CN110605233B

CN110605233B - Building waste screening device and screening method

Info

Publication number: CN110605233B
Application number: CN201910898035.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王建陇; 傅鑫源; 傅炳煌
Original assignee: Quangong Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Quangong Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-23
Filing date: 2019-09-23
Publication date: 2024-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-23
Also published as: CN110605233A

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction waste screening device, which comprises a bracket, a screen bar and a limiting plate; the screen bars are rotatably connected with the bracket, each screen bar can rotate independently relative to the bracket, and a gap is reserved between two adjacent screen bars; a limiting plate is arranged on one side of the position where the screen rod is rotationally connected with the bracket; the limiting plate is positioned below the screen bars; the construction waste screening device can effectively solve the problem that light sundries in the prior art easily block sieve holes; the invention also provides a screening method.

Description

Building waste screening device and screening method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of construction waste recovery, in particular to a construction waste screening device and a screening method.

Background

In the current construction solid waste treatment work, multistage screening is needed to separate out the effective components for recycling, and the primary screening is to screen out the soil part of the large solid waste before crushing so as to ensure that the soil is not mixed into the crushed fine materials.

In the prior art, equipment for screening ores on mines is generally adopted for screening building solid wastes, and as a plurality of light impurities such as wood, plastics and cable wires are mixed in the building solid wastes, when the light impurities pass through a screen of the ore screening equipment, the screen is easy to block and is tighter along with the vibration of the screen, so that the follow-up use is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the construction waste screening device which can effectively solve the problem that light sundries in the prior art easily block sieve holes.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction waste screening apparatus including a bracket, a screen bar, and a limiting plate; the screen bars are rotatably connected with the bracket, each screen bar can rotate independently relative to the bracket, and a gap is reserved between two adjacent screen bars; a limiting plate is arranged on one side of the position where the screen rod is rotationally connected with the bracket; and the limiting plate is positioned below the screen bars.

Further, the right end of the screen bar is lower than the left end.

Further, the construction waste screening device further comprises a vibration exciter, and the vibration exciter is in driving connection with the plurality of screen bars.

Further, the construction waste screening device further comprises a vibration sensor and a control device, wherein the vibration sensor is used for detecting the vibration force of the screen rod; the vibration sensor is electrically connected with the control device, and the control device is electrically connected with the vibration exciter.

Further, the output end of the vibration exciter is connected with a vibration exciting shaft, a plurality of second shaft seats are sleeved on the vibration exciting shaft, and the second shaft seats are connected with the screen bars.

Further, the construction waste screening device further comprises a limiting shaft, the limiting shaft penetrates through the second shaft seat and can slide in the shaft seat, and the limiting shaft is fixedly connected with the support.

Further, the construction waste sieving mechanism still includes the blanking board, and the one end of blanking board is rotated through first pivot and support and is connected, and the other end of blanking board is taken and is put on many screen bars.

Further, the screen bars extend along a curve in the length direction, the curve protruding downwards.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a screening method using the construction waste screening apparatus described above, comprising the steps of: s1, directly or indirectly dumping construction waste to a screen bar; s2, the plurality of screen bars vibrate independently and drive the construction waste to vibrate, so that soil attached to the construction waste falls into gaps between two adjacent screen bars after being vibrated.

Further, the screening method further comprises the following steps: s3, detecting vibration force of the screen bar by a vibration sensor and transmitting the vibration force to a control device; s4, the control device compares the vibration force of the screen rod with a preset force; and S5, when the vibration force of the screen rod is smaller than the preset force, the control device controls the vibration exciter to be started.

By applying the construction waste screening device, as the screen bars can rotate relatively independently, the screen bars are limited by the limiting plates and can vibrate relative to the bracket; compared with the prior art, the integral screen is adopted, the gaps among the screen bars can be changed, so that light waste such as wood bars and the like is not easy to clamp in the gaps, and the situation that the light waste deposited in the building waste screening device blocks the screening device is avoided.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a side view of a construction waste screening apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a semi-sectional side view of the construction waste screening apparatus of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a construction waste screening apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view in the direction E of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an electronic control system of the construction waste screening apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 at A;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view at C in FIG. 2;

fig. 9 is an enlarged view at D in fig. 2.

