CN110594109A

CN110594109A - Apex lightning protection device, blade lightning protection system, fan blade and aerogenerator

Info

Publication number: CN110594109A
Application number: CN201810610076.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方致阳; 陈淳; 刘凤娇
Original assignee: Sinomatech Wind Power Blade Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sinomatech Wind Power Blade Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-06-13
Filing date: 2018-06-13
Publication date: 2019-12-20

Abstract

The tip lightning protection device comprises a tip connector, a tip transmission guiding down line, a tip lightning receptor and an insulating layer. The apex connector is located fan blade's apex position and includes this body portion and two connecting portion, and the connecting portion is extended to the tip opening at apex position by this body portion and forms, and two connecting portion interval relative settings just are corresponding to fan blade's windward side and leeward side respectively. The blade tip conducting down lead is connected between the body part of the blade tip connector and the main conducting down lead. The tip connects the arrester to locate the tip opening part at fan blade's apex position, and the tip connects the arrester to include two metals and connects the flashing piece, and the shape that two metals connect the flashing piece matches with the shape of fan blade's windward side and leeward side respectively, and two metal connect the flashing piece and connect in two connecting portion of tip connector respectively dismantled and assembledly. The insulating layer is arranged on the periphery of the body part of the blade tip connector and the periphery of the blade tip conducting down lead.

Description

Apex lightning protection device, blade lightning protection system, fan blade and aerogenerator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a wind power generation equipment technical field particularly, relates to a apex lightning protection device, blade lightning protection system, fan blade and aerogenerator.

Background

The lightning protection device mainly used fan blade's of fan blade lightning protection, when the thunder and lightning appears near wind-powered electricity generation blade, the lightning protection device can make the unable direct breakdown fan blade of thunder and lightning, but the arrester through corresponding setting intercepts the thunder and lightning, guarantee that the thunderbolt takes place on the arrester of lightning protection device, and the electric current through self draws down the blade root position that the system conducts the thunderbolt electric current to fan blade, the rethread tower section of thick bamboo shifts to ground, thereby reduce the harm of thunderbolt to fan blade, reduce the thunderbolt and cause direct and indirect economic loss, in order to guarantee that wind turbine generator system lasts effectual electricity generation supply for a long time.

At present, a lightning protection system of a widely applied fan blade mainly captures lightning current through a lightning receptor arranged on the surface of the blade and then transfers the lightning current to the inside of the blade for current conduction. The existing lightning protection device mainly comprises two systems of lightning receiving and conducting, and the two systems are matched to realize the lightning protection of the fan blade. However, in the design of the existing lightning protection device, the matching of the two systems only considers that the parts are simply connected together to form an integral lightning protection system, but the problems of the overall process, the structural layout, the local connection and the metal exposure of the internal blade of the fan blade are not fully researched and avoided.

Taking the chinese invention patent CN101240772B as an example, it discloses a connection scheme of a blade tip lightning receptor, which mainly includes: the lightning arrester comprises an exposed lightning arrester with a cavity and a conductor which is embedded in the blade and extends out of the blade; the cavity of the exposed lightning receptor is used for slidably receiving the conducting bar and extending out of the outer part of the blade; the exposed lightning receptor and the part of the conductive bar extending out of the blade are fastened and connected by a detachable fastener. Wherein, this technical scheme has represented most current fan blade's apex arrester design, adopts the structure of can not dismantling promptly.

Further taking the chinese invention patent CN107076123A as an example, it discloses a fully insulated tip unit of a lightning protection system of a blade, which mainly comprises a conductive tip, wherein the tip is composed of an outer part and an inner part, at least one side receiver base, an inner tip unit conductor, an outermost insulated cable forming a down conductor, and a connecting element establishing electrical connection between the insulated cable and other conductive parts of the tip unit, wherein the inner part of the tip, the side receiver base, the inner tip conductor, the connecting element and one end of the insulated cable are all cast embedded in an insulating material, leaving only the outer part of the tip and the other end of the insulated cable uncovered by the insulating material.

In the lightning protection system design of the existing wind generating set blade, a plurality of fixed discrete metal receivers on the surfaces of a blade tip and a blade body are used as main lightning capturing devices, the metal receivers are connected with a lightning receptor support inside the blade and then connected to a hub through a down lead inside the blade, and therefore lightning current is released to the ground through a tower. The internal system of blade only plays the effect of conduction current, and does not play the effect of catching electric current, and at the hookup location of branch cable and arrester support, many branch cable hookup locations, and there is the naked phenomenon of metal in the inside arrester support of blade, in fact, the thunder and lightning does not always hit the arrester smoothly, can get into the inside electric arc that forms of blade sometimes, these metallic conductor very easily become the object of thunderbolt, the thunder and lightning current gets into inside the blade, the energy that has big not only can make the electric connection break down, cause the lightning protection device to lose efficacy, also can puncture blade surface material or make the inside emergence of blade burst.

In view of the above problems in the prior art, it is an important issue to be solved in the art to provide a lightning protection system having any advantages of simple operation, good insulation, and firm positioning.

Disclosure of Invention

It is a primary object of the present disclosure to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a lightning protection device for a blade tip with better insulation, firm structural connection and simple and convenient manufacturing.

Another primary object of the present disclosure is to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a blade lightning protection system, a wind turbine blade and a wind turbine generator with the above-mentioned blade tip lightning protection device.

In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:

according to one aspect of the present disclosure, a blade tip lightning protection device is provided, which is installed at a blade tip portion of a fan blade, and a main conduction down lead is arranged in the fan blade. The tip of fan blade position's tip opening, apex lightning protection device includes apex connector, apex biography guide downline, apex arrester and insulating layer. The blade tip connector is arranged at the blade tip part of the fan blade and comprises a body part and two connecting parts, the connecting parts are formed by extending the body part to the end opening of the blade tip part, and the two connecting parts are oppositely arranged at intervals and respectively correspond to the windward side and the leeward side of the fan blade. The tip conducting down lead is connected between the body part of the tip connector and the main conducting down lead. Apex arrester is located the tip opening part at fan blade's apex position, apex arrester includes that two metals connect the flashing piece, two the shape that the metal connects the flashing piece respectively with the shape of fan blade's windward side and leeward side matches, in order to define out the tip at fan blade's apex position, two the metal connect the flashing piece respectively detachably connect in two of apex connector connecting portion. The insulating layer is arranged on the periphery of the body part of the blade tip connector and the periphery of the blade tip conduction down lead.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the blade tip connector includes two sub-connectors oppositely disposed, the two sub-connectors are respectively disposed on the windward inner wall and the leeward inner wall of the fan blade, and each sub-connector includes a sub-body portion and a sub-connection portion extending from the sub-body portion to the end opening of the blade tip portion. The two sub-body parts are jointed to form the body part together, and the two sub-connecting parts are separated to form the two connecting parts respectively.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the two sub body portions of the two sub connectors are detachably connected by a plurality of rivets.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the metal flash receiving sheet and the connecting portion are removably connected by a plurality of rivets.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the body portion of the tip connector has a first end and a second end, and the first end is closer to the tip receptor than the second end. Wherein the second end has a size greater than the first end.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the body portion has a wedge-shaped configuration from the second end to the first end.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the insulating layer is made of an injection-molded elastic material or a die-cast composite material.

According to one embodiment of the disclosure, the outer periphery of the insulating layer is provided with a plurality of insulating reinforcing ribs, one end of each insulating reinforcing rib is connected to the part of the insulating layer, which is located at the outer periphery of the body part, and the other end of each insulating reinforcing rib is connected to the part of the insulating layer, which is located at the outer periphery of the tip conducting down conductor.

