CN110595107A - High-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated double-source heat pump energy system and operation method thereof - Google Patents
High-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated double-source heat pump energy system and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110595107A CN110595107A CN201810603459.9A CN201810603459A CN110595107A CN 110595107 A CN110595107 A CN 110595107A CN 201810603459 A CN201810603459 A CN 201810603459A CN 110595107 A CN110595107 A CN 110595107A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/005—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in compression type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system, which collects waste heat of a traditional high-concentration photovoltaic module to prepare domestic hot water or supply the domestic hot water to a double-source heat pump. In the heating mode: when sunlight is sufficient, the concentrating photovoltaic direct current directly drives a compressor of the heat pump to take heat from the air, so that the heat pump generates heat for circulation and is used for preparing hot water in parallel with a high-concentrating photovoltaic heat collection system; when the sunlight is insufficient, the low-temperature water generated by the heat collecting system flows through the refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger and is used as a dual-source evaporator of the heat pump together with the air-cooled heat exchanger, so that the heat pump operates to generate heat; and under the condition that power cannot be generated in rainy days or at night, the heat pump system is driven by commercial power. In the refrigeration mode, the heat pump operates in reverse direction to deliver cold to the user and the heat collection system delivers hot water to the user. The solar energy comprehensive and efficient utilization system disclosed by the invention comprehensively and efficiently utilizes solar energy, is stable in operation, is not influenced by sunshine and other weather, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and has obvious economic advantages.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system and an operation method thereof.
Background
Traditional photovoltaic module uses crystal silicon battery, and photoelectric conversion is efficient, and because of solar energy density itself is low, the output of unit area module is also low. The high-concentration photovoltaic module uses a Fresnel lens and is matched with a tracking system, and the converged sunlight irradiates a multi-junction gallium arsenide photovoltaic cell with high conversion efficiency to generate electricity. The concentrated solar energy has high density, so the battery chip generates heat seriously and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is reduced seriously. The heat can be utilized by a heat exchanger.
Most of existing solar water heaters adopt vacuum tubes or flat plate type heat collectors, so that the heat production is not enough, the defects of intermittent heat production and the like caused by sunshine are overcome, and the normal hot water requirement of users cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
Through intensive research, the following problems are found in the existing photovoltaic photo-thermal and heat pump technology:
a heat pump is essentially an energy boosting device that consumes a part of high-level energy as compensation and converts low-level energy stored in an ambient medium, which cannot be directly utilized, into high-level energy that can be utilized through a thermodynamic cycle. Due to the adoption of the heat pump technology, the heat production and power consumption ratio of the heat pump water heater can reach 3-4. At present, the heat pump water heater and solar energy are comprehensively utilized mainly by a solar photovoltaic drive heat pump and a solar auxiliary heat pump. In the aspect of solar photovoltaic driven heat pumps, a common mode is that solar photovoltaic direct current is converted into alternating current through inversion and then is utilized, or a large number of storage batteries are adopted, but an inverter and the storage batteries are high in price, and power supply conversion links are too many, so that adverse effects are brought to the technical performance, the economy and the environmental protection of the system; solar heat pump systems using photovoltaic direct drive technology, such as solar photovoltaic-commercial power hybrid driven cold and heat accumulation type heat pump units (chinese patent application 200910076400.X) and solar photovoltaic heat pump water heaters without storage batteries (chinese patent application 201310642574.4), do not consider the problem of fully utilizing solar energy in all bands and recovering the waste heat of photovoltaic cells. In the aspect of solar auxiliary heat pump, a solar heat collector is generally adopted as a source for collecting solar heat, and the problem of simultaneous utilization of electricity and heat in the full-wave band of solar energy is not considered. Due to the complexity of control technology and the like, the existing HCPV/T system does not consider the efficient combination mode of directly driving a heat pump by direct current generated by photovoltaic.
