the power supply or discharge current of the retired power battery standard box is lower than a disconnection threshold value, then each vehicle-mounted fast charger or energy storage charging station is controlled to rapidly recover the charging current, and fast power supply or charging is continued.
Further, the material of the standard box of the retired power battery includes, but is not limited to, a lithium titanate battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a ternary lithium battery, a lithium manganate battery, a metal air battery, a solid state lithium battery, and the like.
Furthermore, the retired power battery standard box is provided with a unified voltage platform, an electrical interface and a CAN communication protocol, and the ID address of CAN communication CAN be manually set through calibration.
Further, the state of each off-network movable container quick-charging unit is monitored by the monitoring and scheduling server through GPRS remote communication, the state comprises a charging amount, a charging state, a health state and a position, when the monitoring and scheduling server finds that the electric quantity of a certain off-network movable container quick-charging unit arranged is lower than a replacement threshold value, the scheduling container trailer is optimized according to the actual residual electric quantity of the movable container quick-charging unit and a route and a distance of a replacement stroke, the appropriate off-network movable container quick-charging unit in the system is selected to be replaced in time, and continuous charging service of the electric vehicle is ensured.
Further, the system comprises an allied container quick-charging unit inbound system, wherein the allied container quick-charging unit inbound system allows a social independent operator or an individual to apply for becoming a member of A class or a member of B class;
the class A member can use the field, the charging resource, the trailer resource and the maintenance resource of the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station to receive the charging service dispatching management of the off-grid movable quick charging system;
the B-class member can use own unique charging resource, maintenance resource and trailer resource, and optimizes the replacement route for automatic allocation and use according to the capacity of the container quick charging unit, the current charging state and the specific location of the container quick charging unit, so as to ensure reasonable and optimal allocation of the quick charging resource of the electric vehicle;
the unique charging resources comprise power supply of a power grid, methane power generation, platycodon root power generation, alcohol ether fuel power generation, solar power generation and wind power generation.
Further, the off-grid movable container quick-charging unit obtains the state of each retired power battery standard box, the power supply requirement of each vehicle-mounted quick-charging device and the charging requirement of the energy storage charging station through CAN1 communication and CAN2 communication, and directly controls each power battery standard box to supply power for the vehicle-mounted quick-charging device or receive charging of the energy storage charging station by adopting a retired power battery standard box balanced power supply or balanced charging control method.
The invention further provides a power battery standard box energy storage stack balanced power supply control method, which comprises the following steps that when an electric automobile is charged, a control unit firstly controls a part of power battery standard boxes with highest and consistent voltage to be connected to a power direct current bus for power supply; in the power supply process, along with the gradual reduction of the voltage of each power supply power battery standard box, the voltage level of the power battery standard boxes is close to the voltage level of the other low-voltage power battery standard boxes, and the other low-voltage power battery standard boxes are immediately and continuously connected to a power direct current bus for power supply until all the power battery standard boxes are connected to the power direct current bus for power supply. In the power supply process, if the battery core temperature in a certain power battery standard box i is too high, the battery core voltage is too low or the power battery standard box is in fault, the control unit immediately cuts off the power supply of the power battery standard box through a switch Ki (i is 1,2 and n), and other power battery standard boxes continue to supply power for the power direct current bus.
The invention further provides a power battery standard box energy storage stack equalizing charge control method, when the container quick charging unit performs energy storage and electricity supplement, the control unit firstly controls the power battery standard box with the lowest and consistent voltage to be connected to a power direct current bus for charging; in the charging process, along with the gradual rise of the voltage of each charged power battery standard box, the voltage of each charged power battery standard box approaches the voltage level of the other high-voltage power battery standard boxes, and the high-voltage power battery standard boxes are immediately and continuously connected to a power direct-current bus to be charged until all the power battery standard boxes are connected to the power direct-current bus; in the charging process, if the cell temperature, the cell voltage or the fault of a power battery standard box in a certain power battery standard box i is found, the control unit immediately cuts off the charging of the power battery standard box through a switch Ki (i is 1,2, n), and the other power battery standard boxes continue to receive the charging through a power direct current bus.
Further, when the control unit determines that the power battery standard box i needs to be disconnected, the control unit immediately sends a command through the CAN2 to control the vehicle-mounted quick charger or the energy storage charging station to rapidly reduce power supply or charging current, immediately disconnects Ki (i is 1,2, … n) when the power supply or discharging current of the power battery standard box i is lower than a disconnection threshold value, and immediately sends a CAN1 communication command to disconnect the contactor inside of the power battery standard box i; and then a CAN2 communication command is sent to control each vehicle-mounted quick charger or energy storage charging station to quickly recover the charging current and continue to quickly supply power or charge.
Furthermore, the built-in vehicle-mounted quick charger meets the charging standards of related countries and regions and can independently charge the electric automobile; each vehicle-mounted quick charger receives direct current power supply from a power direct current bus of the MLiC, has the capability of high-rate quick charging, receives charging process control of the MLiC control unit through CAN2 communication, and CAN dynamically change charging current in real time.
On the other hand, the invention provides a control method for performing quick charging on an off-grid movable quick charging system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: after the system is powered on, the control unit checks whether the off-grid movable container quick charging unit needs to work immediately, and if the off-grid movable container quick charging unit does not need to start working immediately, the step S2 is carried out; if the work needs to be started immediately, the step S3 is entered;
s2: the control unit immediately sends a command through CAN2 to close all vehicle-mounted fast charging devices, sends a command through CAN1 to disconnect power contactors of all retired power battery standard boxes, and simultaneously disconnects all main switches to cut off power connection between a power direct current bus and each retired power battery standard box to enter a standby mode;
s3: the control unit checks whether the off-grid charging service needs to be provided; if the off-grid charging service needs to be provided, performing parallel power supply balance control on the standard box of the retired power battery, and performing step S4; if the off-grid charging service does not need to be provided, performing dynamic parallel power supply balance control on the retired battery box, and performing step S5;
s4: the control unit starts an on-vehicle fast charger j (j is 1,2, …, n) through a CAN2 command, and the on-vehicle fast charger j (j is 1,2, …, n) enters a normal charging control service;
s5: the control unit firstly starts the energy storage charging station through a CAN2 command, so that the battery energy storage stack enters normal power supply control.
