Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve one or more of the above problems, the present invention provides a hoistway-type traction elevator for construction.
According to one aspect of the invention, a well type traction elevator for building construction is provided, which comprises a traction machine, a top beam, a traction medium, a suspension cage and a counterweight;
the top beam is fixed at the upper end of a building well, and the traction machine is fixed on the top beam;
one end of the traction medium is led out from the traction machine and then led to a suspension cage positioned below the traction machine, and is connected with the suspension cage;
the other end of the traction medium is led out from the traction machine and then led to a counterweight positioned below the traction machine, and is connected with the counterweight;
the dragging medium is a steel wire rope or a steel belt, and the top beam can move up and down.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows: the embodiment is designed in a hoistway of a building, has high safety, adopts the traction machine to drive the steel wire rope or the steel belt to suspend the suspension cage to lift, and has the advantages of high lifting speed and low noise; the traction ratio is 1:1, and the elevator has the advantage of high lifting speed under the condition that the rotating speed of the traction machine is the same; the top beam can be lifted and moved, the mounting height of the top beam is increased along with the building height of the floor, and the maximum lifting height of the lifter is further increased; the dragging medium is a steel wire rope or a steel belt. The steel wire rope is relatively more convenient to manufacture, but the steel belt is also flat in design, so that the contact area is increased, and the traction friction force is improved; meanwhile, the steel belt does not need additional lubrication, is free of oil stain pollution, is lower in vibration amplitude than a steel wire rope, is more stable and comfortable, saves electric energy, and is long in service life and has advantages.
In some embodiments, the traction medium is connected to the cage in a centrally fixed manner. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that the one end of the medium of towing reserves the medium of towing of sufficient length, for example reserve the medium of towing and place in the top of cage after can coiling, according to the increase of floor height, rise a floor with the roof beam, release the reserved medium of towing of certain length correspondingly to the working length that the medium was towed in the extension need not to change new medium of towing, also need not to adopt the mode of constantly wiring extension.
In some embodiments, a guide wheel is arranged between two sections of traction media led out from the traction machine, and the guide wheel pushes one section of traction media away from the other section of traction media so as to adjust the distance between the two sections of traction media. The embodiment has the advantages that the guide wheel adjusts the distance between two sections of traction media led out from the traction machine, so that the traction media at the two ends have enough distance for the suspension cage and the counterweight to freely move up and down, and the interference between the suspension cage and the counterweight is prevented.
In some embodiments, a pressure wheel is provided between the machine and the guide wheel, which presses the traction medium against the machine to increase the contact area between the machine and the traction medium. The beneficial effect of the embodiment is that the pressure wheel applies force which deviates the direction of the traction machine to the traction medium, so that the contact area between the traction medium and the traction machine is increased, and the traction force and the friction force are increased.
In some embodiments, the guide wheels are disposed below the machine and offset to the side of the cage. The traction medium connected with the suspension cage is pushed away from the traction medium connected with the counterweight by the guide wheels, so that the traction media at two ends have enough distance for the suspension cage and the counterweight to freely move up and down, and the interference between the suspension cage and the counterweight is prevented.
In some embodiments, the guide wheels are disposed below the traction machine and offset to the counterweight side. The traction medium connected with the counterweight is pushed away from the traction medium connected with the suspension cage by the guide wheels, so that the traction medium at the two ends has enough distance for the suspension cage and the counterweight to freely move up and down, and the interference between the suspension cage and the counterweight is prevented.
