CN110603351A - Multilayer-structured spun yarn, and heat-resistant fabric and heat-resistant protective clothing using same - Google Patents
Multilayer-structured spun yarn, and heat-resistant fabric and heat-resistant protective clothing using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110603351A CN110603351A CN201880023316.9A CN201880023316A CN110603351A CN 110603351 A CN110603351 A CN 110603351A CN 201880023316 A CN201880023316 A CN 201880023316A CN 110603351 A CN110603351 A CN 110603351A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
- D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/14—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polycondensates of cyclic compounds, e.g. polyimides, polybenzimidazoles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a multilayer-structured spun yarn, and a heat-resistant fabric and a heat-resistant protective garment using the same, wherein the multilayer-structured spun yarn is characterized in that a core component (21) is a drawn and cut spun p-aramid fiber yarn, a sheath component (22) is a multilayer-structured spun yarn (20) comprising polybenzimidazole fiber, wherein the sheath component (22) comprises polybenzimidazole fiber and p-aramid fiber and is blended, and when the sheath component (22) is 100 mass%, the polybenzimidazole fiber: para-aramid fiber 50: 50-65: 35, the core component (21) is a copolymer para-aramid fiber yarn, and the para-aramid fiber of the sheath component (22) is a homopolymer para-aramid fiber. The heat-resistant fabric of the present invention uses the multilayer-structured spun yarn, and the heat-resistant protective clothing of the present invention includes the heat-resistant fabric. Thus, a multilayer-structured spun yarn having high strength, heat resistance and flame retardancy, and a heat-resistant fabric and a heat-resistant protective garment using the spun yarn can be provided.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a multilayer-structured spun yarn comprising a polybenzimidazole fiber and a para-aramid fiber, and a heat-resistant fabric and a heat-resistant protective garment using the same.
Background
Protective clothing is used as operation clothing for fire fighting, emergency crews, life-saving crews, sea-life crews, military forces, operators of oil-related facilities, operators of chemical plants, and the like. In recent years, polybenzimidazole fibers having excellent heat resistance and flame retardancy have been used for firefighter uniforms in the united states, canada, australia, and some europe. Since the strength of the fiber is weak and is about 2.4cN/decitex (hereinafter, decitex will be abbreviated as dtex), a woven fabric formed by interweaving aramid fibers is generally used. In this fabric, one of the warp or weft is constituted by a staple yarn composed of polybenzimidazole fiber, and the other is constituted by a filament composed of para-aramid fiber. As another fabric excellent in heat resistance and flame retardancy, the present inventors proposed a core-sheath spun yarn using a para-aramid fiber as a core and a meta-aramid fiber, a flame-retardant acrylic fiber, a polyetherimide fiber, or the like as a sheath (patent documents 1 to 2). Further, the present inventors have proposed, in patent document 3, a multi-layer structure spun yarn in which a core is made of a stretch-cut spun yarn of a para-aramid fiber and a sheath is made of a blend fiber of a flame-retardant fiber other than the para-aramid fiber and a polybenzimidazole fiber.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: WO2009/014007 publication
Patent document 2: WO2012/137556 publication
Patent document 3: japanese patent No. 5972420
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, the fiber compositions of patent documents 1 to 3 have problems of insufficient strength, heat resistance and flame retardancy. Patent document 3 solves the problems that aramid fibers are easily subjected to specific fibrillation and deterioration in strength and discoloration under ultraviolet light by not adding aramid fibers to the sheath component, but even if such problems are present, protective clothing having higher strength, heat resistance and flame retardancy is required.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer-structured spun yarn having high strength, heat resistance, and flame retardancy, and a heat-resistant fabric and a heat-resistant protective garment using the same.
Means for solving the problems
The multilayer-structure spun yarn of the present invention is characterized by having a core component of a spun, stretch-cut para-aramid fiber yarn and a sheath component of a polybenzimidazole fiber, wherein the sheath component comprises a polybenzimidazole fiber and a para-aramid fiber, and is blended, and when the sheath component is 100 mass%, the polybenzimidazole fiber: para-aramid fiber 50: 50-65: 35, the core component is a copolymer para-aramid fiber yarn, and the para-aramid fiber of the sheath component is a homopolymer para-aramid fiber.
The heat-resistant fabric of the present invention is characterized by using the multilayer-structured spun yarn. The heat-resistant protective clothing of the present invention is characterized by comprising the heat-resistant fabric.