Preferably, the normal charging control procedure in step S4 is:
in the normal charging control process, if a certain retired power battery standard box has a fault or the residual electric quantity is low and needs to be disconnected to stop supplying power, the control unit controls the vehicle-mounted fast charger to quickly reduce the power supply requirement through CAN2 communication, monitors the power supply current of the retired power battery standard box in real time, immediately disconnects the corresponding main switch and the power contactor of the retired power battery standard box when the power supply current is determined to be less than 3Amp, and controls the vehicle-mounted fast charger to quickly recover the charging current; as the standard boxes of the retired power battery for supplying power are reduced, once the power supply capacity of the battery stack is found to be insufficient, the vehicle-mounted fast charger is started immediately to start charging, a power supply process is started, and otherwise, a normal power supply process is maintained.
Further, the normal power supply control flow in step S5 is:
in the normal electricity supplementing control process, if the control unit finds that a certain power battery standard box has a fault or is fully charged in advance and needs to be disconnected to stop electricity supplementing, the control unit controls the energy storage charging station to rapidly reduce the charging current through CAN2 communication, monitors the charging current of the corresponding retired power battery standard box in real time, immediately disconnects the power contactor of the corresponding main switch and the corresponding retired power battery standard box when the charging current is determined to be less than 3Amp, and then controls the energy storage charging station to rapidly recover the charging current; and if all the retired power battery standard boxes are confirmed to be fully charged, the control process is exited, and otherwise, the normal charging control process is continued.
Further, the power battery standard box parallel power supply equalization control in the step S3 includes the following steps:
(1) the control unit checks the actual voltage of each retired power battery standard box through CAN1 communication;
(2) if the voltages of the retired power battery standard boxes are consistent, further sequentially checking the fault state and the charging state of each retired power battery standard box;
(3) if the voltages of the retired power battery standard boxes are determined to be inconsistent, one or more retired power battery standard boxes with the highest and consistent voltages are immediately found out, and the power supply capacity of the battery energy storage stack is immediately checked after the retired power battery standard boxes with the highest and consistent voltages are simultaneously connected to the power direct current bus; if the power supply capacity is enough, entering a normal power supply control process, otherwise entering a reduced power supply control process;
(4) and continuously determining whether the voltages of all the retired power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are consistent, if the voltages of all the retired power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are inconsistent, waiting for the retired power battery standard boxes which are connected to the power direct current bus and start to supply power to descend along with the discharge voltage until the voltages of the standard boxes are consistent with the voltages of the original low-voltage retired power battery standard boxes, immediately connecting the original low-voltage retired power battery standard boxes to the power direct current bus, and then controlling the corresponding retired power battery standard boxes to close the contactors through CAN1 communication until all the retired power battery standard boxes are connected to the direct current bus, thereby completing the power supply balance control of the battery energy storage stack.
Further, the specific steps of checking the fault state and the charging state of each standard box of the retired power battery in the step (2) are as follows: if a certain retired power battery standard box has a fault, immediately disconnecting a main switch corresponding to the connection between the corresponding fault retired power battery standard box and the power direct-current bus, otherwise, directly connecting the main switch of the non-fault retired power battery standard box, immediately sending a CAN1 command, and closing a contactor in the non-fault retired power battery standard box; further checking the charging state of each retired power battery standard box; if the average charging state of a certain battery energy storage pile is found to be not higher than 20% of the set level, the off-grid movable container quick charging unit is replaced through the GPRS application of remote communication, and otherwise, the normal power supply control process is started.
Further, the control of the parallel power supply equalization of the standard boxes of the retired power batteries in step S3 includes the following steps:
a. the control unit checks the actual voltage of each retired power battery standard box through CAN1 communication;
b. if the voltages of the retired power battery standard boxes are consistent, further checking the fault state and the charging state of each retired power battery standard box;
c. if the voltage of each retired power battery standard box is determined to be inconsistent, one or more retired power battery standard boxes with the lowest and consistent voltage are immediately found out, and the actual voltage of the battery energy storage stack is immediately checked after the retired power battery standard boxes with the lowest and consistent voltage are simultaneously connected to the power direct current bus; if the voltage is lower than the maximum allowable charging voltage, entering a constant-current charging control process, otherwise, entering a constant-voltage charging control process;
d. and continuously determining whether the voltages of all the retired power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are consistent, if the voltages of all the retired power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are inconsistent, waiting for the retired power battery standard boxes which are connected to the power direct current bus and start to be charged to rise along with the charging voltage until the voltages of the standard boxes are consistent with the voltages of the retired power battery standard boxes with the original high voltage, immediately connecting the retired power battery standard boxes with the original high voltage to the power direct current bus, and then controlling the corresponding retired power battery standard boxes to close the contactors through CAN1 communication until all the retired power battery standard boxes are connected to the direct current bus, thereby completing the balance control of the electricity supply of the battery energy storage stack.
Further, the specific steps of checking the fault state and the charging state of each standard box of the retired power battery in the step (b) are as follows: if a certain retired power battery standard box has a fault, immediately disconnecting a main switch corresponding to the connection between the corresponding fault retired power battery standard box and the power direct-current bus, otherwise, directly connecting the main switch of the non-fault retired power battery standard box, immediately sending a CAN1 command, and closing a contactor in the non-fault retired power battery standard box; further checking the charging state of each retired power battery standard box; if the average charging state of a certain battery energy storage pile is found to be higher than 95% of the set level, the energy storage and power supplement station is controlled to stop the charging process through CAN2 communication, and if not, the normal power supplement control process is started.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, in the development and layout strategy of a new energy automobile quick charging station, centralized energy storage and power supplement, maintenance and management outside a city are provided, an off-grid type movable quick charging system technology and a management method of an off-grid quick charging station are distributed in the city, a movable container quick charging unit is built mainly by means of a power battery standard box of an electric automobile retired, a vehicle-mounted quick charger is arranged in the movable container quick charging unit, and a container trailer is adopted for quick replacement.