In some embodiments, the traction medium is connected with the suspension cage through a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprises a wedge sleeve and a wedge block, the wedge sleeve is provided with an inner cavity with openings at two ends, one end opening of the inner cavity is large, the other end opening of the inner cavity is small, the wedge block is provided with a large head end and a small head end opposite to the large head end, the outer circumferential surface of the wedge block is provided with a groove, the small head end of the wedge block is inserted into the inner cavity from the large head end of the inner cavity, the small head end of the inner cavity is arranged upwards, the middle part of the traction medium is folded in half and then inserted into the inner cavity from the small head end, the folded part is sleeved in the groove on the outer circumferential surface of the wedge block, the large head end of the wedge sleeve. The connecting piece has the advantages that the connecting piece can be connected from any position in the middle of the traction medium without cutting off the rope, and the connecting position of the connecting piece on the traction medium can be randomly adjusted according to the requirement, so that the working length of the traction medium is released; the second has the self-locking characteristic; and thirdly, the connection is quick.
In some embodiments, a suspension rod is pivoted near the large opening end of the wedge sleeve, the suspension rod passes through the top or top part of the suspension cage, an elastic part is sleeved on the suspension rod and is positioned below the top or top part of the suspension cage, two ends of the elastic part are respectively provided with an elastic part seat, the free end of the suspension rod is provided with at least one limiting nut, and the elastic part is a spring or a rubber ring. The beneficial effects of this embodiment are that the macrostoma end of wedge cover is connected with the cage through the jib, and elastomeric element plays the effect of buffering.
In some embodiments, a cushion is provided between the top or top member of the cage and the elastomeric seat at the upper end. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that the cushion pad can reduce the wearing and tearing of elastic component seat.
In some embodiments, the free end of the boom is provided with a cotter pin that is located below the limit nut. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that the cotter pin restriction stop nut drops from the jib after long-term the use.
In some embodiments, the traction medium from the small end of the wedge sleeve passes through the rope clamp, the rope clamp comprises two oppositely arranged clamping plates, the two clamping plates are detachably connected, and the side edges of the clamping plates are provided with flanges. The rope clamp has the advantages that the rope clamp restrains the two strands of traction media extending out from the small opening end, and the two strands of traction media are prevented from being scattered.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a hoistway-type traction elevator for construction is provided. Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic structural view of an elevator 100a according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, an elevator 100a includes a traction machine 1, a top beam 2, a traction medium 3, a cage 5 and a counterweight 6;
the top beam 2 is fixed at the upper end of a building well 7, and the traction machine 1 is fixed on the top beam 2;
one end of the traction medium 3 is led out from the traction machine 1 and then led to a suspension cage 5 positioned below the traction machine 1, and is connected with the suspension cage 5;
the other end of the traction medium 3 is led out from the traction machine 1 and then led to a counterweight 6 positioned below the traction machine 1 and is connected with the counterweight 6;
the traction medium 3 is a steel wire rope or a steel belt, and the top beam 2 can move up and down.
The elevator 100a of the present embodiment is installed in a building hoistway 7, such as an elevator hoistway, under construction. The top beam 2 is transversely arranged at the top of the well, and two ends of the top beam 2 can be fixed on the wall of the building well 7. When the construction of a certain floor is completed, the installation position of the girder 2 is raised by one floor and the working length of the traction medium 3 is extended to increase the maximum liftable height of the lifter 100 a. In the embodiment, the traction machine 1 is adopted to drive the steel wire rope or the steel belt suspension cage 5 to lift, and compared with a gear rack lifting mode, the lifting device has the advantages of high lifting speed and low noise. In order to keep the suspension cage 5 stable, a guide rail is arranged on the wall of the building well 7, and the suspension cage 5 is in sliding fit with the guide rail so as to avoid the suspension cage 5 from shaking. The elevator 100a of the present embodiment has an advantage of saving a hoisting medium by adopting a top-mounted type structure of the hoisting machine 1. Two sections of traction media 3 led out by the traction machine 1 are directly connected with the suspension cage 5 and the counterweight 6, the traction ratio is 1:1, and the elevator has the advantage of high lifting speed under the condition that the rotating speed of the traction machine is the same. The traction medium 3 is a steel wire rope or a steel belt. The steel wire rope is relatively more convenient to manufacture, but the steel belt is also flat in design, so that the contact area is increased, and the traction friction force is improved; meanwhile, the steel belt does not need additional lubrication, is free of oil stain pollution, is lower in vibration amplitude than a steel wire rope, is more stable and comfortable, saves electric energy, and is long in service life and has advantages.