Effects of the invention
The multilayer-structure spun staple yarn of the present invention is a multilayer-structure spun staple yarn having a core component of a stretch-cut spun p-aramid fiber yarn and a sheath component of a polybenzimidazole fiber, wherein the sheath component comprises a polybenzimidazole fiber and a p-aramid fiber and is blended, and when the sheath component is defined as 100 mass%, the sheath component is a polybenzimidazole fiber: para-aramid fiber 50: 50-65: 35, the core component is a copolymer para-aramid fiber yarn, and the para-aramid fiber of the sheath component is a homopolymer para-aramid fiber, thereby providing a multilayer-structured spun yarn having high strength, heat resistance and flame retardancy, and a heat-resistant fabric and a heat-resistant protective garment using the spun yarn. That is, when the sheath component is defined as 100 mass%, the coating composition is prepared by coating a polybenzimidazole fiber: para-aramid fiber 50: 50-65: the mixing ratio of 35 can keep the strength, heat resistance and flame retardancy high. Further, by using a copolymer para-aramid fiber yarn having a relatively low heat resistance although having a high strength as a core component, the strength can be improved, and by adding a homopolymer para-aramid fiber having a relatively high heat resistance to a sheath component, the heat resistance and flame retardancy can be maintained in a high state.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a main part of a ring spinning machine for producing a core-sheath structured spun yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a core-sheath structured spun yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a weave pattern of a fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a weave pattern of a fabric according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a combustion drop test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a side view of the combustion drop test apparatus.
Detailed Description
The multilayer-structure spun staple yarn of the present invention is a multilayer-structure spun staple yarn having a core component of a stretch-cut spun p-aramid fiber yarn and a sheath component of a polybenzimidazole fiber, wherein the sheath component comprises a polybenzimidazole fiber and a p-aramid fiber and is blended, and when the sheath component is defined as 100 mass%, the sheath component is a polybenzimidazole fiber: para-aramid fiber 50: 50-65: 35, the core component is a copolymer para-aramid fiber yarn, and the para-aramid fiber of the sheath component is a homopolymer para-aramid fiber. Polybenzimidazole (hereinafter also referred to as "PBI") fibers are, for example, fibers made of a polymer of 2,2 '-m-phenylenediamine-5, 5' -dibenzoimidazole, and have a thermal decomposition temperature of more than 600 ℃, a load deflection temperature of 410 ℃, a glass transition temperature of 427 ℃, and an Oxygen Index (OI) value of 41 or more. Even when the fiber was exposed to air at 230 ℃ for 2 weeks, the strength retention rate was 95%, and the fiber performance was maintained up to 1000 ℃ in nitrogen, and the fiber was essentially nonflammable and highly heat-resistant (see " expansion coefficient of medical department" 848 , as a pill, which was as good as 3/25/14 years). PBI fibers are known as products manufactured by pbiperperformance products, inc.
The PBI fiber used in the sheath component is preferably a semi-finished or spun-dyed fiber. Here, the semi-finished product refers to a state in which dope dyeing or dyeing is not performed. The PBI fibers were yellow in the semi-finished state. Therefore, color mixing is performed with this yellow color. Dope dyeing is a fiber obtained by adding a colorant to a polymer to color (for example, black) and then fiberizing the resulting product.
The copolymer used as the core component is aramid fiber, which is available under the trade name "Technira" from Imperial corporation. The "Technora" is copolyphenylene-3, 4' -oxydiphenylene-terephthalamide. These fibers have a tensile strength of 24.5 to 24.7cN/dtex, a thermal decomposition initiation temperature of about 500 ℃ and an Oxygen Index (OI) value of 25.
Homopolymeric para-aramid fibers (polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fibers) used as the sheath component are known by the trade name "Kevlar" manufactured by Du pont, usa (the same trade name is also used by Toray Du pont, japan), the trade name "Twaron" manufactured by imperial, china nicotintai, and the trade name "tepralon" manufactured by tai corporation, and the like, and are rigid. The homopolymeric para-aramid fiber (polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber) has a tensile strength of 20.3 to 23.7cN/dtex, a thermal decomposition initiation temperature of about 520 ℃ and an Oxygen Index (OI) value of 29.
The homopolymeric para-aramid fibers used as the sheath component have a characteristic problem that the para-aramid fibers are easily fibrillated and easily deteriorated in strength and discolored by ultraviolet rays, but such a problem does not become a serious problem if, for example, the durability of the firefighter uniform is 7 to 8 years and the fiber can withstand the above period. Further, fibrillation can be solved by reducing the number of washing operations and coloring the fabric brightly (for example, beige, orange, yellow, and green) so as not to be conspicuous, and the problem of deterioration in strength and discoloration under ultraviolet light can be solved by drying the fabric during storage indoors or after washing.