The above figures contain the following reference numerals:

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, a plurality means one or more, and a plurality means two or more, and it is understood that greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. does not include the present number, and it is understood that greater than, less than, within, etc. include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a construction waste screening apparatus includes a bracket 1, a screen bar 9 and a limiting plate 15; the screen bars 9 are multiple, the screen bars 9 are rotationally connected with the bracket 1, each screen bar 9 can independently rotate relative to the bracket 1, and a gap is reserved between two adjacent screen bars 9; a limiting plate 15 is arranged on one side of the position where the screen rod 9 is rotationally connected with the bracket 1; and the limiting plate 15 is positioned below the screen bars 9.

By applying the construction waste screening device of the embodiment, as the screen bars 9 can rotate relatively independently, the screen bars 9 are limited by the limiting plate 15 and can vibrate relative to the bracket 1; compared with the prior art that an integral screen is adopted, the gaps among the screen bars can be changed, so that light waste such as wood bars and the like is not easy to clamp in the gaps, and the situation that the light waste deposited in the building waste screening device blocks the screening device is avoided.

In the production process, the construction waste screening device of the embodiment can be applied to the primary screening process of construction waste, namely, the soil part in the large solid waste is screened out before crushing, so as to ensure that the soil is not mixed with fine materials after crushing; the construction waste screening device of the embodiment can also be applied to other screening links according to the need.

Wherein independent rotation means that the rotation of each screen bar 9 does not affect each other, and each screen bar 9 can have different rotation positions at the same time.

When the construction waste screening device stops working, one end of the screen rod 9 is lapped on the limiting plate 15; when the device works, the screen rod 9 vibrates relative to the bracket 1 under the action of exciting force and elastic force of the limiting plate 15, and soil attached to construction waste falling onto the screen rod 9 is vibrated to fall down below the screen rod 9, so that screening is completed.

Referring to fig. 2 and 8, in order to facilitate the installation of a plurality of screen bars 9 on the support 1, a shaft seat may be disposed below each screen bar 9, and a plurality of shaft seats may be sleeved on the connecting shaft 8, where the connecting shaft 8 is fixedly connected with the support 1.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to reduce noise and impact force generated when the screen rod 9 vibrates and to ensure a certain gap between the screen rods 9, a rubber pad 18 may be disposed between two adjacent shaft seats, and a plurality of rubber pads 18 may be sleeved on the connecting shaft 8.

As shown in fig. 4 and 9, in order to apply a constraint in the horizontal direction to the screen rod 9 by the rubber pad 18 while vibrating the screen rod 9 up and down, a damping effect is achieved when the screen rod 9 shakes in the horizontal direction, a plurality of limit grooves are provided on the limit plate 15, and limit wedges 16 are provided on each screen rod 9, and when the screen rod 9 falls onto the limit plate 15, the limit wedges 16 fall into the limit grooves, and the screen rod 9 does not deviate greatly in the horizontal direction under the constraint of the limit grooves.

As shown in fig. 1, the vertical direction is parallel to the up-down direction in fig. 1, and the horizontal direction is perpendicular to the vertical direction.

Wherein, the limiting plate 15 can be made of engineering plastics or other tough materials with better wear resistance.

As shown in fig. 2, in order to allow the screen bar 9 to absorb the impact of the construction waste falling onto the screen bar 9 and vibrate with this as power, while the construction waste from which the soil is screened out can automatically slide out of the construction waste screening apparatus, the right end of the screen bar 9 may be set lower than the left end; because the energy of excitation vibration comes from the impact of construction waste, compared with the prior art that the vibrating screen relies on an electric vibration exciter to provide vibration energy, the energy can be effectively saved.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, in order to improve the situation that the screening effect is poor due to insufficient impact force of the construction waste, the vibration exciter 3 in driving connection with a plurality of screen rods 9 can be additionally arranged in the construction waste screening device, when the vibration force of the screen rods 9 is too small, the vibration exciter 3 can be started manually or automatically by a control device, the vibration of the screen rods 9 is enhanced, and when the vibration intensity of the screen rods 9 is enough, the vibration exciter 3 is closed; compared with the method that the vibrating screen in the prior art only relies on the vibration exciter 3 to provide vibration, the impact force of the bracket 1 on the bottom surface is effectively reduced; the vibration condition can be observed by a field worker, the vibration exciter 3 is started manually, and the on-off of the vibration exciter 3 can be automatically controlled by an automatic control device.

In particular, since the screen rod 9 can vibrate by means of the impact from the construction waste, the exciter 3 only needs to be started when the vibration force is too small, and compared with the prior art that the power source for providing all vibration by means of the exciter 3 can effectively save the electric energy required for driving the exciter 3.

