CN110596464A - Electromagnetic parameter measuring system and method - Google Patents
Electromagnetic parameter measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110596464A CN110596464A CN201911006473.1A CN201911006473A CN110596464A CN 110596464 A CN110596464 A CN 110596464A CN 201911006473 A CN201911006473 A CN 201911006473A CN 110596464 A CN110596464 A CN 110596464A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2617—Measuring dielectric properties, e.g. constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
- G01R33/1223—Measuring permeability, i.e. permeameters
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic parameter measuring system and method, the system includes: the system comprises a microwave signal generating device, an antenna array system, a signal parameter analyzing device and a display device; the antenna array system comprises a transmitting antenna array and a receiving antenna array; the microwave signal generating device is used for generating a microwave signal and transmitting the microwave signal to the transmitting antenna array; the transmitting antenna array is used for receiving the microwave signal and transmitting the microwave signal to the detected object; the receiving antenna array is used for collecting echo signals and transmitting the echo signals to the signal parameter analysis device; the signal parameter analysis device is used for analyzing and calculating signal parameter data of the echo signal and transmitting the signal parameter data to the display device; the display device is used for receiving and displaying the signal parameter data. The electromagnetic parameter measuring system provided by the invention has the advantages of scientific and reasonable design, convenience in use, no radiation damage, high safety degree, low equipment manufacturing cost, good microwave penetrability, small radiation power, capability of quickly obtaining a measuring result and high measuring accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic waves, in particular to an electromagnetic parameter measuring system and method.
Background
With the development of science and technology, new materials are widely applied in the fields of human organ simulation models and the like, for example, a human head model is a model product which is often used in medical teaching, research and development and generally comprises parts such as a skull, a brain model, an external skin model and the like. In the prior art, the skull model is generally manufactured by 3D printing or casting, the brain model is generally a brain tissue phantom manufactured by hydrogel or the like, and the external skin model is generally manufactured by a resin material. However, the human head model in the prior art is often manufactured by only imitating a real human head from the structural aspect, and is far from the real human head in the aspects of properties such as dielectric constant, which is far from meeting the requirements of medical teaching, research and experiment. If the parameters such as dielectric constant are close to the real head as much as possible, the measurement system is needed to measure. Material electromagnetic parameters such as complex permittivity and complex permeability are important parameters for characterizing the electromagnetic properties of a material. Manufacturers and users have higher and higher requirements on the measurement accuracy and the measurement range of various materials, and the measurement of important parameters such as complex dielectric constant, complex permeability and the like which characterize the electromagnetic properties of a dielectric material is also more and more important, so that how to meet the requirements of manufacturers and users on the measurement accuracy and the measurement range of the electromagnetic parameters such as the complex dielectric constant, the complex permeability and the like of a new material under a new situation is a new problem faced in the microwave test technology.
The measurement system in the prior art generally adopts X-ray detection, but the X-ray radiation dose is large, the human body is easily damaged, and the detection accuracy is not high enough. The microwave is an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 300MHz to 300GHz, and the frequency is higher than that of a general radio wave, and is also generally called "ultra high frequency electromagnetic wave". The microwave detection has the characteristics of high sensitivity, convenient operation and the like. Compared with electromagnetic wave technologies such as X-ray, in the aspect of object detection and imaging, the microwave penetration capacity is strong, thereby the internal structure of the object can be detected in the object, and the microwave technology is non-ionizing radiation, and has low power and small radiation dose, and does not cause harm to human bodies. However, the prior art lacks a technical solution for detecting electromagnetic parameters of an object (e.g. a human head model) by using microwave signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic parameter measuring system and method. The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview and is intended to neither identify key/critical elements nor delineate the scope of such embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electromagnetic parameter measurement system including: the system comprises a microwave signal generating device, an antenna array system, a signal parameter analyzing device and a display device;
the antenna array system comprises a transmitting antenna array and a receiving antenna array;
the microwave signal generating device is used for generating a microwave signal and transmitting the microwave signal to the transmitting antenna array;
the transmitting antenna array is used for receiving the microwave signal and transmitting the microwave signal to the detected object;
the receiving antenna array is used for acquiring echo signals and transmitting the echo signals to the signal parameter analysis device; the echo signal is generated by transmitting a microwave signal to the detected object;
the signal parameter analysis device is used for analyzing and calculating signal parameter data of the echo signal and transmitting the signal parameter data to the display device;
the display device is used for receiving and displaying the signal parameter data.