According to one embodiment of the disclosure, the outer wall of the tip part of the fan blade is provided with an insulating skin. And/or the inner wall of the blade tip part of the fan blade is provided with an insulating skin.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the tip conductive down conductor is removably connected to the body portion of the tip connector by a first wire connection terminal.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first connection terminal has a bolt structure and includes a screw portion and a nut portion, the screw portion has a thread formed on an outer periphery thereof to be in thread fit with the screw hole formed in the body portion, and the nut portion is disposed at one end of the screw portion and connected to the tip-transfer lead.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the lightning protection device further includes a lightning receptor, and the lightning receptor includes a first base and a second base. One of the first base and the second base is connected to the windward side of the fan blade, the other one of the first base and the second base is connected to the leeward side of the fan blade, the first base and the second base are mutually butted, a wire groove is formed in the end portion, facing the second base, of the first base, and a wire hole is defined by the wire groove and the end portion, facing the first base, of the second base. The apex passes the guide and wears to locate down the line hole, and by the lightning-receiving base supports and is located between the windward side and the leeward side of fan blade, the insulating layer is located lightning-receiving base periphery.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first flat groove is formed at an end of the first base facing the second base, the wire groove is formed at a bottom of the first flat groove, a second flat groove is formed at an end of the second base facing the first base, and the second flat groove is threadedly sleeved at the end of the first base. A pressing block is arranged between the groove bottom of the first flat groove and the groove bottom of the second flat groove, and the wire hole is defined by the wire groove and the pressing block together.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the shape of the end of the first base connected to the fan blade matches the shape of the fan blade; and/or the shape of one end of the second base, which is connected with the fan blade, is matched with the shape of the fan blade.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the outer periphery of the body portion of the tip connector, the outer periphery of the tip conducting down conductor and the outer periphery of the lightning receptor base are provided with insulating layers.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a blade lightning protection system is provided, which is installed on a fan blade, and includes a blade tip lightning protection device, a blade body lightning protection device, and a main conduction down lead, where the blade tip lightning protection device and the blade body lightning protection device are respectively installed at a blade tip part and a blade body part of the fan blade and are respectively connected to the main conduction down lead. Wherein, the blade tip lightning protection device is the blade tip lightning protection device in the above embodiment.

According to one of the embodiments of this disclosure, blade lightning protection device includes a plurality of blade lightning receptors, a plurality of blade lightning receiving base, many blade conduction downleads and insulating layer. A plurality of blade lightning receptors are many to arranging and many right the blade lightning receptor is followed fan blade axial interval locates fan blade's blade position is with two right the blade lightning receptor sets up respectively fan blade's windward side and leeward side, the blade lightning receptor appear in fan blade's outer wall. A plurality of blade body connect and dodge the base, locate fan blade's inner wall just respectively correspondingly connect in a plurality of blade body connects the ware of dodging. Many blade pass down conductors connect correspondingly respectively in a plurality of the blade meet dodge base with between the main conduction down conductor. The insulating layer is located the periphery of blade body lightning-arrest base, the apex connector the periphery of this somatic part with the periphery of apex conduction downlead.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a web is disposed in the inner cavity of the fan blade. Wherein the main conductive down lead is arranged on the web.

According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a wind turbine blade is provided that includes a blade body and a blade lightning protection system mounted within the blade body. The blade lightning protection system is the blade lightning protection system in the above embodiment.

According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a wind power generator is provided. Wherein the wind power generator comprises the fan blade of the above embodiment.

According to the technical scheme, the advantages and positive effects of the vane tip lightning protection device, the vane lightning protection system, the fan vane and the wind driven generator provided by the disclosure are as follows:

the design of the periphery of the body part of the blade tip connector and the periphery of the blade tip conduction down lead are arranged through the insulating layer, so that the parts of the blade tip lightning protection device except the blade tip lightning arrester are protected by the insulating layer in an insulating way, the parts of the blade tip lightning protection device are ensured not to be exposed by metal, and when dielectric breakdown occurs inside the fan blade, the limit value is obviously increased, electric arcs formed inside the blade are prevented, and the damage of lightning stroke to the inside of the blade is further reduced. Furthermore, this disclosure is through "two the shape of metal connects the flashing piece matches with the shape of the windward side and the leeward side of fan blade respectively to the design of the tip that defines out fan blade's apex position can promote the effect of receiving dodging of apex arrester, guarantees fan blade's apex position structural wholeness simultaneously. In addition, because the apex arrester is dismantled and assembled and is connected with the apex connector, can be convenient for the maintenance of apex arrester to be changed.

Further, in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, by adopting a design that the "blade tip connector includes two sub-connectors that are oppositely disposed, and the two sub-connectors are respectively disposed on the windward inner wall and the leeward inner wall of the fan blade", the process of the blade tip lightning receptor being disposed on the fan blade through the blade tip connector better conforms to the structural process of the fan blade itself, and is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

Further, in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, by setting the lightning receiving base, the clustering effect of the blade tip lightning protection device, especially the blade tip conducting down conductor thereof, can be effectively alleviated.

Drawings

Various objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings, like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the different views. Wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic external view of a conventional fan blade.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a blade tip lightning protection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the tip lightning protection device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of another portion of the blade tip lightning protection device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a configuration of a tip connector of the tip lightning protection device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is another schematic view of the tip connector of the tip lightning protection device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the lightning receptor base of the tip lightning protection device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a blade lightning protection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a partial schematic view of the blade lightning protection device shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is another partial schematic view of the blade lightning protection device shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a body lightning receptor of the body lightning protection device shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a body lightning receptor base of the body lightning protection device shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a blade lightning protection system according to an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view of a fan blade shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the installation of the lightning receptor base of the blade tip lightning protection device shown in FIG. 2.

Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:

100. a fan blade;

101. the windward side; 102. a leeward side; 110. a blade tip portion; 111. a tip; 120. a leaf part; 130. a blade root portion; 140. insulating skin; 150. a web;

200. a blade tip lightning protection device;

210. a blade tip connector; 2101. a first end; 2102. a second end; 211. a body portion; 2111. lightening holes; a connecting portion 212; 213. riveting; 220. a blade tip lightning receptor; 221. a metal flash receiving sheet; 230. the blade tip conducts a down lead; 231. a first connection terminal; 240. an insulating layer; 241. insulating reinforcing ribs; 250. a lightning receiving base; 251. a first base; 2511. a wire slot; 2512. a first flat groove; 252. a second base; 2521. a second flat groove; 253. briquetting; 254. a lightning receptor; 255. a glue layer;

300. a blade body lightning protection device;

310. a blade body lightning receptor; 3101. a third end; 3102. a fourth end; 311. a head portion; 3111. slotting an inner hexagon; 312. a screw section; 320. a blade lightning-catching base; 3201. a first surface; 3202. a second surface; 321. a first part; 322. a second section; 330. the blade body conducts a down lead; 331. a second connection terminal; 340. an insulating layer; 350, a blade line bracket; 360. a base support;

400. a blade lightning protection system;

410. a main conductive down conductor; 411. a connecting member.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the present disclosure are described in detail below in the specification. It is to be understood that the disclosure is capable of various modifications in various embodiments without departing from the scope of the disclosure, and that the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.