The invention mainly aims to provide a high-concentration photovoltaic-municipal power combined drive photovoltaic and photothermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system which comprehensively and efficiently utilizes solar photovoltaic, solar thermal energy, is driven by photovoltaic power generation and commercial power in a combined manner, and can generate heat in winter and refrigerate and generate heat in summer.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme. The invention relates to a high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and photothermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system, which comprises: a high concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem; a high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive dual-source heat pump subsystem; a domestic heat supply-cold water subsystem.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the high concentrating photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem comprises: a high concentration photovoltaic module; the high-concentration photovoltaic cell assembly is used for generating electricity; the porous aluminum alloy flat tube is used for radiating heat of the high-concentration photovoltaic cell assembly; the circular flow dividing pipes and the collecting pipes are positioned on two sides of the high-concentration photovoltaic module; a liquid storage tank for temporarily storing hot water. Preferably, a first temperature measuring device and a second temperature measuring device are arranged in the high-concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem and used for determining the running conditions of the first in-line pump and the tracking system; the third temperature measuring device is used for judging whether water in the water storage tank flows to the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank or the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger serving as one of the heat exchangers of the heat pump; the first gate valve and the first water source are used for supplementing water into the water storage tank.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power cogeneration dual-source heat pump subsystem comprises: an AC variable frequency compressor; a four-way reversing valve; an electronic expansion valve for throttling the refrigerant; the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger and the valve accessories thereof are used as one of the heat pump heat exchangers and are used for exchanging heat with the hot water flowing out of the water storage tank; the air-cooled heat exchanger and the valve accessories thereof are used as one of the heat pump heat exchangers and are used for exchanging heat with the air in the environment; and the second refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger is used as one of the heat pump heat exchangers and is used for exchanging heat with water in the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank. Preferably, the first refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger and the valve accessories thereof further comprise a third gate valve, a fourth gate valve and a fifth gate valve, which are used for enabling the refrigerant to flow through the first refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger to exchange heat with the hot water flowing out of the water storage tank; and the sixth gate valve and the seventh gate valve are used for enabling the refrigerant to flow through the air-cooled heat exchanger to exchange heat with the air in the environment.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the domestic hot-cold water subsystem includes: the heat preservation energy storage water tank is used for storing hot water heated by the heat pump; the second inline pump enables hot water to circulate between the second refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger and the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank in the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined-driven double-source heat pump subsystem; the third straight pump is used for forming waterway circulation between the water storage tank and the heat preservation and energy storage water tank; the eighth gate valve is used for controlling the on-off of the waterway; the ninth gate valve and the second water source are used for adding water into the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank; a tenth gate valve for taking hot water; the eleventh gate valve is used for enabling water in the liquid storage tank to flow into the heat-preservation energy storage water tank in winter; a first check valve (31) for preventing backflow of the hot water; and the twelfth gate valve is used for taking hot water in the liquid storage tank in summer.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the high-concentration photovoltaic-municipal electric combined drive photovoltaic and photothermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system, a core component of the high-concentration photovoltaic-municipal electric combined drive double-source heat pump subsystem can enable direct current generated by a photovoltaic module to drive a direct current speed regulation compressor when sunlight is sufficient, enable the heat pump system to take heat from the double sources of an air source and a water source, and store the generated hot water in a heat preservation energy storage water tank; in rainy days or at night, the commercial power is converted into direct current by the alternating current power supply rectifier and then drives the compressor, so that the heat pump can take heat from the air source. Such a switching pattern makes up for the disadvantages of solar energy intermittency and instability.
In the high-concentration photovoltaic-municipal electricity combined drive photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system, the high-concentration photovoltaic-photo-thermal module adopts a porous aluminum alloy flat tube cooling mode for cooling and heat collection, the power generation efficiency of a photovoltaic cell can be improved through cooling, extra heat can be obtained, the part of heat can be used for directly preparing domestic hot water or providing the domestic hot water for a double-source heat pump to generate heat, the effect of killing two birds with one stone is achieved, and the efficient utilization of solar energy is realized. Compared with heat exchangers in other forms, the porous aluminum alloy flat tube has the advantages of light weight and better heat transfer performance. Therefore, the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated assembly can play a role in photoelectric conversion and photothermal conversion, and can play a role in replacing a traditional photothermal heat collector to a certain extent in a system needing both photoelectric and photothermal, so that the floor area of a solar system can be reduced, and the initial investment can also be reduced.