Furthermore, the signal parameter analysis device is also used for comparing the signal parameter data with the template parameter data and transmitting the comparison result to the display device;
the display device is also used for displaying the comparison result.
Further, the antenna array system further includes a switch matrix, the switch matrix is electrically connected to the microwave signal generating device and the signal parameter analyzing device, the transmitting antenna array includes a plurality of antenna units electrically connected to the microwave signal generating device through the switch matrix, and the receiving antenna array includes a plurality of antenna units electrically connected to the signal parameter analyzing device through the switch matrix.
Furthermore, the antenna array system comprises a multi-path selection device, a support member and a plurality of antenna units, wherein each antenna unit is electrically connected with the multi-path selection device, and is connected with the support member through a deformable connecting member.
Further, the antenna array system further comprises a plurality of fixed plates; each antenna unit is arranged on one fixing plate; the fixing plate is connected with the supporting piece through the deformable connecting piece.
Further, the deformable connecting piece is a device which can be bent and shaped in multiple angles and the tail end of the deformable connecting piece can move in multiple directions.
Further, the deformable connecting member is a product made of a plastic material.
Further, the antenna unit includes a radiation circuit board and a radio frequency connector; the radio frequency connector is welded on the radiation circuit board; the radiation circuit board comprises a dielectric plate, a radiation monopole, a coplanar waveguide transmission line, a first grounding conductor and a second grounding conductor, wherein the radiation monopole, the coplanar waveguide transmission line, the first grounding conductor and the second grounding conductor are printed on the same side surface of the dielectric plate; the radio frequency connector is connected with the coplanar waveguide transmission line; two rectangular slots and a connecting part are formed on the radiation monopole, and the connecting part is positioned between the two rectangular slots; the connecting part is connected with the coplanar waveguide transmission line; the first ground conductor and the second ground conductor are respectively located on different sides of the coplanar waveguide transmission line.
Further, a slot is formed between the coplanar waveguide transmission line and the first and second ground conductors, respectively.
Further, the antenna also comprises a back plate, and the back plate and the radiation circuit board are fixed together.
Further, the coplanar waveguide transmission line is integrally in an 'L' shape.
Furthermore, the outer side of the coplanar waveguide transmission line comprises three straight line segments, and the included angles between the middle line segment and the other two line segments are 135 degrees
Further, the radio frequency connector comprises a housing and an inner conductor arranged in the central position in the housing, the inner conductor is connected with the coplanar waveguide transmission line, and the housing is respectively connected with the first grounding conductor and the second grounding conductor.
Furthermore, two rectangular slots are formed in the radiation monopole.
Furthermore, a rectangular slot is formed in the second grounding conductor.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an electromagnetic parameter measurement method, including:
the microwave signal generating device generates a microwave signal and transmits the microwave signal to the transmitting antenna array;
the transmitting antenna array receives the microwave signal and transmits the microwave signal to the detected object;
the receiving antenna array collects echo signals and transmits the echo signals to a signal parameter analysis device; the echo signal is generated by transmitting a microwave signal to the detected object;
the signal parameter analysis device analyzes and calculates signal parameter data of the echo signal and transmits the signal parameter data to a display device;
and the display device receives and displays the signal parameter data.
Further, the method further comprises:
the signal parameter analysis device compares the signal parameter data with the template parameter data and transmits a comparison result to a display device;
the display device displays the comparison result.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the electromagnetic parameter measuring system provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes microwaves to measure electromagnetic parameters, is scientific and reasonable in design, convenient to use, free of radiation damage, high in safety degree, low in equipment manufacturing cost, good in microwave penetrability, low in radiation power, capable of quickly obtaining a measuring result and high in measuring accuracy.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the embodiments of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electromagnetic parameter measurement system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array system according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a support member according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a radiating circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner conductor according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
As shown in fig. 1, one embodiment of the present application provides an electromagnetic parameter measurement system, comprising: a microwave signal generating device 100, an antenna array system, a signal parameter analyzing device 400 and a display device 500;
the antenna array system comprises a transmitting antenna array 200 and a receiving antenna array 300;
the microwave signal generating device 100 is configured to generate a microwave signal and transmit the microwave signal to the transmitting antenna array 200;
the transmitting antenna array 200 is configured to receive the microwave signal and transmit the microwave signal to the detected object;
the receiving antenna array 300 is configured to collect an echo signal, and transmit the echo signal to the signal parameter analysis device 400; the echo signal is generated by transmitting a microwave signal to the detected object;
the signal parameter analysis device 400 is used for analyzing and calculating signal parameter data of the echo signal;
the display device 500 is used for receiving and displaying the signal parameter data. The display device 500 may be a touch display screen.