In the following description of various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration various exemplary structures, systems, and steps in which aspects of the disclosure may be practiced. It is to be understood that other specific arrangements of parts, structures, example devices, systems, and steps may be utilized, and structural and functional modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, although the terms "end," "between," "side," and the like may be used in this specification to describe various example features and elements of the disclosure, these terms are used herein for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. Nothing in this specification should be construed as requiring a specific three dimensional orientation of structures in order to fall within the scope of this disclosure.

The present disclosure provides a tip lightning protection device, a blade lightning protection system having the tip lightning protection device, a fan blade having the blade lightning protection system, and a wind turbine having the fan blade. Meanwhile, the following description of the present disclosure will also exemplify a blade lightning protection device. As shown in fig. 1, the lightning protection device proposed by the present disclosure is described based on a typical wind turbine blade 100, wherein the wind turbine blade 100 has a windward side 101 and a leeward side 102, and is divided into a tip portion 110, a body portion 120 and a root portion 130 in the axial direction of the blade.

Implementation mode of blade tip lightning protection device

Referring to FIG. 2, a schematic structural view of a blade tip lightning protection device 200 capable of embodying the principles of the present disclosure is representatively illustrated in FIG. 2. In the exemplary embodiment, the tip lightning protection device 200 proposed in the present disclosure is described by taking as an example a lightning protection device applied to the tip portion 110 of the wind turbine blade 100 of a wind turbine as an example. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, or other changes may be made to the specific embodiments described below in order to adapt the tip lightning protection device 200 to other types of wind turbine generator wind turbine blades 100, and such changes are within the scope of the principles of the tip lightning protection device 200 as set forth in the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the tip lightning protection device 200 according to the present disclosure is generally installed at the tip portion 110 of the wind turbine blade 100, a main conducting down conductor 410 is disposed in the wind turbine blade 100, and an end of the tip portion 110 of the wind turbine blade 100 is open. The tip lightning protection device 200 mainly includes a tip connector 210, a tip conducting down conductor 230, a tip lightning receptor 220 and an insulation layer 240. Referring additionally to FIGS. 3-7, an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of a structure of a tip lightning protection device 200 capable of embodying principles of the present disclosure is representatively illustrated in FIG. 3; representatively illustrated in FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of another portion of the structure of a tip lightning protection device 200 capable of embodying principles of the present disclosure; representatively illustrated in FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a tip connector 210 of a tip lightning protection device 200 capable of embodying principles of the present disclosure; representatively illustrated in FIG. 6 is another schematic structural view of a tip connector 210 of a tip lightning protection device 200 capable of embodying principles of the present disclosure; an enlarged cross-sectional view of the lightning receptor base 250 of the tip lightning protection device 200 capable of embodying the principles of the present disclosure is representatively illustrated in FIG. 7. The structure, connection and functional relationship of the main components of the blade tip lightning protection device 200 according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the above drawings.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the tip connector 210 is provided at the tip portion 110 of the fan blade 100 and includes a body portion 211 and two connection portions 212. The connecting portions 212 are formed by extending the body portion 211 to an end opening of the blade tip portion 110 (approximately along an axial direction of the fan blade 100), the two connecting portions 212 are disposed opposite to each other at intervals and respectively correspond to the windward side 101 and the leeward side 102 of the fan blade 100, and the two connecting portions 212 are respectively used for detachably connecting two metal flashing receiving pieces 221 of the blade tip flashing device 220.

In the present embodiment, the tip connector 210 is preferably of a split design, i.e., includes two sub-connectors disposed opposite each other. Specifically, two sub-connectors are respectively disposed on the inner wall of the windward side 101 and the inner wall of the leeward side 102 of the fan blade 100, and each sub-connector has a sub-body portion 211 and a sub-connection portion 212 formed by extending the sub-body portion 211 to the end opening of the blade tip portion 110. The two sub-connectors are detachably connected together by means of a connector, such as a bolt or a rivet, so that the two sub-body portions 211 are attached to each other to form the body portion 211 of the tip connector 210, and the two sub-connection portions 212 are spaced apart to form the two connection portions 212 of the tip connector 210. Through the design, simultaneously based on the design of the two metal flashing receiving pieces 221 of the blade tip lightning receptor 220, the connection structure of the blade tip connector 210 and the blade tip lightning receptor 220 can be in a split type design corresponding to the windward side 101 and the leeward side 102 respectively, therefore, the design can adapt to the manufacturing process of the windward side 101 and the leeward side 102 and is convenient to operate because the conventional manufacturing process of the fan blade 100 is generally that the leeward side 102 is arranged firstly, each part in the inner cavity of the fan blade 100 is arranged on the inner wall of the leeward side 102 and the windward side 101 is assembled on the leeward side 102. In other embodiments, the tip connector 210 may be a unitary structure, and is not limited to this embodiment.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in this embodiment, body portion 211 of tip connector 210 has a first end 2101 and a second end 2102, with first end 2101 being closer to tip receptor 220 than second end 2102. Accordingly, the size of the second end 2102 is preferably larger than that of the first end 2101, so that the body 211 has a function of stopping the axial direction of the fan blade 100, and the blade tip connector 210 is prevented from being removed due to centrifugal force generated by rotation of the fan blade 100 during operation.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, the body portion 211 has a substantially wedge-shaped configuration from the second end 2102 to the first end 2101.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, a plurality of lightening holes 2111 are opened in the body portion 211 of the tip connector 210 to lighten the tip connector 210.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable to fill the plurality of lightening holes 2111 formed in the body portion 211 with a material such as compression molding or compression molding, so as to further enhance the structural strength.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the tip conducting down conductor 230 is connected between the body portion 211 of the tip connector 210 and the main conducting down conductor 410, and is used for conducting the current generated by the lightning strike on the tip lightning receptor 220 to the main conducting down conductor 410 through the tip connector 210 and the tip conducting down conductor 230, further to the root portion 130 from the main conducting down conductor 410, and to the tower from the root portion 130.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the tip conducting down conductor 230 is detachably connected to the body portion 211 of the tip connector 210 via a first connection terminal 231. Specifically, the first terminal 231 has a substantially bolt structure and includes a screw portion having a screw thread formed on an outer periphery thereof to be screw-engaged with a screw hole formed in the body portion 211, and a nut portion provided at one end of the screw portion and connected to the blade tip conductive down wire 230. In other embodiments, other structures may be used instead of the bolt structure for connecting the tip down conductor 230 to the first connection terminal 231 of the tip connector 210, and the embodiment is not limited thereto.

Further, in the present embodiment, the tip conductive down conductor 230 may be connected to the main conductive down conductor 410, preferably through a connector 411. The connecting member 411 may preferably employ a connecting copper pipe, a C-clip, a parallel clip, or the like.

Further, in the present embodiment, after the tip conductive down conductor 230 and the main conductive down conductor 410 are connected by the connector 411, the following process may be preferably adopted for reinforcement: firstly, insulating treatment is carried out by using a heat shrink tube, secondly, insulating sealing is carried out by using epoxy adhesive (the adhesive can be directly placed in a special insulating forming prefabricated member, the shape of the insulating forming prefabricated member is determined according to the shape after connection), and after sealing, two layers of Bi808 biaxial glass fiber cloth are used for reinforcing.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the tip lightning receptor 220 is provided at the end opening of the tip portion 110 of the wind turbine blade 100. Specifically, the tip lightning receptor 220 includes two metal lightning receptors 221, the shapes of the two metal lightning receptors 221 are respectively matched with the shapes of the windward side 101 and the leeward side 102 of the fan blade 100 to define the tip 111 of the tip part 110 of the fan blade 100, and the two metal lightning receptors 221 are respectively detachably connected to the two connecting parts 212 of the tip connector 210. In other embodiments, the tip receptor 220 may also be designed to be an integral hollow structure or a solid structure, and is not limited to this embodiment.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the metal flashing piece 221 and the connecting portion 212 are preferably detachably connected by a plurality of rivets 213.