Compared with the existing HCPV/T system, the high-concentration photovoltaic-municipal electricity combined-drive photovoltaic and photothermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system adopts direct current generated by the modules to directly drive the heat pump compressor to generate heat/refrigerate, is assisted by commercial power, fully utilizes solar energy and is not influenced by solar energy change; compared with the existing PV/T type solar heat pump system, the high-concentration photovoltaic system replaces the traditional photovoltaic system, so that the power generation efficiency of the battery is improved more, the photoelectric conversion rate is greatly improved, and the heat generation efficiency of the whole system is greatly improved. Most importantly, the heat pump performs heat generation circulation in winter to supply heat or hot water for users; the heat pump carries out refrigeration cycle in summer, and cold volume is stored in the heat preservation energy storage water tank, supplies with user's air conditioner and is used for refrigerating, and the hot water in the water tank provides life hot water for the user, guarantees the practicality of this system throughout the year.
According to one aspect of the invention, a high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system is provided, which is characterized by comprising:
a high concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem;
a high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive dual-source heat pump subsystem;
a domestic heat supply-cold water subsystem.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the high concentrating photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem comprises:
a high-concentration photovoltaic module fixed on the ground,
a high-concentration photovoltaic cell component which is packaged in the high-concentration photovoltaic module and is used for generating electricity,
a porous aluminum alloy flat tube which is arranged on the lower surface of the high-concentration photovoltaic cell component and is encapsulated in the high-concentration photovoltaic module,
a circular shunt pipe and a collecting pipe which are positioned at two sides of the high-concentration photovoltaic module,
a liquid storage tank for temporarily storing hot water,
and the first temperature measuring device and the second temperature measuring device are respectively used for measuring the water temperature flowing into and out of the porous aluminum alloy flat tube.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power cogeneration dual-source heat pump subsystem comprises:
an air-cooled heat exchanger used as one of heat pump heat exchangers for absorbing the heat of an air source,
a first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger used as one of the heat pump heat exchangers and used for absorbing the heat of the hot water in the liquid storage tank,
a DC speed-regulating compressor for providing power for the dual-source heat pump subsystem,
a four-way reversing valve used for switching the summer refrigeration mode and the winter heating mode of the double-source heat pump subsystem,
a second refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger as a heat pump heat exchanger for transferring heat to the domestic heating-cooling water subsystem,
an electronic expansion valve for throttling the refrigerant,
and the alternating current power supply rectifier is used for rectifying commercial power into direct current which can be used by the direct current speed-regulating compressor.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the domestic hot-cold water subsystem comprises:
a second in-line pump for driving hot water in the liquid storage tank to flow,
an eighth gate valve for opening the hot water flow mode in the liquid storage tank,
a third straight pump for driving heating hot water backwater,
a heat-preservation energy-storage water tank for storing hot water,
a ninth gate valve and a second water source for controlling the water adding of tap water,
a tenth gate valve for taking out the hot water,
an eleventh gate valve used for enabling water in the liquid storage tank to flow into the heat preservation storage water tank in winter,
a first check valve for preventing the backflow of the hot water,
and the twelfth gate valve is used for taking hot water in the liquid storage tank in summer.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the working process of the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power cogeneration photovoltaic and photothermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system comprises the following steps:
when the illumination is sufficient, the high-concentration photovoltaic system is matched with the tracking system to work, and meanwhile, cooling water flows through the porous aluminum alloy flat tube which is well fixed on the lower surface of the high-concentration photovoltaic cell assembly through heat conduction and exchanges heat with the high-concentration photovoltaic cell assembly with higher temperature. The water after temperature rise flows to a liquid storage tank, if the temperature of the liquid in the tank is between 42 and 50 ℃, the water in the tank is introduced into a heat-preservation energy storage water tank to be used as domestic water, meanwhile, a high-concentration photovoltaic power generation is used for driving a heat pump, so that the heat pump uses an air-cooled heat exchanger as a unique evaporator to generate heat for circulation, and further the water in the heat-preservation energy storage water tank is heated,
when the temperature of the liquid in the tank is below 40 ℃, the water in the tank is made to flow through one of the evaporators of the heat pump: the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger cools at the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger, and flows to the high-concentration photovoltaic module again to perform the next cooling cycle; meanwhile, the heat pump is directly driven by high-concentration photovoltaic power generation, the air-cooled heat exchanger and the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger are simultaneously used as evaporators of the heat pump, the heat pump is ensured to generate heat circulation, the temperature of water in the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank is increased,
when the illumination is insufficient, the alternating current power supply rectifier converts commercial power into direct current, and the compressor is driven to circulate by taking the air-cooled heat exchanger as the only evaporator. In summer, the heat pump operates in reverse direction to deliver cold to the user, and the high-concentration photovoltaic-photothermal system delivers hot water to the user.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an external schematic view of a high concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem.