In the present invention, when the sheath component is 100 mass%, the PBI fiber is preferably 50 to 65 mass% and the homopolymeric para-aramid fiber is preferably 35 to 50 mass%, and the PBI fiber is more preferably 52 to 63 mass% and the homopolymeric para-aramid fiber is preferably 37 to 48 mass%. When the amount is within the above range, the balance among strength, heat resistance and flame retardancy can be maintained high.
When the multilayer-structure spun yarn is defined as 100% by mass, the core component is preferably 20 to 40% by mass, the sheath component is preferably 60 to 80% by mass, and the core component is more preferably 22 to 38% by mass, and the sheath component is preferably 62 to 78% by mass. If the core component is less than 20 mass%, the stretch-broken spun yarn of the core component must be extremely finely cut, and it is difficult to produce the stretch-broken spun yarn. In addition, if the core component exceeds 40 mass%, the covering property of the sheath fiber is lowered. When the sheath component is less than 60% by mass, the covering property is not good, and when it exceeds 80% by mass, the fineness of the whole multilayer-structured spun yarn is undesirably increased.
The PBI fibers are preferably tow cut fibers cut from warp yarn bundles, or bias cut or angle cut fibers. In the case of the tow-cut fiber obtained by cutting the warp yarn bundle, the fiber is similar to the para-aramid fiber yarn of the core component of the tow-cut spun yarn (both are tow-cut fibers), and therefore, the multi-layer staple yarn having a good affinity between the core component and the sheath component and a good integrity is obtained. The sheath component may also be beveled or chamfered. The beveling means that the rectangular cutting and beveling are alternately repeated with respect to the traveling direction of the long fiber bundle (tow). For example, in the case of an 76/102mm chamfer, the fiber lengths are evenly distributed from the shortest 76mm to the longest 102 mm. In contrast, since the square cutting is repeated only for a certain length, for example, in the case of performing the square cutting of 51mm, all the fiber lengths are 51 mm.
In recent years, commercial products having a stepwise distribution called a mixed cut, such as 76mm (33%) +89mm (34%) +102mm (33%), in which corner cuts having different fiber lengths are mixed, for example, have been distributed in the market. The fiber length of the cut fiber is preferably in the range of 30 to 180mm, more preferably 45 to 150mm, and particularly preferably 50 to 125 mm. If within this range, the intensity can be maintained higher. The single fiber fineness is preferably in the range of 1 to 5dtex, and more preferably in the range of 1.5 to 4 dtex.
The sheath component fiber is processed into a coated short fiber bundle having an optimum shape and form by a spinning method according to the fineness and fiber length thereof. Continental worsted spinning (Continental system textile spinning) is a process suitable for wool having a large denier and a long fiber length. Here, the mixing of the hue and the different fibers is performed by, for example, passing a plurality of fiber bundles (slivers) each having a composition of 100% through a cross-type carding machine (interlacing box) and performing parallel and leveling by the doubling (doubling) and drawing (drawing) actions in the subsequent combing and pre-spinning steps. This method is hereinafter referred to as "sliver blending". The method has good yield, and is suitable for small-scale production of multiple varieties. In contrast, cotton spinning is a method suitable for cotton having a fine fineness and a short fiber length. Here, mixing of the hue and the foreign fiber is mainly performed by a carding machine in the opening picking and carding processes. Hereinafter, this method is referred to as "cotton and cotton blending" and is suitable for mass production of small varieties because of poor yield.
The coating fiber is preferably blended with an antistatic fiber. If the antistatic fiber is blended, the ignition caused by static electricity can be prevented. The antistatic fiber is preferably blended in a range of 0.1 to 1 mass%.
The multilayer-structured spun yarn has a count in metric units in the range of 28 to 52 (fineness: 357 to 192 dtex). Within this range, protective clothing with good operability can be obtained.
The present invention is a heat-resistant fabric produced using the multilayer-structured spun yarn. The fabric is preferably a woven fabric. In the flame resistance test of EN532, the heat-resistant fabric preferably has an average after flame time of 2 seconds or less without opening the end portion of the flame and without melt. In addition, the heat-resistant fabric preferably has a shrinkage of 5% or less without melting, dropping, separating, or igniting the fabric at 180 ℃ for 5 minutes in the ISO 11613-1999 heat resistance test. These physical properties are excellent in both heat resistance and flame retardancy.
The heat-resistant fabric preferably does not show whitening or discoloration even after 5 washes, as long as it does not show appearance defects due to fibrillation, in accordance with ISO 6330-1984 and 2A-E specified in International Performance Standard ISO 11613-1999 as a test for measuring washing resistance. This enables the product value to be maintained high. The light resistance is preferably grade 2 to 3 or more in both the carbon arc lamp test of JIS L0842.7.2(a) and the xenon arc lamp test of JIS L0843. This reduces discoloration by light, and can maintain the product value at a high level.