In some embodiments, the antenna array system includes a switch matrix and a plurality of antenna elements, the switch matrix is electrically connected to the microwave signal generating apparatus 100 and the signal parameter analyzing apparatus 400, the transmitting antenna array 200 includes a plurality of antenna elements electrically connected to the microwave signal generating apparatus 100 through the switch matrix, and the receiving antenna array 300 includes a plurality of antenna elements electrically connected to the signal parameter analyzing apparatus 400 through the switch matrix.
In some embodiments, the signal parameter analyzing device 400 includes a processor and a memory connected to each other, the processor is configured to analyze and calculate signal parameter data of the echo signal, and the memory is configured to store the data; the signal parameter analysis device 400 transmits the echo signal parameter data to the display device 500 for display; in addition, the signal parameter analyzing device 400 is further configured to compare the signal parameter data of the echo signal with the template parameter data, and transmit the comparison result to the display device 500 for displaying. The display device 500 is further configured to display the comparison result. The processor may be a CPU, an ARM chip, or the like. The template parameter data is stored in a memory coupled to the processor. The template parameter data are standard parameter values meeting requirements, for example, when measuring the electromagnetic parameters of the human head model, the template parameter data can be real human head electromagnetic parameter data, so that the human head model produced and manufactured aims to be as close to the real human head electromagnetic parameter data as possible so as to meet the precision requirements of medical teaching, research and experiment. For example, in a human head model, in a brain tissue phantom, the dielectric constant of each position is constant. When an abnormality such as a bubble occurs at a certain position in the brain tissue phantom, since the value of a parameter such as the dielectric constant of the corresponding position is changed, when the analysis calculation is performed using the microwave, it is equivalent to changing the dielectric constant of a medium through which the microwave passes. According to the comparison between the microwave passing through the brain tissue simulator and the template parameter data, whether abnormal data exists can be judged. According to the functional relation existing between the dielectric constants and certain physical characteristics of the microwaves, such as transmission, reflection, scattering and the like, the size of the dielectric constant value of the brain tissue simulant or the change of parameter data of microwave frequency, phase or amplitude and the like is analyzed and calculated to judge whether abnormal data exist in the brain tissue simulant.
In some embodiments, the antenna array system includes a multiplexing device, a support member, and a plurality of antenna elements, each of the antenna elements being electrically connected to the multiplexing device, and each of the antenna elements being connected to the support member by a deformable connecting member.
In some embodiments, the antenna array system further comprises a plurality of fixed plates; each antenna unit is arranged on one fixing plate; the fixing plate is connected with the supporting piece through the deformable connecting piece.
In some embodiments, the deformable connector is a device that can be bent and shaped at multiple angles and whose ends can be moved in multiple directions.
In certain embodiments, the deformable connector is a product made of plastic material.
The embodiment also provides an electromagnetic parameter measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the microwave signal generating device generates a microwave signal and transmits the microwave signal to the transmitting antenna array;
s2, the transmitting antenna array receives the microwave signal and transmits the microwave signal to the detected object;
s3, acquiring an echo signal by the receiving antenna array, and transmitting the echo signal to a signal parameter analysis device; the echo signal is generated by transmitting a microwave signal to the detected object;
s4, the signal parameter analysis device analyzes and calculates signal parameter data of the echo signal and transmits the signal parameter data to a display device;
and S5, the display device receives and displays the signal parameter data.
Further, the method further comprises:
s6, the signal parameter analysis device compares the signal parameter data with the template parameter data and transmits the comparison result to a display device;
and S7, displaying the comparison result by the display device.