The investment of power grid power supply facilities and charging station infrastructure in urban areas is not needed, so that the layout of the whole urban quick charging station is simple. The problem of the construction of the rapid charging station in the urban area at present, because the construction procedure is complicated, the construction period is long and the investment is high, the number of the rapid charging stations is small is solved.
The invention adopts a control method of equalizing power supply or equalizing charge of the retired power battery standard boxes of the electric automobile, directly and dynamically connects a plurality of retired power battery standard boxes in parallel, and does not need to use a high-power DC/DC or AC/DC converter, so that the echelon utilization of the retired batteries of the electric automobile has practical performability in the technology. Because the dynamic isolation of the standard box of the power battery with the fault retired is allowed, the operation reliability of the whole off-grid quick charging unit is greatly improved, and the service capacity of continuously providing quick charging of the off-grid quick charging station is improved. Meanwhile, because different numbers of power battery standard boxes are allowed to be dynamically and directly connected, new power battery standard boxes can be added at any time or the power battery standard boxes with faults can be replaced at any time, and the utilization rate of the container quick-charging unit is ensured.
The invention also provides a brand-new franchised container quick-charging unit inbound management system, which allows independent operators or individuals with investment capacity to construct container quick-charging units by independent investment, dynamically joins the off-grid type mobile quick-charging system in a member form, and participates in the operation of distributed quick-charging stations in urban areas through system optimization distribution. Members are encouraged to generate electricity using clean energy, renewable energy or biofuel. The advantages that the off-grid movable quick charging system integrates social resources and the configuration capability of the new energy automobile quick charging station is improved are fully exerted.
The invention provides an innovative scheme for the development and management of the electric vehicle quick charging station, wherein the establishment of the quick charging station is borne by a container quick charging unit which runs completely off the network, is not limited by the urban distribution permission and the power grid capacity, does not depend on the construction of the charging station infrastructure, so that the charging station can be quickly established and dynamically distributed in the urban area, the large-scale commercial layout quick charging station is promoted on the basis that the power battery standard box which gives full play to the retirement of the electric vehicles can quickly charge a plurality of electric vehicles at the same time through integrated energy storage, the charging cost of the electric vehicles is effectively reduced, and the charging convenience is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an off-grid movable container quick-charging unit provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a centralized energy storage and dispatching management station provided in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the control of the off-grid portable container quick-charging unit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the equalized power supply of a standard box of a retired power battery provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for controlling equalizing charge of standard boxes of retired power batteries according to the present invention;
reference numerals:
1. a plurality of paths of intelligent high-voltage boxes; 2. a control unit; 3. an off-grid movable container quick-charging unit; 4. a battery energy storage stack 5 and an energy storage charging station; 6. monitoring and dispatching server, 7, power distribution station.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The technical scheme protected by the invention is specifically explained in the following by combining the attached drawings.
An off-grid mobile fast charging system comprising: the off-grid movable container quick charging unit comprises a movable container and a centralized energy storage and dispatching management station; a battery energy storage pile, a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC), a vehicle-mounted quick charger and a charging gun are arranged in the movable container; the battery energy storage stack is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted fast charger through a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) to supply power to the vehicle-mounted fast charger, and the vehicle-mounted fast charger is connected with a charging gun; the off-grid movable container quick charging unit adopts a battery energy storage stack, and can independently provide quick charging service for a new energy automobile by means of a multi-channel intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) and a vehicle-mounted quick charger which are arranged in the movable container under the conditions of no power supply of a power grid and no support of other external facilities;
the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station comprises a monitoring and dispatching server, a power distribution station and an energy storage charging station; the energy storage charging station is electrically connected with the battery energy storage stack through a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC); the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) controls an energy storage charging station to supplement power to the battery energy storage stack through CAN2 communication; the power distribution station is connected with the energy storage charging station through an alternating current bus; the number of the energy storage charging stations is n, and n is an integer.
The monitoring and dispatching server exchanges data and controls in real time with the energy storage charging station through CAN communication, and exchanges data and controls in real time with the off-network movable container quick charging unit through CAN2 communication and GPRS remote communication; the monitoring and dispatching server provides power grid quick charging or renewable energy source power supplementing for the off-grid movable container quick charging unit through the power distribution station.
As a preferred embodiment, the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station provided by the invention further comprises a maintenance facility, and the maintenance facility can provide maintenance and after-sales service for the off-grid mobile quick charging unit.
The battery energy storage stack provided by the invention is formed by dynamically connecting a plurality of retired power battery standard boxes in parallel; and the number of a plurality of ex-service power battery standard boxes contained in the battery energy storage stack can be dynamically increased and decreased.
The invention provides a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) which comprises a control unit, a main switch group and a power direct-current bus; the main switch group includes a plurality of main switches (Ki) (i ═ 1,2, …, n); the control unit directly controls the on and off of a plurality of main switches and controls the on and off of the main contactors in each retired power battery standard box through CAN1 communication; the quantity of main switch with the quantity of retired power battery standard box is n, and n is 1,2 … … n, control unit connects retired power battery standard box 1, retired power battery standard box 2 … … retired power battery standard box n through CAN1 communication developments, and control retired power battery standard box 1, retired power battery standard box 2 … … retired power battery standard box n passes through main switch K1, main switch K2 … … main switch Kn and power direct current bus connection simultaneously.
As a preferred embodiment, the number of the vehicle-mounted chargers provided by the invention is N, where N is 1,2 … … N; the control unit in the MLiC multi-path intelligent high-voltage box is directly communicated with the vehicle-mounted fast charger 1 and the vehicle-mounted fast charger 2 … … through CAN2 communication, and coordinates the maximum allowable power supply current and the start and the end of charging the electric vehicle; meanwhile, the control unit is communicated with an energy storage charging station through the CAN2 to coordinate the maximum allowable energy storage charging current and control the start and the end of charging the battery stack.