The heat-resistant protective clothing comprising the heat-resistant fabric of the present invention is suitable as an operation clothing for emergency crews, lifesaving crews, maritime rescuers, military forces, operators of oil-related facilities, operators of chemical plants, and the like, in addition to firefighters. In the case of a firefighter uniform, the heat-resistant fabric of the present invention is preferably used for the outer layer. This is because the heat resistance is high.
Next, the core-sheath spun yarn will be described. First, a stretch-cut spun yarn was used as a core component. The core component is a copolymer para-aramid fiber yarn through stretch-breaking spinning. Here, the stretch-cut spun yarn is a yarn obtained by pulling a long fiber bundle (tow) to cut (stretch-cut) the bundle and twisting the bundle to obtain a spun yarn. The spinning method may be a direct spinning method in which one spinning machine is used to perform drawing-twisting, or a method in which a sliver is formed first and then twisted, and a spun yarn is formed by 2 or more steps (peroxo-type or direct sliver-forming method). Preferably in a direct spinning mode. By using the drawn and cut yarn, a core-sheath structured staple yarn having excellent integrity with the sheath fiber can be obtained while maintaining high strength.
The preferable fineness of the stretch-cut spun yarn is 5.56 to 20.0tex (50 to 180 number singles in metric count), and more preferably 6.67 to 16.7tex (60 to 150 number singles in metric count). When the fineness is within the above range, the strength is high, and the composition is suitable for heat-resistant protective clothing and the like in terms of touch and the like. The number of twists is preferably 350 to 550, more preferably 400 to 500, counts per m of a single yarn having a metric count of 125. When the number of twists is within the above range, the fibers are more integrated with the covering fiber. The preferred fiber length distribution is within the range of 30 to 180mm, and the average fiber length is within the range of 45 to 150mm, preferably 50 to 125 mm. If the range is within this range, the intensity can be maintained higher.
In the present invention, when the fineness of a single yarn of a stretch-cut spun yarn is represented by S0(tex), the number of twists thereof is denoted as T0(times/m), the twist factor Ks of the single yarn0Calculated by the following mathematical formula.
Ks0＝T0·√S0
When the spun yarn is represented by a count, the count of the single yarn is represented by C0(m/g) and the number of twists thereof is denoted as T0(times/m), the twist coefficient Kc of the single yarn0Calculated by the following mathematical formula.
Kc0＝T0/√C0
Next, an apparatus and a method for manufacturing the core-sheath structured yarn of the present invention will be described. Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a main part of a ring spinning machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. Cylinders 2 and 3 of 2 sizes having different diameters are provided for each spindle on the front bottom roller 1 which is driven to rotate positively. The 2 cylinders 2, 3 are directly joined coaxially in the axial direction. 2 cylindrical front top rollers 4 and 5 with different diameters are arranged on the 2 cylinders 2 and 3. The difference in diameter between the 2 front top rollers 4 and 5 is substantially the same as the difference in diameter between the lower 2 cylinders 2 and 3, but is opposite in size to the lower 2 cylinders 2 and 3. The 2 front top rollers 4 and 5 are covered with rubber sleeves, and are externally fitted to a common spindle 6 to which a load is applied so as to be capable of rolling independently. The short fiber bundle 16 pulled out from the roving bobbin is supplied from the guide rod to the back roller 8 via the trumpet feeder 7.
The aramid fiber is subjected to stretch-cutting using the short fiber bundle 15 as a core fiber and the short fiber bundle 16 as a covering fiber bundle. Although not shown, the trumpet feeder 7 is swingable in the axial direction of the front bottom roller 1, and the swing width thereof can be adjusted. The short fiber bundle B fed from the back roller 8 and passed through the pulling apron 9 is gripped by the large-diameter side cylinder 3 and the small-diameter side cylindrical front top roller 5 and spun. The short fiber bundle a is fed to the small-diameter cylinder 2 and the large-diameter cylindrical front top roller 4 via the yarn guide 14 and spun.
Since the speed of feeding the short fiber bundle 16 spun from the large-diameter side cylinder 3 is faster than the speed of spinning the short fiber bundle 15 spun from the small-diameter side cylinder 2, when 2 spun short fiber bundles 15 and 16 are twisted by the yarn guide 10, the short fiber bundle 16 is wound around the short fiber bundle 15 to form a core-sheath type multilayer-structured short fiber yarn 17 having the short fiber bundle 15 as a core and the short fiber bundle 16 as a sheath.