Fig. 3 is an internal schematic view of a high concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power cogeneration photovoltaic and photothermal integrated air source-water source dual-source heat pump energy system of the invention comprises: the system comprises a high-concentration photovoltaic-photo-thermal subsystem (A), a high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive dual-source heat pump subsystem (B) and a domestic heat supply-cold water subsystem (C).
The high concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem (A) comprises: a high concentration photovoltaic module (1) fixed on the ground; a high-concentration photovoltaic cell assembly (34) which is packaged in the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) and used for generating electricity; the porous aluminum alloy flat tube (2) is arranged on the lower surface of the high-concentration photovoltaic cell assembly (34) and is packaged in the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1); the circular shunt tubes (3a) and the collecting tubes (3b) are positioned at two sides of the high-concentration photovoltaic module; a reservoir tank (4) for temporarily storing hot water. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the porous aluminum alloy flat tube (2) is placed in parallel to the ground, and a plurality of high-concentration photovoltaic cell assemblies (34) with the same horizontal height of the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) are adhered to the porous aluminum alloy flat tube (2) through heat conduction materials (such as heat conduction glue). The porous aluminum alloy flat tubes (2) with different horizontal heights in the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) are inserted and welded in the shunt tubes (3a) and the collecting tubes (3 b). The porous aluminum alloy flat tube (2) is not in direct contact with the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1), so that the heat dissipation thermal resistance of the back of the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) can be improved. The inlet of the flow dividing pipe (3a) and the outlet of the flow collecting pipe (3b) are positioned in the middle of the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1), and a first temperature measuring device (5) and a second temperature measuring device (6) which are used for measuring the water temperature of the porous aluminum alloy flat pipes flowing in and out are respectively placed. The liquid storage tank (4) is connected with a third temperature measuring device (7), a first gate valve (8) and a first water source (9); the second gate valve (10) is used for starting a mode that cooling water flows to the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive dual-source heat pump subsystem (B); the first inline pump (11) is used for providing power for the circulation of a heat collection system of the high-concentration photovoltaic module.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power cogeneration dual-source heat pump subsystem (B) includes: an air-cooled heat exchanger (12) as one of the heat pump heat exchangers for absorbing heat from the air source; a first refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger (13) as one of the heat pump heat exchangers for absorbing heat of hot water in the liquid storage tank (4); a DC speed-regulating compressor (14) for providing circulating power for the dual-source heat pump subsystem (B); the four-way reversing valve (15) is used for switching the summer refrigeration mode and the winter heating mode of the double-source heat pump subsystem (B); a second refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger (16) as a heat pump heat exchanger for transferring heat to the domestic heating-cooling water subsystem (C); an electronic expansion valve (17) for throttling the refrigerant; and the alternating current power supply rectifier (33) is used for rectifying the commercial power into direct current which can be used by the direct current speed regulation compressor (14). The air-cooled heat exchanger (12) is connected with the sixth gate valve (19) and the seventh gate valve (22); the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13) is connected with the third gate valve (18), the fourth gate valve (20) and the fifth gate valve (21).
As shown in fig. 1, the domestic heating-cooling water subsystem (C) includes: the hot water recycling system comprises a second straight-line pump (23) used for driving hot water in the liquid storage tank (4) to flow, an eighth gate valve (24) used for opening a hot water flow mode in the liquid storage tank (4), a third straight-line pump (25) used for driving heating hot water to return water, a heat-preservation energy storage water tank (26) used for storing hot water, a ninth gate valve (27) and a second water source (28) used for controlling tap water to be supplemented with water, a tenth gate valve (29) used for taking hot water, an eleventh gate valve (30) used for enabling water in the liquid storage tank (4) to flow into the heat-preservation energy storage water tank in winter, a first check valve (31) used for preventing hot water from flowing back, and a twelfth gate valve (32) used for taking hot water in the.