As a preferred embodiment, an independent cooling system is installed in the fast charging unit of the off-grid movable container provided by the invention, and a battery energy storage stack is adopted for supplying power to respectively provide cooling water circulation and heat dissipation for a retired power battery standard box and a vehicle-mounted fast charger in the battery energy storage stack, so that the continuous, stable and independent operation of the off-grid movable container fast charging standard unit is ensured.
As a preferred embodiment, the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) dynamically monitors the voltage, the maximum allowable charge-discharge rate, the highest cell temperature, the highest cell voltage and the lowest cell voltage in each retired power battery standard box through CAN communication;
as a preferred embodiment, a control unit of a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) dynamically selects, connects or disconnects each retired power battery standard box in a battery energy storage stack in the work of an off-grid movable container quick charging unit, and allows retired power battery standard boxes of the same material or different materials in different health states to be dynamically connected in parallel and directly connected;
the standard case of the retired power battery provided by the invention can be made of various battery materials, including lithium titanate batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, ternary lithium batteries, lithium manganate batteries, metal air batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, solid state lithium batteries and the like.
In addition, the retired power battery standard box is provided with a unified voltage platform, an electric interface and a CAN communication protocol, and the ID address of CAN communication CAN be manually set through calibration. Wherein, the electric interface comprises a power interface and a control signal interface. The power interface 1P +, 1P-,2P +, 2P-even nP + and nP-, and the control signal standard electrical interface comprises the following signals: a 12V power supply, a GND signal ground, a CAN communication CAN +/CAN-, a switch lock signal Vign, a charging self-locking signal and the like.
The control unit of the multi-channel intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) provided by the invention immediately controls each vehicle-mounted quick charger to quickly reduce the supply current or controls the energy storage charging station to reduce the charging current when determining that a certain retired power battery standard box needs to be disconnected in the process of quickly charging, controlling and managing an electric vehicle or supplementing electricity to the energy storage charging station, immediately disconnects the corresponding main switch after the power supply or discharge current of the retired power battery standard box is lower than a disconnection threshold value, and then controls each vehicle-mounted quick charger or energy storage charging station to quickly recover the charging current to continue to quickly supply or charge.
The centralized energy storage and dispatching management station provided by the invention monitors the states of the off-grid movable container quick-charging units through the monitoring and dispatching server, wherein the states comprise charging quantity, charging state, health state and position, when the monitoring and dispatching server finds that the electric quantity of one of the arranged off-grid movable container quick-charging units is lower than a replacement threshold value, the container trailer is optimized and dispatched according to the actual residual electric quantity of the movable container quick-charging units and the route and distance of a replacement stroke, and the appropriate off-grid movable container quick-charging unit in the system is selected to be used for replacing the movable container quick-charging unit in time, so that the continuous charging service of the electric automobile is ensured.
The quick charging system provided by the invention also comprises an allied container quick charging unit inbound system, wherein the allied container quick charging unit inbound system allows registered members to provide independent container quick charging units for dynamic joining operation.
Specifically, class a members can log into the off-grid mobile fast-charging system when their container fast-charging units meet the regulatory requirements, allowing use of the site, charging resources, trailer resources, and maintenance resources of the centralized energy storage and dispatch management station.
Specifically, the class-B member can enter the off-network movable quick charging system under the condition that the container quick charging unit meets the standard requirement, the field, the charging resource, the trailer resource and the maintenance resource of the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station are not needed, and the monitoring and dispatching server only needs to automatically allocate and use according to the capacity, the current charging state and the specific location of the container quick charging unit, so that the reasonable and optimal allocation of the charging resource is ensured.
The off-grid movable container quick charging unit provided by the invention obtains the states of the retired power battery standard boxes, the power supply requirements of the vehicle-mounted quick chargers and the charging requirements of the energy storage charging stations through CAN1 communication and CAN2 communication, and directly controls the power battery standard boxes to supply power to the vehicle-mounted quick chargers or receive charging of the energy storage charging stations by adopting a retired power battery standard box balanced power supply or balanced charging control method.
The invention also provides a power battery standard box energy storage stack balanced power supply control method, when the electric automobile is charged, the control unit firstly controls the power battery standard box with the highest and consistent partial voltage to be connected to the power direct current bus for power supply; in the power supply process, along with the gradual reduction of the voltage of each power supply power battery standard box, the voltage level of the power battery standard boxes is close to the voltage level of the other low-voltage power battery standard boxes, and the other low-voltage power battery standard boxes are immediately and continuously connected to a power direct current bus for power supply until all the power battery standard boxes are connected to the power direct current bus for power supply. In the power supply process, if the battery core temperature in a certain power battery standard box i is too high, the battery core voltage is too low or the power battery standard box is in fault, the control unit immediately cuts off the power supply of the power battery standard box through a switch Ki (i is 1,2 and n), and other power battery standard boxes continue to supply power for the power direct current bus.
The invention also provides a power battery standard box energy storage stack equalizing charge control method, when the container quick charging unit performs energy storage and power supplement, the control unit firstly controls the power battery standard box with the lowest and consistent voltage to be connected to the power direct current bus for charging; in the charging process, along with the gradual rise of the voltage of each charged power battery standard box, the voltage of each charged power battery standard box approaches the voltage level of the other high-voltage power battery standard boxes, and the high-voltage power battery standard boxes are immediately and continuously connected to a power direct-current bus to be charged until all the power battery standard boxes are connected to the power direct-current bus; in the charging process, if the cell temperature, the cell voltage or the fault of a power battery standard box in a certain power battery standard box i is found, the control unit immediately cuts off the charging of the power battery standard box through a switch Ki (i is 1,2, n), and the other power battery standard boxes continue to receive the charging through a power direct current bus.