The overfeed rate of the short fiber bundle 16 to the short fiber bundle 15 is preferably 5 to 9%, and more preferably 6 to 8%. If the overfeed rate is within the above range, the short fiber bundle 16 wraps the short fiber bundle 15 in a "twisted paper" shape, and the core fiber can be wrapped at a wrapping rate of approximately 100%.
The formed multi-layer structure staple yarn 17 is wound on the yarn tube 13 on the spindle via the knot-preventing ring 11 and the traveler 12. Even if the gripping positions of the short fiber bundles 15 and 16 on the cylindrical bodies 2 and 3 are slightly different for each spindle, the delivery speed ratio of the two is always constant, and therefore the properties of the produced core-sheath type multilayer structure short fiber yarn 17 are not changed for each spindle. Further, when the trumpet feeder 7 is swung in the axial direction of the front bottom roller 1 within a possible range, the friction area of the short fiber bundle 16 with the rubber sleeve cover of the front top roller 5 is dispersed, and early wear of the rubber sleeve cover can be prevented. Although not shown, it is preferable to reduce the abrasion of the rubber sleeve cover of the cylindrical front top roller 4 by swinging the yarn guide 14 in the axial direction of the front bottom roller 1.
The preferred twisting direction of the single yarn of the core-sheath type multi-layer structure staple fiber yarn is the same as that of the single yarn of the stretch-cut yarn, and the most preferred twisting number Tmax(next time)/m) And a sheath fiberThe denier of the latter single yarn is irrelevant, but the denier S of the staple fiber yarn is drawn and cut0(tex) and the number of twists thereof T0(times/m) and the following equation holds.
Tmax＝Rs·T0·√S0
In this case, if the proportionality constant Rs is 0.495, the core fiber and the sheath fiber exhibit the highest degree of integrity, as in the case of a bolt and a nut, and the single-yarn strength of the core-sheath type multi-layer structure spun yarn has the highest value.
In the case of expressing the above-mentioned single yarn by count, the most preferable twisting number T ismax(times/m) single yarn count of staple fiber yarn by stretch-cutting C0(m/g) and the number of twists thereof T0(times/m) and the following equation holds.
Tmax＝Rc·T0/√C0
In this case, if the proportionality constant Rc is set to 15.7, the highest integrity is exhibited, and the single-yarn strength of the multilayer-structure spun yarn has the highest value.
The multilayer-structured spun yarn 20 obtained as described above is shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, since the core component fiber 21 is a copolymer para-aramid fiber yarn subjected to stretch-breaking spinning, and the sheath component fiber 22 contains a PBI fiber and a homopolymer para-aramid fiber and covers the periphery of the core component 21, the integrity is good, and therefore, even if the fiber is washed, damage caused by abrasion or the like of the para-aramid fiber yarn, or the proportion of the core component fiber appearing on the surface of the staple fiber yarn is reduced, or even if damage such as abrasion or the like occurs due to wearing or washing, the appearance is not deteriorated. Also, discoloration and strength reduction do not occur. In short, the quality can be prevented from being degraded.
In the fabric for protective clothing of the present invention, it is preferable that 2 pieces of the core-sheath spun yarn (single yarn) are twisted to form a double yarn, and the double yarn is formed into a fabric. The reason why the double yarn is used is to provide a strength 2 times or more as high as that of the single yarn, to provide cohesive force for preventing yarn breakage during weaving, to offset thickness unevenness of the single yarn, and to make the appearance of the woven fabric uniform. The double yarn is produced by using a twisting machine such as a two-for-one twister, for example. As the name indicates, the two-for-one twister obtains double twisting by the rotation of the spindle (spindle)1, and thus has high productivity. However, since 6 friction points are present on a long twisted yarn path, the covering portion tends to be easily peeled off and disturbed, and the core tends to be exposed. A ring twister having a friction point of 2 is preferable, and an up-type twister having an extremely short twisting path at a friction point of 2 is most preferable.
The warp yarn breakage in a loom is far more strongly dependent on the cohesive force with respect to the friction of surface pile, the entanglement and the separation than the single fiber strength (cN/dtex) constituting the yarn. Thus, the warp yarns are preferably doubled yarns.
When the spun yarn is represented by a count, the twist factor Kc of the single yarn is preferably in the range of 1/28 to 1/521In the range of 81-87, the twisting direction of the double yarn is opposite to the twisting direction of the single yarn, and the twisting coefficient Kc of the double yarn1Preferably in the range of 78 to 84. Wherein the twist coefficient of the single yarn is K c1The twisting coefficient Kc of the double yarn2Calculated by the following mathematical formula.