The heating cycle principle of the double-source heat pump subsystem (B) of the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and photothermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system is as follows: under the photovoltaic direct-drive air source heat pump mode, direct current generated by the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) drives the direct current speed regulation compressor (14), the heat pump evaporation mode is only air cooling, at the moment, the third gate valve (18), the fourth gate valve (20) and the fifth gate valve (21) are closed, and the electronic expansion valve (17), the sixth gate valve (19) and the seventh gate valve (22) are opened. The low-temperature two-phase refrigerant enters an air-cooled heat exchanger (12) to exchange heat with the outside air to absorb heat and evaporate, and the vapor compression heating cycle process is completed.
The refrigeration cycle principle of the double-source heat pump subsystem (B) of the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and photothermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system is as follows: under the double-source mode of a photovoltaic direct-drive hot water source/air source, direct current generated by the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) drives the direct current speed regulation compressor (14), the evaporator mode of the heat pump is air cooling and water source, at the moment, the fifth gate valve (21) and the sixth gate valve (19) are closed, and the electronic expansion valve (17), the third gate valve (18), the fourth gate valve (20) and the seventh gate valve (22) are opened. The low-temperature two-phase refrigerant firstly enters a first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13), exchanges heat with water flowing through the porous aluminum alloy flat tube (2) to absorb heat, then enters an air-cooled heat exchanger (12), exchanges heat with outside air to absorb heat and evaporates, and the vapor compression heating cycle process is completed. Wherein the fifth gate valve (21) is used for preventing the refrigerant from flowing through the air-cooled heat exchanger (12); the sixth gate valve (19) is used for preventing the refrigerant from flowing through the first refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger (13).
Further, the operation mode of the high concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem (a) is explained. The rotation speed of the first inline pump (11) and the direction of the water flowing out of the tank (4) are determined in the following manner, with the water temperatures measured by the first temperature measuring device (5) at the circular flow-dividing tube (3a) and by the second temperature measuring device (6) at the manifold (3b) being respectively T1, T2, and the hot water temperature measured by the third temperature measuring device (7) arranged in the tank (4) being T3:
when T2-T1> delta T, the rotating speed of the first straight-line pump (11) is increased, and meanwhile, the module tracking system stops working, so that the temperature of a battery chip is prevented from being too high; when T2-T1< Δ T, the rotational speed of the first inline pump (11) is reduced. And the delta T is an expected temperature difference and is determined according to the type and the working condition of the photovoltaic cell chip.
When the temperature T3 is within the range of 42-50 ℃, the eighth gate valve (24) and the eleventh gate valve (30) are opened, the second gate valve (10) and the twelfth gate valve (32) are closed, so that hot water in the liquid storage tank (4) flows to the heat-preservation energy storage water tank (26) to provide domestic hot water or heat supply for users; and the third gate valve (18), the fourth gate valve (20) and the fifth gate valve (21) are closed, the electronic expansion valve (17), the sixth gate valve (19) and the seventh gate valve (22) are opened, so that the refrigerant in the heat pump system performs a heating cycle in winter (or performs a cooling cycle in summer in the reverse direction) according to the directions of the air-cooled heat exchanger (12), the sixth gate valve (19), the four-way reversing valve (15), the direct-current speed-regulating compressor (14), the four-way reversing valve (15), the second refrigerant, the water plate type heat exchanger (16), the electronic expansion valve (17), the seventh gate valve (22) and the air-cooled heat exchanger (12), the eighth gate valve (24) and the twelfth gate valve (32) are opened, and the second gate valve (10) and the eleventh gate valve (30) are closed. At the moment, the double-source heat pump subsystem (B) of the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive adopts a photovoltaic direct-drive air source heat pump mode, and the heat stored in the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank (26) is from the double-source heat pump subsystem (B) of the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive on one hand and from the high-concentration photovoltaic-photo-thermal subsystem (A) to directly generate heat on the other hand; when the temperature T3 is lower than 40 ℃, the second gate valve (10) is opened, the eighth gate valve (24), the eleventh gate valve (30) and the twelfth gate valve (32) are closed, the first in-line pump (11) works to drive hot water in the liquid storage tank (4) to circulate in the directions of the liquid storage tank (4), the second gate valve (10), the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13), the first in-line pump (11), the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) and the liquid storage tank (4); and a fifth gate valve (21) and a sixth gate valve (19) are closed, and a third gate valve (18), a fourth gate valve (20) and an electronic expansion valve (17) are opened, so that a refrigerating machine in the heat pump system performs heating circulation (or performs refrigeration circulation reversely) according to the directions of a first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13), a fourth gate valve (20), a four-way reversing valve (15), a direct-current speed regulating compressor (14), a four-way reversing valve (15), a second refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (16), the electronic expansion valve (17), a seventh gate valve (22), an air cooling heat exchanger (12), a third gate valve (18) and the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13). At the moment, the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive double-source heat pump subsystem (B) adopts a photovoltaic direct-drive air source-water source double-source heat pump mode, and heat stored in the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank (26) comes from the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive double-source heat pump subsystem (B).