The electromagnetic parameter measuring method provided by the embodiment can be used for rapidly measuring the electromagnetic parameters of the detected object, is high in measuring accuracy, and is high in safety degree of microwave measurement and free of radiation damage.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2-4, the antenna array system comprises a plurality of antenna elements, a multiplexing device 13 and a support 16, each of the antenna elements being electrically connected to the multiplexing device 13. In the embodiment, there are 12 antenna units in total, and reference numerals 1 to 12 respectively denote one antenna unit, where the 12 antenna units are located at five positions in the upper, lower, left, right, and rear directions, respectively, where four antenna units denoted by 1, 2, 5, and 6 are located below, the antenna units 2 and 6 and the antenna units 1 and 5 are arranged in pairs, and the antenna unit 9 is located above; the antenna units 7 and 8 are arranged up and down and positioned on the left side; the antenna units 11 and 12 are arranged up and down and positioned on the right side; the antenna units 3 and 4 are arranged left and right and positioned at the rear; the antenna unit 10 is located at the rear, above the antenna units 3 and 4 and close to the antenna unit 9, and the object to be detected is placed in the space surrounded by these antenna units when in use. Each antenna unit is connected with the support part in a manner of moving in multiple directions relatively through a deformable connecting part.
The multi-path selection device 13 is used for being electrically connected with an electromagnetic wave signal source and an electromagnetic wave signal processing device respectively. The antenna units electrically connected with the electromagnetic wave signal source or the electromagnetic wave signal processing device can be selectively distributed through the multi-path selection device 13, so that any antenna unit can be electrically connected with the electromagnetic wave signal source and any antenna unit can be electrically connected with the electromagnetic wave signal processing device, and all antenna units of the antenna array system are divided into a transmitting antenna unit for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals and a receiving antenna unit for collecting echo signals. For example, one of the antenna units is selected by the multi-path selection device 13 to be electrically connected with the electromagnetic wave signal source, and the antenna unit is used as a transmitting antenna unit to transmit the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave signal source; the other remaining antenna units are electrically connected with the electromagnetic wave signal processing device to serve as receiving antenna units, and the echo signals of the electromagnetic waves passing through the detected object are received and then transmitted to the electromagnetic wave signal processing device; one antenna unit can be selected as a transmitting antenna unit in turn, so that electromagnetic waves can be transmitted to the detected object from different positions and different directions of the detected object, and the requirement on flexibility in detection is met to the maximum extent. Preferably, the multiplexing means 13 is a switch matrix.
Each antenna unit is connected with the support 16 through a deformable connecting piece 15, and the deformable connecting piece 15 can move along multiple directions and can be still at any point on the moving path.
Optionally, the deformable connecting element 15 is a device that can be deformed in multiple angles and multiple directions, and the end of the deformable connecting element can be moved in multiple angles and multiple directions, and can be stopped at a certain position at any time and kept still, for example, the deformable connecting element can be a product made of plastic materials such as iron wire, gooseneck, aluminum wire or copper wire, and can also be a deformable product such as a multi-axis robot arm, a multi-degree-of-freedom robot arm or a slide rail robot arm, and the like, and the deformable connecting element can be moved at will and can realize; the gooseneck can be bent and deformed at will and keeps still, and the multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm can also move the tail end of the gooseneck to any position and keep still through deformation; the deformable connecting piece 15 can move the antenna unit at the tail end in multiple directions and multiple angles and can be fixed at a certain position at will, flexibility and freedom are high, and therefore objects in different shapes and sizes can be detected.
An antenna element is provided at one end of the deformable connector 15, and the other end of the deformable connector 15 is connected to a support 16. The antenna unit on one end of the deformable connecting piece 15 can be moved to different positions, so that the antenna unit achieves higher spatial flexibility and degree of freedom, and the antenna unit is placed at any position relative to a measured object, and is convenient to operate and use.
The support member 16 may be in a plate shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, or the like, or may be a support frame, and is fixed to furniture such as a desk or a laboratory bench, and the support member 16 is used for supporting each antenna unit.
The multiplexing device 13 may be mounted on the support 16 or it may be connected to the support 16 by the deformable connection 15.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the antenna array system further includes a plurality of fixed plates 14. All antenna elements are arranged on the fixing plate 14. The fixing plate 14 is connected to the support 16 by a deformable connecting element 15. The distance between the fixing plates 14 on the left and right sides and the upper and lower sides can be adjusted by moving the deformable connecting member 15, for example, the fixing plates 14 can be driven to move by the movement of the robot arm, so that the distance between the fixing plates can be adjusted, and the object to be detected can be placed in the space surrounded by the fixing plates for detection.