Kc1＝T1/√C1
Kc2＝T2/√C2
Wherein, T1Denotes the number of twists (times/m), T, of a single yarn2Denotes the number of twists (times/m), C of the double yarn1Denotes the number of single yarns (m/g), C2Represents the number of double yarns (m/g).
Within the above range, the twisted structure is stable, the yarn inclusion property is high, and a fabric having a beautiful appearance and a soft hand can be produced.
The resulting two yarns are then set and twisted for use in the warp and weft yarns to produce the fabric. As the textile weave, plain weave (plain weave), twill weave (twill weave), satin weave (satin weave), other modified textile weaves, and the like can be used. When the woven fabric is formed, any of flat knitting, circular knitting, and warp knitting can be applied. The weave may be arbitrary. Under the condition that the woven fabric contains air, the double-layer binding terry fabric is woven. Preferred among the textile textures is the matt weave shown in fig. 3, which is a plain +3/3 matt weave. The plain weave portion is a plain weave consisting of 8 warps and wefts, and the 3/3 matt weave portion in which 3 warps and wefts are aligned projects toward the surface. Another example of sub-optical texturing is shown in figure 4. The matt weave is a plain +2/2 matt weave. The plain weave portion is a plain weave composed of 2 warps and wefts, and the 2/2 matt weave portion in which 2 warps and wefts are aligned projects toward the surface. Such a woven fabric has a slip-proof effect, and even if the plain weave is broken, it stops at the matt weave portion, and is a weave which is not easily broken. This is called the Rip Stop structure in the sense of tear resistance.
The fabric for protective clothing of the present invention preferably has a mass per unit (weight per unit area) of 100 to 340g/m2The range of (1). Within the above range, the operator's clothes can be made lighter and have a good wearing feeling. More preferably 140 to 300g/m2Particularly preferably in the range of 150 to 260g/m2The range of (1).
The multilayer-structured spun yarn of the present invention, and the heat-resistant fabric and the heat-resistant protective clothing using the spun yarn do not necessarily need to be blended with an antistatic fiber or an antistatic fiber. This is because PBI fibers are hygroscopic and not easily electrostatically charged. When the antistatic fiber is mixed according to the desire of customers, a fiber doped with metal fiber, carbon fiber, metal particles, or carbon particles, or the like is used. The antistatic fiber is preferably added in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 0.7% by mass, based on the spun yarn. Antistatic fiber yarns can also be added during weaving. For example, it is preferable to add "Belltron" manufactured by KB seiren, "kurarebo" manufactured by Kuraray, carbon fiber, metal fiber, or the like in a range of 0.1 to 1 mass%.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the combustion drop test apparatus 30, and fig. 6 is a side view of the apparatus 30. The heat-resistant fabric was made to have a width of 25mm and a length of 200mm, the upper end was fixed, a 228g weight was hung on the lower end, a flame having a temperature of 1700 ℃ and a heat generation amount of 3174kcal/h (standard value of a torch) was applied to the center of the fabric from a position 100mm away from the center by the torch, and the time until the weight fell was measured. The detailed description is set forth in the first column of the embodiment. The evaluation of the combustion drop test was: the alloy can be qualified after more than 30 seconds, and is unqualified after less than 30 seconds.
Examples
Hereinafter, the following description will be further specifically made with reference to examples. The present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The measurement methods in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are as follows.
< Heat resistance test >
The measurement was carried out at 180 ℃ for 5 minutes in accordance with ISO 11613-1999.
< Combustion Fall test >
As shown in the perspective view of the combustion drop test apparatus 30 of fig. 5 and the side view of the apparatus 30 of fig. 6, one end of a sample specimen 31 having a size of 25mm in width and 200mm in length is attached to a sample chuck 32 at the substantially central portion of a holder 33, and a weight 34 of 228g is hung from the other end. Under the weight 34, a cushion material is laid in advance in the tray 35. A flame is applied from a gas torch (gas burner) 36 against the specimen sample 31, and the time until the weight 34 falls is measured. The measurement device is housed in a case 37. The housing 37 has a dimension of 300mm in the longitudinal direction L1, 500mm in the lateral direction L2, and 200mm in the height L3. The length L4 of the flame was 100 mm. The height L5 of the bracket was 502 mm. The flame from the torch (gas burner) 36 was 1700 ℃ and the calorific value was 3174kcal/h (standard value for torch). The evaluation of the combustion drop test was: the alloy can be qualified after more than 30 seconds, and is unqualified after less than 30 seconds.