Further, in the present embodiment, the material of the tip lightning receptor 220 may preferably be a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy, such as S31603 or a 5-series aluminum alloy.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 7, in the present embodiment, the blade tip lightning protection device 200 proposed by the present disclosure further includes a lightning receptor base 250. Specifically, the lightning receptor base 250 is disposed on the tip down conductor 230 between the tip connector 210 and the main conductive down conductor 410. The lightning receptor base 250 mainly comprises a first base 251 and a second base 252. One of the first base 251 and the second base 252 is attached to the windward side 101 of the fan blade 100, and the other is attached to the leeward side 102 of the fan blade 100. The first base 251 and the second base 252 are mutually butted, a line slot 2511 is formed in the end portion, facing the second base 252, of the first base 251, and a line hole is defined by the line slot 2511 and the end portion, facing the first base 251, of the second base 252. The tip conducting down conductor 230 is disposed through the wire hole, and is supported and positioned between the windward side 101 and the leeward side 102 of the fan blade 100 by the lightning receiving base 250.

Further, as shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the lightning receptor base 250 further includes a pressing block 253. Specifically, a first flat groove 2512 is formed in an end portion, facing the second base 252, of the first base 251, the first flat groove 2512 can be used for exerting pre-tightening force, a line groove 2511 is formed in a groove bottom of the first flat groove 2512, a second flat groove 2521 is formed in an end portion, facing the first base 251, of the second base 252, the second flat groove 2521 can be used for exerting pre-tightening force, and the second flat groove 2521 is in threaded sleeve connection with the end portion of the first base 251. A pressing block 253 is arranged between the groove bottom of the first flat groove 2512 and the groove bottom of the second flat groove 2521, and a line hole is defined by the line groove 2511 and the pressing block 253 together. Accordingly, the lightning receptor base 250 presses the tip off lead 230 through the pressing block 253 and the wire casing 2511, thereby forming an electrical connection.

Further, as shown in fig. 16, in the present embodiment, the shape of the end of the first base 251 connected to the fan blade 100 and the shape of the fan blade 100 are preferably matched with each other. Also, the shape of the end of the second base 252 connected to the fan blade 100 preferably matches the shape of the fan blade 100.

Further, in the present embodiment, based on the design that the shape of the end of the first base 251 or the second base 252 matches the shape of the portion of the wind turbine blade 100 connected thereto, the sidewall of the lightning receptor base 250 may preferably be substantially perpendicular to the plane of one of the windward side and the leeward side of the wind turbine blade 100. As shown in fig. 16, taking the sidewall of the lightning receptor base 250 as an example, which is substantially perpendicular to the leeward side 102 of the wind turbine blade 100, the sidewall of the lightning receptor base 250 is inclined with respect to the windward side 101 of the wind turbine blade 100 due to the blade-shaped structure of the wind turbine blade 100. At this point, the plane of the slot 2511 is preferably parallel to the leeward side of the fan blade 100, and vice versa.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 16, lightning receptors 254 are provided on the windward side and the leeward side of the fan blade 100 at positions corresponding to the lightning receptor base 250, respectively. Specifically, the end surface of the first base 251 connected to the fan blade 100 is provided with a screw hole, one of the lightning receptors 254 is screwed and fixed to the screw hole, and the lightning receptor 254 passes through the insulating layer 240 wrapped outside the lightning receptor base 250 and the adhesive layer 255 adhering the first base 251 and the fan blade 100 and is exposed to the fan blade 100. Correspondingly, the end surface of the second base 252 connected to the fan blade 100 is provided with a screw hole, wherein another lightning receptor 254 is screwed and fixed to the screw hole, and the lightning receptor 254 passes through the insulating layer 240 wrapped outside the lightning receptor 250 and the adhesive layer 255 adhering the second base 252 and the fan blade 100 and is exposed to the fan blade 100. For a specific design of the lightning receptor 254, reference may be made to the following detailed description of the lightning receptor of the blade body in the embodiment of the blade body lightning receptor, which is not repeated herein.

Further, in the present embodiment, the lightning receptor base 250 is preferably located at a distance of 1m to 3m from the tip 111 of the blade tip portion 110.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in the present embodiment, the insulating layer 240 is disposed on the outer periphery of the body portion 211 of the tip connector 210 and the outer periphery of the tip conducting down conductor 230, and the insulating layers 240 disposed on the outer peripheries of the above portions may preferably be integrally connected.

Further, in the present embodiment, the material of the insulating layer 240 is preferably an injection molded elastomer or a die cast composite, such as cross-linked polyethylene or BMC/DMC (Bulk/mass molding compound).

Further, as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a plurality of insulating ribs 241 are provided on the outer periphery of the insulating layer 240. Specifically, one end of the insulating rib 241 is connected to the portion of the insulating layer 240 located on the outer periphery of the main body portion 211, and the other end of the insulating rib 241 is connected to the portion of the insulating layer 240 located on the outer periphery of the tip conducting down wire 230.

In addition, the insulation layer 240 is also disposed on the periphery of the lightning receptor base 250, and is integrated with the insulation layer 240 disposed on the periphery of other components of the tip connector 210. That is, the insulating layer 240 is provided on the outer periphery of the body portion 211, the outer periphery of the tip down conductor 230, and the outer periphery of the lightning receptor base 250. Accordingly, all exposed metal surfaces in the inner cavity of the fan blade 100 are covered by casting an insulating material to form the insulating layer 240, so that no metal is exposed. When a dielectric breakdown occurs in the blade, the limit value increases significantly, thereby preventing the formation of an arc inside, excluding damage to the blade interior. In addition, through the insulation protection of the metal surface inside the blade, other discharge ways of lightning current are prevented, the path of the lightning current outside the blade is further ensured, and the lightning receiving effectiveness of the blade tip lightning receptor 220 is improved.

Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the insulation layer 240 of the tip lightning protection device 200 may be broadly divided into a connection board insulation layer, a base insulation layer, and a cable insulation layer according to the protection area.

Further, in the present embodiment, in order to enhance the adhesion between the insulating layers 240 in the different regions, a structure for enhancing the adhesion such as a mesh or a barb may be provided in the adhesion region between the insulating layer of the connection plate and the insulating layer of the base. The insulation reinforcing rib 241 is a structure for enhancing the adhesion between the connection board insulation layer and the cable insulation layer.

Further, in the present embodiment, the withstand voltage class of the insulating layer 240 is preferably 17.5KV or more.

In addition, in the present embodiment, in the design of each metal structure of the blade tip lightning protection device 200 described above, it is preferable to adopt a design in which the sharp corners of the metal structure are removed, thereby further alleviating the occurrence of the problem of charge concentration.

In the present embodiment, an insulating skin is provided on the outer wall of the tip portion 110 of the fan blade 100, and an insulating skin is provided on the inner wall of the tip portion 110 of the fan blade 100. Accordingly, by providing the insulating skin, a skin insulation reinforcing protection area with the tip lightning receptor 220 as the center is formed, and an insulating coating, an insulating film, a potting material, a hand-lay insulating material or an insulating adhesive is applied to a certain range of the outer surface or the inner surface of the blade. When the space electric field induces the internal metal piece wrapping the insulating material, the insulating material is punctured, and an ascending guide occurs, the insulating skin insulating and reinforcing protection area can ensure that current crawls in the blade, so that the current cannot puncture the structural layer, and the structural layer fails.