As shown in fig. 5, in order to realize automatic control of the vibration exciter 3, when the vibration intensity of the screen rod 9 is insufficient, the vibration exciter 3 is started in time to strengthen the vibration of the screen rod 9, and a vibration sensor 20 and a control device can be additionally arranged in the construction waste screening device, wherein the vibration sensor 20 is used for detecting the vibration force of the screen rod 9; the vibration sensor 20 is electrically connected to a control device, which is electrically connected to the vibration exciter 3.

Further, an electric control switch 25 may be added to the building waste screening device, the electric control switch 25 is electrically connected to the controller 22, and the electric control switch 25 can switch on or off the circuit of the power supply 24 for supplying power to the vibration exciter 3.

As shown in fig. 5, the control device comprises a controller 22, a comparator 21 and a preset regulator 23, wherein the negative electrode of the comparator 21 is connected with the vibration sensor 20, the positive electrode of the comparator 21 is connected with the preset force sensor, and the output end of the comparator 21 is connected with the controller 22; the controller 22 may be a PLC controller.

As shown in fig. 2 and 7, in order to enable the vibration exciter 3 to enhance the vibration of a plurality of screen rods 9, an excitation shaft 13 may be disposed at the output end of the vibration exciter 3, a plurality of second shaft seats 14 are sleeved on the excitation shaft 13, the second shaft seats 14 are connected with the screen rods 9, and the excitation shaft 13 pushes the screen rods 9 through a driving shaft seat to enhance the vibration of the screen rods 9.

In order to prevent the vibration amplitude of the driving shaft seat of the vibration exciter 3 from being too large and damaging equipment, a limiting shaft 12 can be additionally arranged in the building waste screening device, the limiting shaft 12 penetrates through a second shaft seat 14, the limiting shaft 12 can slide in the second shaft seat 14, and the limiting shaft 12 is fixedly connected with the bracket 1.

In particular, as the vibration exciter 3 only needs to drive the screen rod 9 to vibrate, compared with the method of driving the whole screening device to vibrate in the prior art, the power required by the vibration exciter 3 is greatly reduced, so that the effect can be achieved by selecting the vibration exciter 3 with smaller power; meanwhile, as the vibration exciter 3 only needs to drive the screen rod 9 to vibrate, the impact of the whole screening device on the ground is small, and therefore, the construction waste screening device and the fixed foundation of the ground are easy to build.

As shown in fig. 2, in order to prevent excessive rotation of the screen rod 9 relative to the bracket 1, a first limiting block 7 and a second limiting block 11 may be added, the first limiting block 7 and the second limiting block 11 are located at two sides of the position where the screen rod 9 is rotationally connected with the bracket 1, that is, the position where the connecting shaft 8 is located, and the first limiting block 7 and the second limiting block 11 are located below the screen rod 9; two limiting plates 15 located at both sides of the position where the screen bar 9 is rotatably connected to the bracket 1 prevent the screen bar 9 from being excessively rotated in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

As shown in fig. 2, in order to make the impact force of blanking uniformly act on the plurality of screen bars 9, a blanking plate 6 may be provided, one end of the blanking plate 6 is rotatably connected with the bracket 1 through the first rotating shaft 5, and the other end of the blanking plate 6 is placed on the plurality of screen bars 9; when the blanking falls on the blanking plate 6, the blanking plate 6 is impacted to vibrate, and the plurality of screen bars 9 are driven to vibrate.

As shown in fig. 6, the blanking plate 6 is rotatably connected with the first rotating shaft 5, the first rotating shaft 5 and the screen bars 9 are positioned at two ends of the blanking plate 6, and the first rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected with the bracket 1.

As shown in fig. 1, in order to enable construction waste to fall onto the blanking plate 6 accurately, a blanking port 17 may be added above the blanking plate 6.

As shown in fig. 2, in order to enable the screen rod 9 to sufficiently absorb the kinetic energy of the construction waste and slow down the movement speed of the construction waste, to avoid excessive impact of the construction waste on the next-stage equipment, the screen rod 9 may be provided to extend along a curve in the length direction and the curve may be provided to be convex downward.

In order to alleviate the impact of the bracket on the ground, a vibration damping pad 19 may be provided at a portion between the bracket and the ground.

Example 2

This embodiment proposes a screening method using the construction waste screening apparatus of embodiment 1 on the basis of embodiment 1, the method comprising: s1, directly or indirectly dumping construction waste to a screen bar 9; s2, the plurality of screen bars 9 vibrate independently and drive the construction waste to vibrate, so that soil attached to the construction waste falls into gaps between two adjacent screen bars after being vibrated.