< laundering durability >
Washing was carried out 5 times in accordance with ISO 6330, 1984, 2A-E as specified in International Performance Standard ISO 11613-1999.
< other physical Properties >
Measured according to JIS or industry standards.
Examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2
1. Using fibres
(1) Core composition
As the core component, a copolymer para-aramid fiber, a stretch-cut staple yarn (twist number Z of 45 times/10 cm) of trade name "Technira" manufactured by Dichen corporation, and a yarn fineness of 8.0tex (metric count: 1/125) (single fiber fineness of 1.7dtex, average fiber length of 100mm, semi-finished product (yellow)) were used.
(2) Sheath component
The following 3 fibers were blended.
(i) PBI fiber
A tow (790000dtex (711000 denier) having a single PBI fiber fineness of 1.8dtex, with a fiber count of 444000, manufactured by PBI Performance Products, inc. in the united states, was obtained, and subjected to corner cutting with a fiber length of 102mm (4 inches), to thereby prepare a fiber bundle (sand sliver) by cotton carding and blending. PBI fiber was semi-finished (yellow).
(ii) Homopolymer p-aramid fiber
A tow (sliver) was prepared by carding and blending using Tapulon (a fiber length of 76mm (3 inches), a fineness of 2.2dtex, and a red product) manufactured by Tatai, China.
(iii) Antistatic fiber
The antistatic fiber was cut at an angle of 89mm in length and was white under the trade name "Belltron" manufactured by KB seiren, and had a single fiber fineness of 5.6 dtex.
(iv) Sliver blend
The PBI fiber, the homopolymer para-aramid fiber and the antistatic fiber are uniformly mixed by sliver blending.
2. Staple yarn production
(1) Core-sheath staple yarn
In the method shown in fig. 1, a core-sheath spun yarn was produced by using a copolymer para-aramid fiber as a core component and a fiber bundle (sliver) obtained by sliver blending the PBI fiber, the homopolymer para-aramid fiber, and the antistatic fiber as a sheath component. The core-sheath spun staple yarn had a twisting direction Z, a number of twists of 700 times/m, and a fineness of 312.5 dtex. The conditions and results of the obtained core-sheath spun staple yarn are summarized in table 1.
[ Table 1]
(2) Double yarn
The core-sheath staple yarn is twisted by an up-direction twister to form a double yarn. The twisted direction of the double yarn was S, the number of twists was 600 times/m, and the fineness was 625 dtex.
3. Production of fabrics
The double yarns were used as warp and weft yarns, and a rapier loom was used to produce a flat +2/2 matt weave fabric as shown in fig. 4. The conditions and results of the obtained fabric are summarized in table 2.
[ Table 2]
According to table 2, it was confirmed that the PBI fiber of the sheath component has an excellent mixing ratio in the range of 50 to 65% as a result of tensile strength, tear strength, and flame drop test (including xenon irradiation).
Comparative example 3
The blend ratio of example 2 was used, and the copolymer para-aramid fiber was used for both the core component and the sheath component. The flame drop test of the resulting fabric was 7 seconds and was found to be unacceptable.
Comparative example 4
The blend ratio of example 2 was used, and the homopolymeric para-aramid fiber was used for both the core component and the sheath component. The resulting fabric had a low tensile strength (1510N), a burn drop test of 8 seconds, and failed as shown in Table 3.
Comparative example 5
The blend ratio of example 2 or 3 was used, and m-aramid fiber was used instead of the homo-para-aramid fiber as the sheath component. The fabric obtained was found to be unacceptable in a 2 second burn drop test as shown in Table 3.
(example 5)
In this example, an actual fire protective suit was conceived, and a fabric composed of 3 layers of an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer was laminated and tested.
(1) Outer layer
The fabric obtained in example 2 above was used.
(2) Middle layer (moisture-permeable waterproof layer, moisture-proof layer)
The weight of the polytetrafluoroethylene film laminated on the base fabric as a moisture-permeable waterproof film is 105g/m2The base fabric was a plain woven fabric (77 g/m in mass) using a blended spun yarn of 85 mass% of meta-aramid fiber (2.2 dtex in fineness, 76/102mm in fiber length, bias cut) and 15 mass% of wool2) And (4) forming.
(3) Inner layer (Heat-proof layer, inner liner)
Honeycomb fabric (mass 213 g/m) using 16 heddles2) A blended staple yarn was used in which the amount of meta-aramid fiber (fineness: 2.2dtex, fiber length: 76/102mm, bias cut) was 85 mass% and the amount of wool was 15 mass%.
The measurement results of the above-described laminate are shown in table 3. Table 3 shows the measurement according to ISO11613 european law.