The work flow of the whole system is as follows: when illumination is sufficient, the high-concentration photovoltaic system is matched with the tracking system to work, and meanwhile, cooling water flows through the porous aluminum alloy flat tubes (2) which are well fixed on the lower surface of the high-concentration photovoltaic cell assembly (34) and packaged in the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) through heat conduction and exchanges heat with the high-concentration photovoltaic cell assembly (34) with high temperature. The heated water flows to a liquid storage tank (4), and if the temperature of the liquid in the tank is between 42 and 50 ℃, the water in the tank is introduced into a heat-preservation energy-storage water tank (26) to be used as domestic water; meanwhile, the heat pump is driven by high-concentration photovoltaic power generation, so that the heat pump generates heat and circulates by taking the air-cooled heat exchanger (12) as the only evaporator, and the temperature of water in the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank (26) is further increased. If the temperature of the liquid in the tank is below 40 ℃, the water in the tank is made to flow through one of the evaporators of the heat pump: the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13) is cooled and flows to the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) again to perform the next cooling cycle; meanwhile, the heat pump is directly driven by high-concentration photovoltaic power generation, the air-cooled heat exchanger (12) and the second refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (16) are simultaneously used as evaporators of the heat pump, so that the heat pump is guaranteed to generate heat to circulate, and the temperature of water in the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank (26) is increased. When the illumination is insufficient, the alternating current power supply rectifier (33) converts commercial power into direct current, and drives the compressor to circulate by taking the air-cooled heat exchanger (12) as the only evaporator. In summer, the heat pump operates in reverse direction to deliver cold to the user, and the high-concentration photovoltaic-photothermal system delivers hot water to the user.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high spotlight photovoltaic-city electricity allies oneself with photovoltaic light and heat integration air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system that drives which characterized in that includes:
a high concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem (A);
a high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive dual-source heat pump subsystem (B);
a domestic heat supply-cold water subsystem (C),
wherein:
the high-concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem (A) further comprises:
a high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) fixed on the ground,
a high-concentration photovoltaic cell component (34) which is packaged in the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) and is used for generating electricity,
a porous aluminum alloy flat tube (2) which is arranged on the lower surface of the high-concentration photovoltaic cell component (34) and is encapsulated in the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1),
a shunt pipe (3a) and a collecting pipe (3b) which are positioned at two sides of the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1),
a reservoir (4) for temporarily storing hot water,
the dual source heat pump subsystem (B) further comprises:
an air-cooled heat exchanger (12) as one of the heat pump heat exchangers for absorbing heat from an air source,
a first refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger (13) as one of the heat pump heat exchangers for absorbing heat of hot water in the liquid storage tank (4),
a DC adjustable speed compressor (14) for providing power for the dual source heat pump subsystem (B),
a four-way reversing valve (15) for switching the summer refrigeration mode and the winter heating mode of the double-source heat pump subsystem (B),
a second refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger (16) as a heat pump heat exchanger for transferring heat to the domestic heating-cooling water subsystem (C),
an electronic expansion valve (17) for throttling the refrigerant,
and the alternating current power supply rectifier (33) is used for rectifying the commercial power into direct current which can be used by the direct current speed regulation compressor (14).