Optionally, the support member 16 is a support plate that is secured to a laboratory bench or table top and to which one end of a deformable connector is attached.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the supporting member 16 includes a bottom plate 161 and a vertical plate 162 fixed to the bottom plate 161. The base plate 161 is fixed to a laboratory table or table top and one end of the deformable connecting member 15 is fixed to the vertical plate 162.
In some embodiments, the support 16 is a head wearable device, and all antenna units are disposed on an inner surface of the head wearable device; the deformable connecting piece 15 is a detachable fixing device such as a clip and the like, and is used for detachably fixing the antenna unit at any position on the inner side surface of the head wearable device, and when the position of the antenna unit on the inner side surface of the head wearable device needs to be adjusted, the deformable connecting piece 15 is detached to take down the antenna unit and then fix the antenna unit at the required position; in use, the head wearable device may be worn on a model of a human head for use, for example, in measuring the dielectric constant of the model of the human head.
The reflection coefficient of each antenna unit and the transmission coefficient between any two antenna units are tested by adopting a testing instrument, and the electromagnetic parameters of the tested object can be obtained by the obtained testing data through an inversion algorithm.
In some embodiments, the antenna unit includes a radiating circuit board and a radio frequency connector; the radio frequency connector is welded on the radiation circuit board; the radiation circuit board comprises a dielectric plate, a radiation monopole, a coplanar waveguide transmission line, a first grounding conductor and a second grounding conductor, wherein the radiation monopole, the coplanar waveguide transmission line, the first grounding conductor and the second grounding conductor are printed on the same side surface of the dielectric plate; the radio frequency connector is connected with the coplanar waveguide transmission line; two rectangular slots and a connecting part are formed on the radiation monopole, and the connecting part is positioned between the two rectangular slots; the connecting part is connected with the coplanar waveguide transmission line; the first ground conductor and the second ground conductor are respectively located on different sides of the coplanar waveguide transmission line.
In some embodiments, a slot is formed between the coplanar waveguide transmission line and the first and second ground conductors, respectively.
In some embodiments, the antenna further comprises a back plate, the back plate and the radiating circuit board being fixed together.
In some embodiments, the coplanar waveguide transmission line is entirely "L" shaped.
In some embodiments, the outer sides of the coplanar waveguide transmission lines comprise three straight line segments, and the included angle between the middle line segment and the other two line segments is 135 degrees
In some embodiments, the rf connector includes a housing and an inner conductor disposed centrally within the housing, the inner conductor being connected to the coplanar waveguide transmission line, the housing being connected to the first ground conductor and the second ground conductor, respectively.
In some embodiments, the radiation monopole is provided with two rectangular slots.
In some embodiments, the second ground conductor has a rectangular slot formed therein.
In certain embodiments, the multiplexing device is a switch matrix.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5-7, the antenna unit is a miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna, including a radiating circuit board 21, a U-shaped back plate 22 and a radio frequency connector 24; a radio frequency connector 24 is welded on the radiation circuit board 21, and the radio frequency connector 24 is used for inputting signals; the U-shaped back plate 22 is fixed with the radiation circuit board 21 through four screws 23, and long grooves 25 for fixing are formed in the left side plate, the right side plate and the bottom plate of the U-shaped back plate 22. The antenna element may be arranged at one end of the deformable connecting member 15 by means of the elongated slot 25.
The radiation circuit board 21 comprises a dielectric plate, a radiation monopole 26 printed on the surface of the dielectric plate, a coplanar waveguide transmission line 27, a first ground conductor 28 and a second ground conductor 29; the coplanar waveguide transmission line 27 is integrally formed with the radiation monopole 26; the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric plate are rectangular; the radiation monopole 26 has two matching grooves 30 which are symmetrical with each other about the central axis of the dielectric plate parallel to the long side thereof on both sides of the feed point, and the two matching grooves 30 are helpful for generating uniform electromagnetic energy on the coplanar waveguide transmission line 27, thereby obtaining a uniform electric field, being helpful for the antenna unit to be stable in a broadband and not to change along with the change of frequency, and improving the working stability of the antenna unit.
Two rectangular open grooves 32 which are symmetrical with each other about the central axis of the dielectric plate parallel to the long side of the dielectric plate are arranged on the copper foil of the radiation monopole 26; the radiation monopole is provided with a connecting part 36, and the connecting part 36 is positioned between the two matching grooves 30; the connection portion 36 is integrally formed with the coplanar waveguide transmission line 27; a rectangular slot 31 is formed in the grounding conductor 29; the inner conductor of the radio frequency connector is connected with the coplanar waveguide transmission line 27, and the shell of the radio frequency connector is respectively connected with a first grounding conductor 28 and a second grounding conductor 29; four through holes 35 are formed at four corners of the radiation circuit board 21 and used for mounting the screws 23. The reflection coefficient | S11| of the antenna element is less than-10 dB in the frequency range of 0.8-2 GHz.