It will be readily appreciated that, based on the above-described insulating skin design, the components of the tip lightning protection device 200 disposed on the interior wall of the wind turbine blade 100, such as the tip connector 210 and the lightning receptor base 250, are actually disposed on the insulating skin of the interior wall of the wind turbine blade 100.

It should be noted herein that the tip lightning protection device illustrated in the drawings and described in the present specification is merely one example of the wide variety of tip lightning protection devices that may employ the principles of the present disclosure. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present disclosure are in no way limited to any of the details of the tip lightning protection device or any of the components of the tip lightning protection device shown in the drawings or described in the specification.

In summary, the blade tip lightning protection device provided by the present disclosure, through the design that the insulating layer is disposed on the periphery of the body portion of the blade tip connector and the periphery of the blade tip conduction down lead, the parts of the blade tip lightning protection device except for the blade tip lightning receptor are protected by the insulating layer, and it is ensured that no metal is exposed at the above parts of the blade tip lightning protection device, so that when dielectric breakdown occurs inside the fan blade, the limit value is significantly increased, thereby preventing the formation of electric arc inside the blade, and further reducing the damage of lightning stroke to the inside of the blade. Furthermore, this is disclosed to connect the shape of dodging the piece through "two metals match with the shape of the windward side and the leeward side of fan blade respectively to the design of the tip at the apex position that defines out fan blade can promote the effect of connecing of apex arrester, guarantees the wholeness of fan blade's apex position structure simultaneously. In addition, because the apex arrester is dismantled and assembled and is connected with the apex connector, can be convenient for the maintenance of apex arrester to be changed.

Further, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting the lightning receiving base, the clustering effect of the blade tip lightning protection device, especially the blade tip down conductor thereof, can be effectively alleviated (due to the existence of the atmospheric electric field, the electric field formed around the down conductor of the blade lightning protection system is greatly increased, and when the number of the down conductor in a certain area is too large, the electric field in the certain area is far higher than that in other areas, which forms the clustering effect of the electric field).

Blade body lightning protection device implementation mode

Referring to fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of a blade lightning protection device 300 capable of embodying the principles of the present disclosure is representatively illustrated in fig. 8. In the exemplary embodiment, the blade lightning protection device 300 proposed in the present disclosure is exemplified by a lightning protection device applied to the blade body portion 120 of the wind turbine blade 100. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, or other changes may be made to the specific embodiments described below in order to apply the blade lightning protection apparatus 300 to other types of wind turbine generator blades 100, and such changes are within the scope of the principles of the blade lightning protection apparatus 300 as set forth in the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the blade lightning protection device 300 according to the present disclosure is generally installed on the blade portion 120 of the wind turbine blade 100, and a main conductive down conductor 410 is disposed in the wind turbine blade 100. The blade lightning protection device 300 mainly includes a plurality of blade lightning receptors 310, a plurality of blade lightning receptors 320, a plurality of blade conductive down leads 330, and an insulating layer 340. With reference to fig. 9-13 in conjunction, a partial schematic view of a blade lightning protection device 300 capable of embodying principles of the present disclosure is representatively illustrated in fig. 9; representatively illustrated in FIG. 10 is another partially schematic view of a blade lightning protection device 300 capable of embodying principles of the present disclosure; representatively illustrated in FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a body lightning receptor 310 of a body lightning protection device 300 capable of embodying principles of the present disclosure; representatively illustrated in FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a body lightning strike base 320 of a body lightning protection device 300 capable of embodying principles of the present disclosure; fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 12. The structure, connection mode and functional relationship of the main components of the blade lightning protection device 300 according to the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the above drawings.

As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the plurality of blade body lightning receptors 310 are arranged in a plurality of pairs, the plurality of pairs of blade body lightning receptors 310 are disposed at intervals on the blade body portion 120 of the fan blade 100 along the axial direction of the fan blade 100, two blade body lightning receptors 310 in the same pair are respectively disposed on the windward side 101 and the leeward side 102 of the fan blade 100, and the blade body lightning receptors 310 are exposed on the outer wall of the fan blade 100. Two adjacent pairs of blade lightning receptors 310 are arranged at intervals of a first distance in the axial direction of the fan blade 100, and two blade lightning receptors 310 of the same pair are arranged at intervals of a second distance in the axial direction of the fan blade 100, and the second distance is smaller than the first distance. That is, in the plurality of blade body receptors 310, different pairs of blade body receptors 310 are arranged at large intervals, and the same pair of blade body receptors 310 are arranged at small intervals. Accordingly, compared with the design scheme that the existing blade body lightning receptors 310 are simply and uniformly arranged on the blade body, the arrangement design of the blade body lightning receptors 310 disclosed by the invention is more suitable for the characteristic of the cluster effect of the blade body, and the alleviation of the cluster effect is further optimized.

Further, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the arrangement position of the body lightning receptor 310 on the body portion 120 of the fan blade 100 is at least secured in an Area of the body portion 120 1m to 5m from the blade tip (i.e., Area2 Area of the existing fan blade partition) to provide the body lightning receptor 310.

As shown in fig. 9 to 11, in the present embodiment, the body lightning receptor 310 has a third end 3101 and a fourth end 3102. The third end 3101 penetrates through and is exposed on the outer wall of the fan blade 100, and the fourth end 3102 extends into the inner cavity of the fan blade 100 and penetrates through the blade lightning receiving base 320.

Further, as shown in fig. 9 to 11, in the present embodiment, the body lightning receptor 310 is preferably in a bolt structure, the third end 3101 is a screw head 311, the fourth end 3102 is a screw rod 312, and the end surface of the screw head 311 is provided with a notch for facilitating the mounting and dismounting operations, such as preferably an inner hexagonal groove 3111, and the screw rod 312 is screwed to the body lightning receptor base 320.

Further, in the present embodiment, the material of the screw head 311 of the airfoil lightning receptor 310 is preferably a high-temperature-resistant alloy material, such as S31603 or 5-series aluminum alloy, and the material of the screw portion 312 is preferably a high-temperature-resistant tungsten alloy, such as tungsten carbide, or the material of the screw portion 312 may be other high-temperature-resistant insulating material, such as high-temperature-resistant glass fiber reinforced plastic.

Further, in the present embodiment, the exposed area of the blade body lightning receptor 310, that is, the area of the screw head 311 exposed to the outer wall of the fan blade 100, is preferably greater than or equal to 200mm²。

In addition, in the present embodiment, since the screw head 311 and the screw part 312 of the airfoil 310 are made of different materials, the screw head 311 and the screw part 312 of the airfoil 310 may preferably have a split structure. For example, the screw head 311 may be connected to one end of the screw portion 312 in a screw-fitting manner, and a notch is formed in an end surface of the screw head 311 for operation when it is connected to the screw portion 312. The end face of the end of the screw portion 312 may also be provided with a notch (e.g., preferably a hexagon socket) similar to the above-mentioned notch, which may be used for the operation of connecting the body lightning receptor 310 (i.e., the connected screw portion 311 and the screw portion 312) to the body lightning receptor base 320. In other embodiments, when the screw head 311 and the screw shaft 312 are made of the same material, the above-mentioned split structure design can be selected. Alternatively, when the screw head portion 311 and the screw portion 312 are made of different materials, they may be integrally formed by other conventional manufacturing processes.