2. The high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and thermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the porous aluminum alloy flat pipe (2) is arranged parallel to the ground,
a plurality of high-concentration photovoltaic cell components (34) are attached to the porous aluminum alloy flat tubes (2), the porous aluminum alloy flat tubes (2) with different horizontal heights in the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) are inserted into the shunt tubes (3a) and the collecting tubes (3b),
the porous aluminum alloy flat tube (2) is not in direct contact with the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) so as to improve the heat dissipation thermal resistance of the back of the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1),
the inlet of the shunt pipe (3a) and the outlet of the collecting pipe (3b) are positioned in the middle part of the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1),
the high-concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem (A) further comprises a first temperature measuring device (5) and a second temperature measuring device (6) which are respectively used for measuring the temperature of water flowing into and out of the porous aluminum alloy flat tube.
3. The high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power cogeneration photovoltaic and thermal integrated air source-water source dual-source heat pump energy system according to claim 2, further comprising:
the third temperature measuring device (7), the first gate valve (8) and the first water source (9) are arranged for the liquid storage tank (4) and are used for supplementing water and measuring the temperature of the liquid storage tank (4);
the second gate valve (10) is arranged for the high-concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem (A) and is used for starting a mode that hot water in the liquid storage tank (4) is used as one of heat sources of the double-source heat pump for refrigeration; a first inline pump (11) for driving the circulation of the high concentration photovoltaic-photothermal subsystem (A).
4. The high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power cogeneration photovoltaic and thermal integrated air source-water source dual-source heat pump energy system according to claim 2, further comprising:
a sixth gate valve (19) and a seventh gate valve (22) provided for the air-cooled heat exchanger (12);
a third gate valve (18), a fourth gate valve (20) and a fifth gate valve (21) which are equipped for the first refrigerant-water plate heat exchanger (13);
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
under the mode of a photovoltaic direct-drive air source heat pump, direct current generated by a high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) drives a direct current speed regulation compressor (14), only an air-cooled evaporator works in a heat pump evaporator, at the moment, a third gate valve (18), a fourth gate valve (20) and a fifth gate valve (21) are closed, and an electronic expansion valve (17), a sixth gate valve (19) and a seventh gate valve (22) are opened. The low-temperature two-phase refrigerant enters an air-cooled heat exchanger (12) to exchange heat with the outside air to absorb heat and evaporate, and the vapor compression heating cycle process is completed.
Under the double-source mode of a photovoltaic direct-drive hot water source/air source, direct current generated by the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) drives the direct current speed regulation compressor (14), an air cooling evaporator and a water source evaporator are adopted as an evaporator of the heat pump at the same time, at the moment, the fifth gate valve (21) and the sixth gate valve (19) are closed, and the electronic expansion valve (17), the third gate valve (18), the fourth gate valve (20) and the seventh gate valve (22) are opened. The low-temperature two-phase refrigerant firstly enters a first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13), exchanges heat with water flowing through the porous aluminum alloy flat tube (2) to absorb heat, then enters an air-cooled heat exchanger (12), exchanges heat with outside air to absorb heat and evaporates, and the vapor compression heating cycle process is completed.
5. The high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and thermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system of claim 4, wherein:
the fifth gate valve (21) is used for preventing the refrigerant from flowing through the air-cooled heat exchanger (12);
the sixth gate valve (19) is used for preventing the refrigerant from flowing through the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13).
6. The highly concentrated photovoltaic-commercial power cogeneration photovoltaic and photothermal integrated air-water source dual-source heat pump energy system according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein said domestic heating-cooling water subsystem (C) further comprises:
a second in-line pump (23) for driving the flow of hot water in the reservoir (4),
an eighth gate valve (24) for opening the hot water flow mode in the reservoir (4),
a third straight pump (25) for driving heating hot water backwater,
a heat-preservation energy-storage water tank (26) for storing hot water,
a ninth gate valve (27) and a second water source (28) for controlling the water adding of tap water,
a tenth gate valve (29) for taking out the hot water,
an eleventh gate valve (30) which is used for leading the water in the liquid storage tank (4) to flow into the heat preservation energy storage water tank in winter,
a first check valve (31) for preventing backflow of the hot water,
a twelfth gate valve (32) used for taking hot water in the liquid storage tank (4) in summer.