When the power battery standard box i is determined to be required to be disconnected, the control unit immediately sends a command through the CAN2 to control each quick charging charger or energy storage charging station to quickly reduce power supply or charging current, immediately disconnects Ki (i is 1,2, … n) when the power supply or discharging current of the power battery standard box i is lower than a disconnection threshold value, and immediately sends a CAN1 communication command to disconnect a contactor inside the power battery standard box i; and then a CAN2 communication command is sent to control each quick charging charger or energy storage charging station to quickly recover charging current and continue to quickly supply power or charge.
The vehicle-mounted quick charger meets the charging standards of related countries and regions, and can independently charge the electric automobile; each quick-charging charger receives direct current power supply from a power direct current bus of the MLiC, has the high-rate quick-charging capacity, receives charging process control of the MLiC control unit through CAN2 communication, and CAN dynamically change charging current in real time.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an off-grid movable container quick-charging unit provided by the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a centralized energy storage and dispatching management station provided in the present invention, and the present invention provides an off-grid mobile fast charging system, which includes:
the off-grid movable container quick-charging unit 3 comprises a movable container; a battery energy storage stack 4, a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC)1, a vehicle-mounted quick charger and a charging gun are arranged in the movable container;
the battery energy storage stack is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted fast charger through a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC)1 to supply power to the vehicle-mounted fast charger, and the vehicle-mounted fast charger is connected with a charging gun;
the off-grid movable container quick charging unit 3 adopts the battery energy storage stack 4 to independently provide quick charging service for a plurality of new energy automobiles by means of a multi-channel intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) and a vehicle-mounted quick charger which are arranged in the movable container under the conditions of no power supply of a power grid and no support of other external facilities;
the energy storage charging station 5 is electrically connected with the battery energy storage stack 4 through the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) 1; the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC)1 controls the energy storage charging station 5 to supply power to the battery energy storage stack 4 through CAN2 communication;
the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station comprises a monitoring and dispatching server 6, a power distribution station 7 and an energy storage charging station 5; the energy storage charging station 5 is electrically connected with the battery energy storage stack 4 through a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC) 1; the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box (MLiC)1 controls an energy storage charging station to supplement power for the battery energy storage stack 4 through CAN2 communication; the power distribution station 7 is connected with the energy storage charging station 5 through an alternating current bus; the number of the energy storage charging stations 5 is n, and n is an integer.
A distribution substation 7, wherein the distribution substation 7 is connected with the energy storage charging station 5 through an alternating current bus;
the control unit in the off-grid movable container quick charging unit is responsible for dynamic connection management of a decommissioned power battery standard box 1, a decommissioned power battery standard box 2 and even a decommissioned power battery standard box device n in the system through CAN1 communication, and simultaneously controls connection between the decommissioned power battery standard box 1, the decommissioned power battery standard box 2 and the decommissioned power battery standard box n and a power direct current bus through main switches K1, K2 and even Kn.
The control unit 2 in the MLiC multi-path intelligent high-voltage box provided by this embodiment communicates with the vehicle-mounted fast charger 1, the vehicle-mounted fast charger 2 and even the vehicle-mounted fast charger N directly through CAN2, coordinates the maximum allowable power supply current and controls the start and end of charging the electric vehicle; and meanwhile, the CAN2 is communicated with an energy storage charging station to coordinate the maximum allowable energy storage charging current and the start and the end of charging the cell stack.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a centralized energy storage and dispatching management station in this embodiment, a centralized monitoring and dispatching server exchanges data and implements control with an energy storage charging station 1, an energy storage charging station 2, an energy storage charging station 3, and even an energy storage charging station M through CAN communication, and exchanges data and implements control with a container fast charging unit 1, a container fast charging unit 2, a container fast charging unit 3, and even a container fast charging unit M through the same CAN communication.
The monitoring and dispatching server also monitors the states of the container quick-charging units through GPRS remote communication, wherein the states comprise charging amount, charging state, health state, position and the like, when a certain container quick-charging unit is found to be insufficient in charging amount and distributed in a certain quick-charging station in a city area, the container quick-charging unit M (M is 1,2, 3, …) in a centralized energy storage and dispatching management station or a nearby container quick-charging unit which can be provided by a joined member is timely allocated according to the information of positioning, navigation road conditions and the like of the certain container quick-charging unit, and a dispatching container trailer quickly replaces the container quick-charging unit with insufficient electric quantity in a charging station.
In this embodiment, the off-grid movable container quick-charging unit may be a standard size container with a chassis, such as a 20-foot, 40-foot or 40-foot high cabinet, and the capacity of the full-electric battery energy storage stack may be 0.8MWh, 1.5MWh and 2MWh according to a power battery standard box using different materials, and may be used to quickly charge 10 to 50 new energy vehicles each day at most.
The container that the lithium titanate battery that this embodiment adopted can quick charge and discharge, long-life and low temperature resistant, safe fills the unit soon, can support a plurality of on-vehicle charging stations to carry out quick charge for new energy automobile simultaneously, more can adapt to various rugged environment safe, reliable simultaneously.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flow chart of the control of the fast charging unit of the off-grid movable container provided by the present invention, which includes the following steps:
first, after the system is powered on, the control unit checks whether the off-grid mobile container quick-charging unit needs to work immediately. If the instant start work is not needed, the command 40 is sent immediately through the CAN2, all vehicle-mounted quick charging devices are closed, the command 41 is sent through the CAN1, power contactors of all power battery standard boxes are disconnected, and meanwhile all switches Ki (i is 1,2, …, n) are disconnected, so that the power connection 40 between the power direct current bus and each power battery standard box is cut off.