The coplanar waveguide transmission line 27 is integrally in an 'L' shape, the outer side edge of the coplanar waveguide transmission line 27 comprises three sections of lines L1, L2 and L3, included angles alpha 1 and alpha 2 between the middle section of line L2 and the other two sections of lines L1 and L3 are 135 degrees, so that the outer side corner of the coplanar waveguide transmission line 27 is smooth, electromagnetic energy can be stably and uniformly transmitted on the coplanar waveguide transmission line 27, energy loss is reduced, and radiation stability of the antenna unit is improved.
A narrow slit with a width of 0.2mm is formed between the coplanar waveguide transmission line 27 and the first and second ground conductors 28 and 29. A narrow slit of 3mm width is formed between each of the first and second ground conductors 28 and 29 and the radiating monopole 26. The two narrow slits can improve the applicability of the antenna unit, can ensure that the antenna unit has uniform and stable directional patterns and gain in a broadband, has good processing precision and improves the radiation stability of the antenna unit.
The dielectric plate is made of polytetrafluoroethylene materials with the dielectric constant of 2.65. Optionally, the dielectric plate is made of an epoxy glass cloth laminated board FR 4. The antenna unit is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and has dimensions of 60mm × 30mm × 25 mm. The width of the matching groove 30 is 1 mm. The rectangular slot 32 has a length of 18mm and a width of 5 mm. The rectangular slot 31 has a length of 18mm and a width of 5 mm. The thickness of the dielectric plate is 2 mm. The two mutually symmetrical rectangular slots 32 help to generate uniform electromagnetic energy on the radiating monopole 26, so that a uniform electric field is obtained, a uniform aperture field is obtained, and the radiation stability of the antenna unit is improved. The rectangular slot 31 and the rectangular slot 32 can function to reduce the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.
The rf connector 24 includes a housing connected to the coplanar waveguide transmission line and an inner conductor 33 disposed at a central position within the housing and connected to the first ground conductor and the second ground conductor, respectively. As shown in fig. 7, the inner conductor 33 includes a conductor core 331, an insulating sleeve 332, a braided shield 333, and a sheath 334 which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside and coaxial, and the insulating sleeve 332, the braided shield 333, and the sheath 334 are sequentially and tightly embedded. The sheath 334 can effectively protect and fix the conductor core, the insulating sleeve 332 can avoid the electric leakage phenomenon, and the braided shielding layer 333 plays a shielding role. The inner conductor 33 has a strong protective effect on the conductor core, and can effectively prevent the conductor core 331 from being damaged, thereby improving the service life of the radio frequency connector 24. The braided shield 333 is woven from fine iron wire or fine copper wire.
The antenna array system in the embodiment of the application comprises a multi-path selection device, a supporting piece and a plurality of antenna units, wherein each antenna unit is electrically connected with the multi-path selection device, and is connected with the supporting piece in a relatively multi-direction movable mode through a deformable connecting piece, so that each antenna unit achieves high spatial flexibility and freedom degree, and can be used for measuring electromagnetic parameters of objects in different shapes (including irregular shapes) and different sizes, and the applicability is good.
The electromagnetic parameter measuring system provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes microwaves to measure electromagnetic parameters, is scientific and reasonable in design, convenient to use, free of radiation damage, high in safety degree, low in equipment manufacturing cost, good in microwave penetrability, low in radiation power, capable of quickly obtaining a measuring result and high in measuring accuracy.
It should be noted that:
the term "module" is not intended to be limited to a particular physical form. Depending on the particular application, a module may be implemented as hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. Furthermore, different modules may share common components or even be implemented by the same component. There may or may not be clear boundaries between the various modules.