Wherein, the direct dumping of the construction waste material means dumping the construction waste material above the screen bars 9, and the impact force of the construction waste material is transmitted to the screen bars 9 to vibrate the screen bars 9; indirectly dumping the construction waste means dumping the construction waste onto other components, transferring the impact of the construction waste to the other components and then onto the screen bar 9 via the other components, causing the screen bar 9 to vibrate, for example dumping the construction waste onto the blanking plate 6.

Further, the screening method further comprises: s3, controlling the vibration sensor 20 to detect the vibration force of the screen bar 9 and transmitting the vibration force to the control device; s4, the control device compares the vibration force of the screen rod 9 with a preset force; and S5, when the vibration force of the screen rod 9 is smaller than the preset force, the control device controls the vibration exciter 3 to be started.

Because the vibration exciter 3 is started only when the screen rod 9 is insufficient in vibration, compared with the condition that the vibration exciter 3 is always started in the prior art, the electric energy for driving the vibration exciter to operate can be effectively saved.

The vibration sensor 20 may be installed near the screen bar 9 to directly detect the vibration force of the screen bar 9, or the vibration sensor 20 may be installed near the blanking plate 6 to indirectly detect the vibration force of the screen bar 9 by detecting the vibration force of the blanking plate 6.

In order to reduce the power of the control device and reduce the control difficulty of the control system, step S3 further includes: when the vibration force of the screen rod 9 is smaller than the preset force, the control device controls the electric control switch 25 to be closed, so that the power supply 24 supplies power to the vibration exciter 3.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The construction waste screening device is characterized by comprising a bracket (1), a screen bar (9), a limiting plate (15), a first limiting block (7) and a second limiting block (11); the screen bars (9) are multiple, the screen bars (9) are rotationally connected with the bracket (1), each screen bar (9) can independently rotate relative to the bracket (1), and a gap is reserved between every two adjacent screen bars (9); a limiting plate (15) is arranged on one side of the position where the screen bar (9) is rotationally connected with the bracket (1); and the limiting plate (15) is positioned below the screen bar (9);

the first limiting block (7) and the second limiting block (11) are positioned at the positions where the screen bars (9) are rotationally connected with the bracket (1), and the first limiting block (7) and the second limiting block (11) are positioned below the screen bars (9); two limiting plates (15) positioned on two sides of the position where the screen rod (9) is rotationally connected with the bracket (1) can prevent the screen rod (9) from rotating excessively in the clockwise or anticlockwise direction.

2. Construction waste screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that the right end of the screen bar (9) is lower than the left end.

3. The construction waste screening apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a vibration exciter (3), the vibration exciter (3) being in driving connection with a plurality of the screen bars (9).

4. A construction waste screening device according to claim 3, further comprising a vibration sensor (20) and a control device, the vibration sensor (20) being adapted to detect a vibratory force of the screen bar (9); the vibration sensor (20) is electrically connected with the control device, and the control device is electrically connected with the vibration exciter (3).

5. The construction waste screening device according to claim 4, wherein the output end of the vibration exciter (3) is connected with a vibration exciting shaft (13), a plurality of second shaft seats (14) are sleeved on the vibration exciting shaft (13), and the second shaft seats (14) are connected with the screen bars (9).

6. The construction waste screening device according to claim 5, further comprising a limiting shaft (12), wherein the limiting shaft (12) is arranged through the second shaft seat (14) in a penetrating manner, the limiting shaft (12) can slide in the shaft seat, and the limiting shaft (12) is fixedly connected with the support (1).

7. The construction waste screening device according to claim 1, further comprising a blanking plate (6), wherein one end of the blanking plate (6) is rotatably connected with the bracket (1) through a first rotating shaft (5), and the other end of the blanking plate (6) is placed on a plurality of screen bars (9).

8. Construction waste screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that the screen bars (9) extend in the length direction along a curve, which curve protrudes downwards.

9. A screening method using the construction waste screening apparatus according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1, directly or indirectly dumping the construction waste to the screen bar (9);

s2, the screen bars (9) vibrate independently and drive the construction waste to vibrate, so that soil attached to the construction waste falls into gaps between two adjacent screen bars after being vibrated.

10. The method of screening according to claim 9, further comprising the step of:

s3, detecting the vibration force of the screen bar (9) by a vibration sensor (20) and transmitting the vibration force to a control device;

s4, the control device compares the vibration force of the screen bar (9) with a preset force;

and S5, when the vibration force of the screen rod (9) is smaller than a preset force, the control device controls the vibration exciter (3) to be started.