[ Table 3]
As can be seen from table 3, all the test items were acceptable.
Industrial applicability
The heat-resistant protective clothing using the heat-resistant fabric of the present invention is suitable as an operation clothing for emergency crews, lifesaving crews, maritime rescuers, military forces, operators of oil-related facilities, operators of chemical plants, and the like, in addition to firefighters. In particular, since the core component is a drawn and spun para-aramid fiber yarn and the sheath component is a blend fiber containing a PBI fiber and a para-aramid fiber, a multilayer-structured spun yarn having high strength, heat resistance and flame retardancy, and a heat-resistant fabric and a heat-resistant protective clothing using the spun yarn can be provided.
Description of the symbols
1 front bottom roller
2 large diameter cylinder
3 small diameter cylinder
4.5 front top roller
6 mandrel
7 horn-shaped feeder
8 back roller
9 draw-off leather collar
10 thread guide
11 anti-knotting ring
12 steel wire ring
13 yarn bobbin
14 yarn guide
15 short fiber bundle (core component fiber bundle)
16 short fiber bundle (coated fiber bundle)
17. 20 multilayer structure staple fiber yarn
21-core component fiber
22 sheath component fiber
30 burning drop test device
31 sample specimen
32 specimen clamp
33 support
34 heavy object
35 tray
36 gas welding gun
37 casing
Claims (7)
1. A multilayer-structured spun yarn characterized by comprising a core component of a spun para-aramid fiber yarn and a sheath component of a multilayer-structured spun yarn comprising a polybenzimidazole fiber,
the sheath component comprises polybenzimidazole fiber and para-aramid fiber and is blended,
when the sheath component is taken as 100 mass%, it is a polybenzimidazole fiber: para-aramid fiber 50: 50-65: the mixing ratio of 35 (c) is,
the core component is a copolymer para-aramid fiber yarn, and the para-aramid fiber of the sheath component is a homopolymer para-aramid fiber.
2. The multilayer-structured spun yarn of claim 1,
when the multilayer-structure spun yarn is defined as 100 mass%, the core component is 20-40 mass% and the sheath component is 60-80 mass%.
3. The multilayer-structure spun yarn according to claim 1 or 2,
the multilayer structure staple fiber yarn is in a range of 28-52 in metric count, namely, the fineness is 357-192 decitex.
4. A heat-resistant fabric using the multilayer-structured spun yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The heat-resistant fabric according to claim 4, wherein,
the heat-resistant fabric is a woven fabric in which a plain weave and 2/2 or 3/3 matt weave are combined.
6. The heat-resistant fabric according to claim 4 or 5, wherein,
the heat-resistant fabric can withstand a flame drop test for 30 seconds or longer, the flame drop test being performed as follows: the heat-resistant fabric was made to have a width of 25mm and a length of 200mm, the upper end was fixed, a 228g weight was hung on the lower end, a flame having a temperature of 1700 ℃ and a heat generation amount of 3174kcal/h was applied to the center of the fabric from a position 100mm away from the center by a gas welding torch, and the time until the weight fell was measured.
7. A heat-resistant protective garment comprising the heat-resistant fabric according to any one of claims 4 to 6.
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| JP2018-040382 | 2018-03-07 | ||
| JP2018040382A JP6599496B2 (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-07 | Multi-layer structure spun yarn, heat-resistant fabric using the same, and heat-resistant protective clothing |
| PCT/JP2018/013686 WO2019171608A1 (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-30 | Spun yarn having multilayer structure, and heat-resistant cloth and heat-resistant protective clothing each using same |
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| CN110603351A true CN110603351A (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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| CN201880023316.9A Pending CN110603351A (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-30 | Multilayer-structured spun yarn, and heat-resistant fabric and heat-resistant protective clothing using same |
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| JP (1) | JP6599496B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110603351A (en) |
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| CN110725032B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-07-26 | 上海伊贝纳纺织品有限公司 | Sunlight-resistant and washing-resistant PBI blended yarn and fabric thereof |
| JP7280295B2 (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2023-05-23 | 日本毛織株式会社 | Multilayer structure spun yarn, manufacturing method thereof, heat-resistant fabric and heat-resistant protective clothing |
| WO2024013790A1 (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-01-18 | 日本毛織株式会社 | Multilayer-structured spun yarn, method for producing same, heat-resistant cloth, and heat-resistant protective garment |
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- 2018-03-30 WO PCT/JP2018/013686 patent/WO2019171608A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-03-30 CN CN201880023316.9A patent/CN110603351A/en active Pending
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| WO2019171608A1 (en) | 2019-09-12 |
| JP6599496B2 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
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