Secondly, if it is determined that the container quick-charging unit needs to be operated immediately, the control unit next checks whether it is necessary to provide an off-grid charging service. If the off-grid charging service needs to be provided, the parallel power supply control 43 of the power battery standard box is entered, and then the specific vehicle-mounted charger j44 is started through a CAN2 command, so that the vehicle-mounted charger j enters the normal quick charging service. In the charging service process, if a certain power battery standard box m is found to have a fault or the residual electric quantity is low and the power supply needs to be cut off to stop supplying power, the CAN2 communication is used for controlling the vehicle-mounted charger to quickly reduce the power supply requirement 45, the power supply current 46 of the power battery standard box m is monitored in real time, when the power supply current is determined to be less than 3Amp, the switch Km and the power contactor 47 of the power battery standard box m are immediately disconnected, and then the vehicle-mounted charger is controlled to quickly recover the charging current 48. Due to the reduced standard power cell standard box, power is immediately entered into 56 as soon as the power supply capacity of the stack is found to be insufficient, otherwise normal power supply 49 is maintained.
And if the off-grid charging service is not required to be provided but the energy storage charger is required to supplement power, the dynamic parallel power supplement control 50 is started in the power battery standard box, then the CAN2 communication control energy storage charging station starts to supplement power 51 for the battery pile, in the power supplement process, if a certain power battery standard box m is found to have a fault or is fully charged in advance, disconnection is required to stop power supplement, the CAN2 communication control energy storage charging station rapidly reduces charging current 52, the power supply current 53 of the power battery standard box m is monitored in real time, when the power supply current is determined to be less than 3Amp, the switch Km and the power contactor 54 of the power battery standard box m are immediately disconnected, and then the energy storage charging station is controlled to rapidly recover the charging current 55. And if the standard boxes of the power batteries of the battery stack are fully charged, the control flow is exited, otherwise, the normal charging is continued 57.
In this embodiment, the determination criterion of the full charge of the power battery standard box is reported by the BMS through CAN communication, which varies depending on the battery material. And meanwhile, the maximum allowable current when the switch is disconnected is judged to be different along with different performances of the selected contactor. In this case 3Amp was chosen as the maximum allowed current before opening the contactor.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling equalized power supply of a standard box of a retired power battery in this embodiment, and includes the following steps:
first, the control unit checks the actual voltage, state of charge and fault status 61 of each power cell standard box in the battery energy storage stack through CAN1 communication. If the voltages of the standard boxes of the power batteries are consistent, the balance control is not required to be executed. Further, if any one of the power battery standard boxes i has a fault, the corresponding power battery standard box is immediately disconnected from the connection Ki switch 70 of the power direct current bus, otherwise, all the connection switches Ki (i is 1,2, …, n)62 are directly connected, and then a CAN1 command is immediately sent to close the contactors in the power battery standard boxes. Further, if the average charging state of a certain battery energy storage pile is found to be lower than the set level, for example, 20%, the off-grid movable container quick charging unit 71 is exchanged through the remote communication GPRS application, otherwise, the normal power supply control process is carried out.
Secondly, if the voltages of the power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are determined to be inconsistent, one or more power battery standard boxes 64 with the highest and consistent voltages are immediately found out, and the power battery standard boxes are simultaneously connected to a power direct current bus 65 and then immediately enter a normal power supply control process.
And then, immediately checking the power supply capacity of the battery energy storage stack, and if the capacity is enough to support the quick charging service, entering a normal power supply control flow 66, otherwise entering a reduced power supply control flow 67. Further, if the voltage of the power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack is determined to be inconsistent, the power battery standard boxes which are connected to the power direct current bus and start to supply power are waited to be reduced along with the discharge voltage until the voltage is consistent with the power battery standard boxes with lower voltage, the low-voltage power battery standard boxes are immediately connected to the power direct current bus 68, then the corresponding power battery standard boxes are required to be closed by CAN1 communication, power supply 69 is added until all the power battery standard boxes are connected to the direct current bus, and balance control return is completed.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart of an equalizing charge control method for standard boxes of retired power batteries in this embodiment, including the following steps:
first, the control unit checks the actual voltage, state of charge and fault status 81 of each power cell standard box in the battery energy storage stack via CAN1 communication. If the voltages of the standard boxes of the power batteries are consistent, the balance control is not required to be executed. Further, if any one of the power battery standard boxes i has a fault, the corresponding power battery standard box is immediately disconnected from the connection Ki switch 90 of the power direct current bus, otherwise, all the connection switches Ki (i is 1,2, …, n)82 are directly connected, and then a CAN1 command is immediately sent to close the contactors in the power battery standard boxes. Further, if the average state of charge of a certain cell energy storage stack is found to be not lower than a set level, such as 95%, this instructs the control to stop the charging process through the CAN2, otherwise, the normal charging control process is entered.
Secondly, if the voltages of the power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are determined to be inconsistent, one or more retired power battery standard boxes 84 with the lowest and consistent voltages are immediately found out, and the retired power battery standard boxes are simultaneously connected to the power direct current bus 85 and then immediately enter a normal charging control process.