Further, in the present embodiment, based on the design of the slot formed by the screw part 311 and the screw part 312, after the blade body lightning receptor 310 is screwed and fixed, the slot structure may be preferably sealed by using high temperature resistant silica gel.

Further, in the present embodiment, the blade body lightning receptor 310 may be installed on the corresponding position of the wind turbine blade 100 by tapping and punching, preferably after the wind-facing surface 101 of the wind turbine blade 100 or the demolding device 102 of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, a plurality of blade lightning receptors bases 320 are disposed on the inner wall of the fan blade 100 and respectively connected to the plurality of blade lightning receptors 310. Moreover, the above-mentioned preferred arrangement of the plurality of blade lightning receptors 310 may also be regarded as an arrangement of the plurality of blade lightning receptors 320.

As shown in fig. 12, in the present embodiment, the base 320 includes a first portion 321 and a second portion 322 that are integrally formed. The blade lightning receptor 310 is connected to the first portion 321, the blade conducting down conductor 330 is connected to the second portion 322, and a projection of the first portion 321 on the inner wall of the fan blade 100 is larger than a projection of the second portion 322 on the inner wall of the fan blade 100.

Further, as shown in fig. 12, in the present embodiment, a projection of the first portion 321 on the inner wall of the fan blade 100 is circular, a projection of the second portion 322 on the inner wall of the fan blade 100 is rectangular, and an outer diameter of the first portion 321 is larger than a width of the second portion 322. In other embodiments, the shape of the projection of the first portion 321 and the second portion 322 on the inner wall of the fan blade 100 may also be flexibly selected, and is not limited to this embodiment.

Further, as shown in fig. 13, in the present embodiment, the blade body lightning receiving base 320 has a first surface 3201 and a second surface 3202 opposite to each other, and the blade body lightning receiving base 320 is connected with its first surface 3201 to the inner wall of the wind turbine blade 100. Here, the thickness of the portion of the insulating layer 340 disposed on the first surface 3201 is preferably smaller than the thickness of the portion of the insulating layer 340 disposed on the second surface 3202. Accordingly, when bolt holes (i.e., bolt holes for mounting the screw portion 312 of the airfoil 310) are drilled in the airfoil lightning receptor base 320, the bolt holes are drilled due to the design of the insulating layer 340 with different thicknesses, which is advantageous for the bolt drilling operation, and can prevent the insulating layer 340 from being drilled during the bolt hole drilling operation, thereby preventing the problem of insulation failure.

Further, as shown in fig. 10, in the present embodiment, a base bracket 360 is preferably supported between the blade lightning receptor base 320 provided on the inner wall of the windward side 101 and the inner wall of the leeward side 102. Accordingly, since the conventional fan blade 100 is usually manufactured by first providing the leeward side 102, disposing the components to be accommodated in the cavity of the fan blade 100 on the inner wall of the leeward side 102, and then assembling the windward side 101 to the leeward side 102, the above design can be adapted to the manufacturing process of the windward side 101 and the leeward side 102, which is convenient for operation. That is, the base 320 for lightning striking the blade body disposed on the inner wall of the windward side 101 is supported and connected to the leeward side 102 through the base bracket 360, and then the base 320 for lightning striking the blade body is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the windward side 101 in the process of assembling the windward side 101.

As shown in fig. 8 to 10, in the present embodiment, the plurality of blade conductive down conductors 330 are respectively and correspondingly connected between the plurality of blade lightning receiving bases 320 and the main conductive down conductor 410, and are used for conducting the current generated by the lightning strike on the blade lightning receptor 310 to the main conductive down conductor 410 through the blade connector and the blade conductive down conductor 330, further conducting the current to the blade root portion 130 through the main conductive down conductor 410, and conducting the current to the tower through the blade root portion 130. In addition, the above-mentioned preferred arrangement of the plurality of blade lightning receptors 310 may also be regarded as an arrangement of the plurality of blade transmission guiding wires 330.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, in the present embodiment, a second connection terminal 331 is disposed at an end of the blade body conductive down conductor 330 connected to the blade body lightning receptor base 320, and the second connection terminal 331 is inserted into the blade body lightning receptor base 320.

Further, as shown in fig. 12, in the present embodiment, the second connection terminal 331 is preferably provided with a screw thread to be screw-fitted with the body lightning receiving base 320.

Further, in the present embodiment, the main body conductive down-lead 330 may be preferably connected to the main conductive down-lead 410 through a connection 411. The connecting member 411 may preferably employ a connecting copper pipe, a C-clip, a parallel clip, or the like.

Further, in the present embodiment, after the main blade conductive down conductor 330 and the main conductive down conductor 410 are connected by the connection member 411, the following processes may be preferably adopted for reinforcement: firstly, insulating treatment is carried out by using a heat shrink tube, secondly, insulating sealing is carried out by using epoxy adhesive (the adhesive can be directly placed in a special insulating forming prefabricated member, the shape of the insulating forming prefabricated member is determined according to the shape after connection), and after sealing, two layers of Bi808 biaxial glass fiber cloth are used for reinforcing.

As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the insulation layer 340 is disposed on the outer periphery of the blade lightning receiving base 320 and the outer periphery of the blade conductive down conductor 330, and the insulation layer 340 disposed on the outer periphery of the above-mentioned portions may preferably be integrally connected. Accordingly, all exposed metal surfaces in the inner cavity of the fan blade 100 are covered by casting an insulating material to form the insulating layer 340, so that no metal is exposed. When a dielectric breakdown occurs in the blade, the limit value increases significantly, thereby preventing the formation of an arc inside, excluding damage to the blade interior. In addition, through the insulation protection of the metal surface inside the blade, other discharge ways of lightning current are prevented, the path of the lightning current outside the blade is further ensured, and the lightning receiving effectiveness of the blade body lightning receptor 310 is improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the material of the insulating layer 340 is preferably an injection molded elastomer or a die cast composite, such as cross-linked polyethylene or BMC/DMC (Bulk/mass molding compound).

Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the insulation layer 340 of the blade lightning protection device 300 may be roughly divided into a base insulation layer and a cable insulation layer according to the protection area.

Further, in the present embodiment, in order to enhance the adhesion between the insulating layers 340 in the different regions, a structure for enhancing the adhesion such as a mesh or a barb may be provided in the adhesion region between the base insulating layer and the cable insulating layer.

Further, in the present embodiment, the withstand voltage class of the insulating layer 340 is preferably 17.5KV or more.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in the present embodiment, the blade lightning protection device 300 further includes a plurality of blade line brackets 350 for fixedly supporting the blade down conductor 330 in the wind turbine blade 100. The blade line brackets 350 are fixed on the inner wall of the fan blade 100 and respectively correspond to the blade transmission down leads 330, so that the blade transmission down leads 330 are mounted on the blade line brackets 350.

In addition, in the present embodiment, in the design of each metal structure of the blade lightning protection device 300 described above, it is preferable to adopt a design in which a sharp corner of the metal structure is removed, thereby further alleviating the occurrence of the problem of charge concentration.