7. The high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and thermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the shunt tubes (3a) and the collecting tubes (3b) are circular.
8. The high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and thermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the high-concentration photovoltaic cell assemblies (34) are positioned at the same horizontal height with the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) and are adhered to the porous aluminum alloy flat tube (2) by heat conduction materials,
the porous aluminum alloy flat pipes (2) with different horizontal heights are inserted into the shunt pipe (3a) and the collecting pipe (3b) through welding.
9. The operation method of the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive photovoltaic and thermal integrated air source-water source double-source heat pump energy system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the rotation speed of the first inline pump (11) and the direction of the water flowing out of the tank (4) are determined in the following manner, with the water temperatures measured by the first temperature measuring device (5) at the circular flow-dividing tube (3a) and by the second temperature measuring device (6) at the manifold (3b) being respectively T1, T2, and the hot water temperature measured by the third temperature measuring device (7) arranged in the tank (4) being T3:
when T2-T1> delta T, the rotating speed of the first straight-line pump (11) is increased, and meanwhile, the module tracking system stops working, so that the temperature of a battery chip is prevented from being too high; when T2-T1< DeltaT, the rotational speed of the first inline pump (11) is reduced. Wherein, the delta T is an expected temperature difference and is determined according to the type and the working condition of the photovoltaic cell chip;
when the temperature T3 is within the range of 42-50 ℃, the eighth gate valve (24) and the eleventh gate valve (30) are opened, the second gate valve (10) and the twelfth gate valve (32) are closed, so that hot water in the liquid storage tank (4) flows to the heat-preservation energy storage water tank (26) to provide domestic hot water or heat supply for users; and the third gate valve (18), the fourth gate valve (20) and the fifth gate valve (21) are closed, the electronic expansion valve (17), the sixth gate valve (19) and the seventh gate valve (22) are opened, so that the refrigerant in the heat pump system performs a heating cycle in winter (or performs a cooling cycle in summer in the reverse direction) according to the directions of the air-cooled heat exchanger (12), the sixth gate valve (19), the four-way reversing valve (15), the direct-current speed-regulating compressor (14), the four-way reversing valve (15), the second refrigerant, the water plate type heat exchanger (16), the electronic expansion valve (17), the seventh gate valve (22) and the air-cooled heat exchanger (12), the eighth gate valve (24) and the twelfth gate valve (32) are opened, and the second gate valve (10) and the eleventh gate valve (30) are closed. At the moment, the double-source heat pump subsystem (B) of the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive adopts a photovoltaic direct-drive air source heat pump mode, and the heat stored in the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank (26) is from the double-source heat pump subsystem (B) of the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive on one hand and from the high-concentration photovoltaic-photo-thermal subsystem (A) to directly generate heat on the other hand; when the temperature T3 is lower than 40 ℃, the second gate valve (10) is opened, the eighth gate valve (24), the eleventh gate valve (30) and the twelfth gate valve (32) are closed, the first in-line pump (11) works to drive hot water in the liquid storage tank (4) to circulate in the directions of the liquid storage tank (4), the second gate valve (10), the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13), the first in-line pump (11), the high-concentration photovoltaic module (1) and the liquid storage tank (4); and a fifth gate valve (21) and a sixth gate valve (19) are closed, and a third gate valve (18), a fourth gate valve (20) and an electronic expansion valve (17) are opened, so that a refrigerating machine in the heat pump system performs heating circulation (or performs refrigeration circulation reversely) according to the directions of a first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13), a fourth gate valve (20), a four-way reversing valve (15), a direct-current speed regulating compressor (14), a four-way reversing valve (15), a second refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (16), the electronic expansion valve (17), a seventh gate valve (22), an air cooling heat exchanger (12), a third gate valve (18) and the first refrigerant-water plate type heat exchanger (13). At the moment, the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive double-source heat pump subsystem (B) adopts a photovoltaic direct-drive air source-water source double-source heat pump mode, and heat stored in the heat-preservation energy-storage water tank (26) comes from the high-concentration photovoltaic-commercial power combined drive double-source heat pump subsystem (B).
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