The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual machine, or other apparatus. Various general purpose devices may be used with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such a device will be apparent from the description above. Moreover, the present invention is not directed to any particular programming language. It is appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the present invention as described herein, and any descriptions of specific languages are provided above to disclose the best mode of the invention.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
The various component embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP) may be used in practice to implement some or all of the functions of some or all of the components in the creation apparatus of a virtual machine according to embodiments of the present invention. The present invention may also be embodied as apparatus or device programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing the present invention may be stored on computer-readable media or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an internet website or provided on a carrier signal or in any other form.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and may be performed in other orders unless explicitly stated herein. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flow chart of the figure may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, which are not necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (17)
1. An electromagnetic parameter measurement system, comprising: the system comprises a microwave signal generating device, an antenna array system, a signal parameter analyzing device and a display device;
the antenna array system comprises a transmitting antenna array and a receiving antenna array;
the microwave signal generating device is used for generating a microwave signal and transmitting the microwave signal to the transmitting antenna array;
the transmitting antenna array is used for receiving the microwave signal and transmitting the microwave signal to the detected object;
the receiving antenna array is used for acquiring echo signals and transmitting the echo signals to the signal parameter analysis device; the echo signal is generated by transmitting a microwave signal to the detected object;
the signal parameter analysis device is used for analyzing and calculating signal parameter data of the echo signal and transmitting the signal parameter data to the display device;
the display device is used for receiving and displaying the signal parameter data.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal parameter analysis device is further configured to compare the signal parameter data with template parameter data and transmit the comparison result to a display device;
the display device is also used for displaying the comparison result.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the antenna array system further comprises a switch matrix electrically connected to the microwave signal generating device and the signal parameter analyzing device, respectively, the transmitting antenna array comprises a plurality of antenna elements electrically connected to the microwave signal generating device through the switch matrix, and the receiving antenna array comprises a plurality of antenna elements electrically connected to the signal parameter analyzing device through the switch matrix.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the antenna array system comprises a multiplexing device, a support member, and a plurality of antenna elements, each of the antenna elements being electrically connected to the multiplexing device, each of the antenna elements being connected to the support member by a deformable connecting member.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the antenna array system further comprises a plurality of fixed plates; each antenna unit is arranged on one fixing plate; the fixing plate is connected with the supporting piece through the deformable connecting piece.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein the deformable connector is a device that can be bent and shaped at multiple angles and whose ends can be moved in multiple directions.
7. The system of claim 4, wherein the deformable connector is a product of plastic material.
8. The system of claim 4, wherein the antenna unit comprises a radiating circuit board and a radio frequency connector; the radio frequency connector is welded on the radiation circuit board; the radiation circuit board comprises a dielectric plate, a radiation monopole, a coplanar waveguide transmission line, a first grounding conductor and a second grounding conductor, wherein the radiation monopole, the coplanar waveguide transmission line, the first grounding conductor and the second grounding conductor are printed on the same side surface of the dielectric plate; the radio frequency connector is connected with the coplanar waveguide transmission line; two rectangular slots and a connecting part are formed on the radiation monopole, and the connecting part is positioned between the two rectangular slots; the connecting part is connected with the coplanar waveguide transmission line; the first ground conductor and the second ground conductor are respectively located on different sides of the coplanar waveguide transmission line.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein a slot is formed between the coplanar waveguide transmission line and the first and second ground conductors, respectively.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the antenna further comprises a back plate, the back plate and the radiating circuit board being secured together.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the coplanar waveguide transmission lines are generally "L" shaped.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the outer sides of the coplanar waveguide transmission lines comprise three straight line segments, the middle segment being at an angle of 135 ° to the other two segments.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein the rf connector comprises a housing and an inner conductor disposed centrally within the housing, the inner conductor being connected to the coplanar waveguide transmission line, the housing being connected to the first and second ground conductors, respectively.
14. The system of claim 8, wherein the radiating monopole has two rectangular slots formed therein.
15. The system of claim 8, wherein the second ground conductor defines a rectangular slot therein.
16. An electromagnetic parameter measurement method, comprising:
the microwave signal generating device generates a microwave signal and transmits the microwave signal to the transmitting antenna array;
the transmitting antenna array receives the microwave signal and transmits the microwave signal to the detected object;
the receiving antenna array collects echo signals and transmits the echo signals to a signal parameter analysis device; the echo signal is generated by transmitting a microwave signal to the detected object;
the signal parameter analysis device analyzes and calculates signal parameter data of the echo signal and transmits the signal parameter data to a display device;
and the display device receives and displays the signal parameter data.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
the signal parameter analysis device compares the signal parameter data with the template parameter data and transmits a comparison result to a display device;
the display device displays the comparison result.
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