Optionally, a guide wheel 4 is arranged between two segments of traction media 3 led out from the traction machine 1, and the guide wheel 4 pushes one segment of traction media 3 away from the other segment of traction media 3 to adjust the distance between the two segments of traction media 3. When the diameter of the traction sheave of the traction machine 1 is smaller than half the width of the cage 5, the interval between the traction media 3 drawn from the traction machine 1 at both ends is small, which causes the cage 5 and the counterweight 6 to interfere with each other. The guide wheel 4 adjusts the distance between two sections of traction media 3 led out from the traction machine 1, so that the traction media 3 at two ends have enough distance for the suspension cage 5 and the counterweight 6 to freely move up and down, and the interference between the suspension cage 5 and the counterweight 6 is prevented.
Alternatively, the guide pulley 4 of the elevator 100a is disposed below the traction machine 1 and biased to the cage 5 side. The guide wheels 4 of the embodiment suitably deviate the hoisting medium 3 leading to the cage 5 from the hoisting medium 3 leading to the counterweight 6 to increase the distance between the two sections of hoisting medium 3.
Alternatively, the free end of the hoisting medium 3 is connected directly to the cage 5, for example by means of a conventional wire rope clamp. When the construction of a certain floor is finished and a higher floor needs to be constructed, the mounting position of the top beam 2 is moved upwards, and then the longer traction medium 3 is replaced, so that the maximum liftable height of the cage 5 is lifted.
Alternatively, the hoisting medium 3 is connected to the cage 5 in a centrally fixed manner. In the embodiment, the traction medium 3 is connected with the suspension cage 5 in a fixed manner at the middle part, that is, a sufficient length of the traction medium 3 is reserved at one end of the traction medium 3, for example, the reserved traction medium 3 can be coiled and placed on the top of the suspension cage 5. According to the increase of the floor height, the top beam 2 is lifted to a certain height, and the reserved dragging medium 3 with a certain length is correspondingly released so as to prolong the working length of the dragging medium 3 without replacing the new dragging medium 3 or adopting a mode of continuously wiring and prolonging.
Alternatively, the hoisting medium 3 is connected with the suspension cage 5 in a centrally fixed manner by means of a connection 30. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a connector 30 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the connecting member 30 and the cage 5 shown in fig. 2. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the connecting member 30 includes a wedge sleeve 12 and a wedge 13, the wedge sleeve 12 has an inner cavity 14 with two open ends, one end of the inner cavity 14 is large, the other end is small, the wedge 13 has a large end 15 and a small end 16 opposite to the large end 15, the outer peripheral surface of the wedge 13 has a groove 17, the small end 16 of the wedge 13 is inserted into the inner cavity 14 from the large end 18 of the inner cavity 14, the small end 19 of the inner cavity 14 is disposed upward, the middle part of the traction medium 3 is folded back and then inserted into the inner cavity 14 from the small end 19, the folded part is sleeved in the groove 17 on the outer peripheral surface of the wedge 13, the large end 18 of the wedge sleeve 12 is connected with the cage 5, and the force of the traction medium 3 on the wedge 13 and the reverse force of the cage 5 on the wedge sleeve 12 lock the wedge sleeve 12.