And immediately checking the actual voltage of the battery energy storage stack, and if the actual voltage is lower than the maximum allowable charging voltage, entering a normal constant-current charging control flow 86, otherwise, entering a constant-voltage charging control flow 87. Further, if the voltage of the power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack is determined to be inconsistent, the power battery standard boxes which are connected to the power direct current bus and start to be charged are waited to rise along with the charging voltage until the voltage is consistent with the power battery standard boxes with higher voltage, the high-voltage power battery standard boxes are immediately connected to the power direct current bus 88, then the corresponding power battery standard boxes are required to be closed through CAN1 communication, charging 89 is added, and the balance control return is completed until all the power battery standard boxes are connected to the direct current bus.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A control method for performing quick charging by using an off-grid movable quick charging system is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1: after the system is powered on, the control unit checks whether the off-grid movable container quick charging unit needs to work immediately, and if the off-grid movable container quick charging unit does not need to start working immediately, the step S2 is carried out; if the work needs to be started immediately, the step S3 is entered; s2: the control unit immediately sends a command through CAN2 to close all vehicle-mounted fast chargers, sends a command through CAN1 to disconnect main contactors of all retired power battery standard boxes, and simultaneously disconnects all main switches to cut off power connection between a power direct current bus and each retired power battery standard box to enter a standby mode; s3: the control unit checks whether the off-grid charging service needs to be provided; if the off-grid charging service needs to be provided, performing parallel power supply balance control on the standard box of the retired power battery, and performing step S4; if the off-grid charging service does not need to be provided, performing dynamic parallel power supply balance control on the standard box of the retired power battery, and performing step S5; s4: the control unit starts the vehicle-mounted fast charger through a CAN2 command, so that the vehicle-mounted fast charger enters normal charging control service; s5: the control unit starts an energy storage charging station through a CAN2 command to enable the battery energy storage stack to enter normal power supply control;
the power battery standard box parallel power supply equalization control in the step S3 includes the following steps: (1) the control unit checks the actual voltage of each retired power battery standard box through CAN1 communication; (2) if the voltages of the retired power battery standard boxes are consistent, further sequentially checking the fault state and the charging state of each retired power battery standard box; if the voltages of the retired power battery standard boxes are determined to be inconsistent, one or more retired power battery standard boxes with the highest and consistent voltages are immediately found out, and the power supply capacity of the battery energy storage stack is immediately checked after the retired power battery standard boxes with the highest and consistent voltages are simultaneously connected to the power direct current bus; if the power supply capacity is enough, entering a normal power supply control process, otherwise entering a reduced power supply control process; (3) continuously determining whether voltages of all retired power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are consistent, if the voltages of all the retired power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are inconsistent, waiting for the retired power battery standard boxes which are connected to the power direct current bus and start to supply power to descend along with discharge voltage until the voltages of the standard boxes are consistent with the voltages of the original low-voltage retired power battery standard boxes, immediately connecting the original low-voltage retired power battery standard boxes to the power direct current bus, then controlling the corresponding retired power battery standard boxes to close the main contactor through CAN1 communication until all the retired power battery standard boxes are connected to the direct current bus, and finishing balanced power supply control of the battery energy storage stack;
the normal charging control flow in step S4 is: in the normal charging control process, if the control unit finds that a certain retired power battery standard box has a fault or has low residual electric quantity and needs to be disconnected to stop supplying power, the control unit controls each vehicle-mounted fast charger to quickly reduce the supply current through CAN2 communication, monitors the supply current of the retired power battery standard box with the fault or low residual electric quantity in real time, immediately disconnects a corresponding main switch and a main contactor of the retired power battery standard box when the supply current is determined to be less than 3Amp, and controls the vehicle-mounted fast charger to quickly recover the charging current; due to the fact that the standard boxes of the retired power batteries for supplying power are reduced, once the fact that the power supply capacity of the battery energy storage stack is insufficient is found, the vehicle-mounted fast charger is started to start charging, a power reducing power supply process is started, and otherwise a normal power supply process is maintained;
the off-grid movable quick charging system utilized by the control method comprises: the system comprises an off-grid movable container quick-charging unit and a centralized energy storage and dispatching management station, wherein the off-grid movable container quick-charging unit comprises a movable container; a battery energy storage stack, a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box MLiC, a vehicle-mounted quick charger and a charging gun are arranged in the movable container; the battery energy storage stack is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted fast charger through a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box MLiC to supply power to the vehicle-mounted fast charger, and the vehicle-mounted fast charger is connected with a charging gun; the off-grid movable container quick charging unit adopts a battery energy storage stack, and can independently and quickly charge the battery of the new energy automobile by means of a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box MLiC and a vehicle-mounted quick charger which are arranged in the movable container under the condition that the power supply support of a power grid is completely unavailable; the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station comprises a monitoring and dispatching server, a power distribution station and an energy storage charging station; the energy storage charging station is electrically connected with the battery energy storage stack through a multi-path intelligent high-voltage box MLiC; the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box MLiC controls an energy storage charging station to supplement power to the battery energy storage stack through CAN2 communication; the power distribution station is connected with the energy storage charging station through an alternating current bus; the monitoring and dispatching server exchanges data and real-time control with the energy storage charging station through CAN communication and GPRS remote communication, and exchanges data and real-time control with the off-grid movable container quick charging unit through CAN communication and GPRS remote communication; the monitoring and dispatching server provides power grid quick charging or renewable energy source power supplementing for the off-grid movable container quick charging unit through the power distribution station.
2. The control method for performing fast charging by using the off-grid mobile fast charging system according to claim 1, wherein the normal charging control process in step S5 comprises: in the normal electricity supplementing control process, if the control unit finds that a certain retired power battery standard box is in fault or is fully charged in advance and needs to be disconnected to stop electricity supplementing, the control unit controls the energy storage charging station to rapidly reduce charging current through CAN2 communication, monitors the charging current of the corresponding retired power battery standard box in real time, immediately disconnects the corresponding main switch and the corresponding retired power battery standard box main contactor when the charging current is determined to be less than 3Amp, and then controls the energy storage charging station to rapidly recover the charging current; and if all the retired power battery standard boxes are confirmed to be fully charged, the control process is exited, and otherwise, the normal charging control process is continued.
3. The control method for performing fast charging by using the off-grid mobile fast charging system according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of checking the fault state and the charging state of each standard box of the retired power battery in the step (2) are as follows: if a certain retired power battery standard box has a fault, immediately disconnecting the corresponding main switch corresponding to the connection between the fault retired power battery standard box and the power direct-current bus, otherwise, directly connecting the main switch of the non-fault retired power battery standard box, immediately sending a CAN1 command, and closing a main contactor in the non-fault retired power battery standard box; further checking the charging state of each retired power battery standard box; if the average charging state of a certain battery energy storage pile is found to be not higher than 20% of the set level, the off-grid movable container quick charging unit is replaced through the GPRS application of remote communication, and otherwise, the normal power supply control process is started.