In addition, in the present embodiment, an outer wall of the blade body portion 120 of the fan blade 100 is provided with an insulating skin, and an inner wall of the blade body portion 120 of the fan blade 100 is provided with an insulating skin. Accordingly, the insulating and reinforcing protection area of the skin with the blade body lightning receptor 310 as the center is formed by arranging the insulating skin, and an insulating coating, an insulating film, a pouring material, a hand-pasting insulating composite material or an insulating adhesive is coated on the outer surface or the inner surface of the blade within a certain range. When the space electric field induces the internal metal piece wrapping the insulating material, the insulating material is punctured, and an ascending guide occurs, the insulating skin insulating and reinforcing protection area can ensure that current crawls in the blade, so that the current cannot puncture the structural layer, and the structural layer fails.

It will be readily appreciated that, based on the above-described design of the insulating skin, the components of the blade lightning protection device 300, such as the blade lightning receptor base 320, the blade line mount 350, the mount 360, and the like, which are disposed on the inner wall of the wind turbine blade 100, are actually disposed on the insulating skin of the inner wall of the wind turbine blade 100.

It should be noted herein that the blade lightning protection device illustrated in the drawings and described in the present specification is only one example of the wide variety of blade lightning protection devices that can employ the principles of the present disclosure. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present disclosure are in no way limited to any of the details of the blade body lightning protection device or any of the components of the blade body lightning protection device shown in the drawings or described in this specification.

In summary, the blade lightning protection device provided by the present disclosure, through the design that "a plurality of blade lightning receptors are a plurality of pairs arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the fan blade, and two blade lightning receptors of the same pair are respectively disposed on the windward side and the leeward side", compared with the design scheme that a plurality of lightning receptors are simply arranged on the blade adopted by the existing blade lightning protection device, the present disclosure is more suitable for the characteristic of the cluster effect of the blade, and further relieves the cluster effect (due to the existence of the atmospheric electric field, the electric field formed around the conduction downlead of the blade lightning protection system is greatly increased, and when the number of the conduction downlead in a certain area is too large, the electric field in the certain area is far higher than that in other areas, and the cluster effect of the electric field is formed). Furthermore, this is disclosed through the design of "the periphery that the blade body connects the periphery of dodging the base, the periphery of the somatic part of apex connector and the periphery of apex conduction downlead are located to the insulating layer" for the part except that the blade body connects the dodging device of blade body provides insulation protection by the insulating layer, ensures that above-mentioned position of blade body lightning protection device does not have the metal and exposes, thereby when dielectric breakdown takes place inside the fan blade, makes the extreme value show and increases, prevents from this that the inside electric arc that forms of blade, further reduces the damage of thunderbolt to the blade inside.

Blade lightning protection system embodiments

Referring to FIG. 14, a schematic structural diagram of a blade lightning protection system 400 capable of embodying principles of the present disclosure is representatively illustrated in FIG. 14. In the exemplary embodiment, the blade lightning protection system 400 proposed by the present disclosure is illustrated by way of example as a lightning protection system applied to a wind turbine blade 100 of a wind turbine. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that numerous modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, or other changes may be made to the specific embodiments described below in order to adapt the blade lightning protection system 400 for use in wind turbine blades 100 of other types of wind turbines, and still fall within the scope of the principles of the blade lightning protection system 400 as set forth in the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 14, in the present embodiment, a blade lightning protection system 400 proposed by the present disclosure is installed in a wind turbine blade 100 for providing a lightning protection function to the wind turbine blade 100. The blade lightning protection system 400 generally includes the tip lightning protection device 200 and the body lightning protection device 300 as set forth in the present disclosure and as specifically described in the embodiments above, as well as a main conductive down conductor 410. Specifically, the tip lightning protection device 200 and the body lightning protection device 300 are respectively disposed at the tip portion 110 and the body portion 120 of the wind turbine blade 100 and are respectively connected to the main conductive down conductor 410.

As shown in fig. 14, in the present embodiment, since the blade lightning protection system 400 adopts the design of both the blade tip lightning protection device 200 and the blade body lightning protection device 300 proposed by the present disclosure, the partial structures of the two groups of lightning protection devices may be modified, increased, decreased, or combined as appropriate. For example, the tip down conductor 230 of the tip lightning protection device 200 and the body down conductor 330 of the body lightning protection device 300 closest to the tip of the blade may be connected to the main down conductor 410 by the same connector 411. As another example, the insulation layer 240 of the tip lightning protection device 200 and the insulation layer 340 of the blade lightning protection device 300 may be merged into an integral insulation layer at the periphery of the connector 411.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, a web 150 is disposed within the interior cavity of the fan blade 100, whereby the primary conductive down conductor 410 is preferably disposed on the web 150.

It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the blade lightning protection system 400 is not limited to necessarily include both the blade tip lightning protection device 200 and the blade body lightning protection device 300 proposed by the present disclosure. That is, in another embodiment, the blade lightning protection system 400 may include the tip lightning protection device 200 proposed by the present disclosure and other existing blade body lightning protection devices, or only the tip lightning protection device 200 proposed by the present disclosure. In yet another embodiment, the blade lightning protection system 400 may include the blade body lightning protection device 300 proposed by the present disclosure and other existing blade tip lightning protection devices, or only the blade body lightning protection device 300 proposed by the present disclosure.

It should be noted herein that the blade lightning protection system illustrated in the drawings and described in the present specification is merely one example of the wide variety of blade lightning protection systems that can employ the principles of the present disclosure. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present disclosure are in no way limited to any of the details of the blade lightning protection system or any of the components of the blade lightning protection system shown in the drawings or described in this specification.

Fan blade embodiments

Based on the above description, the present disclosure also provides a wind turbine blade, which mainly includes a blade body and a blade lightning protection system. Therein, the blade lightning protection system is installed within the blade body, and the blade lightning protection system is the blade lightning protection system 400 proposed by the present disclosure and specifically described in the above embodiments.

Further, as shown in fig. 15, in the present embodiment, the outer wall and the inner wall of the tip portion and the body portion of the fan blade are provided with an insulating skin 140 (only one side wall is shown in the figure). Accordingly, by providing the insulating skin 140, a skin insulation reinforcement protection area centered on the tip and body receptors proposed in the present disclosure is formed, and an insulating coating, an insulating film, a potting, a hand lay-up insulating material or an insulating adhesive is applied to a certain range of the outer surface or the inner surface of the blade. When the space electric field induces the internal metal piece wrapping the insulating material, the insulating material is punctured, and an ascending guide occurs, the insulating skin insulating and reinforcing protection area can ensure that current crawls in the blade, so that the current cannot puncture the structural layer, and the structural layer fails.

In other embodiments, when the blade lightning protection system of the wind turbine blade has only the tip lightning protection device proposed in the present disclosure, the insulating skin 140 may be disposed on the outer wall and the inner wall of the tip portion. When the blade lightning protection system of the wind turbine blade only has the blade body lightning protection device provided by the present disclosure, the insulating skin 140 may be disposed on the outer wall and the inner wall of the blade body portion.

Further, for the insulating skin 140 corresponding to the tip lightning protection device, it may be preferable to provide the insulating skin 140 in the area of 5m of the tip portion of the wind turbine blade. For the insulating skin 140 corresponding to the body lightning protection, it may be preferred to provide the insulating skin 140 in an area of 0.75m each of the body lightning receptor towards the blade root and the blade tip.

It should be noted herein that the fan blades illustrated in the drawings and described in the present specification are but one example of the wide variety of fan blades that the principles of the present disclosure can be employed with. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present disclosure are in no way limited to any of the details of the fan blade or any of the components of the fan blade shown in the drawings or described in this specification.