The wedge housing 12 receives the weight of the cage 5, the wedge 13 receives the pulling force of the traction medium 3, and the two directions are opposite, so the traction medium 3 around the periphery of the wedge 13 is pressed between the inner wall of the inner cavity 14 and the wedge 13, and the heavier the cage 5, the tighter the traction medium 3 is pressed. The cross-sectional dimension of the cavity 14 tapers from the large mouth end 18 to the small mouth end 19, making the cavity 14 wedge-shaped. The cross-sectional dimension of the wedge 13 gradually decreases from the large end 15 to the small end 16, so that the wedge 13 is wedge-shaped. The width of the wedge 13 is larger than the width of the small opening end 19 of the inner cavity 14 after the rope is wound on the outer periphery of the wedge 13, so that the wedge 13 and the traction medium 3 are limited by the wedge inner wall of the inner cavity 14 and cannot fall off from the small opening end 19, and the wedge sleeve 12, the wedge 13 and the traction medium 3 are locked with each other. When the force applied to the wedge sleeve 12 is removed, the wedge 13 can be removed from the wedge sleeve 12 and the hoisting medium 3 can be detached from the connecting element 30. The connecting piece 30 of the embodiment has the advantages that the rope can be connected from any position in the middle of the traction medium 3 without cutting off the rope, and the connecting position of the connecting piece 30 on the traction medium 3 can be randomly adjusted according to the requirement, so that the working length of the traction medium 3 is released; the second has the self-locking characteristic; and thirdly, the connection is quick.
Optionally, a suspension rod 20 is pivotally connected to the large opening end 18 near the wedge 12, the suspension rod 20 passes through the top or top part of the suspension cage 5, an elastic member 21 is sleeved on the suspension rod 20, the elastic member 21 is located below the top or top part of the suspension cage 5, two ends of the elastic member 21 are respectively provided with an elastic member seat 22, the free end of the suspension rod 20 is provided with at least one stop nut 23, and the elastic member 21 is a spring or a rubber ring. The large open end 18 of the wedge sleeve 12 is connected to the suspension cage 5 by means of a suspension rod 20. The elastic member 21 serves as a buffer.
Optionally, a cushion pad 24 is provided between the top or top member of the cage 5 and the resilient member seat 22 at the upper end. The cushion pad 24 may be made of rubber and functions to reduce wear of the spring member seat 22.
Optionally, the free end of the hanger bar 20 is provided with a cotter pin 25, the cotter pin 25 being located below the limit nut 23. The cotter pin 25 restricts the stopper nut 23 from being detached from the hanger rod 20 after a long-term use.
Alternatively, the hoisting medium 3 leading from the small end 19 of the wedge 12 passes through the rope clamp 26. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the cord gripper of fig. 3 viewed in the direction AA'. Referring to fig. 4, the rope clamp 26 includes two clamp plates 27 oppositely disposed, the two clamp plates 27 are detachably connected, and the side of the clamp plate 27 has a rib 28. The flanges 28 of the two clamping plates 27 are bent towards each other to confine the cord within the cord gripper 26. The two clamping plates 27 can be detachably connected by bolts and the like. The rope clamp 26 functions to restrain the two strands of the traction media 3 protruding from the small opening end 19 and prevent the two strands of the traction media 3 from being scattered.
Fig. 5 schematically shows a structural view of an elevator 100b according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 5, the difference from the elevator 100a is that a pressing wheel 8 is provided between the traction machine 1 and the guide wheel 4 of the elevator 100b, and the pressing wheel 8 presses the traction medium 3 toward the traction machine 1 to increase the contact area between the traction machine 1 and the traction medium 3. The pinch roller 8 is arranged between the traction machine 1 and the guide wheel 4, and the traction medium 3 led out from the traction machine 1 is tangent to the pinch roller 8 and then tangent to the guide wheel 4. The pinch roller 8 applies a force biased toward the traction machine 1 to the traction medium 3, so that the contact area between the traction medium 3 and the traction machine 1 is increased, and the traction force and the friction force are increased.
Fig. 6 schematically shows a structural view of an elevator 100c according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 6, the difference from the elevator 100a is that the guide pulley 4 of the elevator 100c is disposed below the traction machine 1 and is biased toward the counterweight 6 side. The guide wheels 4 of the embodiment suitably deviate the hoisting medium 3 leading to the counterweight 6 from the hoisting medium 3 leading to the cage 5 to increase the distance between two sections of the hoisting medium 3.
What has been described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.