4. The method for controlling the rapid charging by using the off-grid mobile rapid charging system according to claim 1, wherein the control of the parallel power supply equalization of the standard boxes of the retired power battery in step S3 comprises the following steps: a. the control unit checks the actual voltage of each retired power battery standard box through CAN1 communication; b. if the voltages of the retired power battery standard boxes are consistent, further checking the fault state and the charging state of each retired power battery standard box; if the voltage of each retired power battery standard box is determined to be inconsistent, one or more retired power battery standard boxes with the lowest and consistent voltage are immediately found out, and the actual voltage of the battery energy storage stack is immediately checked after the retired power battery standard boxes with the lowest and consistent voltage are simultaneously connected to the power direct current bus; if the voltage is lower than the maximum allowable charging voltage, entering a constant-current charging control process, otherwise, entering a constant-voltage charging control process; c. and continuously determining whether the voltages of all the retired power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are consistent, if the voltages of all the retired power battery standard boxes in the battery energy storage stack are inconsistent, waiting for the retired power battery standard boxes which are connected to the power direct current bus and start to be charged to rise along with the charging voltage until the voltages of the standard boxes are consistent with the voltages of the retired power battery standard boxes with the original high voltages, immediately connecting the retired power battery standard boxes with the original high voltages to the power direct current bus, and then controlling the corresponding retired power battery standard boxes to close the main contactor through CAN1 communication until all the retired power battery standard boxes are connected to the power direct current bus, thereby completing the balance control of battery energy storage stack electricity compensation.
5. The method for controlling the rapid charging by using the off-grid movable rapid charging system according to claim 4, wherein the specific steps of checking the fault state and the charging state of each standard box of the retired power battery in the step b are as follows: if a certain retired power battery standard box has a fault, immediately disconnecting the corresponding main switch corresponding to the connection between the fault retired power battery standard box and the power direct-current bus, otherwise, directly connecting the main switch of the non-fault retired power battery standard box, immediately sending a CAN1 command, and closing a main contactor in the non-fault retired power battery standard box; further checking the charging state of each retired power battery standard box; and if the average charging state of a certain battery energy storage stack is found to be higher than 95% of the set level, controlling the energy storage charging station to stop the charging process through CAN2 communication, and otherwise, entering a normal power supply control flow.
6. The control method for performing quick charge by using the off-grid movable quick charge system according to claim 1, wherein the battery energy storage stack is formed by dynamically connecting a plurality of retired power battery standard boxes in parallel; and the number of the plurality of ex-service power battery standard boxes contained in the battery energy storage stack can be dynamically increased and decreased.
7. The control method for performing quick charging by using the off-grid movable quick charging system according to claim 6, wherein the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box MLiC comprises a control unit, a main switch group and a power direct current bus; the main switch group comprises a plurality of main switches Ki, wherein i is 1,2, …, n; the control unit directly controls the on and off of the main switches and controls the on and off of the main contactors in each retired power battery standard box through CAN1 communication; the quantity of main switch with the quantity of retired power battery standard box is n, and n is more than or equal to 1's integer, control unit passes through CAN1 communication dynamic connection retired power battery standard box 1, retired power battery standard box 2 … … retired power battery standard box n, and control retired power battery standard box 1, retired power battery standard box 2 … … retired power battery standard box n passes through main switch K1, main switch K2 … … main switch Kn and power direct current bus connection simultaneously.
8. The control method for performing quick charging by using the off-grid movable quick charging system according to claim 7, wherein the number of the vehicle-mounted quick chargers is N, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the control unit in the multi-path intelligent high-voltage box MLiC is directly communicated with the vehicle-mounted fast charger 1 and the vehicle-mounted fast charger 2 … … N through CAN2 communication, coordinates the maximum allowable power supply current and controls the start and the end of charging the new energy automobile; meanwhile, the control unit is communicated with an energy storage charging station through the CAN2 to coordinate the maximum allowable energy storage charging current and control the start and the end of charging the battery energy storage stack.
9. The method for controlling the quick charging by using the off-grid movable quick charging system according to claim 8, wherein an independent cooling system is installed in the off-grid movable container quick charging unit, and a battery energy storage stack is used for supplying power to respectively provide cooling water circulation and heat dissipation for a retired power battery standard box and a vehicle-mounted quick charger in the battery energy storage stack, so that the continuous, stable and independent operation of the off-grid movable container quick charging unit is ensured.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the standard case of retired power batteries comprises lithium titanate batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, ternary lithium batteries, lithium manganate batteries, metal air batteries and solid state lithium batteries.
11. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the decommissioned power battery standard box has a unified voltage platform, an electrical interface and a CAN communication protocol, and the ID address of the CAN communication CAN be manually set through calibration.
12. The method for controlling the quick charging by using the off-grid mobile quick charging system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring and scheduling server remotely monitors the state of each off-grid mobile container quick charging unit through GPRS remote communication, the state comprises a charging amount, a charging state, a health state and a position, when the monitoring and scheduling server finds that the electric quantity of a certain off-grid mobile container quick charging unit is lower than a replacement threshold value, a scheduling container trailer is optimized according to the actual residual electric quantity of the mobile container quick charging unit and a route and a distance of a replacement stroke, and an appropriate off-grid mobile container quick charging unit in the system is selected to replace the mobile container quick charging unit in time, so that continuous charging service of the electric vehicle is ensured.
13. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the off-grid mobile quick charging system further comprises an affiliated container quick charging unit inbound system, which allows socially independent operators or individuals to apply for members of class a or class B; the class A member can use the field, the charging resource, the trailer resource and the maintenance resource of the centralized energy storage and dispatching management station to receive the charging service dispatching management of the off-grid movable quick charging system; the B-class member can use own unique charging resource, maintenance resource and trailer resource, and optimizes the replacement route for automatic allocation and use according to the capacity, the current charging state and the specific location of the off-grid movable container quick charging unit, so as to ensure reasonable and optimal allocation of the electric vehicle quick charging resource; the unique charging resources comprise power supply of a power grid, methane power generation, platycodon root power generation, alcohol ether fuel power generation, solar power generation and wind power generation.
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