Wind power generator embodiment

Based on the above description, the present disclosure also provides a wind power generator, wherein the wind power generator comprises the wind turbine blade as set forth in the present disclosure and specifically described in the above embodiments.

It should be noted herein that the wind turbine shown in the drawings and described herein is merely one example of the wide variety of wind turbines that can employ the principles of the present disclosure. It should be clearly understood that the principles of this disclosure are in no way limited to any of the details of the wind turbine or any of the components of the wind turbine shown in the drawings or described herein.

Exemplary embodiments of a tip lightning protection device, a blade lightning protection system, a wind turbine blade, and a wind turbine proposed by the present disclosure are described and/or illustrated in detail above. Embodiments of the disclosure are not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but rather, components and/or steps of each embodiment may be utilized independently and separately from other components and/or steps described herein. Each component and/or step of one embodiment can also be used in combination with other components and/or steps of other embodiments. When introducing elements/components/etc. described and/or illustrated herein, the articles "a," "an," and "the" are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements/components/etc. The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" and the like in the claims and the description are used merely as labels, and are not numerical limitations of their objects.

While the tip lightning protection device, the blade lightning protection system, the wind turbine blade, and the wind turbine proposed by the present disclosure have been described in terms of various specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the practice of the present disclosure can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a apex lightning protection device installs in the apex position of fan blade, be equipped with main conduction downlead in the fan blade, its characterized in that, the tip opening at the apex position of fan blade, apex lightning protection device includes:

the blade tip connector is arranged at the blade tip part of the fan blade and comprises a body part and two connecting parts, the connecting parts extend from the body part to the end opening of the blade tip part, and the two connecting parts are oppositely arranged at intervals and respectively correspond to the windward side and the leeward side of the fan blade;

a tip conducting down conductor connected between the body portion of the tip connector and the main conducting down conductor;

the blade tip lightning receptor is arranged at an opening at the end part of the blade tip part of the fan blade and comprises two metal lightning receiving pieces, the shapes of the two metal lightning receiving pieces are respectively matched with the shapes of the windward side and the leeward side of the fan blade so as to define the tip end of the blade tip part of the fan blade, and the two metal lightning receiving pieces are respectively and detachably connected with the two connecting parts of the blade tip connector; and

and the insulating layer is arranged on the periphery of the body part of the blade tip connector and the periphery of the blade tip conduction down lead.

2. The blade tip lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein the blade tip connector includes two sub-connectors oppositely disposed, the two sub-connectors being respectively disposed on the windward inner wall and the leeward inner wall of the fan blade, each sub-connector having a sub-body portion and a sub-connection portion extending from the sub-body portion to the end opening of the blade tip portion; the two sub-body parts are jointed to form the body part together, and the two sub-connecting parts are separated to form the two connecting parts respectively.

3. The blade tip lightning protection device of claim 2, wherein the two sub-body portions of the two sub-connectors are removably connected by a plurality of rivets.

4. The blade tip lightning protection device of claim 1, wherein the metallic lightning receptor patch is removably connected to the connection portion by a plurality of rivets.

5. The blade tip lightning protection device of claim 1, wherein the body portion of the blade tip connector has a first end and a second end, the first end being closer to the blade tip lightning receptor than the second end; wherein the second end has a size greater than the first end.

6. The blade tip lightning protection device of claim 5, wherein the body portion is wedge-shaped from the second end to the first end.

7. The blade tip lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is made of an injection molded elastomer or a die cast composite.

8. The blade tip lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein the insulation layer is provided at an outer periphery thereof with a plurality of insulation ribs, one end of each of the insulation ribs being connected to a portion of the insulation layer at an outer periphery of the body portion, and the other end of each of the insulation ribs being connected to a portion of the insulation layer at an outer periphery of the blade tip conductive down conductor.

9. The blade tip lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the blade tip part of the fan blade is provided with an insulating skin; and/or the inner wall of the blade tip part of the fan blade is provided with an insulating skin.

10. The tip lightning protection device according to claim 1, wherein the tip downlead is removably coupled to the body portion of the tip connector via a first terminal.

11. The blade tip lightning protection device according to claim 10, wherein the first terminal is configured as a bolt and has a screw portion and a nut portion, the screw portion has threads on an outer periphery thereof for being threadedly engaged with the screw hole formed in the body portion, and the nut portion is disposed at one end of the screw portion and connected to the blade tip transmission lead.

12. The lightning protection device for the blade tip according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a lightning receptor base, wherein the lightning receptor base comprises:

the fan blade support comprises a first base and a second base, wherein one of the first base and the second base is connected with the windward side of a fan blade, the other one of the first base and the second base is connected with the leeward side of the fan blade, the first base and the second base are mutually butted, a wire groove is formed in the end part, facing the second base, of the first base, and a wire hole is defined by the wire groove and the end part, facing the first base, of the second base;

wherein, the apex passes to lead the downlead and wears to locate the line hole, and by the lightning-receiving base supports and is located between the windward side and the leeward side of fan blade, the insulating layer is located lightning-receiving base periphery the apex connector the periphery of this part with the periphery of apex conduction downlead.

13. The blade tip lightning protection device according to claim 12, wherein a first flat slot is opened at an end of the first base facing the second base, the wire slot is opened at a bottom of the first flat slot, a second flat slot is opened at an end of the second base facing the first base, and the second flat slot is threadedly engaged with the end of the first base; a pressing block is arranged between the groove bottom of the first flat groove and the groove bottom of the second flat groove, and the wire hole is defined by the wire groove and the pressing block together.

14. The blade tip lightning protection device of claim 12, wherein the end of the first base attached to the fan blade is shaped to match the shape of the fan blade; and/or the shape of one end of the second base, which is connected with the fan blade, is matched with the shape of the fan blade.

15. The blade tip lightning protection device of claim 12, wherein the outer perimeter of the body portion of the blade tip connector, the outer perimeter of the blade tip conductive down conductor, and the outer perimeter of the lightning receptor base are provided with an insulating layer.

16. A blade lightning protection system is installed on a fan blade and comprises a blade tip lightning protection device, a blade body lightning protection device and a main conduction down lead, wherein the blade tip lightning protection device and the blade body lightning protection device are respectively arranged at the blade tip part and the blade body part of the fan blade and are respectively connected to the main conduction down lead; the blade tip lightning protection device is characterized by being the blade tip lightning protection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The blade lightning protection system of claim 16, wherein the blade lightning protection device comprises:

the blade body lightning receptors are arranged in multiple pairs and are arranged at the blade body part of the fan blade at intervals along the axial direction of the fan blade, the two blade body lightning receptors in the same pair are respectively arranged on the windward side and the leeward side of the fan blade, and the blade body lightning receptors are exposed on the outer wall of the fan blade;

the blade body lightning receiving bases are arranged on the inner wall of the fan blade and are respectively and correspondingly connected with the blade body lightning receivers;

the blade body lightning receiving bases are correspondingly connected between the main conduction down leads and the blade body lightning receiving bases; and

the insulating layer is located the periphery of blade body lightning-arrest base with the periphery of blade body conduction downlead.

18. The blade lightning protection system of claim 16, wherein a web is disposed in the interior cavity of the fan blade; wherein the main conductive down lead is arranged on the web.

19. A fan blade comprises a blade body and a blade lightning protection system, wherein the blade lightning protection system is arranged in the blade body; the blade lightning protection system is the blade lightning protection system as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 18.

20. A wind power generator, characterized in that it comprises a fan blade according to claim 19.